Protonic ceramic energy devices represent a promising frontier for sustainable energy conversion and storage,operating efficiently at intermediate temperatures(350-650℃)and facilitating integration with renewable ene...Protonic ceramic energy devices represent a promising frontier for sustainable energy conversion and storage,operating efficiently at intermediate temperatures(350-650℃)and facilitating integration with renewable energy sources.Among protonic ceramic materials,yttrium-doped barium zirconate(BaZr_(1-x)Y_(x)O_(3-δ),BZY)stands out for its competitive proton conductivity,chemical resilience,and compatibility with diverse fuels and environments.This review critically examines the fundamentals and multiscale design strategies for BZY-based ceramic cells.We discuss atomic-level composition-structure relationships,innovative synthesis routes,and advanced processing methods to overcome manufacturing and scalability challenges.We then highlight microstructure engineering and interface design approaches that minimize resistance and elevate device performance,supported by state-of-the-art characterization and predictive modeling techniques,including density functional theory and machine learning.Recent advances,such as hybrid architectures and AI-driven defect optimization,demonstrate significant improvements in conductivity,stability,and Faradaic efficiency,confirming BZY's pivotal role in green hydrogen production and power-to-chemicals applications.By integrating insights across materials chemistry,electrochemistry,and engineering,this review provides a comprehensive roadmap for researchers aiming to translate laboratory breakthroughs into robust,scalable protonic ceramic technologies for decarbonized energy systems.展开更多
基金supported by the U.S.Department of Energy(USDOE),Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy(EERE),Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office(FCTO)under contract DEEE0011336H.D.would like to thank the startup research grant from the University of OklahomaW.B.thanks the support from the INL Laboratory Directed Research and Development(LDRD)Program 24A1081-098FP under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517.
文摘Protonic ceramic energy devices represent a promising frontier for sustainable energy conversion and storage,operating efficiently at intermediate temperatures(350-650℃)and facilitating integration with renewable energy sources.Among protonic ceramic materials,yttrium-doped barium zirconate(BaZr_(1-x)Y_(x)O_(3-δ),BZY)stands out for its competitive proton conductivity,chemical resilience,and compatibility with diverse fuels and environments.This review critically examines the fundamentals and multiscale design strategies for BZY-based ceramic cells.We discuss atomic-level composition-structure relationships,innovative synthesis routes,and advanced processing methods to overcome manufacturing and scalability challenges.We then highlight microstructure engineering and interface design approaches that minimize resistance and elevate device performance,supported by state-of-the-art characterization and predictive modeling techniques,including density functional theory and machine learning.Recent advances,such as hybrid architectures and AI-driven defect optimization,demonstrate significant improvements in conductivity,stability,and Faradaic efficiency,confirming BZY's pivotal role in green hydrogen production and power-to-chemicals applications.By integrating insights across materials chemistry,electrochemistry,and engineering,this review provides a comprehensive roadmap for researchers aiming to translate laboratory breakthroughs into robust,scalable protonic ceramic technologies for decarbonized energy systems.
