The present study was aimed that determine the effects of polysaccharide isolated from fermented barley about tumor metastasis inhibition via immune related factors such as complementary system,macrophages,natural kil...The present study was aimed that determine the effects of polysaccharide isolated from fermented barley about tumor metastasis inhibition via immune related factors such as complementary system,macrophages,natural killer(NK)cells,and cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL).To characterize the tumor inhibition effects through immunostimulation of polysaccharides purified from fermented barley,the active crude polysaccharide(BF-CP)was isolated from fermented barley and further fractionated into three purified polysaccharides(BF-I,-II,and-III)with different molecular weights through gel permeation chromatography.BF-I was mainly composed of four monosaccharides,including xylose(32.90%),arabinose(26.71%),and glucose(33.43%).BF-I augmented the secretion of cytokines,such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-12,and tumor necrosis factor-α,through peritoneal macrophages and potently activated the complement system.In the experiment for NK cells and CTL activities,intravenous(i.v.)administration of BF-I significantly augmented the cytotoxicity of NK cells and CTL-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells.In addition,i.v.administration of BF-I potently inhibited tumor metastasis in a mouse model of lung cancer and tumor metastasis in mice with suppressed NK cell function through anti-asialo GM1.Consequently,BF-I shows potent tumor inhibition effects,and these effects are related to various immune factors such as macrophages,the complement system,NK cells,and CTL.Therefore,BF-I,the polysaccharide purified from fermented barley possess the new possibility for developing functional foods and medical ingredients.展开更多
The potent anti-cancer metastatic effects induced by the immunostimulatory activities of intravenously administered BF–I,an active polysaccharide purified from fermented barley,were previously evaluated.This study ai...The potent anti-cancer metastatic effects induced by the immunostimulatory activities of intravenously administered BF–I,an active polysaccharide purified from fermented barley,were previously evaluated.This study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer metastatic effect of orally administered BF–I and elucidated the microstructure and active moiety of BF–I using sequential enzymatic hydrolysis.In experiments using Colon26-M3.1 carcinoma,prophylactic oral administration of BF–I potently suppressed lung cancer metastasis.Furthermore,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of partially methylated alditol acetate showed that BF–I comprised 15 different glycosyl linkages,including 4-linked Xylp(16.1%),terminal Araf(12.4%),4-linked Glcp(32.8%),3-linked Glcp(13.5%),3,6-linked Glcp(1.5%),and 3,6-linked Galp(5.3%).These glycosyl linkage combinations are typical for arabinoxylan,yeast-derivedβ-glucan,barley-derivedβ-glucan,and type II arabinogalactan.To clarify the microstructure,BF–I was sequentially degraded via linkage-specific enzymatic hydrolysis using five enzymes.Furthermore,the sugar composition,glycosyl linkage,and reactivity with theβ-glucosyl Yariv reagent were analyzed,along with sequencing based on tandem mass spectra of partially degraded fragment fractions.The results confirmed that BF–I comprises a mixture of four different types of polysaccharides(arabinoxylan,yeast-derivedβ-glucan,barley-derivedβ-glucan,and type II arabinogalactan)with similar molecular weights.Furthermore,different polysaccharides contribute significantly to cytokine(interleukin-6,-12,and tumor necrosis factor-α)secretion by peritoneal macrophages.Therefore,the potent anti-cancer metastatic activity of BF–I is proposed to be related to the immunostimulatory activities of the four different types of polysaccharides.展开更多
基金supported by Kyonggi University’s Graduate Research Assistantship 2022.
文摘The present study was aimed that determine the effects of polysaccharide isolated from fermented barley about tumor metastasis inhibition via immune related factors such as complementary system,macrophages,natural killer(NK)cells,and cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL).To characterize the tumor inhibition effects through immunostimulation of polysaccharides purified from fermented barley,the active crude polysaccharide(BF-CP)was isolated from fermented barley and further fractionated into three purified polysaccharides(BF-I,-II,and-III)with different molecular weights through gel permeation chromatography.BF-I was mainly composed of four monosaccharides,including xylose(32.90%),arabinose(26.71%),and glucose(33.43%).BF-I augmented the secretion of cytokines,such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-12,and tumor necrosis factor-α,through peritoneal macrophages and potently activated the complement system.In the experiment for NK cells and CTL activities,intravenous(i.v.)administration of BF-I significantly augmented the cytotoxicity of NK cells and CTL-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells.In addition,i.v.administration of BF-I potently inhibited tumor metastasis in a mouse model of lung cancer and tumor metastasis in mice with suppressed NK cell function through anti-asialo GM1.Consequently,BF-I shows potent tumor inhibition effects,and these effects are related to various immune factors such as macrophages,the complement system,NK cells,and CTL.Therefore,BF-I,the polysaccharide purified from fermented barley possess the new possibility for developing functional foods and medical ingredients.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2020R1F1A1070996).
文摘The potent anti-cancer metastatic effects induced by the immunostimulatory activities of intravenously administered BF–I,an active polysaccharide purified from fermented barley,were previously evaluated.This study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer metastatic effect of orally administered BF–I and elucidated the microstructure and active moiety of BF–I using sequential enzymatic hydrolysis.In experiments using Colon26-M3.1 carcinoma,prophylactic oral administration of BF–I potently suppressed lung cancer metastasis.Furthermore,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of partially methylated alditol acetate showed that BF–I comprised 15 different glycosyl linkages,including 4-linked Xylp(16.1%),terminal Araf(12.4%),4-linked Glcp(32.8%),3-linked Glcp(13.5%),3,6-linked Glcp(1.5%),and 3,6-linked Galp(5.3%).These glycosyl linkage combinations are typical for arabinoxylan,yeast-derivedβ-glucan,barley-derivedβ-glucan,and type II arabinogalactan.To clarify the microstructure,BF–I was sequentially degraded via linkage-specific enzymatic hydrolysis using five enzymes.Furthermore,the sugar composition,glycosyl linkage,and reactivity with theβ-glucosyl Yariv reagent were analyzed,along with sequencing based on tandem mass spectra of partially degraded fragment fractions.The results confirmed that BF–I comprises a mixture of four different types of polysaccharides(arabinoxylan,yeast-derivedβ-glucan,barley-derivedβ-glucan,and type II arabinogalactan)with similar molecular weights.Furthermore,different polysaccharides contribute significantly to cytokine(interleukin-6,-12,and tumor necrosis factor-α)secretion by peritoneal macrophages.Therefore,the potent anti-cancer metastatic activity of BF–I is proposed to be related to the immunostimulatory activities of the four different types of polysaccharides.
