The association between sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs)intake and hair loss condition might give scientific support for better dietary practices to prevent hair loss.We aimed to explore the association of SSBs intake ...The association between sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs)intake and hair loss condition might give scientific support for better dietary practices to prevent hair loss.We aimed to explore the association of SSBs intake with the hair loss condition in women.This online cross-sectional study,conducted from January 2022 to April 2022,recruited 1169 women aged 18-45 years from 31 provinces on mainland of China.We u sed the updated version of the 15-item Beverage Intake Questionnaire(BEVQ-15)to evaluate the usual beverage consumption over the past month and the Hair-Shedding Visual Scale for Asian Women(HSVS-A)to evaluate the extent of hair shedding.We utilized binary logistic regression to assess the association between SSBs intake and hair loss.Among 1169 female participants with an average age of 27.2,there were 211(18.0%)participants with hair loss.Compared with participants who never drank SSBs,those who drank m ore than 7 times/week or 1000 mL/week were more likely to have hair loss,with an adjusted odds ratio(OR)of 2.25(95%confidence interval(CI)=1.32,3.83)or 2.22(95%CI=1.28,3.85).Furthermore,the m ediation effect of anxiety status on the association between SSBs and female hair loss was observed,with a significant indirect effect(β_(indirect)=0.0199,95%CI=0.0032,0.0418).In conclusion,our study showed that w omen who consumed higher amounts of SSBs had an increased risk of hair loss,which might attract more attention from young women and benefit from reducing SSBs consumption.Further longitudinal and interventional studies are still needed to confirm the current association and provide evidenced-based health education.展开更多
This paper investigates the steady-state thermoelastic problem of a circular nanohole embedded in an infinitely large elastic plane subjected to a uniform far-field heat flux.A lowly conductive surface model is used t...This paper investigates the steady-state thermoelastic problem of a circular nanohole embedded in an infinitely large elastic plane subjected to a uniform far-field heat flux.A lowly conductive surface model is used to account for the effects of surface phonon scattering,while the complete Gurtin–Murdoch model is utilized to characterize the effects of surface tension and surface elasticity.The closed-form solution to the temperature and stress field surrounding the hole is derived in the context of complex variable methods.Several numerical examples are presented to analyze the influence of surface effects on thermal stress fields.It is shown that surface effects induce notable increases in normal and shear stresses around the hole.Specifically,all three stress components(hoop,normal,and shear)in the vicinity of the hole exhibit substantial augmentation with increasing surface tension and surface modulus.In particular,it is found that the presence of surface effects amplifies the variation in stress gradients and intensifies stress concentration around the hole.展开更多
Numerous researches have focused on the physical behavior of an elastic material in the vicinity of a single hole under the assumption that the interaction effects arising from the introduction of multiple holes remai...Numerous researches have focused on the physical behavior of an elastic material in the vicinity of a single hole under the assumption that the interaction effects arising from the introduction of multiple holes remain negligible if the holes are placed sufficiently far from each other.In an effort to understand hole interaction effects on heat conduction and thermal stress,we consider the case when two circular holes are embedded in an infinite elastic material and use complex variable methods together with numerical analysis to obtain solutions describing temperature and elastic fields in the vicinity of the two circular holes.The results indicate that the interaction effects on temperature distribution and stress strongly depend on the relative size of the two holes and the distance placed between them but not on the actual size of the holes.展开更多
Polar transport of the phytohormone auxin and the establishment of localized auxin maxima regulate em- bryonic development, stem cell maintenance, root and shoot architecture, and tropic growth responses. The past dec...Polar transport of the phytohormone auxin and the establishment of localized auxin maxima regulate em- bryonic development, stem cell maintenance, root and shoot architecture, and tropic growth responses. The past decade has been marked by dramatic progress in efforts to elucidate the complex mechanisms by which auxin transport regulates plant growth. As the understanding of auxin transport regulation has been increasingly elaborated, it has become clear that this process is involved in almost all plant growth and environmental responses in some way. However, we still lack information about some basic aspects of this fundamental regulatory mechanism. In this review, we present what we know （or what we think we know） and what we do not know about seven auxin-regulated processes. We discuss the role of auxin transport in gravitropism in primary and lateral roots, phototropism, shoot branching, leaf expansion, and venation. We also discuss the auxin reflux/fountain model at the root tip, flavonoid modulation of auxin transport processes, and outstanding aspects of post-translational regulation of auxin transporters. This discussion is not meant to be exhaustive, but highlights areas in which generally held assumptions require more substantive validation.展开更多
The remodeling of root architecture is a major developmental response of plants to phosphate （Pi） deficiency and is thought to enhance a plant＇s ability to forage for the available Pi in topsoil. The underlying mec...The remodeling of root architecture is a major developmental response of plants to phosphate （Pi） deficiency and is thought to enhance a plant＇s ability to forage for the available Pi in topsoil. The underlying mechanism controlling this response, however, is poorly understood. In this study, we identified an Arabidopsis mutant, hps 10 （hypersensitive to Pi starvation 10）, which is morphologically normal under Pi sufficient condition but shows increased inhibition of primary root growth and enhanced production of lateral roots under Pi defi- ciency, hpslO is a previously identified allele （als3-3） of the ALUMINUM SENSITIVE3 （ALS3） gene, which is involved in plant tolerance to aluminum toxicity. Our results show that ALS3 and its interacting protein AtSTAR1 form an ABC transporter complex in the tonoplast. This protein complex mediates a highly electro- genic transport in Xenopus oocytes. Under Pi deficiency, als3 accumulates higher levels of Fe3＋ in its roots than the wild type does. In Arabidopsis, LPR1 （LOW PHOSPHATE ROOT1） and LPR2 encode ferroxidases, which when mutated, reduce Fe3＋ accumulation in roots and cause root growth to be insensitive to Pi defi- ciency. Here, we provide compelling evidence showing that ALS3 cooperates with LPR1/2 to regulate Pi deficiency-induced remodeling of root architecture by modulating Fe homeostasis in roots.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Pregnancy is associated with increased risk for severe illness and complications attributable to influenza infection.Information about the incidence of influenza hospitalization ...What is already known about this topic?Pregnancy is associated with increased risk for severe illness and complications attributable to influenza infection.Information about the incidence of influenza hospitalization among pregnant and early postpartum women in China is limited.What is added by this report?Population-based data from a large city in southern China estimated the annual influenza hospitalization rate to be 2.1 per 1,000 live births.Among hospitalized pregnant and postpartum women with influenza,86%were admitted to obstetrics rather than respiratory medicine wards;fewer than one third received antiviral treatment.Influenza vaccination coverage among hospitalized pregnant and postpartum women with influenza was<0.1%.What are the implications for public health practice?Increasing vaccination coverage among pregnant women can reduce influenza-associated morbidity.Raising awareness about early detection,treatment,and infection control of influenza in obstetrics wards is needed to reduce the adverse impact of influenza on pregnant women.展开更多
文摘The association between sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs)intake and hair loss condition might give scientific support for better dietary practices to prevent hair loss.We aimed to explore the association of SSBs intake with the hair loss condition in women.This online cross-sectional study,conducted from January 2022 to April 2022,recruited 1169 women aged 18-45 years from 31 provinces on mainland of China.We u sed the updated version of the 15-item Beverage Intake Questionnaire(BEVQ-15)to evaluate the usual beverage consumption over the past month and the Hair-Shedding Visual Scale for Asian Women(HSVS-A)to evaluate the extent of hair shedding.We utilized binary logistic regression to assess the association between SSBs intake and hair loss.Among 1169 female participants with an average age of 27.2,there were 211(18.0%)participants with hair loss.Compared with participants who never drank SSBs,those who drank m ore than 7 times/week or 1000 mL/week were more likely to have hair loss,with an adjusted odds ratio(OR)of 2.25(95%confidence interval(CI)=1.32,3.83)or 2.22(95%CI=1.28,3.85).Furthermore,the m ediation effect of anxiety status on the association between SSBs and female hair loss was observed,with a significant indirect effect(β_(indirect)=0.0199,95%CI=0.0032,0.0418).In conclusion,our study showed that w omen who consumed higher amounts of SSBs had an increased risk of hair loss,which might attract more attention from young women and benefit from reducing SSBs consumption.Further longitudinal and interventional studies are still needed to confirm the current association and provide evidenced-based health education.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11902116)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2022A1515011773)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangzhou City(Grant No.202201010317).
文摘This paper investigates the steady-state thermoelastic problem of a circular nanohole embedded in an infinitely large elastic plane subjected to a uniform far-field heat flux.A lowly conductive surface model is used to account for the effects of surface phonon scattering,while the complete Gurtin–Murdoch model is utilized to characterize the effects of surface tension and surface elasticity.The closed-form solution to the temperature and stress field surrounding the hole is derived in the context of complex variable methods.Several numerical examples are presented to analyze the influence of surface effects on thermal stress fields.It is shown that surface effects induce notable increases in normal and shear stresses around the hole.Specifically,all three stress components(hoop,normal,and shear)in the vicinity of the hole exhibit substantial augmentation with increasing surface tension and surface modulus.In particular,it is found that the presence of surface effects amplifies the variation in stress gradients and intensifies stress concentration around the hole.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11902116)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M671313)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(No.RGPIN 155112)。
文摘Numerous researches have focused on the physical behavior of an elastic material in the vicinity of a single hole under the assumption that the interaction effects arising from the introduction of multiple holes remain negligible if the holes are placed sufficiently far from each other.In an effort to understand hole interaction effects on heat conduction and thermal stress,we consider the case when two circular holes are embedded in an infinite elastic material and use complex variable methods together with numerical analysis to obtain solutions describing temperature and elastic fields in the vicinity of the two circular holes.The results indicate that the interaction effects on temperature distribution and stress strongly depend on the relative size of the two holes and the distance placed between them but not on the actual size of the holes.
基金This work was funded by the National Science Foundation，A.S.M.and Purdue Agriculture Research Foundation grant to W.A.P
文摘Polar transport of the phytohormone auxin and the establishment of localized auxin maxima regulate em- bryonic development, stem cell maintenance, root and shoot architecture, and tropic growth responses. The past decade has been marked by dramatic progress in efforts to elucidate the complex mechanisms by which auxin transport regulates plant growth. As the understanding of auxin transport regulation has been increasingly elaborated, it has become clear that this process is involved in almost all plant growth and environmental responses in some way. However, we still lack information about some basic aspects of this fundamental regulatory mechanism. In this review, we present what we know （or what we think we know） and what we do not know about seven auxin-regulated processes. We discuss the role of auxin transport in gravitropism in primary and lateral roots, phototropism, shoot branching, leaf expansion, and venation. We also discuss the auxin reflux/fountain model at the root tip, flavonoid modulation of auxin transport processes, and outstanding aspects of post-translational regulation of auxin transporters. This discussion is not meant to be exhaustive, but highlights areas in which generally held assumptions require more substantive validation.
文摘The remodeling of root architecture is a major developmental response of plants to phosphate （Pi） deficiency and is thought to enhance a plant＇s ability to forage for the available Pi in topsoil. The underlying mechanism controlling this response, however, is poorly understood. In this study, we identified an Arabidopsis mutant, hps 10 （hypersensitive to Pi starvation 10）, which is morphologically normal under Pi sufficient condition but shows increased inhibition of primary root growth and enhanced production of lateral roots under Pi defi- ciency, hpslO is a previously identified allele （als3-3） of the ALUMINUM SENSITIVE3 （ALS3） gene, which is involved in plant tolerance to aluminum toxicity. Our results show that ALS3 and its interacting protein AtSTAR1 form an ABC transporter complex in the tonoplast. This protein complex mediates a highly electro- genic transport in Xenopus oocytes. Under Pi deficiency, als3 accumulates higher levels of Fe3＋ in its roots than the wild type does. In Arabidopsis, LPR1 （LOW PHOSPHATE ROOT1） and LPR2 encode ferroxidases, which when mutated, reduce Fe3＋ accumulation in roots and cause root growth to be insensitive to Pi defi- ciency. Here, we provide compelling evidence showing that ALS3 cooperates with LPR1/2 to regulate Pi deficiency-induced remodeling of root architecture by modulating Fe homeostasis in roots.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Pregnancy is associated with increased risk for severe illness and complications attributable to influenza infection.Information about the incidence of influenza hospitalization among pregnant and early postpartum women in China is limited.What is added by this report?Population-based data from a large city in southern China estimated the annual influenza hospitalization rate to be 2.1 per 1,000 live births.Among hospitalized pregnant and postpartum women with influenza,86%were admitted to obstetrics rather than respiratory medicine wards;fewer than one third received antiviral treatment.Influenza vaccination coverage among hospitalized pregnant and postpartum women with influenza was<0.1%.What are the implications for public health practice?Increasing vaccination coverage among pregnant women can reduce influenza-associated morbidity.Raising awareness about early detection,treatment,and infection control of influenza in obstetrics wards is needed to reduce the adverse impact of influenza on pregnant women.
