Asteroids and comets,which have long been of interest to astronomers,are important components of the solar system.They contain rich primitive information about the early solar system,which provide a unique pathway for...Asteroids and comets,which have long been of interest to astronomers,are important components of the solar system.They contain rich primitive information about the early solar system,which provide a unique pathway for studying the formation and evolution of the solar system,and even the origin of life on planet Earth.In this review,the formation,evolution processes and the internal characteristics of the asteroids and comets in the solar system are presented.The focus of this review is on the internal characteristics especially the dielectric properties of asteroids and comets by radar observations.On this basis,the possible internal structure of these celestial bodies is discussed.Combined with the existing theories,simulations and experiments,the possible internal structure of near-Earth asteroid 2016 HO_(3) is a monolith while structure of active asteroid 311P/PANSTARRS remains unknown.In 2025,China will launch Tianwen-2 asteroid-comet exploration mission to detect 2016 HO_(3) and 311P/PANSTARRS,which will carry a penetrating radar to observe the internal characteristics of these two objects.展开更多
Multi-drug(or multi-element)combinations are often prescribed in the practice of clinical medicine and as foods for special medical purposes.The main motivations for these combinations are that most diseases contain m...Multi-drug(or multi-element)combinations are often prescribed in the practice of clinical medicine and as foods for special medical purposes.The main motivations for these combinations are that most diseases contain multiple related targets and an appropriate combination can maximize benefits while minimizing adverse reactions.As such,it is especially important to derive mathematical models for their quantitative calculation.In this paper,we introduce mathematical rules for the synergistic,additive,and antagonistic effects of multi-drug combinations developed in our laboratory.We have established a“onebelt,one-line”model and provide examples of the quantitative calculation of the synergistic,additive,and antagonistic effects of a combination of multiple components.We also explain how to scientifically and precisely determine the intensity of these synergies,additions and antagonisms,as well as their corresponding dose ranges,thereby laying a solid theoretical foundation for market listing combinatorial drugs and foods for special medical purposes.展开更多
The microstructural modification for cellular structures can achieve the improvement of dynamic me-chanical properties of a selective laser melted FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)high-entropy alloy(SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA)and can exp...The microstructural modification for cellular structures can achieve the improvement of dynamic me-chanical properties of a selective laser melted FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)high-entropy alloy(SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA)and can expand its promising applications in the field of high-velocity deformation.In this work,FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEAs with cellular structures in different sizes were produced by selective laser melt-ing(SLM)with different process parameters.The dynamic mechanical properties and microstructure of the SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA were studied.The dynamic mechanical properties of the SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA increased with decrease of average size of cellular structures,and the values of them were sensitive to strain rates.The energy absorption,compressive strength and yield strength of the SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEAs reached 315.6 MJ/m^(3),2.2 GPa and 775.6 MPa,respectively at a strain rate of 2,420 s^(−1),under the process parameters of laser power and scanning speed of 330 W and 800 mm/s,respectively,where the corresponding average size of cellular structures in the HEAs was 483.6 nm.The value of strain-hardening rate of the SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA was about 5.1 GPa at a strain level of 0.1,which was much higher than that of the powder-metallurgy FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA.The cellular structure was formed inside the molten pool with segregation of Mo on the boundary.Deformation localization appeared in the cellular structures,forming several deformation bands after high strain-rate deformation.The elemental segre-gation strengthening and dislocation strengthening are considered to be the main strengthening mecha-nisms in SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA.展开更多
Carbon nanofiber-based supercapacitors have broad prospects in powering wearable electronics owing to their high specific capacity,fast charge/discharge process,along with long-cycling life.Herein,a poly(ac rylo n it ...Carbon nanofiber-based supercapacitors have broad prospects in powering wearable electronics owing to their high specific capacity,fast charge/discharge process,along with long-cycling life.Herein,a poly(ac rylo n it rile-co-β-methyl hydrogen itaconate) copolymer was prepared and used to synthesize flexible hollow carbon nanofibers(HCNFs) via an electrospinning method without breaking after multiple bending.Subsequently,the inner and outer surfaces of HCNFs were evenly covered with ordered needlelike polyaniline(PANI) through in-situ polymerization methods to obtain three-dimensional flexible HCNFs/PANI composites,which exhibited a high capacity 1196.7 F/g at 1 A/g and good cycling stability(90.1% retention at 5 A/g after 3000 cycles).The symmetrical supercapacitor based on the HCNFs/PANI composites also delive red an outsta nding electrochemical performance with high energy/power density(60.28 Wh/kg at 1000 W/kg) and superior cycling durability(90% capacitance retention after at 5 A/g3000 cycles),which confirmed that the HCNFs/PANI composites had a wide application potential in flexible energy storage devices.展开更多
Purpose: Oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR) is a robust and widely used animal model for the study of retinal neovascularization(NV). Dextran perfusion and Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4(GSI-B4) staining are two co...Purpose: Oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR) is a robust and widely used animal model for the study of retinal neovascularization(NV). Dextran perfusion and Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4(GSI-B4) staining are two common methods for examining the occurrence and extent of OIR. This study provides a quantitative comparison of the two for OIR detection.Methods: At postnatal day 7(PN7), fifteen C57 BL / 6J mice were exposed to a 75% hyperoxic condition for 5 days and then returned to room air conditions. At PN17, the mice received intravitreal injection of GSI-B4 Alexa Fluor 568 conjugate. After 10 hours, they were infused with FITC-dextran conjugate via the left ventricle. Retinal flat mounts were photographed by confocal microscopy. Areas with fluorescent signals and the total retinal areas were quantified by Image J software.Results:Both GSI-B4 and dextran detected the peripheral neovascular area. The mean hyper fluorescence area was 0.33 ±0.14% of whole retinal area determined by GSI-B4 staining and 0.25±0.28% determined by dextran perfusion. The difference between the two measures was 0.08%(95% CI:-0.59%,0.43%)..The Pearson correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.386,P =0.035..The mean coincidence rates were 14.3 ±13.4% and 24.9 ±18.5% for GSI-B4 and dextran staining, respectively.Conclusion:.Both methods can complement each other indemonstrating and quantitatively evaluating retinal NV. A poor agreement was found between the two methods;.GSI-B4 isolectin was more effective than FITC-dextran perfusion in evaluating the extent of retinal NV in a mouse model of OIR.展开更多
Bismuth oxyhalide(BiOCl)holds promising potential as the anode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its high theoretical capacity and unique layered structure.However,its practical applications are hindered by challen...Bismuth oxyhalide(BiOCl)holds promising potential as the anode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its high theoretical capacity and unique layered structure.However,its practical applications are hindered by challenges such as large volume variations during cycling,the ambiguous Na^(+)-storage mechanism,and complex synthesis methods.Here,we present a facile and scalable strategy to fabricate a high-performance BiOCl nanosheets anode for SIBs.Through comprehensive in-situ and ex-situ microscopic characterizations and electrochemical analysis,we reveal that the sodiation/desodiation process of the BiOCl nanosheets anode leads to the formation of metallic Bi and Na_(3)OCl.The metallic Bi acts as an active material for Na^(+)storage in subsequent cycles,while the formed Na_(3)OCl enhances the stability of the solidelectrolyte interphase(SEI)layer and facilitates Na^(+)transport.Additionally,the metallic Bi gradually transforms into a nanoporous structure during cycling,improving Na^(+)transport and mitigating volume variations.As a result,the BiOCl nanosheets anode exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance,with impressive rate capability and cycling stability.Furthermore,full cells paired with the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)cathode and pre-cycled BiOCl nanosheets anode also demonstrate a superior rate and cycling performance.This work offers valuable insight into the development of highperformance anodes for advanced SIBs.展开更多
Single-atom nanozymes(SANzymes)with multi-mimetic activities capable of altering the cellular redox balance demonstrate significant potential in tumor therapy.However,the catalytic treatment provided by SANzymes alone...Single-atom nanozymes(SANzymes)with multi-mimetic activities capable of altering the cellular redox balance demonstrate significant potential in tumor therapy.However,the catalytic treatment provided by SANzymes alone is insufficient to achieve optimal outcomes.Therefore,the combination of nanozyme catalysis with drug therapy is considered a promising alternative.Nonetheless,the leakage of drug molecules is a primary cause of chemotherapy resistance in cancer treatment.Consequently,developing novel drug immobilization methods to attach them to SANzymes is expected to enable multimodal synergistic therapy.Herein,a multifunctional nanoplatform is designed by modifying bioinspired PDA on iron-based SANzyme(Fe SANzyme)and immobilizing doxorubicin(DOX)through Michael addition/Schiff base reaction,which greatly promotes the drug loading efficiency.The Fe SAN-PDA@DOX@HA displays controllable drugs release behavior in the tumor microenvironment(TME),where the Fe SAN-PDA nanozyme can catalyze high level of H_(2)O_(2)to produce oxygen to alleviate hypoxia,convert H_(2)O_(2)to the toxic reactive oxygen species(ROS),and deplete intracellular glutathione via the catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and glutathione oxidase(GSHOx)-like activities,respectively.The high drug loading,exceptional nanozyme catalysis,combined with the good photothermal performance of Fe SAN-PDA,resulted in sustained chemodynamic/photothermal/chemotherapy in a mouse mammary carcinoma model.The results reveal the synergistic antitumor potential of the novel conjugation of DOX on Fe SANzyme via PDA,offering a strategy for drug immobilization,TME remodeling and synergistic multimodal therapy.展开更多
Silicon(Si)-based solid-state batteries(Si-SSBs)are attracting tremendous attention because of their high energy density and unprecedented safety,making them become promising candidates for next-generation energy stor...Silicon(Si)-based solid-state batteries(Si-SSBs)are attracting tremendous attention because of their high energy density and unprecedented safety,making them become promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems.Nevertheless,the commercialization of Si-SSBs is significantly impeded by enormous challenges including large volume variation,severe interfacial problems,elusive fundamental mechanisms,and unsatisfied electrochemical performance.Besides,some unknown electrochemical processes in Si-based anode,solid-state electrolytes(SSEs),and Si-based anode/SSE interfaces are still needed to be explored,while an in-depth understanding of solid–solid interfacial chemistry is insufficient in Si-SSBs.This review aims to summarize the current scientific and technological advances and insights into tackling challenges to promote the deployment of Si-SSBs.First,the differences between various conventional liquid electrolyte-dominated Si-based lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with Si-SSBs are discussed.Subsequently,the interfacial mechanical contact model,chemical reaction properties,and charge transfer kinetics(mechanical–chemical kinetics)between Si-based anode and three different SSEs(inorganic(oxides)SSEs,organic–inorganic composite SSEs,and inorganic(sulfides)SSEs)are systemically reviewed,respectively.Moreover,the progress for promising inorganic(sulfides)SSE-based Si-SSBs on the aspects of electrode constitution,three-dimensional structured electrodes,and external stack pressure is highlighted,respectively.Finally,future research directions and prospects in the development of Si-SSBs are proposed.展开更多
In computer graphics, various processing operations are applied to 3D triangle meshes and these processes often involve distortions, which affect the visual quality of surface geometry. In this context, perceptual qua...In computer graphics, various processing operations are applied to 3D triangle meshes and these processes often involve distortions, which affect the visual quality of surface geometry. In this context, perceptual quality assessment of 3D triangle meshes has become a crucial issue. In this paper, we propose a new objective quality metric for assessing the visual difference between a reference mesh and a corresponding distorted mesh. Our analysis indicates that the overall quality of a distorted mesh is sensitive to the distortion distribution. The proposed metric is based on a spatial pooling strategy and statistical descriptors of the dis- tortion distribution. We generate a perceptual distortion map for vertices in the reference mesh while taking into account the visual masking effect of the human visual system. The proposed metric extracts statistical descriptors from the dis- tortion map as the feature vector to represent the overall mesh quality. With the feature vector as input, we adopt a support vector regression model to predict the mesh quality score. We validate the performance of our method with three publicly available databases, and the comparison with state-of-the-art metrics demonstrates the superiority of our method. Experimental results show that our proposed method achieves a high correlation between objective assessment and subjective scores.展开更多
Optical aberrations degrade the performance of fluorescence microscopy.Conventional adaptive optics(AO)leverages specific devices,such as the Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor and deformable mirror,to measure and corre...Optical aberrations degrade the performance of fluorescence microscopy.Conventional adaptive optics(AO)leverages specific devices,such as the Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor and deformable mirror,to measure and correct optical aberrations.However,conventional AO requires either additional hardware or a more complicated imaging procedure,resulting in higher cost or a lower acquisition speed.In this study,we proposed a novel space-frequency encoding network(SFE-Net)that can directly estimate the aberrated point spread functions(PSFs)from biological images,enabling fast optical aberration estimation with high accuracy without engaging extra optics and image acquisition.We showed that with the estimated PSFs,the optical aberration can be computationally removed by the deconvolution algorithm.Furthermore,to fully exploit the benefits of SFE-Net,we incorporated the estimated PSF with neural network architecture design to devise an aberration-aware deeplearning super-resolution model,dubbed SFT-DFCAN.We demonstrated that the combination of SFE-Net and SFT-DFCAN enables instant digital AO and optical aberration-aware super-resolution reconstruction for live-cell imaging.展开更多
This paper proposed a precast concrete pavement structure with the composite base layer comprised of the concrete beam and the filling low strength materials(B-PCP).The mechanical responses of the B-PCP induced by mov...This paper proposed a precast concrete pavement structure with the composite base layer comprised of the concrete beam and the filling low strength materials(B-PCP).The mechanical responses of the B-PCP induced by moving wheel loads coupled with temperature loads were analysed using the finite element method.Then the optimal geometry of the concrete beam was determined based on the sensitivity analysis,considering the tensile stress of both the slab and the beam of the base layer,the slab curling,and the faulting.Furthermore,the performance evaluation of the B-PCP was conducted by the numerical analysis and the scale experiment testing,respectively.The results showed that the optical concrete beam was 0.81.0 m wide and 0.20.3 m thick.The numerical results showed that the optimal B-PCP structure had a good fatigue resistance performance,and the corresponding slab curling decreased by almost 40%compared with that of the traditional precast concrete pavement.Meanwhile,the scale experiment testing verified that the optimal B-PCP structure exhibited an excellent ability to resist the deformation.The results also showed that the bearing capacity of the optimal B-PCP structure was larger than 350kN,indicating a good bearing capacity.展开更多
Objective:To use bioinformatics analysis and in vitro and in vivo experiments to study the biological role of ALKBH3 in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods:Bioinformatics analysis of ALKBH3 was performed using databases.ALKBH...Objective:To use bioinformatics analysis and in vitro and in vivo experiments to study the biological role of ALKBH3 in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods:Bioinformatics analysis of ALKBH3 was performed using databases.ALKBH3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent tissues was detected by qPCR(quantitative polymerase chain reaction),western blotting,and immunohistochemistry.Stable transformed A549 cells with low expression of ALKBH3 were constructed.The effects of knockdown of ALKBH3 on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were detected by CCK-8,cell scratch,and transwell invasion assays,respectively.The effects of ALKBH3 on the proliferation of A549 cells in vivo were detected using subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice.Results:Bioinformatics analysis showed that ALKBH3 has diagnostic value in tumors such as lung adenocarcinoma,the expression of ALKBH3 is related to immune cell infiltration,ALKBH3 interacts with ASCC family molecules,and ALKBH3 is involved in the demethylation of DNA and RNA.The expression of ALKBH3 in lung adenocarcinoma was higher than that in adjacent tissues(P<0.05).CCK-8,wound healing and transwell assays showed that ALKBH3 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of A549 cells in vitro(P<0.01).ALKBH3 knockdown also significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice(P<0.01).Conclusions:ALKBH3 is a potential diagnostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma.Results in vivo and in vitro showed that knocking down ALKBH3 could inhibit the proliferation,migration,invasion,and subcutaneous tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.展开更多
Detection noise significantly degrades the quality of structured illumination microscopy(SIM)images,especially under low-light conditions.Although supervised learning based denoising methods have shown prominent advan...Detection noise significantly degrades the quality of structured illumination microscopy(SIM)images,especially under low-light conditions.Although supervised learning based denoising methods have shown prominent advances in eliminating the noise-induced artifacts,the requirement of a large amount of high-quality training data severely limits their applications.Here we developed a pixel-realignmentbased self-supervised denoising framework for SIM(PRS-SIM)that trains an SIM image denoiser with only noisy data and substantially removes the reconstruction artifacts.We demonstrated that PRS-SIM generates artifact-free images with 20-fold less fluorescence than ordinary imaging conditions while achieving comparable super-resolution capability to the ground truth(GT).Moreover,we developed an easy-to-use plugin that enables both training and implementation of PRS-SIM for multimodal SIM platforms including 2D/3D and linear/nonlinear SIM.With PRS-SIM,we achieved longterm super-resolution live-cell imaging of various vulnerable bioprocesses,revealing the clustered distribution of Clathrin-coated pits and detailed interaction dynamics of multiple organelles and the cytoskeleton.展开更多
Particle entrainment is an inevitable phenomenon in pipeline systems,especially during the development and extraction phases of oil and gas wells.Accurately predicting the critical velocity for particle transport is a...Particle entrainment is an inevitable phenomenon in pipeline systems,especially during the development and extraction phases of oil and gas wells.Accurately predicting the critical velocity for particle transport is a key focus for implementing effective sand control management.This work presents a semi-supervised learning–deep hybrid kernel extreme learning machine(SSL-DHKELM)model for predicting the critical velocity,which integrates multiple machine learning theories including the deep learning approach,which is adept at advanced feature extraction.Meanwhile,the SSL framework enhances the model's capabilities when data availability is limited.An improved slime mould algorithm is also employed to optimize the model's hyperparameters.The proposed model has high accuracy on both the sample dataset and out-of-sample data.When trained with only 10%of the data,the model's error still did not increase significantly.Additionally,this model achieves superior predictive accuracy compared to existing mechanistic models,demonstrating its impressive performance and robustness.展开更多
Flexible perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have drawn increasing attention due to their promising applications for wearable electronics and aerospace applications.However,the efficiency and stability of flexible PSCs still ...Flexible perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have drawn increasing attention due to their promising applications for wearable electronics and aerospace applications.However,the efficiency and stability of flexible PSCs still lag behind their rigid counterparts.Here,we use N,N-dimethyl acrylamide(DMAA)to in situ synthesize cross-linking polymer for flexible Sn–Pb mixed PSCs.DMAA can gather at grain boundary as a scaffold to regulate the crystallization of perovskite and reduce defects.The rigid and flexible Sn–Pb mixed PSCs showed efficiencies of 16.44%and 15.44%,respectively.In addition,the flexible Sn–Pb mixed PSCs demonstrated excellent bending durability,which retained over 80%of the original efficiency after 5000 bending cycles at a radius of 5 mm.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12473063,12461160265,and 62227901)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(Grant No.20231121103211001)+5 种基金the Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.LDSE202005)the Shenzhen University 2035 Program for Excellent Research(Grant No.2024C009)China National University Student Innovation&Entrepreneurship Development Program(No.202410590011)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2024A1515011275)the Shenzhen Municipal Government Investment Project(No.2106_440300_04_03_901272)the team“Searching For Subglacial Water On Mars With Orbiting Ground Penetrating Radars”of the International Space Science Institute(ISSI).
文摘Asteroids and comets,which have long been of interest to astronomers,are important components of the solar system.They contain rich primitive information about the early solar system,which provide a unique pathway for studying the formation and evolution of the solar system,and even the origin of life on planet Earth.In this review,the formation,evolution processes and the internal characteristics of the asteroids and comets in the solar system are presented.The focus of this review is on the internal characteristics especially the dielectric properties of asteroids and comets by radar observations.On this basis,the possible internal structure of these celestial bodies is discussed.Combined with the existing theories,simulations and experiments,the possible internal structure of near-Earth asteroid 2016 HO_(3) is a monolith while structure of active asteroid 311P/PANSTARRS remains unknown.In 2025,China will launch Tianwen-2 asteroid-comet exploration mission to detect 2016 HO_(3) and 311P/PANSTARRS,which will carry a penetrating radar to observe the internal characteristics of these two objects.
文摘Multi-drug(or multi-element)combinations are often prescribed in the practice of clinical medicine and as foods for special medical purposes.The main motivations for these combinations are that most diseases contain multiple related targets and an appropriate combination can maximize benefits while minimizing adverse reactions.As such,it is especially important to derive mathematical models for their quantitative calculation.In this paper,we introduce mathematical rules for the synergistic,additive,and antagonistic effects of multi-drug combinations developed in our laboratory.We have established a“onebelt,one-line”model and provide examples of the quantitative calculation of the synergistic,additive,and antagonistic effects of a combination of multiple components.We also explain how to scientifically and precisely determine the intensity of these synergies,additions and antagonisms,as well as their corresponding dose ranges,thereby laying a solid theoretical foundation for market listing combinatorial drugs and foods for special medical purposes.
基金The present work was financially supported by the National Natural Science of China(No.52020105013)by the State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy(No.62102172).
文摘The microstructural modification for cellular structures can achieve the improvement of dynamic me-chanical properties of a selective laser melted FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)high-entropy alloy(SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA)and can expand its promising applications in the field of high-velocity deformation.In this work,FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEAs with cellular structures in different sizes were produced by selective laser melt-ing(SLM)with different process parameters.The dynamic mechanical properties and microstructure of the SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA were studied.The dynamic mechanical properties of the SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA increased with decrease of average size of cellular structures,and the values of them were sensitive to strain rates.The energy absorption,compressive strength and yield strength of the SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEAs reached 315.6 MJ/m^(3),2.2 GPa and 775.6 MPa,respectively at a strain rate of 2,420 s^(−1),under the process parameters of laser power and scanning speed of 330 W and 800 mm/s,respectively,where the corresponding average size of cellular structures in the HEAs was 483.6 nm.The value of strain-hardening rate of the SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA was about 5.1 GPa at a strain level of 0.1,which was much higher than that of the powder-metallurgy FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA.The cellular structure was formed inside the molten pool with segregation of Mo on the boundary.Deformation localization appeared in the cellular structures,forming several deformation bands after high strain-rate deformation.The elemental segre-gation strengthening and dislocation strengthening are considered to be the main strengthening mecha-nisms in SLM-FeCoNiCrMo_(0.2)HEA.
基金supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2232019A3-11)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51503086)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No.LQ19E030014)Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province (No.MTC2019-13)。
文摘Carbon nanofiber-based supercapacitors have broad prospects in powering wearable electronics owing to their high specific capacity,fast charge/discharge process,along with long-cycling life.Herein,a poly(ac rylo n it rile-co-β-methyl hydrogen itaconate) copolymer was prepared and used to synthesize flexible hollow carbon nanofibers(HCNFs) via an electrospinning method without breaking after multiple bending.Subsequently,the inner and outer surfaces of HCNFs were evenly covered with ordered needlelike polyaniline(PANI) through in-situ polymerization methods to obtain three-dimensional flexible HCNFs/PANI composites,which exhibited a high capacity 1196.7 F/g at 1 A/g and good cycling stability(90.1% retention at 5 A/g after 3000 cycles).The symmetrical supercapacitor based on the HCNFs/PANI composites also delive red an outsta nding electrochemical performance with high energy/power density(60.28 Wh/kg at 1000 W/kg) and superior cycling durability(90% capacitance retention after at 5 A/g3000 cycles),which confirmed that the HCNFs/PANI composites had a wide application potential in flexible energy storage devices.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(30901646 and 81170853)Guangdong Science and Technology Project(2011B031300013)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Shantou City,China(2009-70)Joint Shantou International Eye Center Research and Development Fund(09-012 and 09-013)
文摘Purpose: Oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR) is a robust and widely used animal model for the study of retinal neovascularization(NV). Dextran perfusion and Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4(GSI-B4) staining are two common methods for examining the occurrence and extent of OIR. This study provides a quantitative comparison of the two for OIR detection.Methods: At postnatal day 7(PN7), fifteen C57 BL / 6J mice were exposed to a 75% hyperoxic condition for 5 days and then returned to room air conditions. At PN17, the mice received intravitreal injection of GSI-B4 Alexa Fluor 568 conjugate. After 10 hours, they were infused with FITC-dextran conjugate via the left ventricle. Retinal flat mounts were photographed by confocal microscopy. Areas with fluorescent signals and the total retinal areas were quantified by Image J software.Results:Both GSI-B4 and dextran detected the peripheral neovascular area. The mean hyper fluorescence area was 0.33 ±0.14% of whole retinal area determined by GSI-B4 staining and 0.25±0.28% determined by dextran perfusion. The difference between the two measures was 0.08%(95% CI:-0.59%,0.43%)..The Pearson correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.386,P =0.035..The mean coincidence rates were 14.3 ±13.4% and 24.9 ±18.5% for GSI-B4 and dextran staining, respectively.Conclusion:.Both methods can complement each other indemonstrating and quantitatively evaluating retinal NV. A poor agreement was found between the two methods;.GSI-B4 isolectin was more effective than FITC-dextran perfusion in evaluating the extent of retinal NV in a mouse model of OIR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52122211 and 52072323)the Frontier Exploration Projects of Longmen Laboratory(LMQYTSKT008)+2 种基金the Shenzhen Technical Plan Project(JCYJ20220818101003008)the“Double-First Class”Foundation of Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing Discipline at Xiamen Universitythe support of the Nanqiang Young Top-notch Talent Fellowship at Xiamen University.
文摘Bismuth oxyhalide(BiOCl)holds promising potential as the anode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its high theoretical capacity and unique layered structure.However,its practical applications are hindered by challenges such as large volume variations during cycling,the ambiguous Na^(+)-storage mechanism,and complex synthesis methods.Here,we present a facile and scalable strategy to fabricate a high-performance BiOCl nanosheets anode for SIBs.Through comprehensive in-situ and ex-situ microscopic characterizations and electrochemical analysis,we reveal that the sodiation/desodiation process of the BiOCl nanosheets anode leads to the formation of metallic Bi and Na_(3)OCl.The metallic Bi acts as an active material for Na^(+)storage in subsequent cycles,while the formed Na_(3)OCl enhances the stability of the solidelectrolyte interphase(SEI)layer and facilitates Na^(+)transport.Additionally,the metallic Bi gradually transforms into a nanoporous structure during cycling,improving Na^(+)transport and mitigating volume variations.As a result,the BiOCl nanosheets anode exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance,with impressive rate capability and cycling stability.Furthermore,full cells paired with the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)cathode and pre-cycled BiOCl nanosheets anode also demonstrate a superior rate and cycling performance.This work offers valuable insight into the development of highperformance anodes for advanced SIBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22274047,21974042,22274048)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(18A010)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province(2021JJ30012)the Hubei Science and Technology Program(2022CFB781)the Innovation Team of Hubei University of Science and Technology(2023T13)。
文摘Single-atom nanozymes(SANzymes)with multi-mimetic activities capable of altering the cellular redox balance demonstrate significant potential in tumor therapy.However,the catalytic treatment provided by SANzymes alone is insufficient to achieve optimal outcomes.Therefore,the combination of nanozyme catalysis with drug therapy is considered a promising alternative.Nonetheless,the leakage of drug molecules is a primary cause of chemotherapy resistance in cancer treatment.Consequently,developing novel drug immobilization methods to attach them to SANzymes is expected to enable multimodal synergistic therapy.Herein,a multifunctional nanoplatform is designed by modifying bioinspired PDA on iron-based SANzyme(Fe SANzyme)and immobilizing doxorubicin(DOX)through Michael addition/Schiff base reaction,which greatly promotes the drug loading efficiency.The Fe SAN-PDA@DOX@HA displays controllable drugs release behavior in the tumor microenvironment(TME),where the Fe SAN-PDA nanozyme can catalyze high level of H_(2)O_(2)to produce oxygen to alleviate hypoxia,convert H_(2)O_(2)to the toxic reactive oxygen species(ROS),and deplete intracellular glutathione via the catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and glutathione oxidase(GSHOx)-like activities,respectively.The high drug loading,exceptional nanozyme catalysis,combined with the good photothermal performance of Fe SAN-PDA,resulted in sustained chemodynamic/photothermal/chemotherapy in a mouse mammary carcinoma model.The results reveal the synergistic antitumor potential of the novel conjugation of DOX on Fe SANzyme via PDA,offering a strategy for drug immobilization,TME remodeling and synergistic multimodal therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.52072323,52122211 and 21875155)the State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources(Grant No.LAPS22005)+3 种基金the Frontier Exploration Projects of Longmen Laboratory(Grant No.LMQYTSKT008)the Shenzhen Technical Plan Project(No.JCYJ20220818101003008)the support of High-Tech Industrialization Project of Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory(Grant No.RD2021010101)the“Double-First Class”Foundation of Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing Discipline of Xiamen University.L.Zhang and Q.Zhang acknowledge the support of the Nanqiang Young Top-notch Talent Fellowship at Xiamen University.
文摘Silicon(Si)-based solid-state batteries(Si-SSBs)are attracting tremendous attention because of their high energy density and unprecedented safety,making them become promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems.Nevertheless,the commercialization of Si-SSBs is significantly impeded by enormous challenges including large volume variation,severe interfacial problems,elusive fundamental mechanisms,and unsatisfied electrochemical performance.Besides,some unknown electrochemical processes in Si-based anode,solid-state electrolytes(SSEs),and Si-based anode/SSE interfaces are still needed to be explored,while an in-depth understanding of solid–solid interfacial chemistry is insufficient in Si-SSBs.This review aims to summarize the current scientific and technological advances and insights into tackling challenges to promote the deployment of Si-SSBs.First,the differences between various conventional liquid electrolyte-dominated Si-based lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with Si-SSBs are discussed.Subsequently,the interfacial mechanical contact model,chemical reaction properties,and charge transfer kinetics(mechanical–chemical kinetics)between Si-based anode and three different SSEs(inorganic(oxides)SSEs,organic–inorganic composite SSEs,and inorganic(sulfides)SSEs)are systemically reviewed,respectively.Moreover,the progress for promising inorganic(sulfides)SSE-based Si-SSBs on the aspects of electrode constitution,three-dimensional structured electrodes,and external stack pressure is highlighted,respectively.Finally,future research directions and prospects in the development of Si-SSBs are proposed.
文摘In computer graphics, various processing operations are applied to 3D triangle meshes and these processes often involve distortions, which affect the visual quality of surface geometry. In this context, perceptual quality assessment of 3D triangle meshes has become a crucial issue. In this paper, we propose a new objective quality metric for assessing the visual difference between a reference mesh and a corresponding distorted mesh. Our analysis indicates that the overall quality of a distorted mesh is sensitive to the distortion distribution. The proposed metric is based on a spatial pooling strategy and statistical descriptors of the dis- tortion distribution. We generate a perceptual distortion map for vertices in the reference mesh while taking into account the visual masking effect of the human visual system. The proposed metric extracts statistical descriptors from the dis- tortion map as the feature vector to represent the overall mesh quality. With the feature vector as input, we adopt a support vector regression model to predict the mesh quality score. We validate the performance of our method with three publicly available databases, and the comparison with state-of-the-art metrics demonstrates the superiority of our method. Experimental results show that our proposed method achieves a high correlation between objective assessment and subjective scores.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970659,32125024)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1300303)+3 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences(YSBR-076,ZDBS-LY-SM004)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721842,2023T160365)Tsinghua University(2022SM035)New Cornerstone Science Foundation。
文摘Optical aberrations degrade the performance of fluorescence microscopy.Conventional adaptive optics(AO)leverages specific devices,such as the Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor and deformable mirror,to measure and correct optical aberrations.However,conventional AO requires either additional hardware or a more complicated imaging procedure,resulting in higher cost or a lower acquisition speed.In this study,we proposed a novel space-frequency encoding network(SFE-Net)that can directly estimate the aberrated point spread functions(PSFs)from biological images,enabling fast optical aberration estimation with high accuracy without engaging extra optics and image acquisition.We showed that with the estimated PSFs,the optical aberration can be computationally removed by the deconvolution algorithm.Furthermore,to fully exploit the benefits of SFE-Net,we incorporated the estimated PSF with neural network architecture design to devise an aberration-aware deeplearning super-resolution model,dubbed SFT-DFCAN.We demonstrated that the combination of SFE-Net and SFT-DFCAN enables instant digital AO and optical aberration-aware super-resolution reconstruction for live-cell imaging.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Fund of China(ID:52008310).
文摘This paper proposed a precast concrete pavement structure with the composite base layer comprised of the concrete beam and the filling low strength materials(B-PCP).The mechanical responses of the B-PCP induced by moving wheel loads coupled with temperature loads were analysed using the finite element method.Then the optimal geometry of the concrete beam was determined based on the sensitivity analysis,considering the tensile stress of both the slab and the beam of the base layer,the slab curling,and the faulting.Furthermore,the performance evaluation of the B-PCP was conducted by the numerical analysis and the scale experiment testing,respectively.The results showed that the optical concrete beam was 0.81.0 m wide and 0.20.3 m thick.The numerical results showed that the optimal B-PCP structure had a good fatigue resistance performance,and the corresponding slab curling decreased by almost 40%compared with that of the traditional precast concrete pavement.Meanwhile,the scale experiment testing verified that the optimal B-PCP structure exhibited an excellent ability to resist the deformation.The results also showed that the bearing capacity of the optimal B-PCP structure was larger than 350kN,indicating a good bearing capacity.
基金funded by the Sichuan Provincial Health Commission Project Fund(No.21PJ188).
文摘Objective:To use bioinformatics analysis and in vitro and in vivo experiments to study the biological role of ALKBH3 in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods:Bioinformatics analysis of ALKBH3 was performed using databases.ALKBH3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent tissues was detected by qPCR(quantitative polymerase chain reaction),western blotting,and immunohistochemistry.Stable transformed A549 cells with low expression of ALKBH3 were constructed.The effects of knockdown of ALKBH3 on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were detected by CCK-8,cell scratch,and transwell invasion assays,respectively.The effects of ALKBH3 on the proliferation of A549 cells in vivo were detected using subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice.Results:Bioinformatics analysis showed that ALKBH3 has diagnostic value in tumors such as lung adenocarcinoma,the expression of ALKBH3 is related to immune cell infiltration,ALKBH3 interacts with ASCC family molecules,and ALKBH3 is involved in the demethylation of DNA and RNA.The expression of ALKBH3 in lung adenocarcinoma was higher than that in adjacent tissues(P<0.05).CCK-8,wound healing and transwell assays showed that ALKBH3 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of A549 cells in vitro(P<0.01).ALKBH3 knockdown also significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice(P<0.01).Conclusions:ALKBH3 is a potential diagnostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma.Results in vivo and in vitro showed that knocking down ALKBH3 could inhibit the proliferation,migration,invasion,and subcutaneous tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31827802,32125024,62071271,62088102,and 62222508)Shuimu Tsinghua Scholar Program(2021SM039,2022SM035)+4 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX2021159,2022M721842)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ21012)the Tencent Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZEthe Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020094)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation.
文摘Detection noise significantly degrades the quality of structured illumination microscopy(SIM)images,especially under low-light conditions.Although supervised learning based denoising methods have shown prominent advances in eliminating the noise-induced artifacts,the requirement of a large amount of high-quality training data severely limits their applications.Here we developed a pixel-realignmentbased self-supervised denoising framework for SIM(PRS-SIM)that trains an SIM image denoiser with only noisy data and substantially removes the reconstruction artifacts.We demonstrated that PRS-SIM generates artifact-free images with 20-fold less fluorescence than ordinary imaging conditions while achieving comparable super-resolution capability to the ground truth(GT).Moreover,we developed an easy-to-use plugin that enables both training and implementation of PRS-SIM for multimodal SIM platforms including 2D/3D and linear/nonlinear SIM.With PRS-SIM,we achieved longterm super-resolution live-cell imaging of various vulnerable bioprocesses,revealing the clustered distribution of Clathrin-coated pits and detailed interaction dynamics of multiple organelles and the cytoskeleton.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52074220,52304008)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2022JC-37,2023-JC-QN-0403,2024JC-YBQN-0381)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023MD734223).
文摘Particle entrainment is an inevitable phenomenon in pipeline systems,especially during the development and extraction phases of oil and gas wells.Accurately predicting the critical velocity for particle transport is a key focus for implementing effective sand control management.This work presents a semi-supervised learning–deep hybrid kernel extreme learning machine(SSL-DHKELM)model for predicting the critical velocity,which integrates multiple machine learning theories including the deep learning approach,which is adept at advanced feature extraction.Meanwhile,the SSL framework enhances the model's capabilities when data availability is limited.An improved slime mould algorithm is also employed to optimize the model's hyperparameters.The proposed model has high accuracy on both the sample dataset and out-of-sample data.When trained with only 10%of the data,the model's error still did not increase significantly.Additionally,this model achieves superior predictive accuracy compared to existing mechanistic models,demonstrating its impressive performance and robustness.
基金funded financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62204114,62075094,62205143)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20211537).
文摘Flexible perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have drawn increasing attention due to their promising applications for wearable electronics and aerospace applications.However,the efficiency and stability of flexible PSCs still lag behind their rigid counterparts.Here,we use N,N-dimethyl acrylamide(DMAA)to in situ synthesize cross-linking polymer for flexible Sn–Pb mixed PSCs.DMAA can gather at grain boundary as a scaffold to regulate the crystallization of perovskite and reduce defects.The rigid and flexible Sn–Pb mixed PSCs showed efficiencies of 16.44%and 15.44%,respectively.In addition,the flexible Sn–Pb mixed PSCs demonstrated excellent bending durability,which retained over 80%of the original efficiency after 5000 bending cycles at a radius of 5 mm.
