AM （additive manufacturing） of metal parts becomes increasingly important in many industrial fields. However, currently used AM processes like laser melting or electron beam melting are quite complex and expensive. ...AM （additive manufacturing） of metal parts becomes increasingly important in many industrial fields. However, currently used AM processes like laser melting or electron beam melting are quite complex and expensive. The extrusion based AM technology for dense metal components （Composite Extrusion Modelling-CEM）, is characterised by an easy handling and cost efficiency in comparison to powder based processes. The CEM process contains two steps, the additive manufacturing of the green parts and the consecutive sintering. The additive manufacturing of green parts is carried out in a thermally controlled extrusion process. The standard metal injection moulding material with a high proportion of metal and thermoplastic binder is deposited in layers by a heated nozzle. In this way overhangs and bridge structures can be realised. The quality of the green parts that were manufactured with the specifically developed extruder corresponds to typical Fused Deposition Modelling parts. In case the surfaces need to be smooth the green parts can be mechanically post-processed before going through the debinding and sintering process.展开更多
This review paper explores the cutting-edge advancements in hydrogel design for articular cartilage regeneration(CR).Articular cartilage(AC)defects are a common occurrence worldwide that can lead to joint breakdown at...This review paper explores the cutting-edge advancements in hydrogel design for articular cartilage regeneration(CR).Articular cartilage(AC)defects are a common occurrence worldwide that can lead to joint breakdown at a later stage of the disease,necessitating immediate intervention to prevent progressive degeneration of cartilage.Decades of research into the biomedical applications of hydrogels have revealed their tremendous potential,particularly in soft tissue engineering,including CR.Hydrogels are highly tunable and can be designed to meet the key criteria needed for a template in CR.This paper aims to identify those criteria,including the hydrogel components,mechanical properties,biodegradability,structural design,and integration capability with the adjacent native tissue and delves into the benefits that CR can obtain through appropriate design.Stratifiedstructural hydrogels that emulate the native cartilage structure,as well as the impact of environmental stim-uli on the regeneration outcome,have also been discussed.By examining recent advances and emerging tech-niques,this paper offers valuable insights into developing effective hydrogel-based therapies for AC repair.展开更多
文摘AM （additive manufacturing） of metal parts becomes increasingly important in many industrial fields. However, currently used AM processes like laser melting or electron beam melting are quite complex and expensive. The extrusion based AM technology for dense metal components （Composite Extrusion Modelling-CEM）, is characterised by an easy handling and cost efficiency in comparison to powder based processes. The CEM process contains two steps, the additive manufacturing of the green parts and the consecutive sintering. The additive manufacturing of green parts is carried out in a thermally controlled extrusion process. The standard metal injection moulding material with a high proportion of metal and thermoplastic binder is deposited in layers by a heated nozzle. In this way overhangs and bridge structures can be realised. The quality of the green parts that were manufactured with the specifically developed extruder corresponds to typical Fused Deposition Modelling parts. In case the surfaces need to be smooth the green parts can be mechanically post-processed before going through the debinding and sintering process.
基金funded by Iran National Science Foundation(INSF)under project NO.4015025financially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)-SFB 1270/1,2-299150580.
文摘This review paper explores the cutting-edge advancements in hydrogel design for articular cartilage regeneration(CR).Articular cartilage(AC)defects are a common occurrence worldwide that can lead to joint breakdown at a later stage of the disease,necessitating immediate intervention to prevent progressive degeneration of cartilage.Decades of research into the biomedical applications of hydrogels have revealed their tremendous potential,particularly in soft tissue engineering,including CR.Hydrogels are highly tunable and can be designed to meet the key criteria needed for a template in CR.This paper aims to identify those criteria,including the hydrogel components,mechanical properties,biodegradability,structural design,and integration capability with the adjacent native tissue and delves into the benefits that CR can obtain through appropriate design.Stratifiedstructural hydrogels that emulate the native cartilage structure,as well as the impact of environmental stim-uli on the regeneration outcome,have also been discussed.By examining recent advances and emerging tech-niques,this paper offers valuable insights into developing effective hydrogel-based therapies for AC repair.
