Pea(Pisum sativum L.)is an annual cool-season legume crop.Owing to its role in sustainable agriculture as both a rotation and a cash crop,its global market is expanding and increased production is urgently needed.For ...Pea(Pisum sativum L.)is an annual cool-season legume crop.Owing to its role in sustainable agriculture as both a rotation and a cash crop,its global market is expanding and increased production is urgently needed.For both technical and regulatory reasons,neither conventional nor transgenic breeding techniques can keep pace with the demand for increased production.In answer to this challenge,CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology has been gaining traction in plant biology and crop breeding in recent years.However,there are currently no reports of the successful application of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology in pea.We developed a transient transformation system of hairy roots,mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain K599,to validate the efficiency of a CRISPR/Cas9 system.Further optimization resulted in an efficient vector,PsU6.3-tRNA-PsPDS3-en35S-PsCas9.We used this optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system to edit the pea phytoene desaturase(PsPDS)gene,causing albinism,by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation.This is the first report of successful generation of gene-edited pea plants by this route.展开更多
Mung bean is one of the major legume crops in China, and its nutritional quality and processing quality directly affect the development of mung bean processing industry. In order to promote the development of mung bea...Mung bean is one of the major legume crops in China, and its nutritional quality and processing quality directly affect the development of mung bean processing industry. In order to promote the development of mung bean processing industry, the research progress of mung bean quality characteristics, including physical quality, nutritional quality, medicinal value and the processing quality, were summarized based on literatures both at home and abroad, and the current exploitation status of starch, protein, dietary fiber, resistant starch, flavonoids and superoxide dismutase of mung bean was also reviewed. In order to promote the development of mung bean processing industry, it should strengthen the research on quality characteristics and functional ingredients of mung bean, pay attention to the development of healthy products, improve the processing technology, and cultivate a group of leading mung bean processing companies with strong competence in the market.展开更多
Lentil(Lens culinaris Medikus subsp.culinaris,2 n=14)is a cool-season legume with high production potential for multiple uses.However,limited molecular research has been conducted in this species owing to its large ge...Lentil(Lens culinaris Medikus subsp.culinaris,2 n=14)is a cool-season legume with high production potential for multiple uses.However,limited molecular research has been conducted in this species owing to its large genome,which impedes the generation of genome sequences and the development of molecular markers.In this study,more than 1.37 billion filtered clean reads were collected by RNA-Seq of six diverse lentil accessions and217,836 transcripts and 161,095 unigenes were de novo assembled,yielding respectively 257.1 and 240.6 million nucleotides.The mean transcript length was 1180 bp and the N50 and N90 lengths were respectively 2075 and 479 bp.The mean length of the unigenes was 1494 bp and their N50 and N90 values were respectively 2203 and 714 bp.The unigenes were annotated against seven databases.The FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)gene homolog in lentil showed high protein sequence similarity to the FT gene homologs of pea and alfalfa.On the basis of the RNA-Seq analysis,26,449 EST-SSR markers were designed in silico,and 276 preliminarily screened markers were selected to evaluate polymorphism in 94 diverse lentil accessions.In total,125(45.29%)of 276 EST-SSR markers were found to be polymorphic.A total of 130,073 SNP loci were detected and 78(61.41%)of 127 SNPs were successfully converted to KASP markers.Population genetic analyses of the lentil accessions with EST-SSR and KASP markers revealed similar genetic structures,suggesting that the RNA-Seq-generated resources and the developed markers are reliable for use in molecular marker-assisted breeding of lentil.展开更多
In this paper,by analyzing the genetic diversity of cultivated soybean germplasm resources in China,the environmental and genotypic factors that affect the genetic diversity of cultivated soybean germplasm resources w...In this paper,by analyzing the genetic diversity of cultivated soybean germplasm resources in China,the environmental and genotypic factors that affect the genetic diversity of cultivated soybean germplasm resources were explored to further expand the genetic basis of the existing germplasm resources of cultivated soybean in China. Moreover,research progress on genetic diversity of cultivated soybean in China was summarized,which not only revealed the geographical characteristics of genetic diversity of cultivated soybean in China,but also proposed direction for research of genetic diversity of soybean.展开更多
A hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-catalyzed highly diastereoselective formal[4+2]cyclization between ortho-hydroxyphenyl para-quinone methides and difluoroenoxysilanes is developed.This tandem protocol provides a simple a...A hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-catalyzed highly diastereoselective formal[4+2]cyclization between ortho-hydroxyphenyl para-quinone methides and difluoroenoxysilanes is developed.This tandem protocol provides a simple and straightforward approach to assemble diverse multiply functionalized difluorinated chromans with high to excellent diastereoselectivity by employing difluoroenoxysilane as a new C2 synthon.展开更多
In the present study,genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 11materials including red clover ( Trifolium pretense L.),white clover ( T.repen L.) and alsike clover ( T.hybridum L.) and leaf-type variants of whit...In the present study,genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 11materials including red clover ( Trifolium pretense L.),white clover ( T.repen L.) and alsike clover ( T.hybridum L.) and leaf-type variants of white clover were investigated by SRAP (sequence related amplified polymorphism).Forty SRAP primers were screened,and 792 reliable bands were amplified,among which 426 (53.8%) were polymorphic.The number of polymorphic bands per pair of primers ranged from 3 to 38 with an average of 10.6.SRAP cluster analysis showed that the similarity coefficients between white clover materials were from 0.465 to 0.997 with an average of 0.812,indicating that there was certain genetic diversity among white clover.Specific bands appeared in white clover variants,indicating that there were certain differences in DNA sequence between normal while clover plants and their leaf-type variants.The similarity coefficients between red clover materials were from 0.457 to 0.827 with an average of 0.597,indicating that the different red clover germplasms had genetic diversity at the DNA molecular level.The results also showed that the genetic relationship of the alsike clover with the red clover was closer than that with the white clover.This study shows that SRAP technique can be effectively used for the analysis on interspecific and intraspecific relationship,germplasm resource identification and genetic diversity of clover.展开更多
During the life cycle of a plant,seed germination is crucial.Upon ingestion of water,the dry seeds resumed energy metabolism and cellular repair.To dissect the complex mechanisms at the very beginning of seed germinat...During the life cycle of a plant,seed germination is crucial.Upon ingestion of water,the dry seeds resumed energy metabolism and cellular repair.To dissect the complex mechanisms at the very beginning of seed germination,two approaches including transcriptome and small RNA sequencing were conducted during the water imbibition process of mung bean seeds compared with dry seed.The transcriptome sequencing analysis identified 10,108 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between dry and imbibed mung bean seeds.KEGG enrichment analyses demonstrated numerous DEGs involved in hormone signaling pathways,carbohydrate,and energy metabolism.Out of the total DEGs,129 genes were investigated to involve in abscisic acid,gibberellin,and ethylene pathways,with 56 genes involved in glycolysis and TCA cycle.Through the analysis of small RNA sequencing among different samples,there were 284 miRNAs found in the imbibed and dried seeds of mung bean containing 213 known and 71 novel miRNAs.From comparison between the two types of seeds,51 miRNAs were differentially expressed.The integrated analyses of transcriptome and miRNAome data showed that 23 DEGs are the putative target genes of 8 miRNAs including miR156,miR171b-3p,miR166e-3p,miR169-1,etc.QRT-PCR was used to validate several DEGs and miRNAs.The data suggested that the seed imbibition process is regulated by a variety of DEGs and microRNAs.Meanwhile,we hope to gain a deeper insight into how mung bean seeds germinate in order to optimize seed growth.展开更多
The seeds of a soybean cultivar Zhonghuang 18 were subjected to accelerated aging for 0(population G_0-1), 112(population G_0-2), 154(population G_0-3) and 196 d(population G_0-4), whose germination percentage was fou...The seeds of a soybean cultivar Zhonghuang 18 were subjected to accelerated aging for 0(population G_0-1), 112(population G_0-2), 154(population G_0-3) and 196 d(population G_0-4), whose germination percentage was found to be 98.0%, 95.0%, 81.0%, and 79.0%, respectively. Then, the four populations were regenerated twice in the field. The first descendant populations were marked as G_1-1, G_1-2, G_1-3 and G_1-4, and the second were marked as G_2-1, G_2-2, G_2-3 and G_2-4, respectively. The genetic variation between the control population(G_0-1) and the experimental populations was analyzed using 12 AFLP primer combinations. The results showed that there was no significant difference in genetic similarity between the 11 experimental populations and the control population G_0-1. The genetic similarity between population G_2-4 and G_0-1 was still as high as 0.933 3, indicating that the F_2 generation of the population whose germination percentage was only 79.0% still had a high genetic similarity to the control population. The results of t-tests revealed that the populations G_1-1, G_2-1, G_1-2 and G_2-2 showed no significant difference from the control population G_0-1 in effective number of alleles per locus(Ae), genetic diversity index(H) and Shannon's diversity index(I), while these indices of populations G_0-3, G_0-4, G_1-3, G_1-4, G_2-3 and G_2-4 were significantly reduced. χ~2 tests indicated that the populations G_1-1 and G_2-1 showed little difference, and the populations G_0-2, G_0-3, G_0-4, G_1-2, G_1-3, G_1-4, G_2-2, G_2-3, and G_2-4 showed great difference in allele frequency distribution from the control population G_0-1, and the difference was greater when the seed viability was lower. Compared with the control population G_0-1, the number of rare alleles(Nr) of the populations G_0-2, G_1-1, G_2-1, G_1-2 and G_2-2 showed no significant difference, while that of the populations G_0-3, G_0-4, G_1-3, G_1-4, G_2-3 and G_2-4 declined obviously. These results revealed that compared with the control population, the genetic diversity and Nr for the descendant populations of the populations with 98.0% and 95.0% germination percentages did not change significantly, but declined greatly for the descendant populations of the populations with 81.0.% and 79.0% percentages. The results suggested that the decline in seed viability has a greater impact than the number of generations on genetic structure of soybean germplasm. So, it is suggested that soybean seed with an initial germination percentage of 98.0% should be regenerated before its germination percentage declines to 81.0%.展开更多
The seeds of Zhonghuang 18 were selected as a test material,and subjected to artificial aging treatment(0,112,154 and 196 d),obtaining four 4 populations,i.e.,G_0-1,G_0-2,G_0-3 and G_0-4,the germination rates of which...The seeds of Zhonghuang 18 were selected as a test material,and subjected to artificial aging treatment(0,112,154 and 196 d),obtaining four 4 populations,i.e.,G_0-1,G_0-2,G_0-3 and G_0-4,the germination rates of which were 98.0%,95.0%,81.0%and 79.0%,respectively.The four populations were reproduced twice in field,giving four populations of the first reproduced generation G_1-1,G_1-2,G_1-3 and G_1-4 and four populations of the second reproduced generation G_2-1,G_2-2,G_2-3 and G_2-4.The results showed that the number of alleles(Ae)per locus and genetic identity of all the treatment populations did not change significantly compared with the control population G_0-1,and population G_0-4 still shared 0.996 2 genetic identity with the control population,indicating that the genetic identity between the population with a germination rate of 79.0%and the control population was still high.The results of t test showed that populations G_0-2,G_1-1 and G_2-1 showed number of alleles per locus(A),genetic diversity index(H)and Shannon index without significantly differences from the control population G_0-1;populations G_1-2 and G_2-2 had the number of alleles per locus(A)significantly decreased;and the above genetic diversity parameters of populations G_0-3,G_0-4,G_1-3,G_1-4,G_2-3 and G_2-4 decreased significantly or very significantly.The results ofχ~2test showed that there were almost no differences in the allelic frequency distribution between populations G_0-2,G_1-1 and G_2-1 and the control populaiton G_0-1;and populations G_0-3,G_0-4,G_1-2,G_1-3,G_1-4,G_2-2,G_2-3and G_2-4 differed in allele frequency distribution,and the lower the vitality level,the greater the differences.Compared with the control population G_0-1,populations G_0-2,G_1-1 and G_2-1 had no significant changes in number of rare alleles,while populations G_0-3,G_0-4,G_1-2,G_2-2,G_1-3,G_1-4,G_2-3 and G_2-4 decreased significantly in number of rare alleles.The above results showed that compared with the control population,the progeny populations reproduced from the population with a germination rate of 98.0%had significant changes in genetic diversity and number of rare alleles,while the values of the progeny populations reproduced from populations having germination rates of 81.0%and 79.0%,respectively,decreased significantly,and the number of alleles per locus and number of rare alleles of the progeny populations reproduced from the population with a germination rate of 95.0%began to decrease.The decline in viability has a greater effect on the genetic structure of soybean germplasm populations than reproduction generation.It is recommended that the germination rate standard for regeneration of soybean germplasm with an initial germination rate of 98.0%should not be lower than 81.0%.展开更多
This study focused on the investigation of crop germplasm resources in coastal areas of Shandong Province, including 132 villages in 82 towns of 34 counties. The survey collected local varieties and wild resources of ...This study focused on the investigation of crop germplasm resources in coastal areas of Shandong Province, including 132 villages in 82 towns of 34 counties. The survey collected local varieties and wild resources of grain crops, economic crops, vegetables and fruit trees, and a total of 848 samples were collected, belonging to 54 species of 39 genera in 15 families. In this study, the current situation and growth and decline conditions of crop germplasm resources were investigated, and their botanical classification and utilization importance were analyzed. Furthermore, the conservation, development and utilization of crop germplasrp resources in coastal areas of Shandong Province were also discussed in this paper.展开更多
Shandong Province has abundant and diverse crop germplasm resources, but it is in lack of unified and effective preservation and management, leading to the decline and even extinction of many rare germplasm resources....Shandong Province has abundant and diverse crop germplasm resources, but it is in lack of unified and effective preservation and management, leading to the decline and even extinction of many rare germplasm resources. In this study, the necessity for the establishment of crop genebank in Shandong Province was briefly described. In addition, the type, functions and technical indicators, as well as the operation of the crop genebank were introduced comprehensively to provide a reference for the establishment of genebank by other units or organizations.展开更多
Soybean is an important food crop and oil crop for humans. Based on the analysis of current production and research of soybean in Shandong Province and other provinces and cities,this paper clarified the background of...Soybean is an important food crop and oil crop for humans. Based on the analysis of current production and research of soybean in Shandong Province and other provinces and cities,this paper clarified the background of soybean germplasm resources,evaluated the genetic diversity of soybean germplasm resources,revealed the evolution pattern of soybean varieties,summarized the utilization of wild-type soybean resources,and analyzed the prospects of research and application of soybean germplasm resources in Shandong Province.展开更多
[Objectives] Salt stress is an important abiotic stress affecting soybean yield. This study aimed to screen salt-tolerant soybean varieties to improve the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land. [Methods]Under t...[Objectives] Salt stress is an important abiotic stress affecting soybean yield. This study aimed to screen salt-tolerant soybean varieties to improve the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land. [Methods]Under three concentrations of salt stress（ 5,10 and 15 g/L）,salt tolerance of nine Shandong soybean cultivars was identified at the germination stage. The number of germinated seeds,relative germination rate,plant height,radicle length and number of fibrous roots were recorded to analyze the relative salt damage index and evaluate the salt tolerance of different soybean cultivars. [Results]With the increase of salt concentration,the number of germinated seeds,plant height and number of fibrous roots showed a decreasing trend with significant differences among different soybean cultivars. Under three concentrations of salt stress,Shengdou 10,Lindou 10 and Hedou 28 exhibit relatively strong salt tolerance,indicating that these cultivars are relatively salt-tolerant and highly salt-tolerant cultivars; Hedou 12,Gaofeng 1,Weidou 9 and Qihuang 34 are moderately salt-tolerant cultivars; Qihuang 30 and Qihuang 31 are relatively sensitive to salt solution under 15 g/L NaC l stress. [Conclusions] This study provided high-quality germplasm materials for the improvement of salt tolerance of soybean varieties.展开更多
Dear Editor,Soybean(Glycine max)is a critical crop worldwide,renowned as a major source of edible oil and protein.It was domesticated approximately 5000-9000 years ago in China,between latitudes 32°N and 40°...Dear Editor,Soybean(Glycine max)is a critical crop worldwide,renowned as a major source of edible oil and protein.It was domesticated approximately 5000-9000 years ago in China,between latitudes 32°N and 40°N,from its wild progenitor,Glycine soja.In recent years,numerous genome assemblies for both cultivated and wild soybeans have been published,with cultivated soybean genomes even achieving telomere-to-telomere(T2T)completeness(Zhang et al.,2023a,2023b;Wang et al.,2023;Huang et al.,2024).展开更多
基金the financial support of the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA-Food Legumes(CARS-08)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP)of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences。
文摘Pea(Pisum sativum L.)is an annual cool-season legume crop.Owing to its role in sustainable agriculture as both a rotation and a cash crop,its global market is expanding and increased production is urgently needed.For both technical and regulatory reasons,neither conventional nor transgenic breeding techniques can keep pace with the demand for increased production.In answer to this challenge,CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology has been gaining traction in plant biology and crop breeding in recent years.However,there are currently no reports of the successful application of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology in pea.We developed a transient transformation system of hairy roots,mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain K599,to validate the efficiency of a CRISPR/Cas9 system.Further optimization resulted in an efficient vector,PsU6.3-tRNA-PsPDS3-en35S-PsCas9.We used this optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system to edit the pea phytoene desaturase(PsPDS)gene,causing albinism,by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation.This is the first report of successful generation of gene-edited pea plants by this route.
基金Supported by the"Collection,Protection and Evaluation of Crop Germplasm Resources"of the Project for Agricultural Improved Breeding of Shandong Province(2014LZ01-01)the Innovative Team Building of Grain Crops Industry of the Agriculture Research System of Shandong Province(SDARS-15-01)~~
文摘Mung bean is one of the major legume crops in China, and its nutritional quality and processing quality directly affect the development of mung bean processing industry. In order to promote the development of mung bean processing industry, the research progress of mung bean quality characteristics, including physical quality, nutritional quality, medicinal value and the processing quality, were summarized based on literatures both at home and abroad, and the current exploitation status of starch, protein, dietary fiber, resistant starch, flavonoids and superoxide dismutase of mung bean was also reviewed. In order to promote the development of mung bean processing industry, it should strengthen the research on quality characteristics and functional ingredients of mung bean, pay attention to the development of healthy products, improve the processing technology, and cultivate a group of leading mung bean processing companies with strong competence in the market.
基金supported by the funding of Subject Team of Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2018E15)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFE0105100)+5 种基金Industry Team of Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A02)Crop Germplasm Resources Protection(2130135)Coarse Cereals Innovation Team of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Shandong Province(SDAIT-15-01)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-08)Youth Research Fund of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2016YQN19)Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP)of CAAS。
文摘Lentil(Lens culinaris Medikus subsp.culinaris,2 n=14)is a cool-season legume with high production potential for multiple uses.However,limited molecular research has been conducted in this species owing to its large genome,which impedes the generation of genome sequences and the development of molecular markers.In this study,more than 1.37 billion filtered clean reads were collected by RNA-Seq of six diverse lentil accessions and217,836 transcripts and 161,095 unigenes were de novo assembled,yielding respectively 257.1 and 240.6 million nucleotides.The mean transcript length was 1180 bp and the N50 and N90 lengths were respectively 2075 and 479 bp.The mean length of the unigenes was 1494 bp and their N50 and N90 values were respectively 2203 and 714 bp.The unigenes were annotated against seven databases.The FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)gene homolog in lentil showed high protein sequence similarity to the FT gene homologs of pea and alfalfa.On the basis of the RNA-Seq analysis,26,449 EST-SSR markers were designed in silico,and 276 preliminarily screened markers were selected to evaluate polymorphism in 94 diverse lentil accessions.In total,125(45.29%)of 276 EST-SSR markers were found to be polymorphic.A total of 130,073 SNP loci were detected and 78(61.41%)of 127 SNPs were successfully converted to KASP markers.Population genetic analyses of the lentil accessions with EST-SSR and KASP markers revealed similar genetic structures,suggesting that the RNA-Seq-generated resources and the developed markers are reliable for use in molecular marker-assisted breeding of lentil.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A02)Special Fund for Construction of Grain Industry Innovation Team of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Shandong Province(SDARS-16-01)
文摘In this paper,by analyzing the genetic diversity of cultivated soybean germplasm resources in China,the environmental and genotypic factors that affect the genetic diversity of cultivated soybean germplasm resources were explored to further expand the genetic basis of the existing germplasm resources of cultivated soybean in China. Moreover,research progress on genetic diversity of cultivated soybean in China was summarized,which not only revealed the geographical characteristics of genetic diversity of cultivated soybean in China,but also proposed direction for research of genetic diversity of soybean.
基金the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ20B020005)Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang(No.2019R01005)Joint Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LTZ21B020001)。
文摘A hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-catalyzed highly diastereoselective formal[4+2]cyclization between ortho-hydroxyphenyl para-quinone methides and difluoroenoxysilanes is developed.This tandem protocol provides a simple and straightforward approach to assemble diverse multiply functionalized difluorinated chromans with high to excellent diastereoselectivity by employing difluoroenoxysilane as a new C2 synthon.
基金Supported by Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A02-1)China Agriculture Research System-Green Manure(CARS-22)Young Talents Training Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2018-2020)
文摘In the present study,genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 11materials including red clover ( Trifolium pretense L.),white clover ( T.repen L.) and alsike clover ( T.hybridum L.) and leaf-type variants of white clover were investigated by SRAP (sequence related amplified polymorphism).Forty SRAP primers were screened,and 792 reliable bands were amplified,among which 426 (53.8%) were polymorphic.The number of polymorphic bands per pair of primers ranged from 3 to 38 with an average of 10.6.SRAP cluster analysis showed that the similarity coefficients between white clover materials were from 0.465 to 0.997 with an average of 0.812,indicating that there was certain genetic diversity among white clover.Specific bands appeared in white clover variants,indicating that there were certain differences in DNA sequence between normal while clover plants and their leaf-type variants.The similarity coefficients between red clover materials were from 0.457 to 0.827 with an average of 0.597,indicating that the different red clover germplasms had genetic diversity at the DNA molecular level.The results also showed that the genetic relationship of the alsike clover with the red clover was closer than that with the white clover.This study shows that SRAP technique can be effectively used for the analysis on interspecific and intraspecific relationship,germplasm resource identification and genetic diversity of clover.
基金This study was funded by the Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province(Grant Nos.2019LZGC017 and 2021LZGC025)Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of Shandong Province(Grant No.SDAIT-15-01).
文摘During the life cycle of a plant,seed germination is crucial.Upon ingestion of water,the dry seeds resumed energy metabolism and cellular repair.To dissect the complex mechanisms at the very beginning of seed germination,two approaches including transcriptome and small RNA sequencing were conducted during the water imbibition process of mung bean seeds compared with dry seed.The transcriptome sequencing analysis identified 10,108 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between dry and imbibed mung bean seeds.KEGG enrichment analyses demonstrated numerous DEGs involved in hormone signaling pathways,carbohydrate,and energy metabolism.Out of the total DEGs,129 genes were investigated to involve in abscisic acid,gibberellin,and ethylene pathways,with 56 genes involved in glycolysis and TCA cycle.Through the analysis of small RNA sequencing among different samples,there were 284 miRNAs found in the imbibed and dried seeds of mung bean containing 213 known and 71 novel miRNAs.From comparison between the two types of seeds,51 miRNAs were differentially expressed.The integrated analyses of transcriptome and miRNAome data showed that 23 DEGs are the putative target genes of 8 miRNAs including miR156,miR171b-3p,miR166e-3p,miR169-1,etc.QRT-PCR was used to validate several DEGs and miRNAs.The data suggested that the seed imbibition process is regulated by a variety of DEGs and microRNAs.Meanwhile,we hope to gain a deeper insight into how mung bean seeds germinate in order to optimize seed growth.
基金Supported by Key Project of the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period(2013BAD01B0106)the Special Scientific Research Fund of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences for Young Scholars(2016YQN19)+4 种基金China Agriculture Research System-Green Manure(CARS-22)National Crop Germplasm Resources Platform of China(2012/2013-032)Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province(2017CXGC0311)Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Shandong Province(SDAIT-15-01)Special Fund of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences for Innovation in Agricultural Science and Technology(CXGC2018E15)
文摘The seeds of a soybean cultivar Zhonghuang 18 were subjected to accelerated aging for 0(population G_0-1), 112(population G_0-2), 154(population G_0-3) and 196 d(population G_0-4), whose germination percentage was found to be 98.0%, 95.0%, 81.0%, and 79.0%, respectively. Then, the four populations were regenerated twice in the field. The first descendant populations were marked as G_1-1, G_1-2, G_1-3 and G_1-4, and the second were marked as G_2-1, G_2-2, G_2-3 and G_2-4, respectively. The genetic variation between the control population(G_0-1) and the experimental populations was analyzed using 12 AFLP primer combinations. The results showed that there was no significant difference in genetic similarity between the 11 experimental populations and the control population G_0-1. The genetic similarity between population G_2-4 and G_0-1 was still as high as 0.933 3, indicating that the F_2 generation of the population whose germination percentage was only 79.0% still had a high genetic similarity to the control population. The results of t-tests revealed that the populations G_1-1, G_2-1, G_1-2 and G_2-2 showed no significant difference from the control population G_0-1 in effective number of alleles per locus(Ae), genetic diversity index(H) and Shannon's diversity index(I), while these indices of populations G_0-3, G_0-4, G_1-3, G_1-4, G_2-3 and G_2-4 were significantly reduced. χ~2 tests indicated that the populations G_1-1 and G_2-1 showed little difference, and the populations G_0-2, G_0-3, G_0-4, G_1-2, G_1-3, G_1-4, G_2-2, G_2-3, and G_2-4 showed great difference in allele frequency distribution from the control population G_0-1, and the difference was greater when the seed viability was lower. Compared with the control population G_0-1, the number of rare alleles(Nr) of the populations G_0-2, G_1-1, G_2-1, G_1-2 and G_2-2 showed no significant difference, while that of the populations G_0-3, G_0-4, G_1-3, G_1-4, G_2-3 and G_2-4 declined obviously. These results revealed that compared with the control population, the genetic diversity and Nr for the descendant populations of the populations with 98.0% and 95.0% germination percentages did not change significantly, but declined greatly for the descendant populations of the populations with 81.0.% and 79.0% percentages. The results suggested that the decline in seed viability has a greater impact than the number of generations on genetic structure of soybean germplasm. So, it is suggested that soybean seed with an initial germination percentage of 98.0% should be regenerated before its germination percentage declines to 81.0%.
基金Supported by Key Project of the National Twelfth-Five Year Research Program of China(2013BAD01B0106)Research Fund for Young Scholars in Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2016YQN19)+4 种基金China Agriculture Research System-Green Manure(CARS-22)National Crop Germplasm Resources Platform of China(2012/2013-032)Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(2017CXGC0311)"Coarse Cereal Innovation Team"of The Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Shandong Province(SDAIT-15-01)Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Engineering Team of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2018E15)
文摘The seeds of Zhonghuang 18 were selected as a test material,and subjected to artificial aging treatment(0,112,154 and 196 d),obtaining four 4 populations,i.e.,G_0-1,G_0-2,G_0-3 and G_0-4,the germination rates of which were 98.0%,95.0%,81.0%and 79.0%,respectively.The four populations were reproduced twice in field,giving four populations of the first reproduced generation G_1-1,G_1-2,G_1-3 and G_1-4 and four populations of the second reproduced generation G_2-1,G_2-2,G_2-3 and G_2-4.The results showed that the number of alleles(Ae)per locus and genetic identity of all the treatment populations did not change significantly compared with the control population G_0-1,and population G_0-4 still shared 0.996 2 genetic identity with the control population,indicating that the genetic identity between the population with a germination rate of 79.0%and the control population was still high.The results of t test showed that populations G_0-2,G_1-1 and G_2-1 showed number of alleles per locus(A),genetic diversity index(H)and Shannon index without significantly differences from the control population G_0-1;populations G_1-2 and G_2-2 had the number of alleles per locus(A)significantly decreased;and the above genetic diversity parameters of populations G_0-3,G_0-4,G_1-3,G_1-4,G_2-3 and G_2-4 decreased significantly or very significantly.The results ofχ~2test showed that there were almost no differences in the allelic frequency distribution between populations G_0-2,G_1-1 and G_2-1 and the control populaiton G_0-1;and populations G_0-3,G_0-4,G_1-2,G_1-3,G_1-4,G_2-2,G_2-3and G_2-4 differed in allele frequency distribution,and the lower the vitality level,the greater the differences.Compared with the control population G_0-1,populations G_0-2,G_1-1 and G_2-1 had no significant changes in number of rare alleles,while populations G_0-3,G_0-4,G_1-2,G_2-2,G_1-3,G_1-4,G_2-3 and G_2-4 decreased significantly in number of rare alleles.The above results showed that compared with the control population,the progeny populations reproduced from the population with a germination rate of 98.0%had significant changes in genetic diversity and number of rare alleles,while the values of the progeny populations reproduced from populations having germination rates of 81.0%and 79.0%,respectively,decreased significantly,and the number of alleles per locus and number of rare alleles of the progeny populations reproduced from the population with a germination rate of 95.0%began to decrease.The decline in viability has a greater effect on the genetic structure of soybean germplasm populations than reproduction generation.It is recommended that the germination rate standard for regeneration of soybean germplasm with an initial germination rate of 98.0%should not be lower than 81.0%.
文摘This study focused on the investigation of crop germplasm resources in coastal areas of Shandong Province, including 132 villages in 82 towns of 34 counties. The survey collected local varieties and wild resources of grain crops, economic crops, vegetables and fruit trees, and a total of 848 samples were collected, belonging to 54 species of 39 genera in 15 families. In this study, the current situation and growth and decline conditions of crop germplasm resources were investigated, and their botanical classification and utilization importance were analyzed. Furthermore, the conservation, development and utilization of crop germplasrp resources in coastal areas of Shandong Province were also discussed in this paper.
基金Supported by Key Project of the National Twelfth-Five Year Research Program of China(2013BAD01B0106)China Agriculture Research System-Green Manure(CARS-22)+4 种基金Key Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shandong Province(2017CXGC0311)Youth Foundation of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2016YQN19)National Crop Germplasm Resources Platform of China(2012/2013-032)Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Shandong Province for Miscellaneous Grain Innovation Team(SDAIT-15-01)Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A02/A12)
文摘Shandong Province has abundant and diverse crop germplasm resources, but it is in lack of unified and effective preservation and management, leading to the decline and even extinction of many rare germplasm resources. In this study, the necessity for the establishment of crop genebank in Shandong Province was briefly described. In addition, the type, functions and technical indicators, as well as the operation of the crop genebank were introduced comprehensively to provide a reference for the establishment of genebank by other units or organizations.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A02)Special Fund for Construction of Grain Industry Innovation Team of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Shandong Province(SDARS-16-01)
文摘Soybean is an important food crop and oil crop for humans. Based on the analysis of current production and research of soybean in Shandong Province and other provinces and cities,this paper clarified the background of soybean germplasm resources,evaluated the genetic diversity of soybean germplasm resources,revealed the evolution pattern of soybean varieties,summarized the utilization of wild-type soybean resources,and analyzed the prospects of research and application of soybean germplasm resources in Shandong Province.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A02)Special Fund for Construction of Grain Industry Innovation Team of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Shandong Province(SDARS-16-01)
文摘[Objectives] Salt stress is an important abiotic stress affecting soybean yield. This study aimed to screen salt-tolerant soybean varieties to improve the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land. [Methods]Under three concentrations of salt stress（ 5,10 and 15 g/L）,salt tolerance of nine Shandong soybean cultivars was identified at the germination stage. The number of germinated seeds,relative germination rate,plant height,radicle length and number of fibrous roots were recorded to analyze the relative salt damage index and evaluate the salt tolerance of different soybean cultivars. [Results]With the increase of salt concentration,the number of germinated seeds,plant height and number of fibrous roots showed a decreasing trend with significant differences among different soybean cultivars. Under three concentrations of salt stress,Shengdou 10,Lindou 10 and Hedou 28 exhibit relatively strong salt tolerance,indicating that these cultivars are relatively salt-tolerant and highly salt-tolerant cultivars; Hedou 12,Gaofeng 1,Weidou 9 and Qihuang 34 are moderately salt-tolerant cultivars; Qihuang 30 and Qihuang 31 are relatively sensitive to salt solution under 15 g/L NaC l stress. [Conclusions] This study provided high-quality germplasm materials for the improvement of salt tolerance of soybean varieties.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province for Young Scholars(ZR2023QC153)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(2021LZGC025,2022LZGC022,and 2023LZGC001)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201736)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of SAAS(CXGC2023F13 and CXGC2023C02)。
文摘Dear Editor,Soybean(Glycine max)is a critical crop worldwide,renowned as a major source of edible oil and protein.It was domesticated approximately 5000-9000 years ago in China,between latitudes 32°N and 40°N,from its wild progenitor,Glycine soja.In recent years,numerous genome assemblies for both cultivated and wild soybeans have been published,with cultivated soybean genomes even achieving telomere-to-telomere(T2T)completeness(Zhang et al.,2023a,2023b;Wang et al.,2023;Huang et al.,2024).
