The development of high-performance carbon-based composite hosts plays decisive roles in the electrochemistry of lithium sulfur batteries.Herein,a novel metal-ion induced gelation self-assembly technology is reported ...The development of high-performance carbon-based composite hosts plays decisive roles in the electrochemistry of lithium sulfur batteries.Herein,a novel metal-ion induced gelation self-assembly technology is reported to construct sodium alginate carbon(SAC)based polar hierarchical carbon composites with cross-linked network architecture and in-situ co-grown cross-linked polar nanoparticles.Interestingly,it shows high versatility to an extensive array of materials including metals,alloys,and metallic oxides.As a representative,NiCo alloy nanoparticles are chosen to obtain the SAC/NiCo composite host for sulfur in LSBs,which possess superior physical/chemical adsorption capabilities and catalytic conversion kinetics to polysulfide in virtue of synergistic interaction between the hierarchical pore structures and NiCo catalyst.The designed SAC/NiCo-S cathode shows superior electrochemical performance with excellent rate capacity(2 C:693.5 mAh/g)and enhanced cycling stability(764.3 mAh/g at 0.1 C after 240 cycles).This work provides a straightforward approach for fabricating multifunctional carbon composites with adjustable component for advanced energy storage system.展开更多
Under the background of global warming, extreme cold events occur frequently. It is important to enhance the understanding of cold air patterns for forecasting cold air and reducing cold air-induced meteorological dis...Under the background of global warming, extreme cold events occur frequently. It is important to enhance the understanding of cold air patterns for forecasting cold air and reducing cold air-induced meteorological disasters. The study used the daily minimum temperatures from the National Climate Centre to classify the cold events affecting China into five different grades and the characteristics of different intensity cold events in China during the winter from 1960 to 2020 were analyzed. The results showed that there is little difference in the distribution of the frequency of general cold events from north to south, with duration longer in the north than in the south and an increase in frequency in the north in the last 60 years. The frequency of strong cold events is more in the north of China than in the south of China, and the duration is longer in the south than in the north China, with the frequency decreasing in most parts of the country. In addition to latitude, cold events frequency is closely linked to topography, with basins surrounded by high mountains being difficult to be affected by cold events, especially extreme cold events. In terms of month distribution, December was subject to the highest frequency of cold events and the longest duration of a single cold events process.展开更多
Identifying a superior soybean variety with high defoliator resistance is important to avoid yield loss. Cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera Hübner) is one of the major defoliators of soybean(Glycine max [L.] Me...Identifying a superior soybean variety with high defoliator resistance is important to avoid yield loss. Cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera Hübner) is one of the major defoliators of soybean(Glycine max [L.] Merr.) worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the effect of H. armigera larvae on ED059, a wild soybean(Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.), and three cultivated soybean varieties: Tianlong 2, PI 535807, and PI 533604, in choice and no-choice assays. The percentage of ED059 leaflets consumed by H. armigera was lower than that of the three cultivated soybeans. Larvae that fed on ED059 exhibited low weight gain and high mortality rate.Waldbauer nutritional indices suggested that ED059 reduced the growth, consumption, and frass production of H. armigera larvae. Larvae that fed on ED059 showed lower efficiency of conversion of ingested and of digested food than those that fed on Tianlong 2 and PI 533604.However, they showed statistically similar consumption index and approximate digestibility compared with those fed on the three cultivated soybeans. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that 24 h after insect attack, ED059 had higher transcript levels of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor 3, Cysteine proteinase inhibitor 2, and Nerolidol synthase 1 but a lower transcript level of Pathogenesis-related protein 1 than Tianlong 2. The gene expression results were consistent with the presence of higher levels of jasmonic acid(JA) and transcript levels of the JA biosynthesis enzyme allene oxide cyclase 3 in ED059 than in Tianlong 2. Our findings indicate that ED059 is a superior soybean line with strong insect resistance that may be mediated via the JA pathway.展开更多
Objective We aimed to understand the willingness and barriers to the acceptance of tuberculosis(TB)preventive treatment(TPT)among people with latent TB infection(LTBI)in China.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional stu...Objective We aimed to understand the willingness and barriers to the acceptance of tuberculosis(TB)preventive treatment(TPT)among people with latent TB infection(LTBI)in China.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from May 18,2023 to December 31,2023 across 10 counties in China.According to a national technical guide,we included healthcare workers,students,teachers,and others occupations aged 15-65 years as our research participants.Results Overall,17.0%(183/1,077)of participants accepted TPT.There were statistically significant differences in the acceptance rate of TPT among different sexes,ages,educational levels,and occupations(P<0.05).The main barriers to TPT acceptance were misconceptions that it had uncertain effects on prevention(57.8%,517/894),and concerns about side effects(32.7%,292/894).Conclusion An enhanced and comprehensive understanding of LTBI and TPT among people with LTBI is vital to further expand TPT in China.Moreover,targeted policies need to be developed to address barriers faced by different groups of people.展开更多
Soil salinization is a globally prevalent abiotic environmental stress.The imbalance of ions caused by high concentrations of sodium chloride results in a 40%reduction in soybean yield.Soybean,as an important crop for...Soil salinization is a globally prevalent abiotic environmental stress.The imbalance of ions caused by high concentrations of sodium chloride results in a 40%reduction in soybean yield.Soybean,as an important crop for soil quality improvement,necessitates the identification of salt-tolerant varieties and germplasms to effectively utilize and enhance saline-alkali land.In this study,we assessed the salt tolerance of 435 soybean varieties and germplasms during the seedling stage.Among them,Qihuang34,You2104,Hongzhudou,Pamanheidou,and Osage exhibited grade 1 salt tolerance rates surpassing other tested materials.Furthermore,Hongzhudou and Qihuang34 demonstrated higher salt tolerance during germination and emergence stages based on their elevated rates of emergence,salt tolerance index,chlorophyll content,and shoot fresh weights.Overall findings provide valuable resources for molecular breeding efforts aimed at developing salt-tolerant soybean varieties suitable for cultivation in saline-alkali soils.展开更多
Due to the hypoxic state of the tumor microenvironment(TME),photodynamic therapy(PDT)suffers from insufficient ROS production.The metal-polyphenol network-mediated Fenton reaction can generate reac-tive oxygen species...Due to the hypoxic state of the tumor microenvironment(TME),photodynamic therapy(PDT)suffers from insufficient ROS production.The metal-polyphenol network-mediated Fenton reaction can generate reac-tive oxygen species(ROS)by consuming H_(2)O_(2) in TME,improving the inadequate ROS generation problem of PDT.Therefore,synergistic therapy combining PDT and Fenton response-based CDT is a promising ap-proach for cancer treatment.Herein,a metal-polyphenol nanocomposite was deposited with gallic acid grafted hyaluronic acid and Fe^(3+) to contrast a Ce6 nano-delivery system(Ce6@HSF NPs)for melanoma synergistic therapy.Ce6@HSF NPs could be used as a Fenton reagent to induce the·OH production and enhance the PDT effect of Ce6 to a certain extent.After 4 h of cellular uptake,the fluorescence intensity of Ce6 in the Ce6@HSF NPs group was higher than 3 times that in the Ce6 group.The intracellular ROS generation level of the Ce6@HSF NPs(L)group combining CDT and PDT was higher than that of the Ce6 group and Ce6@HSF NPs group.In vitro and in vivo anti-melanoma studies show that Ce6@HSF NPs(L)group exhibited better anti-melanoma than other groups.Together,Ce6@HSF NPs provide a promising synergistic treatment potential for melanoma.展开更多
Superhydrophobic coatings with high flexibility and mechanical durability can well address many practical application problems.To this end,we proposed and fabricated a kind of bio-based superhydrophobic(multi-walled c...Superhydrophobic coatings with high flexibility and mechanical durability can well address many practical application problems.To this end,we proposed and fabricated a kind of bio-based superhydrophobic(multi-walled carbon nanotubes)CNT@PU(polyurethane)coatings.It was demonstrated that the CNT@PU coatings with 64%soft segment content possessed the preferable bonding strength(5B)with metal substrates.The multi-walled carbon nanotubes,as additive materials,were used to construct the microscopic structures of the coating surfaces,which made polyurethane surface superhydrophobic(water contact angle being 156.9°,and water sliding angle being 4.3°).Furthermore,the high bonding strength between CNT and coating matrix led to robust mechanical durability of supertiydrophobic CNT@PU coatings,and the coatings remained superhydrophobicity after 10 cycles of abrasion under 100 g load pressure.Also,the superhydrophobic coatings could well resist 5 cycles of tape-peeling action,and presented outstanding flexibility.The supernydrophobic CNT@PU coatings with high flexibility and mechanical durability could be applied to various substrates suggesting their big potential in future real-world application.展开更多
Thirty-two new species of the spider genus Speocera Berland, 1914 from the spider family Ochyroceratidae Fage, 1912 are described from China, Madagascar, and Southeast Asia, namely S. amber Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀),...Thirty-two new species of the spider genus Speocera Berland, 1914 from the spider family Ochyroceratidae Fage, 1912 are described from China, Madagascar, and Southeast Asia, namely S. amber Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. ankalana Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. bachma Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. balikpapan Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. ballarini Li & Li sp. nov.(♂), S. batang Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. bawangling Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. bontoc Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. bukittinggi Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. cattien Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. cucphuong Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. cuyapo Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. dongjing Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. gexuejuni Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. griswoldi Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. heilan Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. huifengi Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. huisun Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. lahrak Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. longyan Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. manhao Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. melinh Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. nuichua Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. payakumbuh Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. suea Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. tabuk Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. trapezialis Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. trusmadi Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. tubularis Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. xiaoxiaoae Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. xuanson Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. zhigangi Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀). Types of all new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IZCAS) in Beijing, China and the California Academy of Sciences(CAS) in San Francisco, USA.展开更多
Soybean(Glycine max),the primary source of high-quality plant protein,plays a crucial role as a grain and oil crop in China.Harnessing the full potential of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean production holds imme...Soybean(Glycine max),the primary source of high-quality plant protein,plays a crucial role as a grain and oil crop in China.Harnessing the full potential of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean production holds immense significance for agriculture and ecology alike.Zhongdou 63,a newly developed early-maturing summer soybean cultivar in 2021,exhibits remarkable traits such as high yield,superior quality,multi-resistance,and wide adaptability.In this study,eight distinct rhizobia strains from diverse regions were meticulously screened to identify highly effective strains specifically suited for Zhongdou 63.The aboveground biomass,plant height,chlorophyll content,root length,nodule number,and nodule dry weight of Zhongdou 63 were measured and the data were subjected to statistical analysis.The results demonstrated that Y63-1 is a predominant strain of Zhongdou 63.Subsequently,we conducted further investigations on the broad-spectrum nodulation characteristics of Y63-1.Ten representative soybean cultivars were individually inoculated with Y63-1 and subsequently analyzed for nodule numbers and nodule dry weight in their symbiotic systems with rhizobia.The findings revealed that Y63-1 effectively formed nodules with all ten soybean varieties tested.In summary,our current study identified highly efficient broad-spectrum Bradyrhizobium elkanii strain Y63-1 as the predominant strain in Zhongdou 63 and provided a theoretical foundation for enhancing yield potential not only in Zhongdou 63 but also in other varieties through inoculation with highly efficient rhizobia in production.展开更多
Soybean(Glycine max)is a legume crop with great economic value that provides rich protein and oil for human food and animal feed.In order to cope with the ever-increasing need for soybean products and the changing env...Soybean(Glycine max)is a legume crop with great economic value that provides rich protein and oil for human food and animal feed.In order to cope with the ever-increasing need for soybean products and the changing environment,soybean genetic improvement needs to be accelerated.In recent years,the rapid developed genome editing technologies,such as zinc finger nuclease(ZFNs),transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs),and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein(CRISPR/Cas),have shown broad application prospects in gene function research and improvement of important agronomic traits in many crops,and has also brought opportunities for soybean breeding.Here we systematically reviewed recent advances in genome editing technology.We also summarized the significances,current applications,challenges and future perspectives in soybean genome editing,which could provide references for exerting the feature and advantage of this technology to better soybean improvement.展开更多
Plants have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms against herbivores to help them adapt to the environment. Understanding the defense mechanisms in plants can help us control insects in a more effective manner. In ...Plants have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms against herbivores to help them adapt to the environment. Understanding the defense mechanisms in plants can help us control insects in a more effective manner. In this study, we found that compared with Tianlong 2(a cultivated soybean with insect susceptibility), ED059(a wild soybean line with insect resistance)contains sharper pubescence tips, as well as lower transcript levels of wound-induced protein kinase(WIPK) and salicylic acid-induced protein kinase(SIPK), which are important mitogen-activated protein kinases involved in early defense response to herbivores. The observed lower transcript levels of WIPK and SIPK induced higher levels of jasmonic acid(JA), JA biosynthesis enzymes(AOC3) and some secondary metabolites in ED059. Functional analysis of the KTI1 gene via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Arabidopsis thaliana indicated that it plays an important role in herbivore defense in ED059. We further investigated the molecular response of third-instar Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner) larvae to Tianlong 2 and ED059. We found apoptotic cells only in the midguts of larvae that fed on ED059. Compared with larvae reared on the susceptible cultivar Tianlong 2, transcript levels of catalase(CAT) and glutathione S-transferase(GST) were up-regulated, whereas those of CAR, CHSB, and TRY were down-regulated in larvae that fed on the highly resistant variety ED059. We propose that these differences underlie the different herbivore defense responses of ED059 and Tianlong 2.展开更多
A 10 × 10 solar-blind ultraviolet(UV) imaging array with double-layer wire structure was prepared based on Ga_(2)O_(3) film grown by atomic layer deposition. These single detection units in the array exhibit exce...A 10 × 10 solar-blind ultraviolet(UV) imaging array with double-layer wire structure was prepared based on Ga_(2)O_(3) film grown by atomic layer deposition. These single detection units in the array exhibit excellent performance at 3 V: photo-todark current ratio(PDCR) of 5.5 × 10^(5), responsivity(R) of 4.28 A/W, external quantum efficiency(EQE) of 2.1 × 10^(3)%, detectivity(D*) of 1.5 × 10^(14) Jones, and fast response time. The photodetector array shows high uniformity under different light intensity and low operating bias. The array also has good temperature stability. Under 300 ℃, it still presents clear imaging and keeps high R of 34.4 and 6.45 A/W at 5 and 1 V, respectively. This work provides a new insight for the large-scale array of Ga_(2)O_(3) solarblind UV detectors.展开更多
The combination of photothermal therapywith chemotherapy has gradually developed into promising cancer therapy.Here,a synergistic photothermal-chemotherapy nanoplatform based on polydopamine(PDA)-coated gold nanoparti...The combination of photothermal therapywith chemotherapy has gradually developed into promising cancer therapy.Here,a synergistic photothermal-chemotherapy nanoplatform based on polydopamine(PDA)-coated gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)were facilely achieved via the in situ polymerization of dopamine(DA)on the surface of AuNPs.This nanoplatform exhibited augmented photothermal conversion efficiency and enhanced colloidal stability in comparison with uncoated PDA shell AuNPs.The i-motif DNA nanostructure was assembled on PDA-coated AuNPs,which could be transformed into a C-quadruplex structure under an acidic environment,showing a characteristic pH response.The PDA shell served as a linker between the AuNPs and the i-motif DNA nanostructure.To enhance the specific cellular uptake,the AS1411 aptamer was introduced to the DNA nanostructure employed as a targeting ligand.In addition,Dox-loaded NPs(DAu@PDA-AS141)showed the pH/photothermal-responsive release of Dox.The photothermal effect of DAu@PDA-AS141 elicited excellent photothermal performance and efficient cancer cell inhibition under 808 nm near-infrared(NIR)irradiation.Overall,these results demonstrate that the DAu@PDA-AS141 nanoplatform shows great potential in synergistic photothermal-chemotherapy.展开更多
Soybean(Glycine max)is one of the most important economic legume crops with largest planting area,and is also an important oil crop,as well as food and feed material.Soybean-rhizobia symbiosis plays important roles in...Soybean(Glycine max)is one of the most important economic legume crops with largest planting area,and is also an important oil crop,as well as food and feed material.Soybean-rhizobia symbiosis plays important roles in plant cultivation and fertilizer application.However,there are many problems in agricultural application of soybean symbiotic nitrogen fixation.In this review,we summarized three restriction factors(host specificity,low nitrogen fixation efficiency and abiotic stress)and discussed research progresses of these factors.Clarification of host specific mechanism will help to select and apply rhizobia inoculants.Both maintaining high nitrogenase activity and delaying nodule senescence can improve the efficiency of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.Abiotic stress-tolerant rhizobia can improve the abiotic stress tolerance of soybean.Breeding stress tolerant genotypes of soybean and rhizobia,obtaining correlated genes are the common strategies to improve soybean symbiotic nitrogen fixation under extreme conditions.Regulatory mechanisms of these restriction factors are still poorly understood and needs further clarification.展开更多
Effective oil-water separation is a continuous pursuit,not only for scientific research but also for engineering application,because oil spills are causing the great pollution in the current ocean environment.Here we ...Effective oil-water separation is a continuous pursuit,not only for scientific research but also for engineering application,because oil spills are causing the great pollution in the current ocean environment.Here we reported a superhydrophobic coated-mesh,where the coatings were composed of fluorinated silica(F-SiO2)and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS),demonstrating the excellent oil-water separation ability towards various organic liquids.The introduction of F-SiO2 could well induce a certain extent of microscopic roughness,leading to the remarkable water repellence.The resultant coatings exhibited the robust superhydrophobicity with the water contact angle reaching 155.9°±1.0°.On this basis,the pore size of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)mesh materials(as a substrate)was mainly discussed with the great oil-water separation efficiency of as high as 98%towards various organic liquids.Also,under the assistance of physical model,it was confirmed that there was a mechanical relation between pore size and organic liquids,where the main connotation was the matching issue of surface tension of organic liquids with the geometrical mechanic(induced by the pore size of the superhydrophobic coated-mesh).This work on the size effect of superhydrophobic coated-mesh materials on various organic liquids is beneficial to the design and manu facture of ideal oil-water separation materials.展开更多
The aim of this study is to explore the heterogeneous ice nucleation behavior based on controllable micro-cubic array structure surfaces from the statistic perspective.To this end,we firstly constructed a group of mic...The aim of this study is to explore the heterogeneous ice nucleation behavior based on controllable micro-cubic array structure surfaces from the statistic perspective.To this end,we firstly constructed a group of micro-cubic array structures on silicon substrates by a selective plasma etching technique.After grafting low-free-energy substance,the as-constructed micro-cubic array structure surfaces exhibited higher non-wettability with the water contact angle being up to 150°.On this basis,500 cycles of freezing and melting processes were accurately recorded to analyze the instantaneous ice nucleation behavior according to the statistical results of freezing temperature.As a consequence,the statistical freezing temperature of the sample with micro-spacing distance of 40μm is as low as−17.13°C.This microstructure configuration(conforming to Cassie-Baxter wetting regime)not only could entrap more air pockets,but also achieved lower solid-liquid contact area,resulting in lower ice nucleation rate(~2–3 orders of magnitude less than that on the flat substrate).Furthermore,the gradually increasing micro-spacing distance to 60μm would induce the transition from CassieBaxter to Wenzel wetting state,leading to higher freezing probability and ice nucleation rate.The complete understanding on microstructure configuration improving the ice nucleation will lay the foundation stone for the microstructure design of ice-repellent materials.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52372235,52073252,22379020,52002052,52302316)Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(Nos.2023C01231,Q23E020046,LD22E020006,and LY21E020005)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Postdoctoral Research Project(No.ZJ2023080)Key Research and Development Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2022YFSY0004).
文摘The development of high-performance carbon-based composite hosts plays decisive roles in the electrochemistry of lithium sulfur batteries.Herein,a novel metal-ion induced gelation self-assembly technology is reported to construct sodium alginate carbon(SAC)based polar hierarchical carbon composites with cross-linked network architecture and in-situ co-grown cross-linked polar nanoparticles.Interestingly,it shows high versatility to an extensive array of materials including metals,alloys,and metallic oxides.As a representative,NiCo alloy nanoparticles are chosen to obtain the SAC/NiCo composite host for sulfur in LSBs,which possess superior physical/chemical adsorption capabilities and catalytic conversion kinetics to polysulfide in virtue of synergistic interaction between the hierarchical pore structures and NiCo catalyst.The designed SAC/NiCo-S cathode shows superior electrochemical performance with excellent rate capacity(2 C:693.5 mAh/g)and enhanced cycling stability(764.3 mAh/g at 0.1 C after 240 cycles).This work provides a straightforward approach for fabricating multifunctional carbon composites with adjustable component for advanced energy storage system.
文摘Under the background of global warming, extreme cold events occur frequently. It is important to enhance the understanding of cold air patterns for forecasting cold air and reducing cold air-induced meteorological disasters. The study used the daily minimum temperatures from the National Climate Centre to classify the cold events affecting China into five different grades and the characteristics of different intensity cold events in China during the winter from 1960 to 2020 were analyzed. The results showed that there is little difference in the distribution of the frequency of general cold events from north to south, with duration longer in the north than in the south and an increase in frequency in the north in the last 60 years. The frequency of strong cold events is more in the north of China than in the south of China, and the duration is longer in the south than in the north China, with the frequency decreasing in most parts of the country. In addition to latitude, cold events frequency is closely linked to topography, with basins surrounded by high mountains being difficult to be affected by cold events, especially extreme cold events. In terms of month distribution, December was subject to the highest frequency of cold events and the longest duration of a single cold events process.
基金funded by the China Agriculture Research System (CAAS-04-PS08)the National Transgenic Project of China (2014ZX08004-005)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of China
文摘Identifying a superior soybean variety with high defoliator resistance is important to avoid yield loss. Cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera Hübner) is one of the major defoliators of soybean(Glycine max [L.] Merr.) worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the effect of H. armigera larvae on ED059, a wild soybean(Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.), and three cultivated soybean varieties: Tianlong 2, PI 535807, and PI 533604, in choice and no-choice assays. The percentage of ED059 leaflets consumed by H. armigera was lower than that of the three cultivated soybeans. Larvae that fed on ED059 exhibited low weight gain and high mortality rate.Waldbauer nutritional indices suggested that ED059 reduced the growth, consumption, and frass production of H. armigera larvae. Larvae that fed on ED059 showed lower efficiency of conversion of ingested and of digested food than those that fed on Tianlong 2 and PI 533604.However, they showed statistically similar consumption index and approximate digestibility compared with those fed on the three cultivated soybeans. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that 24 h after insect attack, ED059 had higher transcript levels of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor 3, Cysteine proteinase inhibitor 2, and Nerolidol synthase 1 but a lower transcript level of Pathogenesis-related protein 1 than Tianlong 2. The gene expression results were consistent with the presence of higher levels of jasmonic acid(JA) and transcript levels of the JA biosynthesis enzyme allene oxide cyclase 3 in ED059 than in Tianlong 2. Our findings indicate that ED059 is a superior soybean line with strong insect resistance that may be mediated via the JA pathway.
基金Public-Benefit Project on Tuberculosis Patient Care Action[09107].
文摘Objective We aimed to understand the willingness and barriers to the acceptance of tuberculosis(TB)preventive treatment(TPT)among people with latent TB infection(LTBI)in China.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from May 18,2023 to December 31,2023 across 10 counties in China.According to a national technical guide,we included healthcare workers,students,teachers,and others occupations aged 15-65 years as our research participants.Results Overall,17.0%(183/1,077)of participants accepted TPT.There were statistically significant differences in the acceptance rate of TPT among different sexes,ages,educational levels,and occupations(P<0.05).The main barriers to TPT acceptance were misconceptions that it had uncertain effects on prevention(57.8%,517/894),and concerns about side effects(32.7%,292/894).Conclusion An enhanced and comprehensive understanding of LTBI and TPT among people with LTBI is vital to further expand TPT in China.Moreover,targeted policies need to be developed to address barriers faced by different groups of people.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171957)Scientific and Technological Innovation 2030,Design and Cultivation of New High-Yielding Salt-Alkali Tolerant Soybean Varieties(2023ZD0403602)Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan(2023020201010127).
文摘Soil salinization is a globally prevalent abiotic environmental stress.The imbalance of ions caused by high concentrations of sodium chloride results in a 40%reduction in soybean yield.Soybean,as an important crop for soil quality improvement,necessitates the identification of salt-tolerant varieties and germplasms to effectively utilize and enhance saline-alkali land.In this study,we assessed the salt tolerance of 435 soybean varieties and germplasms during the seedling stage.Among them,Qihuang34,You2104,Hongzhudou,Pamanheidou,and Osage exhibited grade 1 salt tolerance rates surpassing other tested materials.Furthermore,Hongzhudou and Qihuang34 demonstrated higher salt tolerance during germination and emergence stages based on their elevated rates of emergence,salt tolerance index,chlorophyll content,and shoot fresh weights.Overall findings provide valuable resources for molecular breeding efforts aimed at developing salt-tolerant soybean varieties suitable for cultivation in saline-alkali soils.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Nos.31971308,81960769 and U1903211)the National S&T Major Project(No.2019ZX09301-147)+1 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2022YFS0007)the Luzhou Science and Technology Plan(No.2018CDLZ-10).
文摘Due to the hypoxic state of the tumor microenvironment(TME),photodynamic therapy(PDT)suffers from insufficient ROS production.The metal-polyphenol network-mediated Fenton reaction can generate reac-tive oxygen species(ROS)by consuming H_(2)O_(2) in TME,improving the inadequate ROS generation problem of PDT.Therefore,synergistic therapy combining PDT and Fenton response-based CDT is a promising ap-proach for cancer treatment.Herein,a metal-polyphenol nanocomposite was deposited with gallic acid grafted hyaluronic acid and Fe^(3+) to contrast a Ce6 nano-delivery system(Ce6@HSF NPs)for melanoma synergistic therapy.Ce6@HSF NPs could be used as a Fenton reagent to induce the·OH production and enhance the PDT effect of Ce6 to a certain extent.After 4 h of cellular uptake,the fluorescence intensity of Ce6 in the Ce6@HSF NPs group was higher than 3 times that in the Ce6 group.The intracellular ROS generation level of the Ce6@HSF NPs(L)group combining CDT and PDT was higher than that of the Ce6 group and Ce6@HSF NPs group.In vitro and in vivo anti-melanoma studies show that Ce6@HSF NPs(L)group exhibited better anti-melanoma than other groups.Together,Ce6@HSF NPs provide a promising synergistic treatment potential for melanoma.
基金supported by thc National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52075246,51671105,51705244,and U1937206)the Natural Science Foundlation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20170790)+2 种基金the Project Funded by China Postdoc-toral Science Foundation(No.2019M661826)Opcn Fund of Key Laboratory of lcing and Anti/Deicing(No.IADL20190202)the Projcct Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Highcr Education Institutions,and the NUAA Innovation Program for Graduate Education(No.kfjj20190617).
文摘Superhydrophobic coatings with high flexibility and mechanical durability can well address many practical application problems.To this end,we proposed and fabricated a kind of bio-based superhydrophobic(multi-walled carbon nanotubes)CNT@PU(polyurethane)coatings.It was demonstrated that the CNT@PU coatings with 64%soft segment content possessed the preferable bonding strength(5B)with metal substrates.The multi-walled carbon nanotubes,as additive materials,were used to construct the microscopic structures of the coating surfaces,which made polyurethane surface superhydrophobic(water contact angle being 156.9°,and water sliding angle being 4.3°).Furthermore,the high bonding strength between CNT and coating matrix led to robust mechanical durability of supertiydrophobic CNT@PU coatings,and the coatings remained superhydrophobicity after 10 cycles of abrasion under 100 g load pressure.Also,the superhydrophobic coatings could well resist 5 cycles of tape-peeling action,and presented outstanding flexibility.The supernydrophobic CNT@PU coatings with high flexibility and mechanical durability could be applied to various substrates suggesting their big potential in future real-world application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572237,31750002)to Yanfeng Tongthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(31530067)the Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2015CASEABRI005,Y4ZK111B01)to Shuqiang Li
文摘Thirty-two new species of the spider genus Speocera Berland, 1914 from the spider family Ochyroceratidae Fage, 1912 are described from China, Madagascar, and Southeast Asia, namely S. amber Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. ankalana Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. bachma Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. balikpapan Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. ballarini Li & Li sp. nov.(♂), S. batang Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. bawangling Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. bontoc Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. bukittinggi Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. cattien Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. cucphuong Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. cuyapo Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. dongjing Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. gexuejuni Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. griswoldi Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. heilan Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. huifengi Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. huisun Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. lahrak Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. longyan Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. manhao Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. melinh Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. nuichua Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. payakumbuh Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. suea Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. tabuk Li & Li sp. nov.(♀), S. trapezialis Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. trusmadi Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. tubularis Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. xiaoxiaoae Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. xuanson Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀), S. zhigangi Li & Li sp. nov.(♂♀). Types of all new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IZCAS) in Beijing, China and the California Academy of Sciences(CAS) in San Francisco, USA.
基金funded by Key Research and Development Plan Projects of Hubei Province(2022BBA0036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32071964)。
文摘Soybean(Glycine max),the primary source of high-quality plant protein,plays a crucial role as a grain and oil crop in China.Harnessing the full potential of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean production holds immense significance for agriculture and ecology alike.Zhongdou 63,a newly developed early-maturing summer soybean cultivar in 2021,exhibits remarkable traits such as high yield,superior quality,multi-resistance,and wide adaptability.In this study,eight distinct rhizobia strains from diverse regions were meticulously screened to identify highly effective strains specifically suited for Zhongdou 63.The aboveground biomass,plant height,chlorophyll content,root length,nodule number,and nodule dry weight of Zhongdou 63 were measured and the data were subjected to statistical analysis.The results demonstrated that Y63-1 is a predominant strain of Zhongdou 63.Subsequently,we conducted further investigations on the broad-spectrum nodulation characteristics of Y63-1.Ten representative soybean cultivars were individually inoculated with Y63-1 and subsequently analyzed for nodule numbers and nodule dry weight in their symbiotic systems with rhizobia.The findings revealed that Y63-1 effectively formed nodules with all ten soybean varieties tested.In summary,our current study identified highly efficient broad-spectrum Bradyrhizobium elkanii strain Y63-1 as the predominant strain in Zhongdou 63 and provided a theoretical foundation for enhancing yield potential not only in Zhongdou 63 but also in other varieties through inoculation with highly efficient rhizobia in production.
基金supported by the National Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects(2006ZX08004-005)。
文摘Soybean(Glycine max)is a legume crop with great economic value that provides rich protein and oil for human food and animal feed.In order to cope with the ever-increasing need for soybean products and the changing environment,soybean genetic improvement needs to be accelerated.In recent years,the rapid developed genome editing technologies,such as zinc finger nuclease(ZFNs),transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs),and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein(CRISPR/Cas),have shown broad application prospects in gene function research and improvement of important agronomic traits in many crops,and has also brought opportunities for soybean breeding.Here we systematically reviewed recent advances in genome editing technology.We also summarized the significances,current applications,challenges and future perspectives in soybean genome editing,which could provide references for exerting the feature and advantage of this technology to better soybean improvement.
基金funded by the China Agriculture Research System(CAAS-04-PS08)the National Transgenic Project of China(2014ZX08004-005)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of China
文摘Plants have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms against herbivores to help them adapt to the environment. Understanding the defense mechanisms in plants can help us control insects in a more effective manner. In this study, we found that compared with Tianlong 2(a cultivated soybean with insect susceptibility), ED059(a wild soybean line with insect resistance)contains sharper pubescence tips, as well as lower transcript levels of wound-induced protein kinase(WIPK) and salicylic acid-induced protein kinase(SIPK), which are important mitogen-activated protein kinases involved in early defense response to herbivores. The observed lower transcript levels of WIPK and SIPK induced higher levels of jasmonic acid(JA), JA biosynthesis enzymes(AOC3) and some secondary metabolites in ED059. Functional analysis of the KTI1 gene via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Arabidopsis thaliana indicated that it plays an important role in herbivore defense in ED059. We further investigated the molecular response of third-instar Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner) larvae to Tianlong 2 and ED059. We found apoptotic cells only in the midguts of larvae that fed on ED059. Compared with larvae reared on the susceptible cultivar Tianlong 2, transcript levels of catalase(CAT) and glutathione S-transferase(GST) were up-regulated, whereas those of CAR, CHSB, and TRY were down-regulated in larvae that fed on the highly resistant variety ED059. We propose that these differences underlie the different herbivore defense responses of ED059 and Tianlong 2.
基金supported by Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province of China (No. 2023-JCYB-574)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62304178)。
文摘A 10 × 10 solar-blind ultraviolet(UV) imaging array with double-layer wire structure was prepared based on Ga_(2)O_(3) film grown by atomic layer deposition. These single detection units in the array exhibit excellent performance at 3 V: photo-todark current ratio(PDCR) of 5.5 × 10^(5), responsivity(R) of 4.28 A/W, external quantum efficiency(EQE) of 2.1 × 10^(3)%, detectivity(D*) of 1.5 × 10^(14) Jones, and fast response time. The photodetector array shows high uniformity under different light intensity and low operating bias. The array also has good temperature stability. Under 300 ℃, it still presents clear imaging and keeps high R of 34.4 and 6.45 A/W at 5 and 1 V, respectively. This work provides a new insight for the large-scale array of Ga_(2)O_(3) solarblind UV detectors.
基金This work was financially supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(31971308 and 82102767)National S&T Major Project(2019ZX09301-147)+1 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2021YFS0081)Luzhou Science and Technology Plan(2018CDLZ-10).
文摘The combination of photothermal therapywith chemotherapy has gradually developed into promising cancer therapy.Here,a synergistic photothermal-chemotherapy nanoplatform based on polydopamine(PDA)-coated gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)were facilely achieved via the in situ polymerization of dopamine(DA)on the surface of AuNPs.This nanoplatform exhibited augmented photothermal conversion efficiency and enhanced colloidal stability in comparison with uncoated PDA shell AuNPs.The i-motif DNA nanostructure was assembled on PDA-coated AuNPs,which could be transformed into a C-quadruplex structure under an acidic environment,showing a characteristic pH response.The PDA shell served as a linker between the AuNPs and the i-motif DNA nanostructure.To enhance the specific cellular uptake,the AS1411 aptamer was introduced to the DNA nanostructure employed as a targeting ligand.In addition,Dox-loaded NPs(DAu@PDA-AS141)showed the pH/photothermal-responsive release of Dox.The photothermal effect of DAu@PDA-AS141 elicited excellent photothermal performance and efficient cancer cell inhibition under 808 nm near-infrared(NIR)irradiation.Overall,these results demonstrate that the DAu@PDA-AS141 nanoplatform shows great potential in synergistic photothermal-chemotherapy.
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701346)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution(1610172018001)+1 种基金National Transgenic Project of China(2016ZX08004-005)Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS(CAAS-ASTIP-2016OCRI)。
文摘Soybean(Glycine max)is one of the most important economic legume crops with largest planting area,and is also an important oil crop,as well as food and feed material.Soybean-rhizobia symbiosis plays important roles in plant cultivation and fertilizer application.However,there are many problems in agricultural application of soybean symbiotic nitrogen fixation.In this review,we summarized three restriction factors(host specificity,low nitrogen fixation efficiency and abiotic stress)and discussed research progresses of these factors.Clarification of host specific mechanism will help to select and apply rhizobia inoculants.Both maintaining high nitrogenase activity and delaying nodule senescence can improve the efficiency of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.Abiotic stress-tolerant rhizobia can improve the abiotic stress tolerance of soybean.Breeding stress tolerant genotypes of soybean and rhizobia,obtaining correlated genes are the common strategies to improve soybean symbiotic nitrogen fixation under extreme conditions.Regulatory mechanisms of these restriction factors are still poorly understood and needs further clarification.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51671105 and 51705244)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20170790)+2 种基金the Project Funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M661826)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing(No.IADL20190202)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Effective oil-water separation is a continuous pursuit,not only for scientific research but also for engineering application,because oil spills are causing the great pollution in the current ocean environment.Here we reported a superhydrophobic coated-mesh,where the coatings were composed of fluorinated silica(F-SiO2)and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS),demonstrating the excellent oil-water separation ability towards various organic liquids.The introduction of F-SiO2 could well induce a certain extent of microscopic roughness,leading to the remarkable water repellence.The resultant coatings exhibited the robust superhydrophobicity with the water contact angle reaching 155.9°±1.0°.On this basis,the pore size of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)mesh materials(as a substrate)was mainly discussed with the great oil-water separation efficiency of as high as 98%towards various organic liquids.Also,under the assistance of physical model,it was confirmed that there was a mechanical relation between pore size and organic liquids,where the main connotation was the matching issue of surface tension of organic liquids with the geometrical mechanic(induced by the pore size of the superhydrophobic coated-mesh).This work on the size effect of superhydrophobic coated-mesh materials on various organic liquids is beneficial to the design and manu facture of ideal oil-water separation materials.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51671105,51705244)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20170790)+2 种基金the Project Funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M661826)Fund of State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics(SKLA2019020401)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing(No.IADL20190202).
文摘The aim of this study is to explore the heterogeneous ice nucleation behavior based on controllable micro-cubic array structure surfaces from the statistic perspective.To this end,we firstly constructed a group of micro-cubic array structures on silicon substrates by a selective plasma etching technique.After grafting low-free-energy substance,the as-constructed micro-cubic array structure surfaces exhibited higher non-wettability with the water contact angle being up to 150°.On this basis,500 cycles of freezing and melting processes were accurately recorded to analyze the instantaneous ice nucleation behavior according to the statistical results of freezing temperature.As a consequence,the statistical freezing temperature of the sample with micro-spacing distance of 40μm is as low as−17.13°C.This microstructure configuration(conforming to Cassie-Baxter wetting regime)not only could entrap more air pockets,but also achieved lower solid-liquid contact area,resulting in lower ice nucleation rate(~2–3 orders of magnitude less than that on the flat substrate).Furthermore,the gradually increasing micro-spacing distance to 60μm would induce the transition from CassieBaxter to Wenzel wetting state,leading to higher freezing probability and ice nucleation rate.The complete understanding on microstructure configuration improving the ice nucleation will lay the foundation stone for the microstructure design of ice-repellent materials.
