To the Editor:Cardiovascular disease(CVD)has become the leading cause of mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH).[1]Existing data on cardiac dysfunction in PLWH on long-term combination anti...To the Editor:Cardiovascular disease(CVD)has become the leading cause of mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH).[1]Existing data on cardiac dysfunction in PLWH on long-term combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)mostly come from North America and Europe,[2,3]with limited information on Asian PLWH.Therefore,it is imperative to perform cardiac evaluations on those PLWH from a global health perspective,which will facilitate a better understanding of the changing nature of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-related CVD with the application of cART.This study aimed to determine echocardiographic abnormalities’prevalence in Chinese PLWH on long-term cART,compared with ART-na飗e PLWH and uninfected controls.展开更多
Background:Previous studies have examined the bulk transcriptome of peripheral blood immune cells in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients experiencing immunological non-responsiveness.This study aimed to invest...Background:Previous studies have examined the bulk transcriptome of peripheral blood immune cells in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients experiencing immunological non-responsiveness.This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of specific immune cell subtypes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients who exhibit immunological non-responsiveness.Methods:A single-cell transcriptome sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from both immunological responders(IRs)(CD4^(+)T-cell count>500)and immunological non-responders(INRs)(CD4^(+)T-cell count<300)was conducted.The transcriptomic profiles were used to identify distinct cell subpopulations,marker genes,and differentially expressed genes aiming to uncover potential genetic factors associated with immunological non-responsiveness.Results:Among the cellular subpopulations analyzed,the ratios of monocytes,CD16^(+)monocytes,and exhausted B cells demonstrated the most substantial differences between INRs and IRs,with fold changes of 39.79,11.08,and 2.71,respectively.In contrast,the CD4^(+)T cell ratio was significantly decreased(0.39-fold change)in INRs compared with that in IRs.Similarly,the ratios of natural killer cells and terminal effector CD8^(+)T cells were also lower(0.37-fold and 0.27-fold,respectively)in the INRs group.In addition to several well-characterized immune cell-specific markers,we identified a set of 181 marker genes that were enriched in biological pathways associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)replication.Notably,ISG15,IFITM3,PLSCR1,HLA-DQB1,CCL3L1,and DDX5,which have been demonstrated to influence HIV replication through their interaction with viral proteins,emerged as significant monocyte marker genes.Furthermore,the differentially expressed genes in natural killer cells were also enriched in biological pathways associated with HIV replication.Conclusions:We generated an atlas of immune cell transcriptomes in HIV-infected IRs and INRs.Host genes associated with HIV replication were identified as markers of,and were found to be differentially expressed in,different types of immune cells.展开更多
基金supported by the Special Research Fund for the Central High-level Hospitals of Peking Union Medical College Hospital(No.2022-PUMCH-D-008)the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2021-I2M-1-037)the National Key Technologies R&D Program for the 13th Five-year Plan(No.2017ZX102021-001).
文摘To the Editor:Cardiovascular disease(CVD)has become the leading cause of mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH).[1]Existing data on cardiac dysfunction in PLWH on long-term combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)mostly come from North America and Europe,[2,3]with limited information on Asian PLWH.Therefore,it is imperative to perform cardiac evaluations on those PLWH from a global health perspective,which will facilitate a better understanding of the changing nature of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-related CVD with the application of cART.This study aimed to determine echocardiographic abnormalities’prevalence in Chinese PLWH on long-term cART,compared with ART-na飗e PLWH and uninfected controls.
基金supported by the Joint Research Project of Health and Education in Fujian Province(No.2019-WJ-15)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Nos.2021J011295 and 2020J011165)Fujian Chinese Traditional Medicine University research funding(No.XB2020147)
文摘Background:Previous studies have examined the bulk transcriptome of peripheral blood immune cells in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients experiencing immunological non-responsiveness.This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of specific immune cell subtypes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients who exhibit immunological non-responsiveness.Methods:A single-cell transcriptome sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from both immunological responders(IRs)(CD4^(+)T-cell count>500)and immunological non-responders(INRs)(CD4^(+)T-cell count<300)was conducted.The transcriptomic profiles were used to identify distinct cell subpopulations,marker genes,and differentially expressed genes aiming to uncover potential genetic factors associated with immunological non-responsiveness.Results:Among the cellular subpopulations analyzed,the ratios of monocytes,CD16^(+)monocytes,and exhausted B cells demonstrated the most substantial differences between INRs and IRs,with fold changes of 39.79,11.08,and 2.71,respectively.In contrast,the CD4^(+)T cell ratio was significantly decreased(0.39-fold change)in INRs compared with that in IRs.Similarly,the ratios of natural killer cells and terminal effector CD8^(+)T cells were also lower(0.37-fold and 0.27-fold,respectively)in the INRs group.In addition to several well-characterized immune cell-specific markers,we identified a set of 181 marker genes that were enriched in biological pathways associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)replication.Notably,ISG15,IFITM3,PLSCR1,HLA-DQB1,CCL3L1,and DDX5,which have been demonstrated to influence HIV replication through their interaction with viral proteins,emerged as significant monocyte marker genes.Furthermore,the differentially expressed genes in natural killer cells were also enriched in biological pathways associated with HIV replication.Conclusions:We generated an atlas of immune cell transcriptomes in HIV-infected IRs and INRs.Host genes associated with HIV replication were identified as markers of,and were found to be differentially expressed in,different types of immune cells.
