Although machine Learning has demonstrated exceptional applicability in thermographic inspection,precise defect reconstruction is still challenging,especially for complex defect profiles with limited defect sample div...Although machine Learning has demonstrated exceptional applicability in thermographic inspection,precise defect reconstruction is still challenging,especially for complex defect profiles with limited defect sample diversity.Thus,this paper proposes a self-enhancement defect reconstruction technique based on cycle-consistent generative adversarial network(Cycle-GAN)that accurately characterises complex defect profiles and generates reliable artificial thermal images for dataset augmentation,enhancing defect characterisation.By using a synthetic dataset from simulation and experiments,the network overcomes the limited samples problem by learning the diversity of complex defects from finite element modelling and obtaining the thermography uncertainty patterns from practical experiments.Then,an iterative strategy with a self-enhancement capability optimises the characterisation accuracy and data generation performance.The designed loss function structure with cycle consistency and identity loss constrains the GAN’s transfer variation to guarantee augmented data quality and defect reconstruction accuracy simultaneously,while the self-enhancement results significantly improve accuracy in thermal images and defect profile reconstruction.The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method by attaining high accuracy with optimal loss norm for defect profile reconstruction with a Recall score over 0.92.The scalability investigation of different materials and defect types is also discussed,highlighting its capability for diverse thermography quantification and automated inspection scenarios.展开更多
Human with bi-allelic WNT10A mutations and epithelial Wnt10a knockout mice present enlarged pulp chamber and apical displacement of the root furcation of multi-rooted teeth,known as taurodontism;thus,indicating the cr...Human with bi-allelic WNT10A mutations and epithelial Wnt10a knockout mice present enlarged pulp chamber and apical displacement of the root furcation of multi-rooted teeth,known as taurodontism;thus,indicating the critical role of Wnt10a in tooth root morphogenesis.However,the endogenous mechanism by which epithelial Wnt10a regulates Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath(HERS)cellular behaviors and contributes to root furcation patterning remains unclear.In this study,we found that HERS in the presumptive root furcating region failed to elongate at an appropriate horizontal level in K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)mice from post-natal day 0.5(PN0.5)to PN4.5.EdU assays and immunofluorescent staining of cyclin D1 revealed significantly decreased proliferation activity of inner enamel epithelial(IEE)cells of HERS in K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)mice at PN2.5 and PN3.5.Immunofluorescent staining of E-Cadherin and acetyl-α-Tubulin demonstrated that the IEE cells of HERS tended to divide perpendicularly to the horizontal plane,which impaired the horizontal extension of HERS in the presumptive root furcating region of K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)mice.RNA-seq and immunofluorescence showed that the expressions of Jag1 and Notch2 were downregulated in IEE cells of HERS in K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)mice.Furthermore,after activation of Notch signaling in K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)molars by Notch2 adenovirus and kidney capsule grafts,the root furcation defect was partially rescued.Taken together,our study demonstrates that an epithelial Wnt10a-Notch signaling axis is crucial for modulating HERS cell proper proliferation and horizontal-oriented division during tooth root furcation morphogenesis.展开更多
The goal of this study was to identify MSX1 gene variants in multiple Chinese families with nonsyndromic oligodontia and analyse the functional influence of these variants.Whole-exome sequencing(WES)and Sanger sequenc...The goal of this study was to identify MSX1 gene variants in multiple Chinese families with nonsyndromic oligodontia and analyse the functional influence of these variants.Whole-exome sequencing(WES)and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the causal gene variants in five families with nonsyndromic oligodontia,and a series of bioinformatics databases were used for variant confirmation and functional prediction.Phenotypic characterization of the members of these families was described,and an in vitro analysis was performed for functional evaluation.Five novel MSX1 heterozygous variants were identified:three missense variants[c.662A>C(p.Q221P),c.670C>T(p.R224C),and c.809C>T(p.S270L)],one nonsense variant[c.364G>T(p.G122*)],and one frameshift variant[c.277delG(p.A93Rfs*67)].Preliminary in vitro studies demonstrated that the subcellular localization of MSX1 was abnormal with the p.Q221P,p.R224C,p.G122*,and p.A93Rfs*67 variants compared to the wild type.Three variants(p.Q221P,p.G122*,and p.A93Rfs*67)were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic,while p.S270L and p.R224C were of uncertain significance in the current data.Moreover,we summarized and analysed the MSX1-related tooth agenesis positions and found that the type and variant locus were not related to the severity of tooth loss.Our results expand the variant spectrum of nonsyndromic oligodontia and provide valuable information for genetic counselling.展开更多
During manufacturing and operation, different kinds of defects, e.g., delamination or surface cracks, may be generated in the plasma-facing components (PFCs) of a Tokamak device. To ensure the safety of the PFCs, vari...During manufacturing and operation, different kinds of defects, e.g., delamination or surface cracks, may be generated in the plasma-facing components (PFCs) of a Tokamak device. To ensure the safety of the PFCs, various kinds of nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques are needed for different defect and failure mode. This paper gives a review of the recently developed ultrasonic testing (UT) and laser thermography methods for inspection of the delamination and surface cracks in PFCs. For monoblock W/Cu PFCs of divertor, the bonding quality at both W-Cu and Cu- CuCrZr interfaces was qualified by using UT with a focus probe during manufacturing. A noncontact, coupling-free and flexible ultrasonic scanning testing system with use of an electromagnetic acoustic transducer and a robotic inspection manipulator was introduced then for the in-vessel inspection of delamination defect in first wall (FW). A laser infrared thermography testing method is highlighted for the on-line inspection of delamination defect in FW through the vacuum vessel window of the Tokamak reactor. Finally, a new laser spot thermography method using laser spot array source was described for the online inspection of the surface cracks in FW.展开更多
This paper reviews the recent progress in the synthesis of near-infrared(NIR) lead chalcogenide(PbX;PbX = PbS,PbSe, PbTe) quantum dots(QDs) and their applications in NIR QDs based light emitting diodes(NIR-QLEDs). It ...This paper reviews the recent progress in the synthesis of near-infrared(NIR) lead chalcogenide(PbX;PbX = PbS,PbSe, PbTe) quantum dots(QDs) and their applications in NIR QDs based light emitting diodes(NIR-QLEDs). It summarizes the strategies of how to synthesize high efficiency PbX QDs and how to realize high performance Pb X based NIR-QLEDs.展开更多
Colloidal Pb Se nanocrystals(NCs)have gained considerable attention due to their efficient carrier multiplication and emissions across near-infrared and short-wavelength infrared spectral ranges.However,the fast degra...Colloidal Pb Se nanocrystals(NCs)have gained considerable attention due to their efficient carrier multiplication and emissions across near-infrared and short-wavelength infrared spectral ranges.However,the fast degradation of colloidal Pb Se NCs in ambient conditions hampers their widespread applications in infrared optoelectronics.It is well-known that the inorganic thick-shell over core improves the stability of NCs.Here,we present the synthesis of Pb Se/Pb S core/shell NCs showing wide spectral tunability,in which the molar ratio of lead(Pb)and sulfur(S)precursors,and the concentration of sulfur and Pb Se NCs in solvent have a significant effect on the efficient Pb S shell growth.The infrared light-emitting diodes(IR-LEDs)fabricated with the Pb Se/Pb S core/shell NCs exhibit an external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 1.3%at 1280 nm.The ligand exchange to optimize the distance between NCs and chloride treatment are important processes for achieving high performance on Pb Se/Pb S NC-LEDs.Our results provide evidence for the promising potential of Pb Se/Pb S NCs over the wide range of infrared optoelectronic applications.展开更多
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are widely used in various fields owing to their unique properties.In this study,three different types of nitrogen-doped CNT heterojunctions were constructed:parallel-doped(PCNT),vertically doped...Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are widely used in various fields owing to their unique properties.In this study,three different types of nitrogen-doped CNT heterojunctions were constructed:parallel-doped(PCNT),vertically doped(VCNT),and mesh-doped(MCNT).Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics(NEMD)simulations were conducted to investigate their heat flux and thermal rectification(TR)effects.The results show that heat flux preferentially flows from nitrogen-doped regions to undoped regions,exhibiting distinct thermal rectification behavior,with PCNT showing the most pronounced effect.Interestingly,the TR ratio of the zigzag PCNT is significantly higher than that of the armchair PCNT.Subsequently,we examined the effects of system length and diameter on the TR ratio of the PCNT and found that the TR ratio increases and then decreases with increasing model length.In addition,the effect of defect density on the heat flux of the PCNT is peculiar.The phonon density of states,phonon dispersion,participation ratio,and phonon spectral heat flux were analyzed to elucidate the thermal transport behavior of phonons in the nanotubes.This study provides insights into the development and design of nitrogen-doped CNT thermal rectifiers.展开更多
A highly pixelated and luminescent silica-coated quantum dot color filter(QDCF)was achieved by surface conjugation with epoxy functional group.Epoxy-functionalized silica-coated quantum dots(QDs)can be thoroughly mixe...A highly pixelated and luminescent silica-coated quantum dot color filter(QDCF)was achieved by surface conjugation with epoxy functional group.Epoxy-functionalized silica-coated quantum dots(QDs)can be thoroughly mixed with SU-8 photoresist up to 25 wt.%without aggregation.The quantum yield(QY)of the silica-coated QDCF can be significantly improved from 19.3%to 36.5%after epoxy treatment.The pristine QDCF experienced a 40%QY decrease,while the epoxied silica-coated QDCF maintained its luminescence even after irradiation(300 mW cm 2@450 nm)for over 25 days.The well-controlled epoxy cap plays a critical role in attaining the ideal optical properties of the QDCF.展开更多
基金supported by the UK EPSRC Platform Grant:Through-life performance:From science to instrumentation(Grant No.EP/P027121/1).
文摘Although machine Learning has demonstrated exceptional applicability in thermographic inspection,precise defect reconstruction is still challenging,especially for complex defect profiles with limited defect sample diversity.Thus,this paper proposes a self-enhancement defect reconstruction technique based on cycle-consistent generative adversarial network(Cycle-GAN)that accurately characterises complex defect profiles and generates reliable artificial thermal images for dataset augmentation,enhancing defect characterisation.By using a synthetic dataset from simulation and experiments,the network overcomes the limited samples problem by learning the diversity of complex defects from finite element modelling and obtaining the thermography uncertainty patterns from practical experiments.Then,an iterative strategy with a self-enhancement capability optimises the characterisation accuracy and data generation performance.The designed loss function structure with cycle consistency and identity loss constrains the GAN’s transfer variation to guarantee augmented data quality and defect reconstruction accuracy simultaneously,while the self-enhancement results significantly improve accuracy in thermal images and defect profile reconstruction.The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method by attaining high accuracy with optimal loss norm for defect profile reconstruction with a Recall score over 0.92.The scalability investigation of different materials and defect types is also discussed,highlighting its capability for diverse thermography quantification and automated inspection scenarios.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270944,82100976,82071076 and 81600846).
文摘Human with bi-allelic WNT10A mutations and epithelial Wnt10a knockout mice present enlarged pulp chamber and apical displacement of the root furcation of multi-rooted teeth,known as taurodontism;thus,indicating the critical role of Wnt10a in tooth root morphogenesis.However,the endogenous mechanism by which epithelial Wnt10a regulates Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath(HERS)cellular behaviors and contributes to root furcation patterning remains unclear.In this study,we found that HERS in the presumptive root furcating region failed to elongate at an appropriate horizontal level in K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)mice from post-natal day 0.5(PN0.5)to PN4.5.EdU assays and immunofluorescent staining of cyclin D1 revealed significantly decreased proliferation activity of inner enamel epithelial(IEE)cells of HERS in K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)mice at PN2.5 and PN3.5.Immunofluorescent staining of E-Cadherin and acetyl-α-Tubulin demonstrated that the IEE cells of HERS tended to divide perpendicularly to the horizontal plane,which impaired the horizontal extension of HERS in the presumptive root furcating region of K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)mice.RNA-seq and immunofluorescence showed that the expressions of Jag1 and Notch2 were downregulated in IEE cells of HERS in K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)mice.Furthermore,after activation of Notch signaling in K14-Cre;Wnt10a^(fl/fl)molars by Notch2 adenovirus and kidney capsule grafts,the root furcation defect was partially rescued.Taken together,our study demonstrates that an epithelial Wnt10a-Notch signaling axis is crucial for modulating HERS cell proper proliferation and horizontal-oriented division during tooth root furcation morphogenesis.
基金Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation Facial Project(Grant No.2021JJ30419)Changsha Science and Technology Bureau Key Project(Grant No.kh2201062)+2 种基金Hunan Provincial Key Project of Chinese Medicine Research Program(Grant No.2021017)Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Postgraduate Innovation Project(Grant No.2022CX45)Health Commission of Hunan Province 2023 Health Appropriate Technology Promotion Program(Grant No.202319019186)。
基金The Hunan Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.2021017)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2021JJ30419)+2 种基金the Education Department of Hunan Province(Grant No.20B443)the Changsha Science and Technology Plan other Science and Technology Innovation Platform Project(Grant No.kh2201062)the Hunan Graduate Scientific Research Innovation Project(Grant No.2021CX29)。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81970902,81771054,and 81600846).
文摘The goal of this study was to identify MSX1 gene variants in multiple Chinese families with nonsyndromic oligodontia and analyse the functional influence of these variants.Whole-exome sequencing(WES)and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the causal gene variants in five families with nonsyndromic oligodontia,and a series of bioinformatics databases were used for variant confirmation and functional prediction.Phenotypic characterization of the members of these families was described,and an in vitro analysis was performed for functional evaluation.Five novel MSX1 heterozygous variants were identified:three missense variants[c.662A>C(p.Q221P),c.670C>T(p.R224C),and c.809C>T(p.S270L)],one nonsense variant[c.364G>T(p.G122*)],and one frameshift variant[c.277delG(p.A93Rfs*67)].Preliminary in vitro studies demonstrated that the subcellular localization of MSX1 was abnormal with the p.Q221P,p.R224C,p.G122*,and p.A93Rfs*67 variants compared to the wild type.Three variants(p.Q221P,p.G122*,and p.A93Rfs*67)were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic,while p.S270L and p.R224C were of uncertain significance in the current data.Moreover,we summarized and analysed the MSX1-related tooth agenesis positions and found that the type and variant locus were not related to the severity of tooth loss.Our results expand the variant spectrum of nonsyndromic oligodontia and provide valuable information for genetic counselling.
基金the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Program of China(Grant 2013GB113005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants51577139 and 11502192)for funding
文摘During manufacturing and operation, different kinds of defects, e.g., delamination or surface cracks, may be generated in the plasma-facing components (PFCs) of a Tokamak device. To ensure the safety of the PFCs, various kinds of nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques are needed for different defect and failure mode. This paper gives a review of the recently developed ultrasonic testing (UT) and laser thermography methods for inspection of the delamination and surface cracks in PFCs. For monoblock W/Cu PFCs of divertor, the bonding quality at both W-Cu and Cu- CuCrZr interfaces was qualified by using UT with a focus probe during manufacturing. A noncontact, coupling-free and flexible ultrasonic scanning testing system with use of an electromagnetic acoustic transducer and a robotic inspection manipulator was introduced then for the in-vessel inspection of delamination defect in first wall (FW). A laser infrared thermography testing method is highlighted for the on-line inspection of delamination defect in FW through the vacuum vessel window of the Tokamak reactor. Finally, a new laser spot thermography method using laser spot array source was described for the online inspection of the surface cracks in FW.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program,China(Grant Nos.2016YFB0401702 and 2017YFE0120400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61875082 and 61405089)+6 种基金the Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting,China(Grant No.2017KSYS007)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong,China(Grant No.2017B030306010)the Guangdong Province’s 2018–2019 Key R&D Program:Environmentally Friendly Quantum Dots Luminescent Materials,China(Grant No.2019B010924001)the Shenzhen Innovation Project,China(Grant Nos.JCYJ20160301113356947 and JSGG20170823160757004)the Shenzhen Peacock Team Project,China(Grant No.KQTD2016030111203005)the Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting,China(Grant No.ZDSYS201707281632549)the Tianjin New Materials Science and Technology Key Project,China(Grant No.16ZXCLGX00040)
文摘This paper reviews the recent progress in the synthesis of near-infrared(NIR) lead chalcogenide(PbX;PbX = PbS,PbSe, PbTe) quantum dots(QDs) and their applications in NIR QDs based light emitting diodes(NIR-QLEDs). It summarizes the strategies of how to synthesize high efficiency PbX QDs and how to realize high performance Pb X based NIR-QLEDs.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0401702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61674074 and 61405089)+6 种基金Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen Project,China(Grant No.[2017]1395)Shenzhen Peacock Team Project,China(Grant No.KQTD2016030111203005)Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting,China(Grant No.ZDSYS201707281632549)Guangdong Province’s Key R&D Program:Micro-LED Display and Ultra-high Brightness Micro-display Technology,China(Grant No.2019B010925001)Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting,China(Grant No.2017KSYS007)Distinguished Young Scholar of National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong,China(Grant No.2017B030306010)the start-up fund from Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,China
文摘Colloidal Pb Se nanocrystals(NCs)have gained considerable attention due to their efficient carrier multiplication and emissions across near-infrared and short-wavelength infrared spectral ranges.However,the fast degradation of colloidal Pb Se NCs in ambient conditions hampers their widespread applications in infrared optoelectronics.It is well-known that the inorganic thick-shell over core improves the stability of NCs.Here,we present the synthesis of Pb Se/Pb S core/shell NCs showing wide spectral tunability,in which the molar ratio of lead(Pb)and sulfur(S)precursors,and the concentration of sulfur and Pb Se NCs in solvent have a significant effect on the efficient Pb S shell growth.The infrared light-emitting diodes(IR-LEDs)fabricated with the Pb Se/Pb S core/shell NCs exhibit an external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 1.3%at 1280 nm.The ligand exchange to optimize the distance between NCs and chloride treatment are important processes for achieving high performance on Pb Se/Pb S NC-LEDs.Our results provide evidence for the promising potential of Pb Se/Pb S NCs over the wide range of infrared optoelectronic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52476071)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.A2024502008).
文摘Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are widely used in various fields owing to their unique properties.In this study,three different types of nitrogen-doped CNT heterojunctions were constructed:parallel-doped(PCNT),vertically doped(VCNT),and mesh-doped(MCNT).Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics(NEMD)simulations were conducted to investigate their heat flux and thermal rectification(TR)effects.The results show that heat flux preferentially flows from nitrogen-doped regions to undoped regions,exhibiting distinct thermal rectification behavior,with PCNT showing the most pronounced effect.Interestingly,the TR ratio of the zigzag PCNT is significantly higher than that of the armchair PCNT.Subsequently,we examined the effects of system length and diameter on the TR ratio of the PCNT and found that the TR ratio increases and then decreases with increasing model length.In addition,the effect of defect density on the heat flux of the PCNT is peculiar.The phonon density of states,phonon dispersion,participation ratio,and phonon spectral heat flux were analyzed to elucidate the thermal transport behavior of phonons in the nanotubes.This study provides insights into the development and design of nitrogen-doped CNT thermal rectifiers.
基金the CNRS through the MITI interdisciplinary programs (Action MITI: Nouveaux Materiaux 2020 and 2021)financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3602903, 2021YFB3602703, and 2022YFB3606504)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62204107 and 12204229)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2022A1515011614)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20220818100411025)Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting (ZDSYS201707281632549)Pingshan District Innovation Platform Project of Shenzhen Hi-tech Zone Development Special Plan in 2022 (29853M-KCJ-2023-002-01)。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China administrated by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFB0401702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61674074,61704072 and61405089)+11 种基金Shenzhen Innovation Project(JCYJ20160301113537474)Shenzhen Basic Research Project(JCYJ20170817112012493)Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen Project([2017]1395)Shenzhen Peacock Team Project(KQTD2016030111203005)Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting(ZDSYS201707281632549)Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting(2017KSYS007)Distinguished Young Scholar of National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong(2017B030306010)Tianjin Zhonghuan Quantum Tech Co.,Ltd.(18YFZCGX00580)the start-up fund from Southern University of Science and Technologysupported by the Pico Center at SUSTech that received support from Presidential fundDevelopment and Reform Commission of Shenzhen MunicipalityChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant(2018M631443)
文摘A highly pixelated and luminescent silica-coated quantum dot color filter(QDCF)was achieved by surface conjugation with epoxy functional group.Epoxy-functionalized silica-coated quantum dots(QDs)can be thoroughly mixed with SU-8 photoresist up to 25 wt.%without aggregation.The quantum yield(QY)of the silica-coated QDCF can be significantly improved from 19.3%to 36.5%after epoxy treatment.The pristine QDCF experienced a 40%QY decrease,while the epoxied silica-coated QDCF maintained its luminescence even after irradiation(300 mW cm 2@450 nm)for over 25 days.The well-controlled epoxy cap plays a critical role in attaining the ideal optical properties of the QDCF.
