The risk of soil phosphorus leaching increases in basin regions in light of large-scale use of phosphorus fertilizers because of agricultural modernization. In this study, we conducted an earth pillar simulation test ...The risk of soil phosphorus leaching increases in basin regions in light of large-scale use of phosphorus fertilizers because of agricultural modernization. In this study, we conducted an earth pillar simulation test on the infiltration threshold of red soil, Vaseline-coated PVC pipe, intact soil core, fine sand<span style="font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> and nylon filter was used for Penetration test, which covers the largest area of the Dianchi Lake Basin in China. Results showed that</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">:</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> 1) The contents of the total available phosphorus in algae (NaOH-P) and dissolved labile phosphorus (CaCl<sub>2</sub>-P) in red soil were consistent with the content of available phosphorus (Olsen-P) under different use patterns manifested by the law of greenhouse > open field > grassland. Grassland had the highest phosphorus sorption index (PSI), followed by </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">the </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">greenhouse and then by </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">the </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">open field. 2) <span>The leachate under the same use pattern had the characteristics of total phosphorus (TP) > particle phosphorus (PP) > total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) > dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) > molybdate reactive phosphorus (MRP). T</span>he TP contents in the leachates of grassland, greenhouse, and open field were 0.46, 0.61, and 0.49 mg/L, respectively. DOP, TDP, PP, and MRP had similar contents, and their distributions in the three land types were consistent with that of TP. 3) Olsen-P had a significant correlation with TP, TDP, PP, and DOP in the leachates. Olsen-P of <40 mg/kg and PSI of >50 slightly influenced eutrophication. Moreover, Olsen-P of >40 and <70.90 mg/kg and PSI of >40 had minimal influence on the environment. Olsen-P of >70.90 mg/kg and PSI of <30 significantly influenced eutrophication in Dianchi Lake Basin. 4) When Olsen-P was >26.09 mg/kg, the TP content in the leachate increased sharply.</span>展开更多
Oxidative stress is a crucial pathological process that contributes to secondary injury following intracerebral hemorrhage. P2X7 receptor(P2X7R), which is activated by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular ATP, p...Oxidative stress is a crucial pathological process that contributes to secondary injury following intracerebral hemorrhage. P2X7 receptor(P2X7R), which is activated by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular ATP, plays an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress in the central nervous system, although the effects of activated P2X7R-associated oxidative stress after intracerebral hemorrhage remain unclear. Mouse models of intracerebral hemorrhage were established through the stereotactic injection of 0.075 U VII collagenase into the right basal ganglia. The results revealed that P2X7R expression peaked 24 hours after intracerebral hemorrhage, and P2X7R expressed primarily in neurons. The inhibition of P2X7R, using A438079(100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2(NOX2) expression and malondialdehyde generation, increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione/oxidized glutathione levels, and alleviated neurological damage, brain edema, and apoptosis after intracellular hemorrhage. The P2X7R inhibitor A438079(100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) inhibited the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2) and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) after intracerebral hemorrhage. Blocking ERK1/2 activation, using the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126(2 μg, intraventricular injection), reduced the level of NOX2-mediated oxidative stress induced by P2X7R activation after intracellular hemorrhage. Similarly, the inhibition of NF-κB, using the NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23(3.5 μg, intraventricular), reduced the level of NOX2-mediated oxidative stress induced by P2X7R activation. Finally, GSK2795039(100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), a NOX2 antagonist, attenuated P2X7R-mediated oxidative stress, neurological damage, and brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage. The results indicated that P2X7R activation aggravated NOX2-induced oxidative stress through the activation of the ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways following intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China(approval No. TJ-A20160805) on August 26, 2016.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the relationship between infiltrating inflammatory cell and tumor angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and their clinicopathological features.METHODS: The paraffin-embedded specim...AIM: To investigate the relationship between infiltrating inflammatory cell and tumor angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and their clinicopathological features.METHODS: The paraffin-embedded specimens from 70 cases with HCC were stained using EliVision immunohistochemistry with mAbs against CD68, tryptase,and CD34. The counts of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), mast cell (MC) and tumor microvessel (MV) were performed in the tissue sections.RESULTS: The mean counts of TAM, MC, and MV in HCC tissues were significantly higher than those in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (TAM: 69.31± 11.58 vs 40.23±10.36; MC: 16.74±5.67 vs 7.59±4.18; MV:70.11±12.45 vs 38.52± 11.16, P＜0.01). The MV count in the patients with metastasis was markedly higher than that with non-metastasis (P＜0.01). In addition, the MC count in the patients with poorly differentiated HCC was obviously higher than that with well differentiated HCC (P＜ 0.01). The correlation analysis showed that the TAM count was significantly correlated with the count of MV(r=0.712, P＜0.01), and the MC count was obviously correlated with the MV count (r= 0.336, P＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: TAM and MC might be closely related to the enhancement of tumor angiogenesis. The MV count might be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis.Moreover, the MC count might be associated with tumor differentiation and prognosis of HCC.展开更多
Background:This study aimed to assess the association between metabolic syndrome(Met S)and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and to discuss the pathological relevance of the diagnostic criteria in me...Background:This study aimed to assess the association between metabolic syndrome(Met S)and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and to discuss the pathological relevance of the diagnostic criteria in metabolic(dysfunction)associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).Methods:This was a multicenter,cross-sectional study.Patients with NAFLD confirmed by liver biopsy were enrolled between July 2016 and December 2018 from 14 centers across the mainland of China.Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were collected to assess the pathological relevance.Results:Of 246 enrolled patients with NAFLD,150(61.0%)had the comorbidity of Met S.With the increase of metabolic components,the proportions of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)and significant fibrosis were notably increased.The comorbid three metabolic components significantly increased the proportion of NASH,and further increase of metabolic components did not increase the proportion of NASH.However,the increase of metabolic components was parallel to the increase of the proportion of liver fibrosis.Among the 246 patients,239(97.2%)met the diagnostic criteria of MAFLD.Although non-MAFLD patients had less NASH,they present with similar proportion of significant fibrosis and cirrhosis.In the diagnostic criteria of MAFLD,BMI≥23 kg/m2 was related to NASH(Mantel-Haenszel Common Estimate OR:2.975;95%CI:1.037–8.538;P=0.043),and T2 DM was related to significant fibrosis(Mantel-Haenszel Common Estimate OR:2.531;95%CI:1.388–4.613;P=0.002).The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)≥2.5 was the most significant factor for NASH(OR:4.100;95%CI:1.772–9.487;P=0.001)and significant factor for liver fibrosis(OR:2.947;95%CI:1.398–6.210;P=0.004)after the adjustments of the BMI and diabetes.Conclusions:Metabolic dysregulations are important risk factors in NAFLD progression.The insulin resistance status may play a predominant role in the progression in MAFLD patients.展开更多
Interstitial pneumonitis(IP) is an uncommon pulmonary complication associated with interferon(IFN) therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.Pneumonitis can occur at any stage of HCV treatment,ranging from ...Interstitial pneumonitis(IP) is an uncommon pulmonary complication associated with interferon(IFN) therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.Pneumonitis can occur at any stage of HCV treatment,ranging from 2 to 48 wk,usually in the first 12 wk.Its most common symptoms are dyspnoea,dry cough,fever,fatigue,arthralgia or myalgia,and anorexia,which are reversible in most cases after cessation of IFN therapy with a mean subsequent recovery time of 7.5 wk.Bronchoalveolar lavage in combination with chest high resolution computed tomography has a high diagnostic value.Prompt discontinuation of medication is the cornerstone,and corticosteroid therapy may not be essential for patients with mild-moderate pulmonary functional impairment.The severity of pulmonary injury is associated with the rapid development of IP.We suggest that methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by low dose prednisolone for a short term is necessary to minimize the risk of fatal pulmonary damage if signs of significant pulmonary toxicity occur in earlier stage.Clinicians should be aware of the potential pulmonary complication related to the drug,so that an early and opportune diagnosis can be made.展开更多
Sb(Ⅲ) is often detected in contaminated soil and groundwater. Hence, high-efficiency technology is needed. In this study, bimetallic organic frameworks were used for the first time to immobilize Sb(Ⅲ) from contamina...Sb(Ⅲ) is often detected in contaminated soil and groundwater. Hence, high-efficiency technology is needed. In this study, bimetallic organic frameworks were used for the first time to immobilize Sb(Ⅲ) from contaminated soil and groundwater. The materials were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Both ends of the prepared material were hexagonal tip rods,and the length became shorter as the ratio of Fe/Mg decreased. The bimetallic organic framework with a Fe/Mg feeding ratio of 0.5 was the optimum material for Sb(Ⅲ) removal, which could effectively immobilize Sb(Ⅲ). The adsorption isotherm was fitted well with the Freundlich model, and the optimal adsorption capacity can reach 106.97 mg/g. The adsorption capacity of 84% can be completed in 10 min, which conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The Fe^(3+)could enhance the stability of the material, and the Mg^(2+)was conducive to freeing up adsorption sites for binding Sb(Ⅲ) and forming stable chemical adsorption. Ion exchange is the predominant mechanism to remove Sb(Ⅲ). After 14 days of remediation of Sb(Ⅲ) contaminated soil, the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure(TCLP)-leached concentrations of Sb(Ⅲ) were reduced by 86%, 91% and 94% when the material dosages were1%, 2% and 3%, respectively. Immobilization of Sb(Ⅲ) in soil resulted in a conversion of antimony speciation from more easily bioavailable species to less bioavailable species, further contributing to reduce the environmental risk of antimony. The results indicate that ferromagnesium bimetallic organic frameworks may serve as a kind of promising materials for the immobilization of Sb(Ⅲ) in contaminated soil and groundwater.展开更多
文摘The risk of soil phosphorus leaching increases in basin regions in light of large-scale use of phosphorus fertilizers because of agricultural modernization. In this study, we conducted an earth pillar simulation test on the infiltration threshold of red soil, Vaseline-coated PVC pipe, intact soil core, fine sand<span style="font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> and nylon filter was used for Penetration test, which covers the largest area of the Dianchi Lake Basin in China. Results showed that</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">:</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> 1) The contents of the total available phosphorus in algae (NaOH-P) and dissolved labile phosphorus (CaCl<sub>2</sub>-P) in red soil were consistent with the content of available phosphorus (Olsen-P) under different use patterns manifested by the law of greenhouse > open field > grassland. Grassland had the highest phosphorus sorption index (PSI), followed by </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">the </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">greenhouse and then by </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">the </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">open field. 2) <span>The leachate under the same use pattern had the characteristics of total phosphorus (TP) > particle phosphorus (PP) > total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) > dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) > molybdate reactive phosphorus (MRP). T</span>he TP contents in the leachates of grassland, greenhouse, and open field were 0.46, 0.61, and 0.49 mg/L, respectively. DOP, TDP, PP, and MRP had similar contents, and their distributions in the three land types were consistent with that of TP. 3) Olsen-P had a significant correlation with TP, TDP, PP, and DOP in the leachates. Olsen-P of <40 mg/kg and PSI of >50 slightly influenced eutrophication. Moreover, Olsen-P of >40 and <70.90 mg/kg and PSI of >40 had minimal influence on the environment. Olsen-P of >70.90 mg/kg and PSI of <30 significantly influenced eutrophication in Dianchi Lake Basin. 4) When Olsen-P was >26.09 mg/kg, the TP content in the leachate increased sharply.</span>
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos,81471201,81873750the Science and Technology Plan Project of Wuhan of China,No.2018060401011316 (all to ZPT)。
文摘Oxidative stress is a crucial pathological process that contributes to secondary injury following intracerebral hemorrhage. P2X7 receptor(P2X7R), which is activated by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular ATP, plays an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress in the central nervous system, although the effects of activated P2X7R-associated oxidative stress after intracerebral hemorrhage remain unclear. Mouse models of intracerebral hemorrhage were established through the stereotactic injection of 0.075 U VII collagenase into the right basal ganglia. The results revealed that P2X7R expression peaked 24 hours after intracerebral hemorrhage, and P2X7R expressed primarily in neurons. The inhibition of P2X7R, using A438079(100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2(NOX2) expression and malondialdehyde generation, increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione/oxidized glutathione levels, and alleviated neurological damage, brain edema, and apoptosis after intracellular hemorrhage. The P2X7R inhibitor A438079(100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) inhibited the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2) and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) after intracerebral hemorrhage. Blocking ERK1/2 activation, using the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126(2 μg, intraventricular injection), reduced the level of NOX2-mediated oxidative stress induced by P2X7R activation after intracellular hemorrhage. Similarly, the inhibition of NF-κB, using the NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23(3.5 μg, intraventricular), reduced the level of NOX2-mediated oxidative stress induced by P2X7R activation. Finally, GSK2795039(100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), a NOX2 antagonist, attenuated P2X7R-mediated oxidative stress, neurological damage, and brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage. The results indicated that P2X7R activation aggravated NOX2-induced oxidative stress through the activation of the ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways following intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China(approval No. TJ-A20160805) on August 26, 2016.
基金Supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.03-JJY5031
文摘AIM: To investigate the relationship between infiltrating inflammatory cell and tumor angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and their clinicopathological features.METHODS: The paraffin-embedded specimens from 70 cases with HCC were stained using EliVision immunohistochemistry with mAbs against CD68, tryptase,and CD34. The counts of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), mast cell (MC) and tumor microvessel (MV) were performed in the tissue sections.RESULTS: The mean counts of TAM, MC, and MV in HCC tissues were significantly higher than those in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (TAM: 69.31± 11.58 vs 40.23±10.36; MC: 16.74±5.67 vs 7.59±4.18; MV:70.11±12.45 vs 38.52± 11.16, P＜0.01). The MV count in the patients with metastasis was markedly higher than that with non-metastasis (P＜0.01). In addition, the MC count in the patients with poorly differentiated HCC was obviously higher than that with well differentiated HCC (P＜ 0.01). The correlation analysis showed that the TAM count was significantly correlated with the count of MV(r=0.712, P＜0.01), and the MC count was obviously correlated with the MV count (r= 0.336, P＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: TAM and MC might be closely related to the enhancement of tumor angiogenesis. The MV count might be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis.Moreover, the MC count might be associated with tumor differentiation and prognosis of HCC.
基金This study was supported by a grant from Sanofi(China)Investment Co.,Ltd.
文摘Background:This study aimed to assess the association between metabolic syndrome(Met S)and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and to discuss the pathological relevance of the diagnostic criteria in metabolic(dysfunction)associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).Methods:This was a multicenter,cross-sectional study.Patients with NAFLD confirmed by liver biopsy were enrolled between July 2016 and December 2018 from 14 centers across the mainland of China.Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were collected to assess the pathological relevance.Results:Of 246 enrolled patients with NAFLD,150(61.0%)had the comorbidity of Met S.With the increase of metabolic components,the proportions of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)and significant fibrosis were notably increased.The comorbid three metabolic components significantly increased the proportion of NASH,and further increase of metabolic components did not increase the proportion of NASH.However,the increase of metabolic components was parallel to the increase of the proportion of liver fibrosis.Among the 246 patients,239(97.2%)met the diagnostic criteria of MAFLD.Although non-MAFLD patients had less NASH,they present with similar proportion of significant fibrosis and cirrhosis.In the diagnostic criteria of MAFLD,BMI≥23 kg/m2 was related to NASH(Mantel-Haenszel Common Estimate OR:2.975;95%CI:1.037–8.538;P=0.043),and T2 DM was related to significant fibrosis(Mantel-Haenszel Common Estimate OR:2.531;95%CI:1.388–4.613;P=0.002).The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)≥2.5 was the most significant factor for NASH(OR:4.100;95%CI:1.772–9.487;P=0.001)and significant factor for liver fibrosis(OR:2.947;95%CI:1.398–6.210;P=0.004)after the adjustments of the BMI and diabetes.Conclusions:Metabolic dysregulations are important risk factors in NAFLD progression.The insulin resistance status may play a predominant role in the progression in MAFLD patients.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China, No 2008K09-05
文摘Interstitial pneumonitis(IP) is an uncommon pulmonary complication associated with interferon(IFN) therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.Pneumonitis can occur at any stage of HCV treatment,ranging from 2 to 48 wk,usually in the first 12 wk.Its most common symptoms are dyspnoea,dry cough,fever,fatigue,arthralgia or myalgia,and anorexia,which are reversible in most cases after cessation of IFN therapy with a mean subsequent recovery time of 7.5 wk.Bronchoalveolar lavage in combination with chest high resolution computed tomography has a high diagnostic value.Prompt discontinuation of medication is the cornerstone,and corticosteroid therapy may not be essential for patients with mild-moderate pulmonary functional impairment.The severity of pulmonary injury is associated with the rapid development of IP.We suggest that methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by low dose prednisolone for a short term is necessary to minimize the risk of fatal pulmonary damage if signs of significant pulmonary toxicity occur in earlier stage.Clinicians should be aware of the potential pulmonary complication related to the drug,so that an early and opportune diagnosis can be made.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2019YFA1805902 and 2019YFA0210402)the Guangdong Science and Technology Program (No. 2020B121201003)+3 种基金the Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project (No. 2019AC_(2)0054)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (Nos. 2018JJA130034, 2018JJB130018)the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University (Nos. 2021KA01, 2022ZB01)the High-level Talents Research Initiation Project of Beibu Gulf University (Nos. 2018KYQD13, 2018KYQD14)。
文摘Sb(Ⅲ) is often detected in contaminated soil and groundwater. Hence, high-efficiency technology is needed. In this study, bimetallic organic frameworks were used for the first time to immobilize Sb(Ⅲ) from contaminated soil and groundwater. The materials were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Both ends of the prepared material were hexagonal tip rods,and the length became shorter as the ratio of Fe/Mg decreased. The bimetallic organic framework with a Fe/Mg feeding ratio of 0.5 was the optimum material for Sb(Ⅲ) removal, which could effectively immobilize Sb(Ⅲ). The adsorption isotherm was fitted well with the Freundlich model, and the optimal adsorption capacity can reach 106.97 mg/g. The adsorption capacity of 84% can be completed in 10 min, which conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The Fe^(3+)could enhance the stability of the material, and the Mg^(2+)was conducive to freeing up adsorption sites for binding Sb(Ⅲ) and forming stable chemical adsorption. Ion exchange is the predominant mechanism to remove Sb(Ⅲ). After 14 days of remediation of Sb(Ⅲ) contaminated soil, the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure(TCLP)-leached concentrations of Sb(Ⅲ) were reduced by 86%, 91% and 94% when the material dosages were1%, 2% and 3%, respectively. Immobilization of Sb(Ⅲ) in soil resulted in a conversion of antimony speciation from more easily bioavailable species to less bioavailable species, further contributing to reduce the environmental risk of antimony. The results indicate that ferromagnesium bimetallic organic frameworks may serve as a kind of promising materials for the immobilization of Sb(Ⅲ) in contaminated soil and groundwater.
