Avian genomes exhibit compact organization and remarkable chromosomal stability.However,the extent and mechanisms by which structural variation in avian genomes differ from those in other vertebrate lineages are poorl...Avian genomes exhibit compact organization and remarkable chromosomal stability.However,the extent and mechanisms by which structural variation in avian genomes differ from those in other vertebrate lineages are poorly explored.This study generated a diploid genome assembly for the golden pheasant(Chrysolophus pictus),a species distinguished by the vibrant plumage of males.Each haploid genome assembly included complete chromosomalmodels,incorporatingall microchromosomes.Analysis revealed extensive tandem amplification of immune-related genes across the smallest microchromosomes(dot chromosomes),with an average copy number of 54.Structural variation between the haploid genomes was primarily shaped by large insertions and deletions(indels),with minimal contributions from inversions or duplications.Approximately 28%of these large indels were associated with recent insertions of transposable elements,despite their typically low activity in bird genomes.Evidence for significant effects of transposable elements on gene expression was minimal.Evolutionary strata on the sex chromosomes were identified,along with a drastic rearrangement of the W chromosome.These analyses of the high-quality diploid genome of the golden pheasant provide valuable insights into the evolutionary patterns of structural variation in avian genomes.展开更多
Background:West Nile virus is a severe zoonotic pathogen that can cause severe central nervous system symptoms in humans and horses,and is fatal for birds,chickens and other poultry.With no specific drugs or vaccines ...Background:West Nile virus is a severe zoonotic pathogen that can cause severe central nervous system symptoms in humans and horses,and is fatal for birds,chickens and other poultry.With no specific drugs or vaccines available,antibody-based therapy is a promising treatment.This study aims to develop neutralizing antibodies against West Nile virus and assess their cross-protective potential against Japanese encephalitis virus.Methods:Monoclonal antibodies against WNV and JEV were isolated by hybridoma technology.The therapeutic efficacy of these antibodies was evaluated using a mouse model,and a humanized version of the monoclonal antibody was generated for potential human application.Results:In this study,we generated eight monoclonal antibodies that exhibit neutralizing activity against WNV.Their therapeutic effects against WNV were validated both in vivo and in vitro.Among these antibodies,C9-G11-F3 also exhibited cross-protective activity against JEV.We also humanized the antibody to ensure that it could be used for WNV infection treatment in humans.Conclusion:This study highlights the importance of neutralizing antibodies as a promising approach for pro-tection against West Nile virus infection and suggests their potential utility in the development of therapeutic interventions.展开更多
基金supported by the Foundation of Gansu Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization for Biological Resources and Ecological Restoration in Longdong (LDSWZY202103)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (22JR5RM210)to B.P.L.Gansu Ziwuling Ecosystem Observation and Research Station (20JR10RA658)。
文摘Avian genomes exhibit compact organization and remarkable chromosomal stability.However,the extent and mechanisms by which structural variation in avian genomes differ from those in other vertebrate lineages are poorly explored.This study generated a diploid genome assembly for the golden pheasant(Chrysolophus pictus),a species distinguished by the vibrant plumage of males.Each haploid genome assembly included complete chromosomalmodels,incorporatingall microchromosomes.Analysis revealed extensive tandem amplification of immune-related genes across the smallest microchromosomes(dot chromosomes),with an average copy number of 54.Structural variation between the haploid genomes was primarily shaped by large insertions and deletions(indels),with minimal contributions from inversions or duplications.Approximately 28%of these large indels were associated with recent insertions of transposable elements,despite their typically low activity in bird genomes.Evidence for significant effects of transposable elements on gene expression was minimal.Evolutionary strata on the sex chromosomes were identified,along with a drastic rearrangement of the W chromosome.These analyses of the high-quality diploid genome of the golden pheasant provide valuable insights into the evolutionary patterns of structural variation in avian genomes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFD1801300)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662023DKPY004)+1 种基金the Key Technological Innovation Program of Hubei Province (2019ABA089)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2019CFA010 and 2021CFA056).
文摘Background:West Nile virus is a severe zoonotic pathogen that can cause severe central nervous system symptoms in humans and horses,and is fatal for birds,chickens and other poultry.With no specific drugs or vaccines available,antibody-based therapy is a promising treatment.This study aims to develop neutralizing antibodies against West Nile virus and assess their cross-protective potential against Japanese encephalitis virus.Methods:Monoclonal antibodies against WNV and JEV were isolated by hybridoma technology.The therapeutic efficacy of these antibodies was evaluated using a mouse model,and a humanized version of the monoclonal antibody was generated for potential human application.Results:In this study,we generated eight monoclonal antibodies that exhibit neutralizing activity against WNV.Their therapeutic effects against WNV were validated both in vivo and in vitro.Among these antibodies,C9-G11-F3 also exhibited cross-protective activity against JEV.We also humanized the antibody to ensure that it could be used for WNV infection treatment in humans.Conclusion:This study highlights the importance of neutralizing antibodies as a promising approach for pro-tection against West Nile virus infection and suggests their potential utility in the development of therapeutic interventions.
