The airplane refueling problem can be stated as follows.We are given n airplanes which can refuel one another during the flight.Each airplane has a reservoir volume wj(liters)and a consumption rate pj(liters per kilom...The airplane refueling problem can be stated as follows.We are given n airplanes which can refuel one another during the flight.Each airplane has a reservoir volume wj(liters)and a consumption rate pj(liters per kilometer).As soon as one airplane runs out of fuel,it is dropping out of the flight.The problem asks for finding a refueling scheme such that the last plane in the air reach a maximal distance.An equivalent version is the n-vehicle exploration problem.The computational complexity of this non-linear combinatorial optimization problem is open so far.This paper employs the neighborhood exchange method of single-machine scheduling to study the precedence relations of jobs,so as to improve the necessary and sufficiency conditions of optimal solutions,and establish an efficient heuristic algorithm which is a generalization of several existing special algorithms.展开更多
The presence of a surface oxide film(B_(2)O_(3))on boron(B)particles significantly compromises their combustion efficiency and kinetic performance in fuel-rich solid propellants.This study proposes an innovative conti...The presence of a surface oxide film(B_(2)O_(3))on boron(B)particles significantly compromises their combustion efficiency and kinetic performance in fuel-rich solid propellants.This study proposes an innovative continuous modification strategy combining non-thermal plasma(NTP)etching with fluorocarbon passivation.Characterization and kinetic analysis revealed that reactive plasma species—including atomic hydrogen(H),electronically excited molecular hydrogen(H_(2)^(*)),vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen(H_(2)v),and hydrogen ions(H^(+))—dominate the reduction of B_(2)O_(3)through lowering the transition energy barrier and shifting the reaction spontaneity.Subsequent argon plasma fragmentation of C_(8)F_(18)generates fluorocarbon radicals that form conformal passivation coatings(thickness:7 nm)on purified boron surfaces.The modified boron particles exhibit 37.5℃lower exothermic peak temperature and 27.2%higher heat release(14.8 kJ/g vs.11.6 kJ/g)compared to untreated counterparts.Combustion diagnostics reveal 194%increase in maximum flame height(135.10 mm vs.46.03 mm)and 134%enhancement in flame propagation rate(4.44 cm/s vs.1.90 cm/s).This NTP-based surface engineering approach establishes a scalable pathway for developing highperformance boron-based energetic composites.展开更多
The abnormal metabolic activity of the tumor can increase the oxygen consumption in tumor cells,and the poor blood perfusion often happens in tumor regions as well,which are the main reasons that result in a hypoxic s...The abnormal metabolic activity of the tumor can increase the oxygen consumption in tumor cells,and the poor blood perfusion often happens in tumor regions as well,which are the main reasons that result in a hypoxic situation in the tumor.A fluorescence probe,AQD,with selective response toward hypoxia was designed for the detection of hypoxic tumor cells,which was obtained by the covalent connection of a large planar conjugated fluorophore with good fluorescence stability and a N,N-dimethylaniline moiety via the azo bond.The introduction of the azo bond in AQD caused significant fluorescence emission quenching,and the probe was reduced under hypoxic conditions to release the fluorophore via breaking the azo bond,resulting in the gradual recovery of fluorescence emission.Probe AQD exhibited a remarkable fluorescence response in hypoxic conditions,high selectivity,and good biocompatibility,which was successfully used for the imaging of hypoxic tumor cells and realized the detection of hypoxic A549 cells.展开更多
The constitution,structure,working principle and launching process of the wedge-shaped pneumatic launcher of an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)are described.By simplifying its physical model,two dynamic models of the UAV...The constitution,structure,working principle and launching process of the wedge-shaped pneumatic launcher of an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)are described.By simplifying its physical model,two dynamic models of the UAV launch system are established based on Lagrange equation and MSC.ADAMS,respectively.The curves of the acceleration and the velocity of UAV changing with time are obtained.The simulation results are compared with the experimental results to verify the correctness of the model.Then,the influence of the parameters on the launch is explored.Finally,the system is optimized.The maximum overload and the acceleration fluctuation are reduced.展开更多
Seasonal outbreaks of airsacculitis in China's poultry cause great economic losses annually.This study tried to unveil the potential role of Avian metopneumovirus(AM PV),Ornithobacterium rhinotrocheale(aRT)and Chl...Seasonal outbreaks of airsacculitis in China's poultry cause great economic losses annually.This study tried to unveil the potential role of Avian metopneumovirus(AM PV),Ornithobacterium rhinotrocheale(aRT)and Chlarnydia psittaci(CPS)in avian airsacculitis.A serological investigation of 673 breeder chickens and a case-controlled study of 430 birds were undertaken.Results showed that infection with AMPV,aRT,and CPS was highly associated with the disease.The correlation between AMPV and CPS were positively robust in both layers and broilers.Finally,we determined the co-infection with AMPV,aRT,and CPS was prevalent in the sampled poultry farms suffering from respiratory diseases and the outbreak of airsacculitis was closely related to simultaneous exposure to all three agents.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Stathmin is a ubiquitous cytosolic regulatory phosphoprotein and is overexpressed in different human malignancies. The main physiological function of stathmin is to interfere with microtubule dynamics by ...BACKGROUND： Stathmin is a ubiquitous cytosolic regulatory phosphoprotein and is overexpressed in different human malignancies. The main physiological function of stathmin is to interfere with microtubule dynamics by promoting depolymerization of microtubules or by preventing polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Stathmin plays important roles in regulating many cellular functions as a result of its microtubuledestabilizing activity. Currently, the critical roles of stathmin in cancer cells, as well as in lymphocytes have been valued. This review discusses stathmin and microtubule dynamics in cancer development, and hypothesizes their possible relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT）.DATA SOURCES： A PubMed search using such terms as ＂stathmin＂, ＂microtubule dynamics＂, ＂epithelial-mesenchymal transition＂, ＂EMT＂, ＂malignant potential＂ and ＂cancer＂ was performed to identify relevant studies published in English.More than 100 related articles were reviewed.RESULTS： The literature clearly documented the relationship between stathmin and its microtubule-destabilizing activity of cancer development. However, the particular mechanism is poorly understood. Microtubule disruption is essential for EMT, which is a crucial process during cancer development. As a microtubule-destabilizing protein, stathmin may promote malignant potential in cancer cells by initiating EMT.CONCLUSIONS： We propose that there is a stathminmicrotubule dynamics-EMT（S-M-E） axis during cancer development. By this axis, stathmin together with itsmicrotubule-destabilizing activity contributes to EMT, which stimulates the malignant potential in cancer cells.展开更多
Model updating for aircraft in a high temperature environment(HTE)is proposed based on the hierarchical method.With this method,the problem can be decomposed into temperature field updating and dynamic structural upda...Model updating for aircraft in a high temperature environment(HTE)is proposed based on the hierarchical method.With this method,the problem can be decomposed into temperature field updating and dynamic structural updating.In order to improve the estimation accuracy,the model updating problem is turned into a multi-objective optimization problem by constructing the objective function which combined with residues of modal frequency and effective modal mass.Then the metamodeling,support vector regression(SVR)is introduced to improve the optimization efficiency,and the solution can be determined by adaptive weighted-sum method(AWS).Finally,the proposed method is tested on a finite element(FE)model of a reentry vehicle model.The results show that the multi-objective model updating method in HTE can identify the input parameters of the temperature field and structure with good accuracy.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(Grant Nos.232300421218 and 252300421483).
文摘The airplane refueling problem can be stated as follows.We are given n airplanes which can refuel one another during the flight.Each airplane has a reservoir volume wj(liters)and a consumption rate pj(liters per kilometer).As soon as one airplane runs out of fuel,it is dropping out of the flight.The problem asks for finding a refueling scheme such that the last plane in the air reach a maximal distance.An equivalent version is the n-vehicle exploration problem.The computational complexity of this non-linear combinatorial optimization problem is open so far.This paper employs the neighborhood exchange method of single-machine scheduling to study the precedence relations of jobs,so as to improve the necessary and sufficiency conditions of optimal solutions,and establish an efficient heuristic algorithm which is a generalization of several existing special algorithms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2341249,12005076,22205112)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2025201012)。
文摘The presence of a surface oxide film(B_(2)O_(3))on boron(B)particles significantly compromises their combustion efficiency and kinetic performance in fuel-rich solid propellants.This study proposes an innovative continuous modification strategy combining non-thermal plasma(NTP)etching with fluorocarbon passivation.Characterization and kinetic analysis revealed that reactive plasma species—including atomic hydrogen(H),electronically excited molecular hydrogen(H_(2)^(*)),vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen(H_(2)v),and hydrogen ions(H^(+))—dominate the reduction of B_(2)O_(3)through lowering the transition energy barrier and shifting the reaction spontaneity.Subsequent argon plasma fragmentation of C_(8)F_(18)generates fluorocarbon radicals that form conformal passivation coatings(thickness:7 nm)on purified boron surfaces.The modified boron particles exhibit 37.5℃lower exothermic peak temperature and 27.2%higher heat release(14.8 kJ/g vs.11.6 kJ/g)compared to untreated counterparts.Combustion diagnostics reveal 194%increase in maximum flame height(135.10 mm vs.46.03 mm)and 134%enhancement in flame propagation rate(4.44 cm/s vs.1.90 cm/s).This NTP-based surface engineering approach establishes a scalable pathway for developing highperformance boron-based energetic composites.
文摘The abnormal metabolic activity of the tumor can increase the oxygen consumption in tumor cells,and the poor blood perfusion often happens in tumor regions as well,which are the main reasons that result in a hypoxic situation in the tumor.A fluorescence probe,AQD,with selective response toward hypoxia was designed for the detection of hypoxic tumor cells,which was obtained by the covalent connection of a large planar conjugated fluorophore with good fluorescence stability and a N,N-dimethylaniline moiety via the azo bond.The introduction of the azo bond in AQD caused significant fluorescence emission quenching,and the probe was reduced under hypoxic conditions to release the fluorophore via breaking the azo bond,resulting in the gradual recovery of fluorescence emission.Probe AQD exhibited a remarkable fluorescence response in hypoxic conditions,high selectivity,and good biocompatibility,which was successfully used for the imaging of hypoxic tumor cells and realized the detection of hypoxic A549 cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11602105)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20160782)
文摘The constitution,structure,working principle and launching process of the wedge-shaped pneumatic launcher of an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)are described.By simplifying its physical model,two dynamic models of the UAV launch system are established based on Lagrange equation and MSC.ADAMS,respectively.The curves of the acceleration and the velocity of UAV changing with time are obtained.The simulation results are compared with the experimental results to verify the correctness of the model.Then,the influence of the parameters on the launch is explored.Finally,the system is optimized.The maximum overload and the acceleration fluctuation are reduced.
基金supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology(MoST),China under Grant No.2016YFE0127100 and 2017YFD0500705-5(HE Cheng)supported by the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology,Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences+1 种基金Supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation[No.6172019]partially funded by Taishan Scholar Project No.ts201511084
文摘Seasonal outbreaks of airsacculitis in China's poultry cause great economic losses annually.This study tried to unveil the potential role of Avian metopneumovirus(AM PV),Ornithobacterium rhinotrocheale(aRT)and Chlarnydia psittaci(CPS)in avian airsacculitis.A serological investigation of 673 breeder chickens and a case-controlled study of 430 birds were undertaken.Results showed that infection with AMPV,aRT,and CPS was highly associated with the disease.The correlation between AMPV and CPS were positively robust in both layers and broilers.Finally,we determined the co-infection with AMPV,aRT,and CPS was prevalent in the sampled poultry farms suffering from respiratory diseases and the outbreak of airsacculitis was closely related to simultaneous exposure to all three agents.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81172276,81001058,8110156,Sino-German GZ857)the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology,China(11JC1402500)
文摘BACKGROUND： Stathmin is a ubiquitous cytosolic regulatory phosphoprotein and is overexpressed in different human malignancies. The main physiological function of stathmin is to interfere with microtubule dynamics by promoting depolymerization of microtubules or by preventing polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Stathmin plays important roles in regulating many cellular functions as a result of its microtubuledestabilizing activity. Currently, the critical roles of stathmin in cancer cells, as well as in lymphocytes have been valued. This review discusses stathmin and microtubule dynamics in cancer development, and hypothesizes their possible relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT）.DATA SOURCES： A PubMed search using such terms as ＂stathmin＂, ＂microtubule dynamics＂, ＂epithelial-mesenchymal transition＂, ＂EMT＂, ＂malignant potential＂ and ＂cancer＂ was performed to identify relevant studies published in English.More than 100 related articles were reviewed.RESULTS： The literature clearly documented the relationship between stathmin and its microtubule-destabilizing activity of cancer development. However, the particular mechanism is poorly understood. Microtubule disruption is essential for EMT, which is a crucial process during cancer development. As a microtubule-destabilizing protein, stathmin may promote malignant potential in cancer cells by initiating EMT.CONCLUSIONS： We propose that there is a stathminmicrotubule dynamics-EMT（S-M-E） axis during cancer development. By this axis, stathmin together with itsmicrotubule-destabilizing activity contributes to EMT, which stimulates the malignant potential in cancer cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11472132)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central University (No. NJ20160050)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central University(No.NJ2016098)
文摘Model updating for aircraft in a high temperature environment(HTE)is proposed based on the hierarchical method.With this method,the problem can be decomposed into temperature field updating and dynamic structural updating.In order to improve the estimation accuracy,the model updating problem is turned into a multi-objective optimization problem by constructing the objective function which combined with residues of modal frequency and effective modal mass.Then the metamodeling,support vector regression(SVR)is introduced to improve the optimization efficiency,and the solution can be determined by adaptive weighted-sum method(AWS).Finally,the proposed method is tested on a finite element(FE)model of a reentry vehicle model.The results show that the multi-objective model updating method in HTE can identify the input parameters of the temperature field and structure with good accuracy.
