As a cross-linguistic,cross-cultural,and cross-social activity,translation is affected by cultural moralities.Since the ethical standard of faithfulness has been abandoned by theories of cultural criticism and the pow...As a cross-linguistic,cross-cultural,and cross-social activity,translation is affected by cultural moralities.Since the ethical standard of faithfulness has been abandoned by theories of cultural criticism and the power of translators’manipulation has been constantly exaggerated,the study of translation ethics is an effective remedy for a current dilemma in translation studies.It is a common phenomenon for some translators to erase the linguistic and cultural differences of Chinese literature by catering to target readers’reception.Social ethics is the foundation of a nation’s translation ethics,which means that thoughts from the Western world may not be suitable for the current situation in China.Learning from concepts of Chinese philosophy including harmony in diversity,seeking common ground while reserving differences,and honesty to formulate a new translation ethics will surely restrain translators’subjectivity within appropriate limits and develop world culture in more harmonious fashion.展开更多
“Fragmentation thinking”means the thinking process in which people use fragmented time,access to fragmented information,make fragmented judgment and reasoning,which will lead to fragmented decision-making.It is a so...“Fragmentation thinking”means the thinking process in which people use fragmented time,access to fragmented information,make fragmented judgment and reasoning,which will lead to fragmented decision-making.It is a social result brought about by the rapid development of modern information technology.From the perspective of philosophy of technology,information technology factors,social factors,and psychological factors all contribute to“Fragmentation thinking,”and the“Fragmentation thinking”will play a role in dispelling the integrity of thinking,collectivism and the overall development of individuals.In order to eliminate the negative effects of“Fragmentation thinking,”we must rationally review the functions of information technology,avoid over-reliance on information technology,and consciously integrate“Fragmentation thinking”through the education and media to constantly train people’s integral thinking ability.展开更多
The pollen exine serves as a protective barrier and signaling interface essential for male fertility in flowering plants.Its precise patterning depends on coordinated interactions between microspores and tapetal cells...The pollen exine serves as a protective barrier and signaling interface essential for male fertility in flowering plants.Its precise patterning depends on coordinated interactions between microspores and tapetal cells.While the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related 19(CLE19)peptide has been identified as a microspore-derived“brake”that restricts tapetal activity to maintain exine developmental homeostasis,how CLE19 integrates with hormonal signaling pathways remains poorly understood.Here,we demonstrate that CLE19 attenuates brassinosteroid(BR)signaling output by engaging a defined BSL–BIN2–BES1 signaling cascade.Through quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis,we identified that CLE19 affects the phosphorylation of multiple BR signaling components,including BSL-type phosphatases BSL1/2/3,the GSK3-like kinase BIN2,and the transcription factor BES1.We show that CLE19 is perceived by its receptor PXL1,which directly interacts with BSL-type phosphatases to activate the GSK3-like kinase BIN2,leading to phosphorylation of BES1 at serine residues S219 and S223.Functional analyses using phospho-dead and phospho-mimic BES1 variants confirm that CLE19-dependent phosphorylation controls BES1 nuclear export and degradation,ultimately suppressing BRresponsive transcriptional outputs required for pollen exine patterning.Together,our findings define a peptide–hormone signaling axis that regulates transcription factor activity through post-translational regulation,providing mechanistic insight into how developmental robustness is maintained via intercellular signal integration in plant reproduction.展开更多
文摘As a cross-linguistic,cross-cultural,and cross-social activity,translation is affected by cultural moralities.Since the ethical standard of faithfulness has been abandoned by theories of cultural criticism and the power of translators’manipulation has been constantly exaggerated,the study of translation ethics is an effective remedy for a current dilemma in translation studies.It is a common phenomenon for some translators to erase the linguistic and cultural differences of Chinese literature by catering to target readers’reception.Social ethics is the foundation of a nation’s translation ethics,which means that thoughts from the Western world may not be suitable for the current situation in China.Learning from concepts of Chinese philosophy including harmony in diversity,seeking common ground while reserving differences,and honesty to formulate a new translation ethics will surely restrain translators’subjectivity within appropriate limits and develop world culture in more harmonious fashion.
文摘“Fragmentation thinking”means the thinking process in which people use fragmented time,access to fragmented information,make fragmented judgment and reasoning,which will lead to fragmented decision-making.It is a social result brought about by the rapid development of modern information technology.From the perspective of philosophy of technology,information technology factors,social factors,and psychological factors all contribute to“Fragmentation thinking,”and the“Fragmentation thinking”will play a role in dispelling the integrity of thinking,collectivism and the overall development of individuals.In order to eliminate the negative effects of“Fragmentation thinking,”we must rationally review the functions of information technology,avoid over-reliance on information technology,and consciously integrate“Fragmentation thinking”through the education and media to constantly train people’s integral thinking ability.
基金supported by the grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology,People's Republic of China(2023YFA0913500)grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270347,31870294,and 32470348)to F.Cthe China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M740705)to Y.Y
文摘The pollen exine serves as a protective barrier and signaling interface essential for male fertility in flowering plants.Its precise patterning depends on coordinated interactions between microspores and tapetal cells.While the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related 19(CLE19)peptide has been identified as a microspore-derived“brake”that restricts tapetal activity to maintain exine developmental homeostasis,how CLE19 integrates with hormonal signaling pathways remains poorly understood.Here,we demonstrate that CLE19 attenuates brassinosteroid(BR)signaling output by engaging a defined BSL–BIN2–BES1 signaling cascade.Through quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis,we identified that CLE19 affects the phosphorylation of multiple BR signaling components,including BSL-type phosphatases BSL1/2/3,the GSK3-like kinase BIN2,and the transcription factor BES1.We show that CLE19 is perceived by its receptor PXL1,which directly interacts with BSL-type phosphatases to activate the GSK3-like kinase BIN2,leading to phosphorylation of BES1 at serine residues S219 and S223.Functional analyses using phospho-dead and phospho-mimic BES1 variants confirm that CLE19-dependent phosphorylation controls BES1 nuclear export and degradation,ultimately suppressing BRresponsive transcriptional outputs required for pollen exine patterning.Together,our findings define a peptide–hormone signaling axis that regulates transcription factor activity through post-translational regulation,providing mechanistic insight into how developmental robustness is maintained via intercellular signal integration in plant reproduction.
