Nowadays, the password-based remote user authentication mechanism using smart card is one of the simplest and convenient authentication ways to ensure secure communications over the public network environments. Recent...Nowadays, the password-based remote user authentication mechanism using smart card is one of the simplest and convenient authentication ways to ensure secure communications over the public network environments. Recently, Liu et al. proposed an efficient and secure smart card based password authentication scheme. However, we find that Liu et al.’s scheme is vulnerable to the off-line password guessing attack and user impersonation attack. Furthermore, it also cannot provide user anonymity. In this paper, we cryptanalyze Liu et al.’s scheme and propose a security enhanced user authentication scheme to overcome the aforementioned problems. Especially, in order to preserve the user anonymity and prevent the guessing attack, we use the dynamic identity technique. The analysis shows that the proposed scheme is more secure and efficient than other related authentication schemes.展开更多
Organ transplantation is a definitive therapeutic option for patients with end-stage organ dysfunction and failure.Ischaemia–reperfusion(IR)injury is one of the leading causes of low graft utilization as it significa...Organ transplantation is a definitive therapeutic option for patients with end-stage organ dysfunction and failure.Ischaemia–reperfusion(IR)injury is one of the leading causes of low graft utilization as it significantly increases the risk of primary graft dysfunction and acute rejection following transplantation.This risk is particularly high for organs obtained from donation after circulatory death(DCD)when compared with the organs from donation after brain death(DBD).IR injury exacerbates tissue damage via various mechanisms including the induction of regulated cell death.Regulated cell death and its consequences play critical roles in determining graft survival and function,thereby influencing the overall success of the transplant.Understanding the mechanisms underlying regulated cell death in IR injury is essential for developing therapeutic strategies to minimize tissue damage and improve clinical outcomes in organ transplantation.This review mainly discusses different types of regulated cell death and underlying mechanisms towards preventive cell death strategies in DBD and DCD organ transplantation in preclinical settings.展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Science ResearchProgram through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education under Grant No.NRF-2010-0020210
文摘Nowadays, the password-based remote user authentication mechanism using smart card is one of the simplest and convenient authentication ways to ensure secure communications over the public network environments. Recently, Liu et al. proposed an efficient and secure smart card based password authentication scheme. However, we find that Liu et al.’s scheme is vulnerable to the off-line password guessing attack and user impersonation attack. Furthermore, it also cannot provide user anonymity. In this paper, we cryptanalyze Liu et al.’s scheme and propose a security enhanced user authentication scheme to overcome the aforementioned problems. Especially, in order to preserve the user anonymity and prevent the guessing attack, we use the dynamic identity technique. The analysis shows that the proposed scheme is more secure and efficient than other related authentication schemes.
基金supported by the Special Fund for the Incubation of Young Clinical Scientist from The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine(CHZJU2024YS002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81801900)+1 种基金The British Journal of Anesthesia/Royal College of Anaesthetists project grant,The Chelsea-Westminster Hospital Joint Research Committee Grant,ESAIC Andreas Hoeft's Grant(ESAIC_GR_2022_DM)European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care.
文摘Organ transplantation is a definitive therapeutic option for patients with end-stage organ dysfunction and failure.Ischaemia–reperfusion(IR)injury is one of the leading causes of low graft utilization as it significantly increases the risk of primary graft dysfunction and acute rejection following transplantation.This risk is particularly high for organs obtained from donation after circulatory death(DCD)when compared with the organs from donation after brain death(DBD).IR injury exacerbates tissue damage via various mechanisms including the induction of regulated cell death.Regulated cell death and its consequences play critical roles in determining graft survival and function,thereby influencing the overall success of the transplant.Understanding the mechanisms underlying regulated cell death in IR injury is essential for developing therapeutic strategies to minimize tissue damage and improve clinical outcomes in organ transplantation.This review mainly discusses different types of regulated cell death and underlying mechanisms towards preventive cell death strategies in DBD and DCD organ transplantation in preclinical settings.
