The layered PbBi_(4)Te_(7) compound is considered a promising thermoelectric material due to its unusually high electrical transport properties in ternary compound systems.However,its high carrier concentration leads ...The layered PbBi_(4)Te_(7) compound is considered a promising thermoelectric material due to its unusually high electrical transport properties in ternary compound systems.However,its high carrier concentration leads to relatively high thermal conductivity and low Seebeck coefficient,limiting the enhancement of its thermoelectric performance.In this work,we introduce Se alloying and Cu doping to synergistically regulate the thermoelectric transport properties of PbBi_(4)Te_(7).Se alloying induces strong lattice contraction and increased interlayer electron scattering,significantly reducing lattice thermal conductivity while enhancing the Seebeck coefficient.Besides,Cu doping forms interlayer electron transport channels thus optimizing carrier mobility and electrical transport properties.Cu substitution also enhances point defect scattering further suppressing phonon transport.Ultimately,the strong anharmonic structure formed by Se alloying and Cu-induced phonon scattering results in a remarkably low lattice thermal conductivity of 0.27 W m^(−1) K^(−1) at 300 K in PbBi_(4)Te_(5)Se_(2)-0.1%Cu samples.The maximum thermoelectric figure of merit(ZT_(max))is increased to 0.68,with an average thermoelectric figure of merit(ZTave)of 0.56 in the near-room temperature range(300–573 K),outperforming other typical ternary Pb-Bi-based compounds.展开更多
NiCr–Cr3C2 metal–ceramic composite coating is commonly produced on metal substrate by laser cladding to be used as wear-resistant coating under medium- or high-temperature working conditions.The coating has high har...NiCr–Cr3C2 metal–ceramic composite coating is commonly produced on metal substrate by laser cladding to be used as wear-resistant coating under medium- or high-temperature working conditions.The coating has high hardness, generally over three times that of the substrate.In order to make the hardness increase gradually from substrate to coating surface, the nickel-based alloy Ni45 was chosen as the transition layer and Ni Cr–Cr3C2 coating was indirectly cladded on 20Cr2Ni4 A substrate.Microstructure and composition of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Microhardness of the cross section of the coating was measured.Friction and wear behavior of Ni Cr–Cr3C2coating and substrate were investigated through sliding against the Si C ball at 20, 100 and 300 °C.The morphologies of worn surfaces were analyzed by SEM and EDS.The results show that the hardness of Ni45 transition layer is between that of the substrate and Ni Cr–Cr3C2coating, which avoids hardness jump and stress concentration of the coating.Ni Cr–Cr3C2coating contains hard phases of Cr3C2 and Cr7C3which enhance the wear resistance.With thetemperature increasing, friction coefficient and wear rate of the substrate increase significantly.Compared with the substrate, Ni Cr–Cr3C2coating has lower friction coefficient and wear rate at 100 and 300 °C, which verifies the good wear resistance of NiCr–Cr3C2 coating.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CC)is an uncommon subtype of primary hepatic carcinoma,and its prognosis is poor.This study was undertaken to investigate the prognosis and the ...BACKGROUND:Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CC)is an uncommon subtype of primary hepatic carcinoma,and its prognosis is poor.This study was undertaken to investigate the prognosis and the clinicopathological characteristics of cHCC-CC,including their possible cellular origin.METHODS:Among 852 patients with a primary hepatic carcinoma who underwent hepatectomy from January 1998 to April 2008 at our hospital,cHCC-CC was identified in 14 patients The clinicopathological characteristics of the 14 patients were analyzed retrospectively.The expression of the liver stem cell markers(c-kit,CD90,CD133 and CK19)in the tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate survival.RESULTS:Among the 14 patients,9 presented with abdominal pain,3 with anorexia and debilitation,and the remaining two patients were asymptomatic.The mean age was 53.6±3.0(range 38-74)years.Among the included patients,11 had an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level,13 were infected with hepatitis B virus,9 had vascular invasion and 1 had lymph node metastasis The average diameter of the tumors was 9.9±1.1(range 5.0-16.0)cm.The median overall survival time was 7.9±1.0 months In addition,the presence of the liver stem cell markers,c-kit CD90,CD133 and CK19 was 71.4%,85.7%,92.9%and 78.6%respectively.All four markers were simultaneously expressed in eight cases.CONCLUSIONS:cHCC-CC has aggressive characteristics and the prognosis is extremely dismal.The high expression of liver stem cell markers in the tumor tissue suggests that these tumors may derive from liver stem cells.展开更多
In stroke rehabilitation,rehabilitation equipments can help with the training.But traditional equipments are not convenient to carry,which limits patients to use related rehabilitation techniques.To solve this kind of...In stroke rehabilitation,rehabilitation equipments can help with the training.But traditional equipments are not convenient to carry,which limits patients to use related rehabilitation techniques.To solve this kind of problem,a new embedded rehabilitation system based on brain computer interface(BCI)is proposed in this paper.The system is based on motor imagery(MI)therapy,in which electroencephalogram(EEG)is evoked by grasping motor imageries of left and right hands,then collected by a wearable device.The EEG is transmitted to a Raspberry Pie processing unit through Bluetooth and decoded as the instructions to control the equipment extension.Users experience the limb movement through the visual feedback so as to achieve active rehabilitation.A pilot study shows that the user can control the movement of the rehabilitation equipment through his mind,and the equipment is convenient to carry.The study provides a new way to stroke rehabilitation.展开更多
Accumulated temperature,which is now widely used in agronomy,is an important ecological factor to the growth of plants,but few relative studies have been found on the vegetation area of floodplain grasslands in Poyang...Accumulated temperature,which is now widely used in agronomy,is an important ecological factor to the growth of plants,but few relative studies have been found on the vegetation area of floodplain grasslands in Poyang Lake.This research used the classification and regression tree(CART)to classify normalized vegetation area index derived from MODIS LAI(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Leaf Area Index)images from 2008 to 2014,according to different climate indexes,such as mean daily air temperature(n),accumulated temperature(jw),daily maximum temperature(g),daily minimum temperature(d),accumulative precipitation(j),water level(s)and average water level for 20 days preceding(a).The results showed that:(1)The accumulated temperature and the 20-day average WL(water level)were found to have the greatest impact on variation in wetland vegetation area,and they both dominated the classification process twice;(2)Two classification thresholds of accumulated temperature were 790°C and 1784°C,approximately corresponding to the beginning of April and midMay;(3)790°C could also be used as a threshold to select remote sensing images to analysis the annual variability of vegetation,i.e.while accumulated temperature is lower than 790°C,remote sensing images of similar accumulated temperature rather than similar date should be selected from different years for comparison.We also found that,effects of different hydrological factors on area of floodplain grasslands showed stage characteristics:(1)From January to March,water level changes slowly with less rainfall,as a result,the 20-day average WL which can interpret the hydrologic characteristics smoothly showed significant importance in this stage;(2)While entering April,intense rainfall make accumulative precipitation to be the dominating factor of classification;(3)From late April to mid-May,in condition of accumulative precipitation higher than 405 mm,daily water level is of most importance,because to the flood recession process as well as rapid water level fluctuations.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The study aims to investigate the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) after earthquakes among the elderly. METHODS: Data from cross-sectional studies focusing on the prevalence of PTSD after...BACKGROUND: The study aims to investigate the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) after earthquakes among the elderly. METHODS: Data from cross-sectional studies focusing on the prevalence of PTSD after earthquakes among the elderly were collected from Pub Med, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure in December 2019. The search terms included post-traumatic stress disorder, earthquake, and elderly. This study used Review Manager 5.0 to evaluate the impact of the results. In addition, forest plots, sensitivity analysis, and bias analysis were carried out on the included articles. The combined estimate of the risk ratio and the standard deviation of the 95% confidence interval(95% CI) were measurements of the size of the effect.RESULTS: There were 4,834 patients included from 10 eligible studies. The sample sizes of PTSD group and non-PTSD group were 1,277 and 3,557, respectively. The meta-analysis showed that the overall occurrence of PTSD after earthquakes among the elderly was 0.25;the occurrence in females was higher than that in males, and the occurrence in the same province indicated little difference(Wenchuan city 0.25 and Ya'an city 0.24).CONCLUSIONS: After earthquakes, the occurrence of PTSD is higher among the elderly than among other age groups, and higher among the females than among the males, while there is little difference among different areas within the same province. This indicated that prioritized specific psychological interventions should be provided to the aged and the females.展开更多
Background:The coronavirus(COVID-19)outbreak in 2019 triggered psychological and emotional responses.This research investigates the psychological status and emotional problems of those who sought psychological assista...Background:The coronavirus(COVID-19)outbreak in 2019 triggered psychological and emotional responses.This research investigates the psychological status and emotional problems of those who sought psychological assistance during the epidemic period by calling a mental health hotline.Methods:This study aims to combine qualitative and quantitative research.Descriptive analysis was used for undertaking qualitative research.We ana-lyzed the data from group 1(n=706),in which the people used the mental health hotline from 25 January 2020 to 23 June 2020.A self-designed questionnaire was developed in accordance with the classification and sum-marized items from group 1’s psychological problems and emotional status.To implement the quantitative research,we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive survey and used the self-compiled scale and HADS to inves-tigate group 2(n=553)from May 2020 to June 2020.Results:Descriptive statistics and comparative analysis revealed that:①Visitors mainly reported behavior,emotional,family relationship problems and sleep disorders.②Anxiety,comorbidities,sleep disorders and coping problems were the most frequently reported problems.③There were significant differences in the number of visitors experiencing various problems or exhibiting harmful behaviors(sorrow,worry,fear,depression,sleep disorders,self-harm or suicide,and coping problems,anxiety,hypochondria,and comorbidity)in the four stages of the epidemic.④More than a quarter of participants still suffered from anxiety or depression in the later stages of the epidemic.Conclusion:Different problems manifested at different stages of the epidemic,and psychological interventions and assistance should be tailored to reflect this.展开更多
Patients with bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) might benefit from radium-223 (^(223)Ra) combined withnew-generation hormonal agents (NHAs) in terms of survival and quality of life (QoL). Ho...Patients with bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) might benefit from radium-223 (^(223)Ra) combined withnew-generation hormonal agents (NHAs) in terms of survival and quality of life (QoL). However, the safety of combination therapiesremains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to perform a network meta-analysis by reviewing the literature about the combination of^(223)Ra with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) or enzalutamide and to evaluate the safety of combination therapy in bonemCRPC patients. Ultimately, ten studies (2835 patients) were selected, including four randomized controlled trials (RCTs), fiveretrospective cohort studies, and one single-arm study. Overall, there was no difference in the incidence of fracture between the^(223)Ra+NHA combination group and the ^(223)Ra monotherapy group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91–2.34,P = 0.66), but the incidences in both the ^(223)Ra+NHA combination group (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.24–4.63, P < 0.01) and the ^(223)Ramonotherapy group (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.23–4.08, P < 0.01) were higher than that in the NHA monotherapy group. However, inthe meta-analysis involving only RCTs, there was no difference between the ^(223)Ra monotherapy group and the NHA monotherapygroup (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.22–5.95, P = 0.88), while the difference between the ^(223)Ra+NHA combination group and the NHAmonotherapy group remained significant (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.24–4.63, P < 0.01). Symptomatic skeletal events (SSEs), SSE-freesurvival (SSE-FS), all grades of common adverse events (AEs), and ≥grade 3 AEs among all groups did not show any significantdifference. Our results indicate that the combination of ^(223)Ra with NHAs was well tolerated in bone mCRPC patients compared to ^(223)Ra monotherapy, even though the incidence of fracture was higher in patients who received ^(223)Ra than that among those whoreceived NHA monotherapy. More evidence is needed to explore the safety and efficiency of ^(223)Ra combination therapies.展开更多
The oxidation behavior of a novel Ni-based single-crystal 4774DD1 superalloy for industrial gas turbine applications was investigated by the isothermal oxidation at 980℃ and discontinuous oxidation weight gain method...The oxidation behavior of a novel Ni-based single-crystal 4774DD1 superalloy for industrial gas turbine applications was investigated by the isothermal oxidation at 980℃ and discontinuous oxidation weight gain methods.The phase constitution and morphology of surface oxides and the characteristics of the crosssection oxide film were analyzed by XRD,SEM and EDS.Results show that the oxidation kinetics of the 4774DD1 superalloy follows the cubic law,indicating its weak oxidation resistance at this temperature.As the oxidation time increases,the composition of the oxide film evolves as following:One layer consisting of a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer and an upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer after oxidized for 25 h.Then,two layers composed of an outermost small NiO discontinuous grain layer and an internal layer for 75 h.This internal layer is consisted of the bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer,an intermediate narrow CrTaO_(4)sublayer,and an upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer.Also two layers comprising an outermost relative continuous NiO layer with large grain size and an internal layer as the oxidation time increases to 125 h.This internal layer is composed of the upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer,an intermediate continuous(CrTaO_(4)+NiWO_(4))mixture sublayer,and a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer.Finally,three layers consisting of an outermost(NiAl2O_(4)+NiCr2O_(4))mixture layer,an intermediate(CrTaO_(4)+NiWO_(4))mixture layer,and a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)layer for 200 h.展开更多
The recent discovery of room temperature superconductivity(283 K)in carbonaceous sulfur hydride(C-S-H)has attracted much interest in ternary hydrogen rich materials.In this report,ternary hydride P-S-H was synthesized...The recent discovery of room temperature superconductivity(283 K)in carbonaceous sulfur hydride(C-S-H)has attracted much interest in ternary hydrogen rich materials.In this report,ternary hydride P-S-H was synthesized through a photothermal-chemical reaction from elemental sulfur(S),phosphorus(P)and molecular hydrogen(H_(2))at high pressures and room temperature.Raman spectroscopy under pressure shows that H_(2)S and PH_(3) compounds are synthesized after laser heating at 0.9 GPa,and a ternary van der Waals compound P-S-H is synthesized with further compression to 4.6 GPa.The P-S-H compound is probably a mixed alloy of PH_(3) and(H_(2)S)_(2)H_(2) with a vip-host structure similar to the C-S-H system.The ternary hydride can persist up to 35.6 GPa at least and shows two phase transitions at approximately 23.6 GPa and 32.8 GPa,respectively.展开更多
The layered van der Waals antiferromagnetic Fe PS_(3) has received considerable attention because long range magnetic ordering can remain with single atoms layer,which offers potential applications in future ultrathin...The layered van der Waals antiferromagnetic Fe PS_(3) has received considerable attention because long range magnetic ordering can remain with single atoms layer,which offers potential applications in future ultrathin devices.Here,we perform Raman spectroscopy to systematically explore the variations of lattice vibration and crystal structure under pressure up to 18.9 GPa.We observe two structural phase transitions at approximately 4 GPa and 13 GPa,respectively.Moreover,by monitoring spin-related Raman modes,we demonstrate a pressure-induced magnetic structure transition above 2 GPa.These modes disappear accompanying the second structural phase transition and insulator-to-metal transition(IMT),indicating the suppression of long-range magnetic ordering,in agreement with earlier neutron powder diffraction experiments.展开更多
Cognitive state detection using electroencephalogram(EEG)signals for various tasks has attracted significant research attention.However,it is difficult to further improve the performance of crosssubject cognitive stat...Cognitive state detection using electroencephalogram(EEG)signals for various tasks has attracted significant research attention.However,it is difficult to further improve the performance of crosssubject cognitive state detection.Further,most of the existing deep learning models will degrade significantly when limited training samples are given,and the feature hierarchical relationships are ignored.To address the above challenges,we propose an efficient interpretation model based on multiple capsule networks for cross-subject EEG cognitive state detection,termed as Efficient EEG-based Multi-Capsule Framework(E3GCAPS).Specifically,we use a selfexpression module to capture the potential connections between samples,which is beneficial to alleviate the sensitivity of outliers that are caused by the individual differences of cross-subject EEG.In addition,considering the strong correlation between cognitive states and brain function connection mode,the dynamic subcapsule-based spatial attention mechanism is introduced to explore the spatial relationship of multi-channel 1D EEG data,in which multichannel 1D data greatly improving the training efficiency while preserving the model performance.The effectiveness of the E3GCAPS is validated on the Fatigue-Awake EEG Dataset(FAAD)and the SJTU Emotion EEG Dataset(SEED).Experimental results show E3GCAPS can achieve remarkable results on the EEG-based cross-subject cognitive state detection under different tasks.展开更多
BACKGROUND Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus is a great challenge for oncologists and has a poor prognosis.To date,the safety and efficacy of programmed cell death ligand 1(...BACKGROUND Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus is a great challenge for oncologists and has a poor prognosis.To date,the safety and efficacy of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)inhibitors are still unknown.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old male was identified as having a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava 3 years after surgery.The patient underwent a second surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.However,the level of alpha-fetoprotein was elevated after 2 mo,and lung metastases and mediastinal lymph node metastases were identified.The expression of PD-L1 in HCC and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Then,the patient received atezolizumab immunotherapy.The level of alpha-fetoprotein dropped to normal,the mediastinal lymph node metastases decreased in size and the lung metastases disappeared after 3 mo of immunotherapy.The patient had no signs of recurrence at 21 mo of follow-up.A 60-year-old male underwent left hepatic tumor resection,inferior vena cava incision and thrombus removal,followed by regular chemotherapy.The patient developed lung and splenic metastases after surgery.Pembrolizumab was used for six courses,and the splenic metastasis shrank,after which splenectomy was performed.The patient continued to receive pembrolizumab for thirteen courses,and the lung metastases showed no progression.A 34-year-old male was diagnosed with liver cancer with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.The patient underwent right hepatectomy and received tislelizumab for three courses.He is still receiving immunotherapy and in good condition.CONCLUSION Anti-PD-L1 therapy in HCC patients with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus and metastasis is associated with relatively good patient outcomes.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52172236 and No.22205032)the Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NPU(Grant No.SKLSP202314)supported by“Bairen”Program from University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.
文摘The layered PbBi_(4)Te_(7) compound is considered a promising thermoelectric material due to its unusually high electrical transport properties in ternary compound systems.However,its high carrier concentration leads to relatively high thermal conductivity and low Seebeck coefficient,limiting the enhancement of its thermoelectric performance.In this work,we introduce Se alloying and Cu doping to synergistically regulate the thermoelectric transport properties of PbBi_(4)Te_(7).Se alloying induces strong lattice contraction and increased interlayer electron scattering,significantly reducing lattice thermal conductivity while enhancing the Seebeck coefficient.Besides,Cu doping forms interlayer electron transport channels thus optimizing carrier mobility and electrical transport properties.Cu substitution also enhances point defect scattering further suppressing phonon transport.Ultimately,the strong anharmonic structure formed by Se alloying and Cu-induced phonon scattering results in a remarkably low lattice thermal conductivity of 0.27 W m^(−1) K^(−1) at 300 K in PbBi_(4)Te_(5)Se_(2)-0.1%Cu samples.The maximum thermoelectric figure of merit(ZT_(max))is increased to 0.68,with an average thermoelectric figure of merit(ZTave)of 0.56 in the near-room temperature range(300–573 K),outperforming other typical ternary Pb-Bi-based compounds.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51275020)the National Defense Pre-Research Foundation of China (No. 9140A18020212HK01210)
文摘NiCr–Cr3C2 metal–ceramic composite coating is commonly produced on metal substrate by laser cladding to be used as wear-resistant coating under medium- or high-temperature working conditions.The coating has high hardness, generally over three times that of the substrate.In order to make the hardness increase gradually from substrate to coating surface, the nickel-based alloy Ni45 was chosen as the transition layer and Ni Cr–Cr3C2 coating was indirectly cladded on 20Cr2Ni4 A substrate.Microstructure and composition of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Microhardness of the cross section of the coating was measured.Friction and wear behavior of Ni Cr–Cr3C2coating and substrate were investigated through sliding against the Si C ball at 20, 100 and 300 °C.The morphologies of worn surfaces were analyzed by SEM and EDS.The results show that the hardness of Ni45 transition layer is between that of the substrate and Ni Cr–Cr3C2coating, which avoids hardness jump and stress concentration of the coating.Ni Cr–Cr3C2coating contains hard phases of Cr3C2 and Cr7C3which enhance the wear resistance.With thetemperature increasing, friction coefficient and wear rate of the substrate increase significantly.Compared with the substrate, Ni Cr–Cr3C2coating has lower friction coefficient and wear rate at 100 and 300 °C, which verifies the good wear resistance of NiCr–Cr3C2 coating.
基金supported by a grant from the Special Research Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundationof China(30872487)
文摘BACKGROUND:Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CC)is an uncommon subtype of primary hepatic carcinoma,and its prognosis is poor.This study was undertaken to investigate the prognosis and the clinicopathological characteristics of cHCC-CC,including their possible cellular origin.METHODS:Among 852 patients with a primary hepatic carcinoma who underwent hepatectomy from January 1998 to April 2008 at our hospital,cHCC-CC was identified in 14 patients The clinicopathological characteristics of the 14 patients were analyzed retrospectively.The expression of the liver stem cell markers(c-kit,CD90,CD133 and CK19)in the tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate survival.RESULTS:Among the 14 patients,9 presented with abdominal pain,3 with anorexia and debilitation,and the remaining two patients were asymptomatic.The mean age was 53.6±3.0(range 38-74)years.Among the included patients,11 had an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level,13 were infected with hepatitis B virus,9 had vascular invasion and 1 had lymph node metastasis The average diameter of the tumors was 9.9±1.1(range 5.0-16.0)cm.The median overall survival time was 7.9±1.0 months In addition,the presence of the liver stem cell markers,c-kit CD90,CD133 and CK19 was 71.4%,85.7%,92.9%and 78.6%respectively.All four markers were simultaneously expressed in eight cases.CONCLUSIONS:cHCC-CC has aggressive characteristics and the prognosis is extremely dismal.The high expression of liver stem cell markers in the tumor tissue suggests that these tumors may derive from liver stem cells.
基金the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22172020 and 61974020)supported by the projects of Sci & Tech planning of Zhuhai City (No. ZH22017001200032PWC)。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61671193)Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(2018C04012,2017C33049)Science and Technology Platform Construction Project of Fujian Science and Technology Department(2015Y2001)
文摘In stroke rehabilitation,rehabilitation equipments can help with the training.But traditional equipments are not convenient to carry,which limits patients to use related rehabilitation techniques.To solve this kind of problem,a new embedded rehabilitation system based on brain computer interface(BCI)is proposed in this paper.The system is based on motor imagery(MI)therapy,in which electroencephalogram(EEG)is evoked by grasping motor imageries of left and right hands,then collected by a wearable device.The EEG is transmitted to a Raspberry Pie processing unit through Bluetooth and decoded as the instructions to control the equipment extension.Users experience the limb movement through the visual feedback so as to achieve active rehabilitation.A pilot study shows that the user can control the movement of the rehabilitation equipment through his mind,and the equipment is convenient to carry.The study provides a new way to stroke rehabilitation.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China“Study on the dynamic mechanism of grassland ecosystem response to climate change in Qinghai Plateau”under grant number U20A2098the Second Tibet Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)under grant number 2019QZKK0804.
文摘Accumulated temperature,which is now widely used in agronomy,is an important ecological factor to the growth of plants,but few relative studies have been found on the vegetation area of floodplain grasslands in Poyang Lake.This research used the classification and regression tree(CART)to classify normalized vegetation area index derived from MODIS LAI(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Leaf Area Index)images from 2008 to 2014,according to different climate indexes,such as mean daily air temperature(n),accumulated temperature(jw),daily maximum temperature(g),daily minimum temperature(d),accumulative precipitation(j),water level(s)and average water level for 20 days preceding(a).The results showed that:(1)The accumulated temperature and the 20-day average WL(water level)were found to have the greatest impact on variation in wetland vegetation area,and they both dominated the classification process twice;(2)Two classification thresholds of accumulated temperature were 790°C and 1784°C,approximately corresponding to the beginning of April and midMay;(3)790°C could also be used as a threshold to select remote sensing images to analysis the annual variability of vegetation,i.e.while accumulated temperature is lower than 790°C,remote sensing images of similar accumulated temperature rather than similar date should be selected from different years for comparison.We also found that,effects of different hydrological factors on area of floodplain grasslands showed stage characteristics:(1)From January to March,water level changes slowly with less rainfall,as a result,the 20-day average WL which can interpret the hydrologic characteristics smoothly showed significant importance in this stage;(2)While entering April,intense rainfall make accumulative precipitation to be the dominating factor of classification;(3)From late April to mid-May,in condition of accumulative precipitation higher than 405 mm,daily water level is of most importance,because to the flood recession process as well as rapid water level fluctuations.
文摘BACKGROUND: The study aims to investigate the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) after earthquakes among the elderly. METHODS: Data from cross-sectional studies focusing on the prevalence of PTSD after earthquakes among the elderly were collected from Pub Med, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure in December 2019. The search terms included post-traumatic stress disorder, earthquake, and elderly. This study used Review Manager 5.0 to evaluate the impact of the results. In addition, forest plots, sensitivity analysis, and bias analysis were carried out on the included articles. The combined estimate of the risk ratio and the standard deviation of the 95% confidence interval(95% CI) were measurements of the size of the effect.RESULTS: There were 4,834 patients included from 10 eligible studies. The sample sizes of PTSD group and non-PTSD group were 1,277 and 3,557, respectively. The meta-analysis showed that the overall occurrence of PTSD after earthquakes among the elderly was 0.25;the occurrence in females was higher than that in males, and the occurrence in the same province indicated little difference(Wenchuan city 0.25 and Ya'an city 0.24).CONCLUSIONS: After earthquakes, the occurrence of PTSD is higher among the elderly than among other age groups, and higher among the females than among the males, while there is little difference among different areas within the same province. This indicated that prioritized specific psychological interventions should be provided to the aged and the females.
基金supported by Guangdong Philosophy and Social Sciences Funding(GD21CXL03).
文摘Background:The coronavirus(COVID-19)outbreak in 2019 triggered psychological and emotional responses.This research investigates the psychological status and emotional problems of those who sought psychological assistance during the epidemic period by calling a mental health hotline.Methods:This study aims to combine qualitative and quantitative research.Descriptive analysis was used for undertaking qualitative research.We ana-lyzed the data from group 1(n=706),in which the people used the mental health hotline from 25 January 2020 to 23 June 2020.A self-designed questionnaire was developed in accordance with the classification and sum-marized items from group 1’s psychological problems and emotional status.To implement the quantitative research,we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive survey and used the self-compiled scale and HADS to inves-tigate group 2(n=553)from May 2020 to June 2020.Results:Descriptive statistics and comparative analysis revealed that:①Visitors mainly reported behavior,emotional,family relationship problems and sleep disorders.②Anxiety,comorbidities,sleep disorders and coping problems were the most frequently reported problems.③There were significant differences in the number of visitors experiencing various problems or exhibiting harmful behaviors(sorrow,worry,fear,depression,sleep disorders,self-harm or suicide,and coping problems,anxiety,hypochondria,and comorbidity)in the four stages of the epidemic.④More than a quarter of participants still suffered from anxiety or depression in the later stages of the epidemic.Conclusion:Different problems manifested at different stages of the epidemic,and psychological interventions and assistance should be tailored to reflect this.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Support Program of Sichuan Province(2021YFS0119)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82172785,81902577,81974398,and 81872107)+1 种基金Research Foundation for the Postdoctoral Program of Sichuan University(2021SCU12014)1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(ZYJC21020).
文摘Patients with bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) might benefit from radium-223 (^(223)Ra) combined withnew-generation hormonal agents (NHAs) in terms of survival and quality of life (QoL). However, the safety of combination therapiesremains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to perform a network meta-analysis by reviewing the literature about the combination of^(223)Ra with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) or enzalutamide and to evaluate the safety of combination therapy in bonemCRPC patients. Ultimately, ten studies (2835 patients) were selected, including four randomized controlled trials (RCTs), fiveretrospective cohort studies, and one single-arm study. Overall, there was no difference in the incidence of fracture between the^(223)Ra+NHA combination group and the ^(223)Ra monotherapy group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91–2.34,P = 0.66), but the incidences in both the ^(223)Ra+NHA combination group (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.24–4.63, P < 0.01) and the ^(223)Ramonotherapy group (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.23–4.08, P < 0.01) were higher than that in the NHA monotherapy group. However, inthe meta-analysis involving only RCTs, there was no difference between the ^(223)Ra monotherapy group and the NHA monotherapygroup (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.22–5.95, P = 0.88), while the difference between the ^(223)Ra+NHA combination group and the NHAmonotherapy group remained significant (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.24–4.63, P < 0.01). Symptomatic skeletal events (SSEs), SSE-freesurvival (SSE-FS), all grades of common adverse events (AEs), and ≥grade 3 AEs among all groups did not show any significantdifference. Our results indicate that the combination of ^(223)Ra with NHAs was well tolerated in bone mCRPC patients compared to ^(223)Ra monotherapy, even though the incidence of fracture was higher in patients who received ^(223)Ra than that among those whoreceived NHA monotherapy. More evidence is needed to explore the safety and efficiency of ^(223)Ra combination therapies.
基金supported by the fund of State Key Laboratory of Long-life High Temperature Materials(Grant No.DTCC28EE200787)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2022JQ-553)+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021M692555)the Excellent Youth Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2021JC-08)the Beilin district of Xi’an Science and Technology Project(Grant No.GX2123)the support from the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities。
文摘The oxidation behavior of a novel Ni-based single-crystal 4774DD1 superalloy for industrial gas turbine applications was investigated by the isothermal oxidation at 980℃ and discontinuous oxidation weight gain methods.The phase constitution and morphology of surface oxides and the characteristics of the crosssection oxide film were analyzed by XRD,SEM and EDS.Results show that the oxidation kinetics of the 4774DD1 superalloy follows the cubic law,indicating its weak oxidation resistance at this temperature.As the oxidation time increases,the composition of the oxide film evolves as following:One layer consisting of a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer and an upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer after oxidized for 25 h.Then,two layers composed of an outermost small NiO discontinuous grain layer and an internal layer for 75 h.This internal layer is consisted of the bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer,an intermediate narrow CrTaO_(4)sublayer,and an upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer.Also two layers comprising an outermost relative continuous NiO layer with large grain size and an internal layer as the oxidation time increases to 125 h.This internal layer is composed of the upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer,an intermediate continuous(CrTaO_(4)+NiWO_(4))mixture sublayer,and a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer.Finally,three layers consisting of an outermost(NiAl2O_(4)+NiCr2O_(4))mixture layer,an intermediate(CrTaO_(4)+NiWO_(4))mixture layer,and a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)layer for 200 h.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52002372,51672279,51727806,11874361,and 11774354)Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2016001)Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Grant(Grant No.CXJJ-19-B08)。
文摘The recent discovery of room temperature superconductivity(283 K)in carbonaceous sulfur hydride(C-S-H)has attracted much interest in ternary hydrogen rich materials.In this report,ternary hydride P-S-H was synthesized through a photothermal-chemical reaction from elemental sulfur(S),phosphorus(P)and molecular hydrogen(H_(2))at high pressures and room temperature.Raman spectroscopy under pressure shows that H_(2)S and PH_(3) compounds are synthesized after laser heating at 0.9 GPa,and a ternary van der Waals compound P-S-H is synthesized with further compression to 4.6 GPa.The P-S-H compound is probably a mixed alloy of PH_(3) and(H_(2)S)_(2)H_(2) with a vip-host structure similar to the C-S-H system.The ternary hydride can persist up to 35.6 GPa at least and shows two phase transitions at approximately 23.6 GPa and 32.8 GPa,respectively.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52002372,12004387,51672279,51727806,11874361,and 11774354))Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2016001)the CASHIPS Director’s Fund(Grant No.YZJJ201705)。
文摘The layered van der Waals antiferromagnetic Fe PS_(3) has received considerable attention because long range magnetic ordering can remain with single atoms layer,which offers potential applications in future ultrathin devices.Here,we perform Raman spectroscopy to systematically explore the variations of lattice vibration and crystal structure under pressure up to 18.9 GPa.We observe two structural phase transitions at approximately 4 GPa and 13 GPa,respectively.Moreover,by monitoring spin-related Raman modes,we demonstrate a pressure-induced magnetic structure transition above 2 GPa.These modes disappear accompanying the second structural phase transition and insulator-to-metal transition(IMT),indicating the suppression of long-range magnetic ordering,in agreement with earlier neutron powder diffraction experiments.
基金supported by NSFC with grant No.62076083Firstly,the authors would like to express thanks to the Key Laboratory of Brain Machine Collaborative Intelligence of Zhejiang Province with grant No.2020E10010Industrial Neuroscience Laboratory of Sapienza University of Rome.
文摘Cognitive state detection using electroencephalogram(EEG)signals for various tasks has attracted significant research attention.However,it is difficult to further improve the performance of crosssubject cognitive state detection.Further,most of the existing deep learning models will degrade significantly when limited training samples are given,and the feature hierarchical relationships are ignored.To address the above challenges,we propose an efficient interpretation model based on multiple capsule networks for cross-subject EEG cognitive state detection,termed as Efficient EEG-based Multi-Capsule Framework(E3GCAPS).Specifically,we use a selfexpression module to capture the potential connections between samples,which is beneficial to alleviate the sensitivity of outliers that are caused by the individual differences of cross-subject EEG.In addition,considering the strong correlation between cognitive states and brain function connection mode,the dynamic subcapsule-based spatial attention mechanism is introduced to explore the spatial relationship of multi-channel 1D EEG data,in which multichannel 1D data greatly improving the training efficiency while preserving the model performance.The effectiveness of the E3GCAPS is validated on the Fatigue-Awake EEG Dataset(FAAD)and the SJTU Emotion EEG Dataset(SEED).Experimental results show E3GCAPS can achieve remarkable results on the EEG-based cross-subject cognitive state detection under different tasks.
基金Supported by The Special Research Foundation of the National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.81972262 and No.81972255The Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2018A030313645,No.2020A1515010117 and No.2016A030313840+4 种基金Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Molecular Mechanism and Translational Medicine of Guangzhou Bureau of Science and Information Technology,No.[2013]163the Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,No.KLB09001Guangdong Science and Technology Department,No.2015B050501004Guangdong Science and Technology Department,No.2017B030314026Sun Yat-sen University Clinical Research 5010 Program,No.2018008.
文摘BACKGROUND Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus is a great challenge for oncologists and has a poor prognosis.To date,the safety and efficacy of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)inhibitors are still unknown.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old male was identified as having a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava 3 years after surgery.The patient underwent a second surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.However,the level of alpha-fetoprotein was elevated after 2 mo,and lung metastases and mediastinal lymph node metastases were identified.The expression of PD-L1 in HCC and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Then,the patient received atezolizumab immunotherapy.The level of alpha-fetoprotein dropped to normal,the mediastinal lymph node metastases decreased in size and the lung metastases disappeared after 3 mo of immunotherapy.The patient had no signs of recurrence at 21 mo of follow-up.A 60-year-old male underwent left hepatic tumor resection,inferior vena cava incision and thrombus removal,followed by regular chemotherapy.The patient developed lung and splenic metastases after surgery.Pembrolizumab was used for six courses,and the splenic metastasis shrank,after which splenectomy was performed.The patient continued to receive pembrolizumab for thirteen courses,and the lung metastases showed no progression.A 34-year-old male was diagnosed with liver cancer with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.The patient underwent right hepatectomy and received tislelizumab for three courses.He is still receiving immunotherapy and in good condition.CONCLUSION Anti-PD-L1 therapy in HCC patients with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus and metastasis is associated with relatively good patient outcomes.
