Model-free,data-driven prediction of chaotic motions is a long-standing challenge in nonlinear science.Stimulated by the recent progress in machine learning,considerable attention has been given to the inference of ch...Model-free,data-driven prediction of chaotic motions is a long-standing challenge in nonlinear science.Stimulated by the recent progress in machine learning,considerable attention has been given to the inference of chaos by the technique of reservoir computing(RC).In particular,by incorporating a parameter-control channel into the standard RC,it is demonstrated that the machine is able to not only replicate the dynamics of the training states,but also infer new dynamics not included in the training set.The new machine-learning scheme,termed parameter-aware RC,opens up new avenues for data-based analysis of chaotic systems,and holds promise for predicting and controlling many real-world complex systems.Here,using typical chaotic systems as examples,we give a comprehensive introduction to this powerful machine-learning technique,including the algorithm,the implementation,the performance,and the open questions calling for further studies.展开更多
Content caching is a core component in Named Data Networking(NDN),where content is cached in routers and served for future requests.However,the adversary can launch verification attack by placing poisoned data into th...Content caching is a core component in Named Data Networking(NDN),where content is cached in routers and served for future requests.However,the adversary can launch verification attack by placing poisoned data into the network with a legitimate name and allow the routers in the delivery path to frequently identify the content.Since NDN employs digital signature on each piece of content,verifying all content will exhaust routers’computational resources due to the massive data in the network.In this paper,we propose a selective verification scheme upon the contents that are hit in the content store and allow the contents that are not actually served to be unverified.We also consider the redundant verification of popular content and incorporated in our design to lessen the re-accessing overhead.Analysis and performance results show that the proposed scheme can greatly mitigate the risk of content verification attacks and save the computational resources of relay nodes.展开更多
The author Zhiqiang Ruan has plagiarized parts of a paper that had already appeared in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security in 2017 titled"Security of Cached Content in NDN."vol.12,no.12,p...The author Zhiqiang Ruan has plagiarized parts of a paper that had already appeared in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security in 2017 titled"Security of Cached Content in NDN."vol.12,no.12,pp.2933-2944,DOI:10.1109/TIFS.2017.2725229.Upon request of original authors,Tech Science Press conducted an institutional investigation which confirmed the misconduct.During the investigation,the corresponding author Zhiqiang Ruan also declared that he submitted the paper without knowledge and permission of Haibo Luo,Wenzhong Lin and Jie Wang in the author list.展开更多
The effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on postharvest quality of Zizania latifolia during storage at 25˚C were investigated. The results pointed out that a postharvest application of 1-MCP maintained the good vis...The effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on postharvest quality of Zizania latifolia during storage at 25˚C were investigated. The results pointed out that a postharvest application of 1-MCP maintained the good visual appearance of fresh Z. latifolia, inhibited browning, mildew and weight loss at the bottom of Z. latifolia, and there is no significant changes on L, a*, b* and ΔE during the whole storage period. In addition, 1-MCP treatment inhibited the respiratory intensity of Z. latifolia during the first three days of storage, but it was significantly higher than that of the control on the sixth day of storage. Compared with the control, 1-MCP treatment maintained relatively high SOD, CAT, APX activities and low PAL, POD, PLD, lipase and LOX activities, delayed the decline of AsA content, reduced the accumulation of O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA, and ultimately maintained the integrity of cell structure and delayed the senescence of Z. latifolia. In addition, positive effects of 1-MCP on maintaining the cell structure integrity were observed in this investigation throughout the storage period at 25˚C.展开更多
Lignification is a typical senescence characteristic of postharvest Lei bamboo(Phyllostachys violascens)shoots during storage,which greatly limits its edible value and shelf life.In this study,the underlying molecular...Lignification is a typical senescence characteristic of postharvest Lei bamboo(Phyllostachys violascens)shoots during storage,which greatly limits its edible value and shelf life.In this study,the underlying molecular mechanism of lignification in bamboo shoots during storage at 20±4℃ was elucidated using quality and physiochemical indices,as well as integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses.The results revealed increased weight loss,browning,cellulose,and lignin contents of bamboo shoots during storage.Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity peaked at 3 d,while 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase(4CL)and peroxidase(POD)activity increased continuously.Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity reached its lowest point on day 3 but recovered to a level close to that of day 0 by day 6.Combined transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses identified seven lignification-related genes(PvC4H-1,Pv4CL-1,PvCAD-1,PvHCT-1,PvCCoAOMT-1,PvF5H-1,and PvF5H-2)and three metabolites(ferulic acid,(E)-ferulic acid,and p-coumaroyl quinic acid)that may be closely associated with lignin biosynthesis.We speculate that the lignin present in Lei bamboo shoots is mainly guaiacyl(G)-lignin and syringyl(S)-lignin.Our findings provide new insight into the lignification mechanism in postharvest bamboo shoots during storage at ambient temperature.展开更多
Sustained intake of ACE inhibitory peptides derived from dietary proteins contributes to the prevention of hypertension.Peptide Arg-Leu-Ser-Asn-Pro(RLSFNP)obtained by fermentation of yogurt with Lactobacillus helvetic...Sustained intake of ACE inhibitory peptides derived from dietary proteins contributes to the prevention of hypertension.Peptide Arg-Leu-Ser-Asn-Pro(RLSFNP)obtained by fermentation of yogurt with Lactobacillus helveticus LB10 has been found to have ACE inhibitory capability in vitro.This study aimed to explore the effects and regulatory mechanisms of ACE inhibitory peptide RLSFNP on hypertension and gut microbiota dysbiosis in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats(SHRs).According to the experimental results,when ACE inhibitory peptide was administered orally at different dose levels(60,30,and 15 mg/kg BW),the systolic blood pressure of SHRs was markedly reduced.Specifically,SHR blood pressure was reduced by(21.8±1.3 mmHg)in the mid-dose group in the short-term trial.By assaying ACE content in serum and tissues,RLSFNP can rebalance the reninangiotensin system(RAS)signaling,thereby controlling blood pressure.In addition,analysis of reactive oxygen species(ROS)-related factors revealed that long-term gavage of the ACE inhibitory peptide RLSFNP affected the release of endothelial cytokines to a certain extent and effectively reduced the production of malondialdehyde(MDA).In further experiments,the ACE inhibitor RLSFNP had a potassium-preserving effect and significantly reduced the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and total cholesterol.16S rRNA results showed that the abundances of f-Ruminococcaceae-unclassified,f-Lachnospiraceae-unclassified,and Corynebacterium were increased by the ACE inhibitor RLSFNP in the group with the intervention of RLSFNP.There was a notable increase in specific flora in the high-dose group with Bacteroides,f-Muribaculaceae,and Ruminococcus-1.In conclusion,the ACE inhibitory peptide RLSFNP improves the renal RAS and ROS and modulates gut microbiota homeostasis,renal tissue damage,and lung injury.These findings give a solid scientific foundation for the use of whey protein-derived ACE inhibitory peptide,RLSFNP,as a potential functional food.展开更多
Food-derived cholesterol-lowering peptides have the practical benefit of inhibiting lipid absorption and regu-lating systemic cholesterol homeostasis.This work aimed to explore the antihyperlipidemia function of milk ...Food-derived cholesterol-lowering peptides have the practical benefit of inhibiting lipid absorption and regu-lating systemic cholesterol homeostasis.This work aimed to explore the antihyperlipidemia function of milk casein-derived peptides Leu-Gln-Pro-Glu(LQPE),Val-Leu-Pro-Val-Pro-Gln(VLPVPQ),and Val-Ala-Pro-Phe-Pro-Glu(VAPFPE)and investigated whether the function of these peptides affected the gut microbiome.Accord-ing to the experimental findings,lipid metabolism disorder in hyperlipidemia mice was improved to various degrees by all three peptides,which dramatically lowered the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and triglyceride(TG)in the serum and inhibited the buildup of lipids in the liver and the development of steatosis.VAPFPE was found to reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption and the formation of cholesterol esters by inhibiting hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α(HNF4α),niemann-pick C1-like 1(NPC1L1),and acetyl coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2(ACAT2)expression and increase intestinal cholesterol efflux through up-regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter G8(ABCG8).VAPFPE also maintained cholesterol homeostasis by up-regulating liver low-density lipoprotein receptor(LDL-R)expression.The 16S rRNA analysis revealed that all three pep-tides improve the gut microbial composition,and VAPFPE specifically encouraged a rise in the proportional abundance of Bifidobacterium.The results shed light on the potential applications of bioactive peptides as functional health foods for lowering cholesterol.展开更多
The synergistic mechanisms of ultrasound combined plasma-activated water(US-PAW)against Listeria innocua were investigated with the intention of crayfish disinfection.US and PAW showed a significantly synergistic effe...The synergistic mechanisms of ultrasound combined plasma-activated water(US-PAW)against Listeria innocua were investigated with the intention of crayfish disinfection.US and PAW showed a significantly synergistic effect against L.innocua at 7 min.Specifically,no significant change was observed in the CK(sterile water)and US treatment groups as the duration of treatment increased.At 7 min,the reduction of L.innocua achieved by US-PAW treatment was 4.49 Log CFU/mL,which was significantly higher(p<0.05)than the reduction for PAW treatment(2.46 Log CFU/mL).Furthermore,the Weibull model demonstrated superior efficacy in fitting the kinetic inactivation curves of L.innocua throughout the US,PAW,and US-PAW treatments.In addition,PAW disrupted the morphology of L.innocua and increased the electrical conductivity of the bacterial suspension,accelerated leakage of proteins and nucleic acids from cells and increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species content,which was further promoted by US-PAW.The molecular mechanisms underlying these pheno-typic changes were investigated using untargeted metabolomics.The results indicated that US exacerbated the destruction of PAW on the nucleotide,glycerolipid,peptidoglycan and amino acids metabolism,further affecting the metabolism of various substances and energy in cells,ultimately leading to cell death.Besides,US-PAW showed significant antibacterial effects on L.innocua in crayfish with minor effects on the sensory characteris-tics.These findings provided theoretical support for the application of US-PAW in crayfish disinfection.展开更多
Ready-to-eat wine-pickled mud snails(Bullacta exarata)typically host a large number of microorganisms and are frequently contaminated with pathogenic bacteria during processing,resulting in a higher risk for foodborne...Ready-to-eat wine-pickled mud snails(Bullacta exarata)typically host a large number of microorganisms and are frequently contaminated with pathogenic bacteria during processing,resulting in a higher risk for foodborne illness with consumption.In this study,the decontamination effects of different treatment methods,including the use of ultrasonic cleaning(USC),natural chemicals,and ultra-high pressure(UHP),on the quality and safety of pickled mud snails were investigated by assessing the total viable count(TVC),total volatile base nitrogen(TVB-N)content,thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance(TBARS),and pH value of the products after 12 months of storage at-20℃.Treatment with 200 W USC for 5 min was the most effective approach for reducing TVC in raw mud snails,with a minimal change in food quality.Natural chemical treatment or UHP treatment significantly inhibited the increase inTVC,pH,and TBARS and TVB-N accumulation compared with the control group;however,their combined treatment had no synergistic effect.In contrast,the combined chemical treatment was more effective in inhibiting changes in the above indices in pickled mud snails than UHP treatment alone or combined chemicals+UHP treatment.In addition,the bacterial diversity of pickled mud snails before and after 12 months of storage at-20℃was determined using lllumina MiSeq sequencing.Our results indicated that USC combined with natural chemicals can be utilized commercially to maintain the quality and safety of pickled mud snails during storage at-20℃.展开更多
To understand the mechanism governing the postharvest senescence of Zizania latifolia(Z.latifolia),and the regulatory mechanism induced by 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)during storage at 25℃,physiobiochemical and conjoi...To understand the mechanism governing the postharvest senescence of Zizania latifolia(Z.latifolia),and the regulatory mechanism induced by 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)during storage at 25℃,physiobiochemical and conjoint analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome were performed.The results indicated that 1-MCP treatment engendered changes in the expression of genes and metabolites during the postharvest storage of Z.latifolia.The 1-MCP treatment maintained a good visual appearance,preserved the cell structure and membrane integrity of Z.latifolia by keeping the expression of membrane-related lipolytic enzymes(and related genes)low and the amount of phosphatidylethanolamine high.Compared to the control group,1-MCP treatment enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes,resulting in a decrease of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde contents,and thus inhibition of oxidative damage and loss of membrane integrity.In addition,1-MCP treatment retarded the senescence of Z.latifolia by downregulating the expression of ethylene biosynthesis-related genes and promoting upregulation of brassinosteroid insensitive 1 kinase inhibitor 1,calmodulin,glutathione reductase,jasmonate amino acid synthase,and mitogen-activated protein kinase-related genes.Moreover,1-MCP retarded Z.latifolia senescence by inducing the activity of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)biosynthesis-related genes and metabolites.Our findings should facilitate future research on the postharvest storage of Z.latifolia,and could help delay senescence and prolong the storage time for commercial applications.展开更多
The task to identify whether an archival malignant tumor specimen had been mislabeled or interchanged is a challenging one for forensic genetic&The nuclear DNA(nDNA)markers were affected by the aberration of tumor...The task to identify whether an archival malignant tumor specimen had been mislabeled or interchanged is a challenging one for forensic genetic&The nuclear DNA(nDNA)markers were affected by the aberration of tumor cells,so they were not suitable for personal identification when the tumor tissues were tested.In this study,we focused on a new solution-mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphism(mtSNP)haplotyping by a multiplex SNaPshot assay.To validate our strategy of haplotyping with 25 mtSNPs,we analyzed 15 pairs of cancerous/healthy tissues taken from patients with ductal breast carcinoma.The haplotypes of all the fifteen breast cancer tissues were matched with their paired breast tissues.The heteroplasmy at 2 sites,14783A/G and 16519C/T was observed in one breast tissue,which indicated a mixture of related mitochondrial haplotypes.However,only one haplotype was retained in the paired breast cancer tissue,which could be considered the result of proliferation of tumor subclone.The allele drop-out and allele drop-in were observed when 39 STRs and 20 tri-allelic SNPs of nDNA were applied.Compared to nDNA markers applied,25 mtSNPs were more stable without interference from aberrance of breast cancer.Also,two cases were presented where the investigation of haplotype with 25 mtSNPs was used to prove the origin of biopsy specimen with breast cancer.The mislabeling of biopsy specimen with breast cancer could be certified in one case but could not be supported in the other case.We highlight the importance of stability of mtSNP haplotype in breast cancer.It was implied that our multiplex SNaPshot assay with 25 mtSNPs was a useful strategy to identify mislabeled breast cancer specimen.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12275165)XGW was also supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.GK202202003).
文摘Model-free,data-driven prediction of chaotic motions is a long-standing challenge in nonlinear science.Stimulated by the recent progress in machine learning,considerable attention has been given to the inference of chaos by the technique of reservoir computing(RC).In particular,by incorporating a parameter-control channel into the standard RC,it is demonstrated that the machine is able to not only replicate the dynamics of the training states,but also infer new dynamics not included in the training set.The new machine-learning scheme,termed parameter-aware RC,opens up new avenues for data-based analysis of chaotic systems,and holds promise for predicting and controlling many real-world complex systems.Here,using typical chaotic systems as examples,we give a comprehensive introduction to this powerful machine-learning technique,including the algorithm,the implementation,the performance,and the open questions calling for further studies.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Grant number:2018J01544)the Key Project of Natural Foundation for Young in Colleges of Fujian Province(Grant number:JZ160466)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Program of Outstanding Young Talents in Universities of Fujian Provincethe Scientific Research Project from Minjiang University(Grant numbers:MYK16001 and MYK17025)Fujian provincial leading project(Grant number:2017H0029).
文摘Content caching is a core component in Named Data Networking(NDN),where content is cached in routers and served for future requests.However,the adversary can launch verification attack by placing poisoned data into the network with a legitimate name and allow the routers in the delivery path to frequently identify the content.Since NDN employs digital signature on each piece of content,verifying all content will exhaust routers’computational resources due to the massive data in the network.In this paper,we propose a selective verification scheme upon the contents that are hit in the content store and allow the contents that are not actually served to be unverified.We also consider the redundant verification of popular content and incorporated in our design to lessen the re-accessing overhead.Analysis and performance results show that the proposed scheme can greatly mitigate the risk of content verification attacks and save the computational resources of relay nodes.
文摘The author Zhiqiang Ruan has plagiarized parts of a paper that had already appeared in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security in 2017 titled"Security of Cached Content in NDN."vol.12,no.12,pp.2933-2944,DOI:10.1109/TIFS.2017.2725229.Upon request of original authors,Tech Science Press conducted an institutional investigation which confirmed the misconduct.During the investigation,the corresponding author Zhiqiang Ruan also declared that he submitted the paper without knowledge and permission of Haibo Luo,Wenzhong Lin and Jie Wang in the author list.
文摘The effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on postharvest quality of Zizania latifolia during storage at 25˚C were investigated. The results pointed out that a postharvest application of 1-MCP maintained the good visual appearance of fresh Z. latifolia, inhibited browning, mildew and weight loss at the bottom of Z. latifolia, and there is no significant changes on L, a*, b* and ΔE during the whole storage period. In addition, 1-MCP treatment inhibited the respiratory intensity of Z. latifolia during the first three days of storage, but it was significantly higher than that of the control on the sixth day of storage. Compared with the control, 1-MCP treatment maintained relatively high SOD, CAT, APX activities and low PAL, POD, PLD, lipase and LOX activities, delayed the decline of AsA content, reduced the accumulation of O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA, and ultimately maintained the integrity of cell structure and delayed the senescence of Z. latifolia. In addition, positive effects of 1-MCP on maintaining the cell structure integrity were observed in this investigation throughout the storage period at 25˚C.
基金supported by the Central Guidance for Local Scientific and Technological Development Foundation,China(No.202407AC110018)the Yunnan Province Innovation Guidance and Technological Innovation-based Enterprises Cultivation Project,China(Nos.202404BU09006 and 202304BI090032-23)the Yunnan Academician(Expert)Workstation Project,China(No.202405AF140080).
文摘Lignification is a typical senescence characteristic of postharvest Lei bamboo(Phyllostachys violascens)shoots during storage,which greatly limits its edible value and shelf life.In this study,the underlying molecular mechanism of lignification in bamboo shoots during storage at 20±4℃ was elucidated using quality and physiochemical indices,as well as integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses.The results revealed increased weight loss,browning,cellulose,and lignin contents of bamboo shoots during storage.Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity peaked at 3 d,while 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase(4CL)and peroxidase(POD)activity increased continuously.Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity reached its lowest point on day 3 but recovered to a level close to that of day 0 by day 6.Combined transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses identified seven lignification-related genes(PvC4H-1,Pv4CL-1,PvCAD-1,PvHCT-1,PvCCoAOMT-1,PvF5H-1,and PvF5H-2)and three metabolites(ferulic acid,(E)-ferulic acid,and p-coumaroyl quinic acid)that may be closely associated with lignin biosynthesis.We speculate that the lignin present in Lei bamboo shoots is mainly guaiacyl(G)-lignin and syringyl(S)-lignin.Our findings provide new insight into the lignification mechanism in postharvest bamboo shoots during storage at ambient temperature.
基金supported by the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation and Popularization Project in Jiangsu Province,China(LYKJ[2022]12)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372355)+1 种基金Food Science and Technology Fund of China Institute of Food Science and Technology-Abbott Special Research Fund for Food Nutrition and Safety(2021-F02)The State Key Laboratory Program(2021DG700024-KF202424).
文摘Sustained intake of ACE inhibitory peptides derived from dietary proteins contributes to the prevention of hypertension.Peptide Arg-Leu-Ser-Asn-Pro(RLSFNP)obtained by fermentation of yogurt with Lactobacillus helveticus LB10 has been found to have ACE inhibitory capability in vitro.This study aimed to explore the effects and regulatory mechanisms of ACE inhibitory peptide RLSFNP on hypertension and gut microbiota dysbiosis in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats(SHRs).According to the experimental results,when ACE inhibitory peptide was administered orally at different dose levels(60,30,and 15 mg/kg BW),the systolic blood pressure of SHRs was markedly reduced.Specifically,SHR blood pressure was reduced by(21.8±1.3 mmHg)in the mid-dose group in the short-term trial.By assaying ACE content in serum and tissues,RLSFNP can rebalance the reninangiotensin system(RAS)signaling,thereby controlling blood pressure.In addition,analysis of reactive oxygen species(ROS)-related factors revealed that long-term gavage of the ACE inhibitory peptide RLSFNP affected the release of endothelial cytokines to a certain extent and effectively reduced the production of malondialdehyde(MDA).In further experiments,the ACE inhibitor RLSFNP had a potassium-preserving effect and significantly reduced the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and total cholesterol.16S rRNA results showed that the abundances of f-Ruminococcaceae-unclassified,f-Lachnospiraceae-unclassified,and Corynebacterium were increased by the ACE inhibitor RLSFNP in the group with the intervention of RLSFNP.There was a notable increase in specific flora in the high-dose group with Bacteroides,f-Muribaculaceae,and Ruminococcus-1.In conclusion,the ACE inhibitory peptide RLSFNP improves the renal RAS and ROS and modulates gut microbiota homeostasis,renal tissue damage,and lung injury.These findings give a solid scientific foundation for the use of whey protein-derived ACE inhibitory peptide,RLSFNP,as a potential functional food.
基金co-financed by the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation and Popularization Project in Jiangsu Province,China(LYKJ[2022]12)the Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372355)+1 种基金Food Science and Technology Fund of China Institute of Food Science and Technology-Abbott Special Research Fund for Food Nutrition and Safety(2021-F02)Scientific research project of Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Limited Liability Company(100803-2023-KY-00314).
文摘Food-derived cholesterol-lowering peptides have the practical benefit of inhibiting lipid absorption and regu-lating systemic cholesterol homeostasis.This work aimed to explore the antihyperlipidemia function of milk casein-derived peptides Leu-Gln-Pro-Glu(LQPE),Val-Leu-Pro-Val-Pro-Gln(VLPVPQ),and Val-Ala-Pro-Phe-Pro-Glu(VAPFPE)and investigated whether the function of these peptides affected the gut microbiome.Accord-ing to the experimental findings,lipid metabolism disorder in hyperlipidemia mice was improved to various degrees by all three peptides,which dramatically lowered the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and triglyceride(TG)in the serum and inhibited the buildup of lipids in the liver and the development of steatosis.VAPFPE was found to reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption and the formation of cholesterol esters by inhibiting hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α(HNF4α),niemann-pick C1-like 1(NPC1L1),and acetyl coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2(ACAT2)expression and increase intestinal cholesterol efflux through up-regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter G8(ABCG8).VAPFPE also maintained cholesterol homeostasis by up-regulating liver low-density lipoprotein receptor(LDL-R)expression.The 16S rRNA analysis revealed that all three pep-tides improve the gut microbial composition,and VAPFPE specifically encouraged a rise in the proportional abundance of Bifidobacterium.The results shed light on the potential applications of bioactive peptides as functional health foods for lowering cholesterol.
基金the support from the Jiangsu Agricul-tural Science and Technology Innovation Fund[CX(21)2030]the Basic Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences[ZX(22)5004]Jiangsu modern agriculture(Procambarus clarkii)industrial technology system[JATS[2022]444].
文摘The synergistic mechanisms of ultrasound combined plasma-activated water(US-PAW)against Listeria innocua were investigated with the intention of crayfish disinfection.US and PAW showed a significantly synergistic effect against L.innocua at 7 min.Specifically,no significant change was observed in the CK(sterile water)and US treatment groups as the duration of treatment increased.At 7 min,the reduction of L.innocua achieved by US-PAW treatment was 4.49 Log CFU/mL,which was significantly higher(p<0.05)than the reduction for PAW treatment(2.46 Log CFU/mL).Furthermore,the Weibull model demonstrated superior efficacy in fitting the kinetic inactivation curves of L.innocua throughout the US,PAW,and US-PAW treatments.In addition,PAW disrupted the morphology of L.innocua and increased the electrical conductivity of the bacterial suspension,accelerated leakage of proteins and nucleic acids from cells and increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species content,which was further promoted by US-PAW.The molecular mechanisms underlying these pheno-typic changes were investigated using untargeted metabolomics.The results indicated that US exacerbated the destruction of PAW on the nucleotide,glycerolipid,peptidoglycan and amino acids metabolism,further affecting the metabolism of various substances and energy in cells,ultimately leading to cell death.Besides,US-PAW showed significant antibacterial effects on L.innocua in crayfish with minor effects on the sensory characteris-tics.These findings provided theoretical support for the application of US-PAW in crayfish disinfection.
基金the Major Project of Agricultural in Ningbo(No.2017C110009),China.
文摘Ready-to-eat wine-pickled mud snails(Bullacta exarata)typically host a large number of microorganisms and are frequently contaminated with pathogenic bacteria during processing,resulting in a higher risk for foodborne illness with consumption.In this study,the decontamination effects of different treatment methods,including the use of ultrasonic cleaning(USC),natural chemicals,and ultra-high pressure(UHP),on the quality and safety of pickled mud snails were investigated by assessing the total viable count(TVC),total volatile base nitrogen(TVB-N)content,thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance(TBARS),and pH value of the products after 12 months of storage at-20℃.Treatment with 200 W USC for 5 min was the most effective approach for reducing TVC in raw mud snails,with a minimal change in food quality.Natural chemical treatment or UHP treatment significantly inhibited the increase inTVC,pH,and TBARS and TVB-N accumulation compared with the control group;however,their combined treatment had no synergistic effect.In contrast,the combined chemical treatment was more effective in inhibiting changes in the above indices in pickled mud snails than UHP treatment alone or combined chemicals+UHP treatment.In addition,the bacterial diversity of pickled mud snails before and after 12 months of storage at-20℃was determined using lllumina MiSeq sequencing.Our results indicated that USC combined with natural chemicals can be utilized commercially to maintain the quality and safety of pickled mud snails during storage at-20℃.
基金the Qingchuang Science and Technology Support Program of Shandong Provincial College(Lujiaorenzi[2019]No.0.6)the Research Start-up Funding from Nanjing Normal University(184080H202B117)the Doctoral Fund(XY 19BS18)of Heze University(provided to Huibo Song),China.
文摘To understand the mechanism governing the postharvest senescence of Zizania latifolia(Z.latifolia),and the regulatory mechanism induced by 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)during storage at 25℃,physiobiochemical and conjoint analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome were performed.The results indicated that 1-MCP treatment engendered changes in the expression of genes and metabolites during the postharvest storage of Z.latifolia.The 1-MCP treatment maintained a good visual appearance,preserved the cell structure and membrane integrity of Z.latifolia by keeping the expression of membrane-related lipolytic enzymes(and related genes)low and the amount of phosphatidylethanolamine high.Compared to the control group,1-MCP treatment enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes,resulting in a decrease of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde contents,and thus inhibition of oxidative damage and loss of membrane integrity.In addition,1-MCP treatment retarded the senescence of Z.latifolia by downregulating the expression of ethylene biosynthesis-related genes and promoting upregulation of brassinosteroid insensitive 1 kinase inhibitor 1,calmodulin,glutathione reductase,jasmonate amino acid synthase,and mitogen-activated protein kinase-related genes.Moreover,1-MCP retarded Z.latifolia senescence by inducing the activity of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)biosynthesis-related genes and metabolites.Our findings should facilitate future research on the postharvest storage of Z.latifolia,and could help delay senescence and prolong the storage time for commercial applications.
基金supported by the grants from the Five-twelfth National Science and Technology Support Program of China(2012BAK16B01)from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81330073).
文摘The task to identify whether an archival malignant tumor specimen had been mislabeled or interchanged is a challenging one for forensic genetic&The nuclear DNA(nDNA)markers were affected by the aberration of tumor cells,so they were not suitable for personal identification when the tumor tissues were tested.In this study,we focused on a new solution-mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphism(mtSNP)haplotyping by a multiplex SNaPshot assay.To validate our strategy of haplotyping with 25 mtSNPs,we analyzed 15 pairs of cancerous/healthy tissues taken from patients with ductal breast carcinoma.The haplotypes of all the fifteen breast cancer tissues were matched with their paired breast tissues.The heteroplasmy at 2 sites,14783A/G and 16519C/T was observed in one breast tissue,which indicated a mixture of related mitochondrial haplotypes.However,only one haplotype was retained in the paired breast cancer tissue,which could be considered the result of proliferation of tumor subclone.The allele drop-out and allele drop-in were observed when 39 STRs and 20 tri-allelic SNPs of nDNA were applied.Compared to nDNA markers applied,25 mtSNPs were more stable without interference from aberrance of breast cancer.Also,two cases were presented where the investigation of haplotype with 25 mtSNPs was used to prove the origin of biopsy specimen with breast cancer.The mislabeling of biopsy specimen with breast cancer could be certified in one case but could not be supported in the other case.We highlight the importance of stability of mtSNP haplotype in breast cancer.It was implied that our multiplex SNaPshot assay with 25 mtSNPs was a useful strategy to identify mislabeled breast cancer specimen.
