目的通过整理芍药汤的中医古籍文献,对该方的历史沿革与关键信息进行考证,为经典名方的研发提供参考。方法通过文献计量学的方法,收集整理芍药汤古今文献,对该方的历史源流、方义组成分析、剂量与炮制、煎制服法、功效主治等进行探讨。...目的通过整理芍药汤的中医古籍文献,对该方的历史沿革与关键信息进行考证,为经典名方的研发提供参考。方法通过文献计量学的方法,收集整理芍药汤古今文献,对该方的历史源流、方义组成分析、剂量与炮制、煎制服法、功效主治等进行探讨。结果整理得到芍药汤相关古籍文献数据64条,经筛选后录入49条,涉及中医古籍49部,按时代分为金(1部)、元(2部)、明(20部)、清(26部),结果表明《古代经典名方目录(第二批)——汉族医药》第52号方芍药汤出自金代医著《素问病机气宜保命集·泻痢论》,主治湿热壅滞肠道之腹痛、便血、痢疾等,方由白芍、黄芩、黄连、当归、木香、槟榔、大黄、肉桂、甘草9味主流药物组成,在药物基原方面,古今基本一致。其现代煎服方法为每服20.65 g,制成粗粒,以水600 m L,煮取300 m L,食后温服。结论本研究通过收集整理芍药汤相关文献,对该方历史源流及处方信息进行考证,得出方中药物基原、剂量与炮制、煎制服法等关键信息,为芍药汤的临证运用及后期研究提供参考和依据。展开更多
Land evapotranspiration(ET) is an important process connecting soil, vegetation and the atmosphere, especially in regions that experience shortage in precipitation.Since 1999, the implementation of a large-scale veget...Land evapotranspiration(ET) is an important process connecting soil, vegetation and the atmosphere, especially in regions that experience shortage in precipitation.Since 1999, the implementation of a large-scale vegetation restoration project has significantly improved the ecological environment of the Loess Plateau in China.However, the quantitative assessment of the contribution of vegetation restoration projects to long-term ET is still in its infancy.In this study, we investigated changes in land ET and associated driving factors from 1982 to 2014 in the Loess Plateau using Budyko-based partial differential methods.Overall, annual ET slightly increased by 0.28 mm/a and there were no large fluctuations after project implementation.An attribution analysis showed that precipitation was the driving factor of inter-annual variability of land ET throughout the study period;the average impacts of precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and vegetation restoration on ET change were 61.5%, 11.5% and 26.9%, respectively.These results provide an improved understanding of the relationship between vegetation condition change and climate variation on terrestrial ET in the study area and can support future decision-making regarding water resource availability.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Shenmai injection for shock.METHODS: Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that evaluated the therapeutic effect of Shenmai injection on shock(including septic shock, ...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Shenmai injection for shock.METHODS: Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that evaluated the therapeutic effect of Shenmai injection on shock(including septic shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, neurogenic shock and anaphylactic shock) were included in this analysis. The major electronic databases were searched until May 2015. The methodological quality of the trials was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software were applied for data analysis.RESULTS: Thirty RCTs involving 2038 participants were included. The methodological quality of the trials was generally passable. The combined use of Shenmai injection and conventional medicine was significantly more effective at managing shock compared to conventional medicine alone in the outcomes of total effective rate [risk ratio(RR 1.25,95% confidence interval(CI) 1.18 to 1.31] and mortality rate [risk difference(RD)-0.10, 95% CI-0.17 to-0.02]. Likewise, improvements were observed in other metrics. Three trials reported adverse events, but no trial reported serious adverse effects.CONCLUSION: Our results indicated the potential effectiveness of Shenmai injection combined with conventional medicine treatment for shock. However, further rigorously designed trials are needed to collect and weigh up all the evidence for the use of Shenmai injection.展开更多
文摘目的通过整理芍药汤的中医古籍文献,对该方的历史沿革与关键信息进行考证,为经典名方的研发提供参考。方法通过文献计量学的方法,收集整理芍药汤古今文献,对该方的历史源流、方义组成分析、剂量与炮制、煎制服法、功效主治等进行探讨。结果整理得到芍药汤相关古籍文献数据64条,经筛选后录入49条,涉及中医古籍49部,按时代分为金(1部)、元(2部)、明(20部)、清(26部),结果表明《古代经典名方目录(第二批)——汉族医药》第52号方芍药汤出自金代医著《素问病机气宜保命集·泻痢论》,主治湿热壅滞肠道之腹痛、便血、痢疾等,方由白芍、黄芩、黄连、当归、木香、槟榔、大黄、肉桂、甘草9味主流药物组成,在药物基原方面,古今基本一致。其现代煎服方法为每服20.65 g,制成粗粒,以水600 m L,煮取300 m L,食后温服。结论本研究通过收集整理芍药汤相关文献,对该方历史源流及处方信息进行考证,得出方中药物基原、剂量与炮制、煎制服法等关键信息,为芍药汤的临证运用及后期研究提供参考和依据。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0401300)the Basic Research Project of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (WR0145B342019)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (51625904)
文摘Land evapotranspiration(ET) is an important process connecting soil, vegetation and the atmosphere, especially in regions that experience shortage in precipitation.Since 1999, the implementation of a large-scale vegetation restoration project has significantly improved the ecological environment of the Loess Plateau in China.However, the quantitative assessment of the contribution of vegetation restoration projects to long-term ET is still in its infancy.In this study, we investigated changes in land ET and associated driving factors from 1982 to 2014 in the Loess Plateau using Budyko-based partial differential methods.Overall, annual ET slightly increased by 0.28 mm/a and there were no large fluctuations after project implementation.An attribution analysis showed that precipitation was the driving factor of inter-annual variability of land ET throughout the study period;the average impacts of precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and vegetation restoration on ET change were 61.5%, 11.5% and 26.9%, respectively.These results provide an improved understanding of the relationship between vegetation condition change and climate variation on terrestrial ET in the study area and can support future decision-making regarding water resource availability.
基金Supported by the Program for Zhejiang Leading Team of Science and Technology Innovation(No.2011R50021)Medical Research Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2015RCB011)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Shenmai injection for shock.METHODS: Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that evaluated the therapeutic effect of Shenmai injection on shock(including septic shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, neurogenic shock and anaphylactic shock) were included in this analysis. The major electronic databases were searched until May 2015. The methodological quality of the trials was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software were applied for data analysis.RESULTS: Thirty RCTs involving 2038 participants were included. The methodological quality of the trials was generally passable. The combined use of Shenmai injection and conventional medicine was significantly more effective at managing shock compared to conventional medicine alone in the outcomes of total effective rate [risk ratio(RR 1.25,95% confidence interval(CI) 1.18 to 1.31] and mortality rate [risk difference(RD)-0.10, 95% CI-0.17 to-0.02]. Likewise, improvements were observed in other metrics. Three trials reported adverse events, but no trial reported serious adverse effects.CONCLUSION: Our results indicated the potential effectiveness of Shenmai injection combined with conventional medicine treatment for shock. However, further rigorously designed trials are needed to collect and weigh up all the evidence for the use of Shenmai injection.
