Recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)has been widely used for the treatment of disorders associated with GH deficiency and multiple clinical indications[1].Accurate determination of biological activity is essential i...Recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)has been widely used for the treatment of disorders associated with GH deficiency and multiple clinical indications[1].Accurate determination of biological activity is essential in the development,registration,and quality control of rhGH pharmaceutical products[2].However,the existing in vivo bioassay procedure based on somatropin-induced weight gain in rats is complicated,and the use of a rat cell line-based approach(Nb2-11 bioassay),which measures the production of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)as a direct indicator of cell growth,has a low mechanism of action(MOA)relevance.Therefore,novel rhGH bioassays are still needed.To this end,we developed a reporter gene assay(RGA)based on the GH/insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)axis.展开更多
Here,we demonstrate a readily prepared anthrazoline photocatalyst,which can effectively promote C—O bond formation reactions with the aid of Ni(II)complex.This methodology enables the esterification(36 examples)and e...Here,we demonstrate a readily prepared anthrazoline photocatalyst,which can effectively promote C—O bond formation reactions with the aid of Ni(II)complex.This methodology enables the esterification(36 examples)and etherification(8 examples)with a broad range of scope,allowing aryl and alkyl halides coupled with diverse carboxylic acids/alcohols.Our metal-free photocatalysts have a potential broad application,may serve as an alternative to some iridium and ruthenium based photocatalysts,and are of potential importance to the pharmaceutical industry.展开更多
Shellfish and seaweed aquaculture substantially influence marine carbon sinks.However,comprehensive comparisons and analyses of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) uptake,dissolved organic carbon(DOC) release,and CO_(2) s...Shellfish and seaweed aquaculture substantially influence marine carbon sinks.However,comprehensive comparisons and analyses of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) uptake,dissolved organic carbon(DOC) release,and CO_(2) source-sink dynamics under both monoculture and coculture regimes remain limited.This study utilized a custom-built closed system to monitor CO_(2) in the water and air,and the dynamics of seawater DIC,DOC,and overlying atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations in mono-and co-cultures of seaweed(Gracilaria lemaneiformis) and oysters(Crassostrea gigas).The monoculture of G.lemaneiformis apparently demonstrated significant carbon sequestration capacity,effectively reducing both seawater DIC and overlying atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations.The absorption rates were 0.026 mg/(g h) for atmospheric CO_(2) and 1.081 mg/(g h) for seawater DIC(both calculated as CO_(2) equivalent).In contrast,oyster monoculture had minimal impact on seawater DIC but significantly elevated overlying atmospheric CO_(2) levels,functioning as a CO_(2) source with a release rate of 0.110 mg/(g d).Notably,in G.lemaneiformis–oyster cocultures,the system not only reduced seawater DIC concentrations—often more effectively than G.lemaneiformis monoculture alone—but also substantially mitigated the CO_(2) release associated with oysters.Furthermore,cocultures with a high G.lemaneiformis-to-oyster ratio facilitated a net shift from CO_(2) emission to sequestration.At a G.lemaneiformis-to-oyster weight ratio of 1:8,the water-air CO_(2) exchange approached equilibrium.Regarding organic carbon,DOC release rates also differed significantly among the three cultivation modes.G.lemaneiformis monoculture produced a notably higher DOC release rate than oyster monoculture,while their coculture exhibited an approximately additive effect on DOC release.Furthermore,the photosynthetic activity of G.lemaneiformis was highly responsive to light-dark cycles.During the light phase,seawater p H,dissolved oxygen,and DOC levels increased,while DIC concentrations decreased;these trends reversed during the dark phase.Among these parameters,p H was identified as a critical environmental factor regulating seawater partial pressure of CO_(2) and,consequently,the water-air CO_(2) exchange.These findings provide valuable insights and a robust scientific basis for assessing the carbon source-sink dynamics of shellfish and seaweed aquaculture systems.展开更多
基金supported by the first batch of grants from the State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science,China(Grant No.:2023SKLDRS0108).
文摘Recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)has been widely used for the treatment of disorders associated with GH deficiency and multiple clinical indications[1].Accurate determination of biological activity is essential in the development,registration,and quality control of rhGH pharmaceutical products[2].However,the existing in vivo bioassay procedure based on somatropin-induced weight gain in rats is complicated,and the use of a rat cell line-based approach(Nb2-11 bioassay),which measures the production of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)as a direct indicator of cell growth,has a low mechanism of action(MOA)relevance.Therefore,novel rhGH bioassays are still needed.To this end,we developed a reporter gene assay(RGA)based on the GH/insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)axis.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22202128)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(GK202205016 and GK202201006)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M683417)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2021JQ-302),and the Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering(KF2201).
文摘Here,we demonstrate a readily prepared anthrazoline photocatalyst,which can effectively promote C—O bond formation reactions with the aid of Ni(II)complex.This methodology enables the esterification(36 examples)and etherification(8 examples)with a broad range of scope,allowing aryl and alkyl halides coupled with diverse carboxylic acids/alcohols.Our metal-free photocatalysts have a potential broad application,may serve as an alternative to some iridium and ruthenium based photocatalysts,and are of potential importance to the pharmaceutical industry.
基金supported by the Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions(ONCE) Programthe Special Funds Program for Promoting High-Quality Development of Marine and Fishery Industry in Fujian Province,China(Grant Nos.FJHYF-TH-2023-1&FJHYF-TH-2023-4)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42188102)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0607603)the Science and Technology Plan Program of Fujian Province,China(Grant No.2022Y0068)。
文摘Shellfish and seaweed aquaculture substantially influence marine carbon sinks.However,comprehensive comparisons and analyses of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) uptake,dissolved organic carbon(DOC) release,and CO_(2) source-sink dynamics under both monoculture and coculture regimes remain limited.This study utilized a custom-built closed system to monitor CO_(2) in the water and air,and the dynamics of seawater DIC,DOC,and overlying atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations in mono-and co-cultures of seaweed(Gracilaria lemaneiformis) and oysters(Crassostrea gigas).The monoculture of G.lemaneiformis apparently demonstrated significant carbon sequestration capacity,effectively reducing both seawater DIC and overlying atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations.The absorption rates were 0.026 mg/(g h) for atmospheric CO_(2) and 1.081 mg/(g h) for seawater DIC(both calculated as CO_(2) equivalent).In contrast,oyster monoculture had minimal impact on seawater DIC but significantly elevated overlying atmospheric CO_(2) levels,functioning as a CO_(2) source with a release rate of 0.110 mg/(g d).Notably,in G.lemaneiformis–oyster cocultures,the system not only reduced seawater DIC concentrations—often more effectively than G.lemaneiformis monoculture alone—but also substantially mitigated the CO_(2) release associated with oysters.Furthermore,cocultures with a high G.lemaneiformis-to-oyster ratio facilitated a net shift from CO_(2) emission to sequestration.At a G.lemaneiformis-to-oyster weight ratio of 1:8,the water-air CO_(2) exchange approached equilibrium.Regarding organic carbon,DOC release rates also differed significantly among the three cultivation modes.G.lemaneiformis monoculture produced a notably higher DOC release rate than oyster monoculture,while their coculture exhibited an approximately additive effect on DOC release.Furthermore,the photosynthetic activity of G.lemaneiformis was highly responsive to light-dark cycles.During the light phase,seawater p H,dissolved oxygen,and DOC levels increased,while DIC concentrations decreased;these trends reversed during the dark phase.Among these parameters,p H was identified as a critical environmental factor regulating seawater partial pressure of CO_(2) and,consequently,the water-air CO_(2) exchange.These findings provide valuable insights and a robust scientific basis for assessing the carbon source-sink dynamics of shellfish and seaweed aquaculture systems.
