Two-step-processed(TSP)inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have demonstrated significant promise in tandem applications.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of TSP p-i-n PSCs rarely exceeds 24%.Here,we d...Two-step-processed(TSP)inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have demonstrated significant promise in tandem applications.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of TSP p-i-n PSCs rarely exceeds 24%.Here,we demonstrate that TSP perovskite films exhibit a vertically gradient distribution of residual PbI_(2)clusters,which form Schottky heterojunctions with the perovskite,leading to substantial interfacial energy-level mismatches within NiO_(x)-based TSP p-i-n PSCs.These limitations were effectively addressed via a vertical interfacial engineering enabled by dual-interface modification incorporating tin trifluoromethanesulfonate(Sn(OTF)_(2))and 4-Fluorophenylethylamine chloride(F-PEA)at the NiO_(x)/perovskite and perovskite/C60 interfaces,respectively.The functional Sn(OTF)_(2)not only enhances the conductivity of NiO_(x)films but also suppresses ion migration,while inducing the formation of a Pb-Sn mixed perovskite interlayer that precisely regulates the energy level at the NiO_(x)/perovskite interface.Complementally,F-PEA post-treatment effectively converts surface residual PbI_(2)clusters into a 2D perovskite capping layer,which simultaneously passivates surface defects and enhances energy-level alignment at the perovskite/C60 interface.Consequently,the optimized NiO_(x)-based TSP p-i-n PSCs achieve a notable PCE of 25.6%with superior operational stability.This study elucidates the underlying mechanisms limiting the efficiency of TSP p-i-n PSCs,while establishing design principles for these devices targeting 26%efficiency.展开更多
With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State I...With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State Information(CSI)offers fine-grained temporal,frequency,and spatial insights into multipath propagation,making it a crucial data source for human-centric sensing.Recently,the integration of deep learning has significantly improved the robustness and automation of feature extraction from CSI in complex environments.This paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learning-enhanced human sensing based on CSI.We first outline mainstream CSI acquisition tools and their hardware specifications,then provide a detailed discussion of preprocessing methods such as denoising,time–frequency transformation,data segmentation,and augmentation.Subsequently,we categorize deep learning approaches according to sensing tasks—namely detection,localization,and recognition—and highlight representative models across application scenarios.Finally,we examine key challenges including domain generalization,multi-user interference,and limited data availability,and we propose future research directions involving lightweight model deployment,multimodal data fusion,and semantic-level sensing.展开更多
Clinical reports have demonstrated that the Kongsheng Zhenzhong pill （KSZZP）, a classical prescription deriving from Valuable Prescription for Emergencies, has good therapeutic effects on vascular dementia. However,...Clinical reports have demonstrated that the Kongsheng Zhenzhong pill （KSZZP）, a classical prescription deriving from Valuable Prescription for Emergencies, has good therapeutic effects on vascular dementia. However, the mechanisms that mediate its effects remain unclear. In this study, the expression of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1 mRNA, the content of nitric oxide, and the concentration of calcium in neurons was determined with in situ hybridization, spectrophotometry and flow cytometry, respectively. In addition, the expressions of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1, nerve growth factor protein, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protein were detected with immunohistochemistry. We found that KSZZP could significantly decrease the expression of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1 mRNA and protein, the content of nitric oxide, and the concentration of calcium in neurons. KSZZP also increased the expression of nerve growth factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protein in the hippocampus CA1 region and in the cerebral cortex. Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests verified that KSZZP ameliorated the cognitive impairments of vascular dementia rats. Moreover, the KSZZP-induced improvements in the cognitive functions of vascular dementia rats were correlated with both inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitable neurotoxicity and elevation of neurotrophic factor expression.展开更多
To investigate the evolution of load-bearing characteristics of pre-stressed beams throughout their service life and to provide a basis for accurately assessing the actual working state of damaged pre-stressed concret...To investigate the evolution of load-bearing characteristics of pre-stressed beams throughout their service life and to provide a basis for accurately assessing the actual working state of damaged pre-stressed concrete T-beams,destructive tests were conducted on full-scale pre-stressed concrete beams.Based on the measurement and ana-lysis of beam deflection,strain,and crack development under various loading levels during the research tests,combined with the verification coefficient indicators specified in the codes,the verification coefficients of bridges at different stages of damage can be examined.The results indicate that the T-beams experience complete,incom-plete linear,and non-linear stages during the destructive test process.In the complete linear elastic stage,both the deflection and bottom strain verification coefficients comply with the specifications,indicating a good structural load-bearing capacity no longer adheres to the code’s requirements.In the non-linear stage,both coefficients exhi-bit a sharp increase,resulting in a further decrease in the structure’s load-bearing capacity.According to the pro-visions of the current code,the beam can be in the incomplete linear stage when both values fall within the code’s specified range.The strain verification coefficient sourced from the compression zone at the bottom of theflange is not recommended for assessing the bridge’s load-bearing capacity.展开更多
Organic electrode materials(OEMs)have garnered great attention for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)owing to their flexible designability and sustainable resources.However,the sluggish reaction kinetics and low active s...Organic electrode materials(OEMs)have garnered great attention for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)owing to their flexible designability and sustainable resources.However,the sluggish reaction kinetics and low active site utilization have strongly restricted their development due to the competitive coordination of H^(+)and Zn^(2+)in weakly acidic zinc electrolytes.Herein,we design a symmetric naphthoquinone-based cathode,2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4-dione(DMeNQ),with rational functional groups to facilitate proton coordination chemistry and accomplish improved ability to capture with zinc ion.The carbonyl and methoxy groups on the DMeNQ construct hydrogen bond networks and serve as a“proton pump”to expedite proton conduction through the Grotthuss-type mechanism.Density functional theory calculations have visualized the formation of“ion traps,”while in situ Raman spectra have tracked the reversible evolution of the active sites.Accordingly,the DMeNQ delivers a high capacity of 245mAhg^(−1)(99.6%utilization of the active groups)and a long lifetime of 50,000 cycles at 40 C in AZIBs.In addition,the DMeNQ also possesses a superior rate capability of 85mAh g^(−1)and a satisfactory cycle life of over 150,000 cycles at 400 C in proton batteries.Our results provide an effective pathway for high-performance OEMs.展开更多
Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency solar cells,yet challenges related to crystallization and defects limit their performance and stability.This s...Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency solar cells,yet challenges related to crystallization and defects limit their performance and stability.This study investigates the use of perovskite quantum dots(QDs)as crystallization seeds to enhance the quality of FAPbI_(3)perovskite films and improve the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).We demonstrate that CsPbI_(3)and CsPbBr_(3)QDs effectively guide the crystallization process,leading to the formation of larger crystals with preferential orientations,particularly the(001)and(002)planes,which are associated with reduced defect densities.This seedmediated growth strategy resulted in PSCs with power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 24.75%and 24.11%,respectively,compared to the baseline efficiency of 22.05%for control devices.Furthermore,devices incorporating QD-treated perovskite films exhibited remarkable stability,maintaining over 80%of their initial PCE after 1000 h of simulated sunlight exposure,a significant improvement over the control.Detailed optoelectronic characterization revealed reduced non-radiative recombination and enhanced charge transport in QD-treated devices.These findings highlight the potential of QDs as a powerful tool to improve perovskite crystallization,facet orientation,and overall device performance,offering a promising route to enhance both efficiency and stability in PSCs.展开更多
The synthesis of functionalized rubber copolymers is a topic of great research interest.In this study,we present a novel approach for the direct construction ofα-functionalized 3,4-polyisoprene through polymerization...The synthesis of functionalized rubber copolymers is a topic of great research interest.In this study,we present a novel approach for the direct construction ofα-functionalized 3,4-polyisoprene through polymerization of polar monomers and isoprene monomer.Theα-functionalized 3,4-polyisoprene was successfully synthesized via in situ sequential polymerization using the iron-based catalytic system(Fe(acac)_(3)/IITP/AliBu_(3)),exhibiting high activity and resistance to polar monomers without requiring protection of polar groups.The structure ofα-functionalized 3,4-polyisoprene was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^(1)H-NMR)and two-dimensional diffusion-ordered spectroscopy(2D DOSY)spectra analysis.The introduction of polar groups,particularly hydroxyl groups,enhanced the hydrophilicity of the copolymer.This was evidenced by a decrease in the water contact angle from 106.9°to 96.4°with increasing hydroxyl content in the copolymer.展开更多
Acute lung injury(ALI)is a serious clinical condition with a high mortality rate.Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of ALI.ONOO^(−)is a key mediator that exacerbates oxi...Acute lung injury(ALI)is a serious clinical condition with a high mortality rate.Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of ALI.ONOO^(−)is a key mediator that exacerbates oxidative damage and microvascular permeability in ALI.Accurate detection of ONOO^(−)would facilitate early diagnosis and intervention in ALI.Near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF)probes offer new solutions due to their sensitivity,depth of tissue penetration,and imaging capabilities.However,the developed ONOO^(−)fluorescent probes face problems such as interference from other reactive oxygen species and easy intracellular diffusion.To address these issues,we introduced an innovative self-immobilizing NIRF probe,DCI2F-OTf,which was capable of monitoring ONOO^(−)in vitro and in vivo.Importantly,leveraging the high reactivity of the methylene quinone(QM)intermediate,DCI2F-OTf was able to covalently label proteins in the presence of ONOO^(−),enabling in situ imaging.In mice models of ALI,DCI2F-OTf enabled real-time imaging of ONOO^(−)levels and found that ONOO^(−)was tightly correlated with the progression of ALI.Our findings demonstrated that DCI2F-OTf was a promising chemical tool for the detection of ONOO^(−),which could help to gain insight into the pathogenesis of ALI and monitor treatment efficacy.展开更多
The study of virus-host interactions has been significantly advanced using model organisms,with nematodes being a prominent example.Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)nematodes have provided valuable insights into the m...The study of virus-host interactions has been significantly advanced using model organisms,with nematodes being a prominent example.Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)nematodes have provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of viral infections,host defense strategies,and the development of antiviral therapies.With the discovery of natural viral pathogens of nematodes,Orsay virus,Le Blanc virus,Santeuil virus,and Mělník virus,the exploration of the virus-host interaction model based on nematodes has entered a new era.The virus-host interaction network consists of viruses,hosts,and the antagonistic effects of viruses on host immunity.The nematode virus-host interaction model is a concrete manifestation used to study the complex relationships among these three elements.Previous studies have indicated that during the entire process of nematode infection by viruses,antiviral RNA interference(RNAi)plays a crucial role.Additionally,the host’s innate immune responses,such as the antiviral-specific intracellular pathogen response(IPR)and certain signaling pathways homologous to those in humans,are particularly important in the natural immune and antiviral processes of nematodes.These processes are regulated by multiple genes in the host.The reverse genetics system for Orsay virus has been successfully developed to study viral gene function and virus-host interactions.Nematodes serve as simple host models for understanding RNA virus replication,related cellular components,and virus-host interaction mechanisms.These findings will likely contribute to the development of antiviral treatment strategies based on novel targets.展开更多
High catalytic efficiencies in ring opening polymerization(ROP)of a large ring-sized macrolactone,ω-pentadecalactone(PDL),by using transition metal Fe(II)-based catalysts were achieved for the first time in this stud...High catalytic efficiencies in ring opening polymerization(ROP)of a large ring-sized macrolactone,ω-pentadecalactone(PDL),by using transition metal Fe(II)-based catalysts were achieved for the first time in this study.Benefited from the bulky nature of the ligatedα-diimine ligands,as evidenced from single-crystal structures,as well as the weakly oxophilic nature of the metal centers,chain transesterification reactions could be partially suppressed,allowing the polymerization proceed in a living-like and semi-controllable manner,i.e.good linear dependence of propagation rates on catalyst concentration and PDL concentration as observed in the detailed kinetics studies.The whole polymerization proceeds via a“coordination-insertion”mechanism,and with the aid of density functional theory(DFT)calculation studies,a“slow insertion→fast elimination”manner was demonstrated for the monomer propagation step,suggesting the insertion of Fe-OR into the carbonyl group C=O as the rate-determining step.The present catalytic system also showed fast chain transfer reactions to alcohol compounds,affording quasi-immortal characteristics.DFT calculations showed that such a transfer reaction only required an energy barrier of 6.4 kcal/mol,performing a good consistency with the fast chain transfer rates.展开更多
As a naturally occurring terpenoid that is abundant in essential oils,citronellal remains largely unexplored in polymer science.Herein,we present a novel strategy for converting bio-based citronellal into the diene mo...As a naturally occurring terpenoid that is abundant in essential oils,citronellal remains largely unexplored in polymer science.Herein,we present a novel strategy for converting bio-based citronellal into the diene monomer 6,10-dimethyl-1,3,9-undecatriene(DMUT),which under-goes neodymium-catalyzed coordination polymerization to yield poly(6,10-dimethyl-1,3,9-undecatriene)(PDMUT),a bio-derived polydiene poly-mer.This provides a facile and sustainable route for transforming renewable citronellal into functional polymers.The effects of polymerization conditions on the catalytic performance and polymer characteristics,including molecular weight,polydispersity,and microstructure,were sys-tematically investigated.In addition,DMUT was successfully copolymerized with isoprene(IP)and 1,3-butadiene(BD),yielding copolymers with tunable compositions and microstructures.These results demonstrate the versatility of DMUT as a renewable building block for both homopoly-mers and copolymers,paving the way toward bio-based elastomeric materials with customizable properties.展开更多
With the advent of the digital-intelligence economy era,intelligence and networking have profoundly changed people’s lifestyles and working methods,and also posed new challenges and requirements for enterprise manage...With the advent of the digital-intelligence economy era,intelligence and networking have profoundly changed people’s lifestyles and working methods,and also posed new challenges and requirements for enterprise management.Against this background,modern management has become a new trend in the transformation of enterprise management.Based on this,this paper conducts research on the modernization transformation path of enterprise management in the digital-intelligence economy era,expounds the impact of the digital-intelligence economy on enterprise management in China,analyzes the connotation of modernization of enterprise management,and proposes the modernization transformation path of enterprise management,aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for enterprises to achieve modern management in the wave of the digital-intelligence economy.展开更多
Distinguishing the severity of burned skin from structural optical coherence tomography(OCT)intensity maps remains a challenging task,and functional imaging from an elastic perspective can improve the accuracy of burn...Distinguishing the severity of burned skin from structural optical coherence tomography(OCT)intensity maps remains a challenging task,and functional imaging from an elastic perspective can improve the accuracy of burned skin examination.As a functional extension of OCT,optical coherence elastography(OCE)can reveal the mechanical properties of samples while inheriting the imaging advantages of OCT.In this study,we used OCE to reveal the shear modulus and anisotropy parameters of burned skin before and after burning.A porcine skin burn model was constructed at a series of burned time durations and tested by elastic anisotropy imaging.Normal skin after hydration maintains good consistency in shear modulus.Interestingly,the shear modulus and longitudinal modulus of the burned skin show a tendency to stepwise increase with increasing burned times.A dataset was constructed by sampling the modulus parameters of burned skin maps through a scratch window,and its category was automatically identi¯ed by Kmeans and density peak clustering(DPC)algorithms with good agreement.The elastic anisotropy-based skin burn assessment method shows a prospect to be supplemented into the nondestructive means of burned skin examination.展开更多
The silica-based ceramic core has attracted much attention in the preparation of hollow blades due to its great leachability.In this paper,the silica-based ceramic cores reinforced with ZrSiO_(4) were prepared by lase...The silica-based ceramic core has attracted much attention in the preparation of hollow blades due to its great leachability.In this paper,the silica-based ceramic cores reinforced with ZrSiO_(4) were prepared by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)combined with vacuum infiltration(VI).To enhance the infiltration effect,the pre-sintered bodies with high porosity and hydrophilicity were obtained by pre-sintering at 1100℃.Results showed that a large number of silica particles infiltrated into the pre-sintered bodies.The infiltrated silica promoted the generation of liquid phase in sintering,thereby promoting the removal of pores and the connection of grains.Nevertheless,the dispersed ZrSiO_(4) grains prevented the viscous flow of the liquid phase,thereby increasing the porosity.ZrSiO_(4) grains could hinder the propagation of cracks due to their high strength.When the addition of ZrSiO_(4) was 10 wt.%,room-temperature flexural strength of silica-based ceramic cores infiltrated with slurry S1(the mass ratio of silica sol to silica powder was 10:1)reached 17.21 MPa due to the reinforcement of sintering necks.Moreover,high-temperature flexural strength reached 13.90 MPa.Therefore,the pre-sintering process could greatly improve the mechanical properties of silica-based ceramic cores prepared by LPBF-VI technology.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (62504130)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB0704100)+3 种基金the Key university laboratory of highly efficient utilization of solar energy and sustainable development of Guangdong (Y01256331)the Technology Development Project of Henan Province (252102240047)the Pico Center at SUSTech CRF which receives support from the Presidential FundDevelopment and Reform Commission of Shenzhen Municipality
文摘Two-step-processed(TSP)inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have demonstrated significant promise in tandem applications.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of TSP p-i-n PSCs rarely exceeds 24%.Here,we demonstrate that TSP perovskite films exhibit a vertically gradient distribution of residual PbI_(2)clusters,which form Schottky heterojunctions with the perovskite,leading to substantial interfacial energy-level mismatches within NiO_(x)-based TSP p-i-n PSCs.These limitations were effectively addressed via a vertical interfacial engineering enabled by dual-interface modification incorporating tin trifluoromethanesulfonate(Sn(OTF)_(2))and 4-Fluorophenylethylamine chloride(F-PEA)at the NiO_(x)/perovskite and perovskite/C60 interfaces,respectively.The functional Sn(OTF)_(2)not only enhances the conductivity of NiO_(x)films but also suppresses ion migration,while inducing the formation of a Pb-Sn mixed perovskite interlayer that precisely regulates the energy level at the NiO_(x)/perovskite interface.Complementally,F-PEA post-treatment effectively converts surface residual PbI_(2)clusters into a 2D perovskite capping layer,which simultaneously passivates surface defects and enhances energy-level alignment at the perovskite/C60 interface.Consequently,the optimized NiO_(x)-based TSP p-i-n PSCs achieve a notable PCE of 25.6%with superior operational stability.This study elucidates the underlying mechanisms limiting the efficiency of TSP p-i-n PSCs,while establishing design principles for these devices targeting 26%efficiency.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant U23A20310.
文摘With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State Information(CSI)offers fine-grained temporal,frequency,and spatial insights into multipath propagation,making it a crucial data source for human-centric sensing.Recently,the integration of deep learning has significantly improved the robustness and automation of feature extraction from CSI in complex environments.This paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learning-enhanced human sensing based on CSI.We first outline mainstream CSI acquisition tools and their hardware specifications,then provide a detailed discussion of preprocessing methods such as denoising,time–frequency transformation,data segmentation,and augmentation.Subsequently,we categorize deep learning approaches according to sensing tasks—namely detection,localization,and recognition—and highlight representative models across application scenarios.Finally,we examine key challenges including domain generalization,multi-user interference,and limited data availability,and we propose future research directions involving lightweight model deployment,multimodal data fusion,and semantic-level sensing.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China(973Program),No.2007CB512601Science and Technology Development Plan of TCM in Shandong Province,No.2009-006Science and Technology Plan in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province,No.J11LF60,J11LF08
文摘Clinical reports have demonstrated that the Kongsheng Zhenzhong pill （KSZZP）, a classical prescription deriving from Valuable Prescription for Emergencies, has good therapeutic effects on vascular dementia. However, the mechanisms that mediate its effects remain unclear. In this study, the expression of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1 mRNA, the content of nitric oxide, and the concentration of calcium in neurons was determined with in situ hybridization, spectrophotometry and flow cytometry, respectively. In addition, the expressions of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1, nerve growth factor protein, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protein were detected with immunohistochemistry. We found that KSZZP could significantly decrease the expression of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1 mRNA and protein, the content of nitric oxide, and the concentration of calcium in neurons. KSZZP also increased the expression of nerve growth factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protein in the hippocampus CA1 region and in the cerebral cortex. Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests verified that KSZZP ameliorated the cognitive impairments of vascular dementia rats. Moreover, the KSZZP-induced improvements in the cognitive functions of vascular dementia rats were correlated with both inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitable neurotoxicity and elevation of neurotrophic factor expression.
文摘To investigate the evolution of load-bearing characteristics of pre-stressed beams throughout their service life and to provide a basis for accurately assessing the actual working state of damaged pre-stressed concrete T-beams,destructive tests were conducted on full-scale pre-stressed concrete beams.Based on the measurement and ana-lysis of beam deflection,strain,and crack development under various loading levels during the research tests,combined with the verification coefficient indicators specified in the codes,the verification coefficients of bridges at different stages of damage can be examined.The results indicate that the T-beams experience complete,incom-plete linear,and non-linear stages during the destructive test process.In the complete linear elastic stage,both the deflection and bottom strain verification coefficients comply with the specifications,indicating a good structural load-bearing capacity no longer adheres to the code’s requirements.In the non-linear stage,both coefficients exhi-bit a sharp increase,resulting in a further decrease in the structure’s load-bearing capacity.According to the pro-visions of the current code,the beam can be in the incomplete linear stage when both values fall within the code’s specified range.The strain verification coefficient sourced from the compression zone at the bottom of theflange is not recommended for assessing the bridge’s load-bearing capacity.
文摘Organic electrode materials(OEMs)have garnered great attention for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)owing to their flexible designability and sustainable resources.However,the sluggish reaction kinetics and low active site utilization have strongly restricted their development due to the competitive coordination of H^(+)and Zn^(2+)in weakly acidic zinc electrolytes.Herein,we design a symmetric naphthoquinone-based cathode,2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4-dione(DMeNQ),with rational functional groups to facilitate proton coordination chemistry and accomplish improved ability to capture with zinc ion.The carbonyl and methoxy groups on the DMeNQ construct hydrogen bond networks and serve as a“proton pump”to expedite proton conduction through the Grotthuss-type mechanism.Density functional theory calculations have visualized the formation of“ion traps,”while in situ Raman spectra have tracked the reversible evolution of the active sites.Accordingly,the DMeNQ delivers a high capacity of 245mAhg^(−1)(99.6%utilization of the active groups)and a long lifetime of 50,000 cycles at 40 C in AZIBs.In addition,the DMeNQ also possesses a superior rate capability of 85mAh g^(−1)and a satisfactory cycle life of over 150,000 cycles at 400 C in proton batteries.Our results provide an effective pathway for high-performance OEMs.
基金supported by the Startup Research-Fund of Henan Academy of Sciences(grant number 241817242)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Scheme-General Program(JCYJ20220818100217037)+2 种基金Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy,Sustainable Development of Guangdong,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China(Y01256331)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22379017,22179009,U22A2072)supported by the Pico Center at SUSTech CRF which receives support from the Presidential Fund and Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen Municipality.
文摘Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency solar cells,yet challenges related to crystallization and defects limit their performance and stability.This study investigates the use of perovskite quantum dots(QDs)as crystallization seeds to enhance the quality of FAPbI_(3)perovskite films and improve the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).We demonstrate that CsPbI_(3)and CsPbBr_(3)QDs effectively guide the crystallization process,leading to the formation of larger crystals with preferential orientations,particularly the(001)and(002)planes,which are associated with reduced defect densities.This seedmediated growth strategy resulted in PSCs with power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 24.75%and 24.11%,respectively,compared to the baseline efficiency of 22.05%for control devices.Furthermore,devices incorporating QD-treated perovskite films exhibited remarkable stability,maintaining over 80%of their initial PCE after 1000 h of simulated sunlight exposure,a significant improvement over the control.Detailed optoelectronic characterization revealed reduced non-radiative recombination and enhanced charge transport in QD-treated devices.These findings highlight the potential of QDs as a powerful tool to improve perovskite crystallization,facet orientation,and overall device performance,offering a promising route to enhance both efficiency and stability in PSCs.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3704701)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2603502)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022QE271)the financial support from the Taishan Scholars Program(No.tsqn202211165)。
文摘The synthesis of functionalized rubber copolymers is a topic of great research interest.In this study,we present a novel approach for the direct construction ofα-functionalized 3,4-polyisoprene through polymerization of polar monomers and isoprene monomer.Theα-functionalized 3,4-polyisoprene was successfully synthesized via in situ sequential polymerization using the iron-based catalytic system(Fe(acac)_(3)/IITP/AliBu_(3)),exhibiting high activity and resistance to polar monomers without requiring protection of polar groups.The structure ofα-functionalized 3,4-polyisoprene was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^(1)H-NMR)and two-dimensional diffusion-ordered spectroscopy(2D DOSY)spectra analysis.The introduction of polar groups,particularly hydroxyl groups,enhanced the hydrophilicity of the copolymer.This was evidenced by a decrease in the water contact angle from 106.9°to 96.4°with increasing hydroxyl content in the copolymer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22264013,21961010)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(Nos.ZDYF2021SHFZ219,ZDYF2022SHFZ037)+4 种基金Special Funds of S&T Cooperation and Exchange Projects of Shanxi Province(No.202204041101040)Natural Science Research Talent Project of Hainan Medical University(No.JBGS202101)Postgraduate Innovative Research Project of Hainan(No.Qhys2021-384)Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center(2021)Project for Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging Science Innovation Group of Hainan Medical University.
文摘Acute lung injury(ALI)is a serious clinical condition with a high mortality rate.Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of ALI.ONOO^(−)is a key mediator that exacerbates oxidative damage and microvascular permeability in ALI.Accurate detection of ONOO^(−)would facilitate early diagnosis and intervention in ALI.Near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF)probes offer new solutions due to their sensitivity,depth of tissue penetration,and imaging capabilities.However,the developed ONOO^(−)fluorescent probes face problems such as interference from other reactive oxygen species and easy intracellular diffusion.To address these issues,we introduced an innovative self-immobilizing NIRF probe,DCI2F-OTf,which was capable of monitoring ONOO^(−)in vitro and in vivo.Importantly,leveraging the high reactivity of the methylene quinone(QM)intermediate,DCI2F-OTf was able to covalently label proteins in the presence of ONOO^(−),enabling in situ imaging.In mice models of ALI,DCI2F-OTf enabled real-time imaging of ONOO^(−)levels and found that ONOO^(−)was tightly correlated with the progression of ALI.Our findings demonstrated that DCI2F-OTf was a promising chemical tool for the detection of ONOO^(−),which could help to gain insight into the pathogenesis of ALI and monitor treatment efficacy.
基金supported by National Undergraduate Training Programs for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Ministry of Education,China.
文摘The study of virus-host interactions has been significantly advanced using model organisms,with nematodes being a prominent example.Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)nematodes have provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of viral infections,host defense strategies,and the development of antiviral therapies.With the discovery of natural viral pathogens of nematodes,Orsay virus,Le Blanc virus,Santeuil virus,and Mělník virus,the exploration of the virus-host interaction model based on nematodes has entered a new era.The virus-host interaction network consists of viruses,hosts,and the antagonistic effects of viruses on host immunity.The nematode virus-host interaction model is a concrete manifestation used to study the complex relationships among these three elements.Previous studies have indicated that during the entire process of nematode infection by viruses,antiviral RNA interference(RNAi)plays a crucial role.Additionally,the host’s innate immune responses,such as the antiviral-specific intracellular pathogen response(IPR)and certain signaling pathways homologous to those in humans,are particularly important in the natural immune and antiviral processes of nematodes.These processes are regulated by multiple genes in the host.The reverse genetics system for Orsay virus has been successfully developed to study viral gene function and virus-host interactions.Nematodes serve as simple host models for understanding RNA virus replication,related cellular components,and virus-host interaction mechanisms.These findings will likely contribute to the development of antiviral treatment strategies based on novel targets.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21901020 and 22003076)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M701818)+1 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2022QE237)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project.H.Liu sincerely acknowledges financial support from the Taishan Scholars Program(No.tsqn202211165)。
文摘High catalytic efficiencies in ring opening polymerization(ROP)of a large ring-sized macrolactone,ω-pentadecalactone(PDL),by using transition metal Fe(II)-based catalysts were achieved for the first time in this study.Benefited from the bulky nature of the ligatedα-diimine ligands,as evidenced from single-crystal structures,as well as the weakly oxophilic nature of the metal centers,chain transesterification reactions could be partially suppressed,allowing the polymerization proceed in a living-like and semi-controllable manner,i.e.good linear dependence of propagation rates on catalyst concentration and PDL concentration as observed in the detailed kinetics studies.The whole polymerization proceeds via a“coordination-insertion”mechanism,and with the aid of density functional theory(DFT)calculation studies,a“slow insertion→fast elimination”manner was demonstrated for the monomer propagation step,suggesting the insertion of Fe-OR into the carbonyl group C=O as the rate-determining step.The present catalytic system also showed fast chain transfer reactions to alcohol compounds,affording quasi-immortal characteristics.DFT calculations showed that such a transfer reaction only required an energy barrier of 6.4 kcal/mol,performing a good consistency with the fast chain transfer rates.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2104702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22071236)H.L.thanks for the financial support from the Taishan Scholars Program(No.tsqn202211165).
文摘As a naturally occurring terpenoid that is abundant in essential oils,citronellal remains largely unexplored in polymer science.Herein,we present a novel strategy for converting bio-based citronellal into the diene monomer 6,10-dimethyl-1,3,9-undecatriene(DMUT),which under-goes neodymium-catalyzed coordination polymerization to yield poly(6,10-dimethyl-1,3,9-undecatriene)(PDMUT),a bio-derived polydiene poly-mer.This provides a facile and sustainable route for transforming renewable citronellal into functional polymers.The effects of polymerization conditions on the catalytic performance and polymer characteristics,including molecular weight,polydispersity,and microstructure,were sys-tematically investigated.In addition,DMUT was successfully copolymerized with isoprene(IP)and 1,3-butadiene(BD),yielding copolymers with tunable compositions and microstructures.These results demonstrate the versatility of DMUT as a renewable building block for both homopoly-mers and copolymers,paving the way toward bio-based elastomeric materials with customizable properties.
文摘With the advent of the digital-intelligence economy era,intelligence and networking have profoundly changed people’s lifestyles and working methods,and also posed new challenges and requirements for enterprise management.Against this background,modern management has become a new trend in the transformation of enterprise management.Based on this,this paper conducts research on the modernization transformation path of enterprise management in the digital-intelligence economy era,expounds the impact of the digital-intelligence economy on enterprise management in China,analyzes the connotation of modernization of enterprise management,and proposes the modernization transformation path of enterprise management,aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for enterprises to achieve modern management in the wave of the digital-intelligence economy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62375144 and 12404345)the Tianjin Foundation of Natural Science(No.22JCZDJC00160)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M731787)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nankai University(No.63241331).
文摘Distinguishing the severity of burned skin from structural optical coherence tomography(OCT)intensity maps remains a challenging task,and functional imaging from an elastic perspective can improve the accuracy of burned skin examination.As a functional extension of OCT,optical coherence elastography(OCE)can reveal the mechanical properties of samples while inheriting the imaging advantages of OCT.In this study,we used OCE to reveal the shear modulus and anisotropy parameters of burned skin before and after burning.A porcine skin burn model was constructed at a series of burned time durations and tested by elastic anisotropy imaging.Normal skin after hydration maintains good consistency in shear modulus.Interestingly,the shear modulus and longitudinal modulus of the burned skin show a tendency to stepwise increase with increasing burned times.A dataset was constructed by sampling the modulus parameters of burned skin maps through a scratch window,and its category was automatically identi¯ed by Kmeans and density peak clustering(DPC)algorithms with good agreement.The elastic anisotropy-based skin burn assessment method shows a prospect to be supplemented into the nondestructive means of burned skin examination.
基金financially supported by National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017-Ⅶ−0008-0102)National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(No.51975230)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2019kfyXMPY020,2020kfyFPZX003,2018KFYYXJJ030 and 2019kfyXKJC011)。
文摘The silica-based ceramic core has attracted much attention in the preparation of hollow blades due to its great leachability.In this paper,the silica-based ceramic cores reinforced with ZrSiO_(4) were prepared by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)combined with vacuum infiltration(VI).To enhance the infiltration effect,the pre-sintered bodies with high porosity and hydrophilicity were obtained by pre-sintering at 1100℃.Results showed that a large number of silica particles infiltrated into the pre-sintered bodies.The infiltrated silica promoted the generation of liquid phase in sintering,thereby promoting the removal of pores and the connection of grains.Nevertheless,the dispersed ZrSiO_(4) grains prevented the viscous flow of the liquid phase,thereby increasing the porosity.ZrSiO_(4) grains could hinder the propagation of cracks due to their high strength.When the addition of ZrSiO_(4) was 10 wt.%,room-temperature flexural strength of silica-based ceramic cores infiltrated with slurry S1(the mass ratio of silica sol to silica powder was 10:1)reached 17.21 MPa due to the reinforcement of sintering necks.Moreover,high-temperature flexural strength reached 13.90 MPa.Therefore,the pre-sintering process could greatly improve the mechanical properties of silica-based ceramic cores prepared by LPBF-VI technology.
