The color difference of capsicum fruit is closely related to the type and content of pigment in the peel,which is mainly determined by anthocyanins,chlorophyll,and carotenoids.This study used green“CA59”and purple“...The color difference of capsicum fruit is closely related to the type and content of pigment in the peel,which is mainly determined by anthocyanins,chlorophyll,and carotenoids.This study used green“CA59”and purple“Z81”pepper fruits as parents to create the F2 generation.The fruit color of 466 F2 population was identified,and the extreme individuals from this population were selected for Bulked Segregant Analysis(BSA)using resequencing.Genetic analysis revealed that a pair of genes controls the expression of the purple fruit trait in capsicum.Using functional annotation,expression analysis,and sequencing analysis of candidate genes,it was determined that there were four genes in the region between InDel 67 and InDel 75(185,664,068 BP-186,514,350 bp)on chromosome 10,that is the linkage interval for pepper purple fruit.There are 7 SNPs in the CaMYB1 gene(Capann_59V1aChr10g016200)in the pepper variety“Z81”.Of these,4 SNPs are located in the gene’s coding region.These 4 SNPs lead to 2 mutations that do not change the amino acid sequence(synonymous mutations)and 2 mutations that do change the amino acid sequence(non-synonymous mutations).Additionally,the expression level of the CaMYB1 gene in the purple fruit of“Z81”is significantly higher than that in the green fruit of“CA59”.CaMYB1 is believed to be a crucial candidate gene in regulating anthocyanin production in purple capsicum fruit.A molecular marker,InDel 67,was successfully developed,with a total separation rate of 92.4%.展开更多
(-)-α-Bisabolol is a plant-derived sesquiterpene derived from Eremanthus erythropappus,which can be used as a raw material in cosmetics and has anti-inflammatory function.In this study,we designed six mutation sites ...(-)-α-Bisabolol is a plant-derived sesquiterpene derived from Eremanthus erythropappus,which can be used as a raw material in cosmetics and has anti-inflammatory function.In this study,we designed six mutation sites of the(-)-α-bisabolol synthase BOS using the plmDCA algorithm.Among these,the F324Y mutation demonstrated exceptional performance,increasing the product yield by 73%.We constructed a de novo(-)-α-bisabolol biosynthesis pathways through systematic synthetic biology strategies,including the enzyme design of BOS,selection of different linkers in fusion expression,and optimization of the mevalonate pathway,weakening the branching metabolic flow and multi-copy strategies,the yield of(-)-α-bisabolol was significantly increased,which was nearly 35-fold higher than that of the original strain(2.03 mg/L).The engineered strain was capable of producing 69.7 mg/L in shake flasks.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report on the biosynthesis of(-)-α-bisabolol in Komagataella phaffii,implying this is a robust cell factory for sustainable production of other terpenoids.展开更多
Carbendazim,a widely used fungicide in China,has been found to have reproductive toxicity and mutagenic effects.However,information on the spatial-temporal variations of carbendazim residues in food in China is limite...Carbendazim,a widely used fungicide in China,has been found to have reproductive toxicity and mutagenic effects.However,information on the spatial-temporal variations of carbendazim residues in food in China is limited.Here,we investigated the presence of carbendazim in China's plant-based foods from 2011 to 2020,evaluated the spatial-temporal characteristics,and assessed the associated exposure risks in the Chinese diet.The results revealed a high detection frequency of carbendazim in fruits(26.4%)and high concentrations in vegetables(~110 mg kg^(-1)),indicating widespread misuse of the fungicide.The acute risks of consuming certain vegetables and cereals exceeded the recommended limits by up to 12 and 5 times,respectively.Although there has been a decline in carbendazim residue levels in food since the implementation of the Chinese government's action plan for zero growth of pesticide use in 2015,some provinces still exhibited high levels of carbendazim in multiple food categories,which were positively correlated with annual pesticide application.We highlight that carbendazim contamination reflects the broader issue of pesticide use in China.It emphasizes the need for committed and targeted national policies to reduce carbendazim residues in food and suggests that such measures could also regulate the use of other pesticides,given that pesticide abuse in China is not limited to specific types.We call for the re-evaluation of maximum residue limits of carbendazim,particularly in highly consumed foods such as cereals.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2IA20230)the Guangdong Modern Vegetable Industry Technology System Project(2024CXTD08)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515010403)the Xizang Autonomous Region of Lhasa City Science and Technology Project(LSKJ202418)the Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(Selection and Breeding of New High-Yielding and High-Quality Pepper Varieties)(2024-NPY-00-020).
文摘The color difference of capsicum fruit is closely related to the type and content of pigment in the peel,which is mainly determined by anthocyanins,chlorophyll,and carotenoids.This study used green“CA59”and purple“Z81”pepper fruits as parents to create the F2 generation.The fruit color of 466 F2 population was identified,and the extreme individuals from this population were selected for Bulked Segregant Analysis(BSA)using resequencing.Genetic analysis revealed that a pair of genes controls the expression of the purple fruit trait in capsicum.Using functional annotation,expression analysis,and sequencing analysis of candidate genes,it was determined that there were four genes in the region between InDel 67 and InDel 75(185,664,068 BP-186,514,350 bp)on chromosome 10,that is the linkage interval for pepper purple fruit.There are 7 SNPs in the CaMYB1 gene(Capann_59V1aChr10g016200)in the pepper variety“Z81”.Of these,4 SNPs are located in the gene’s coding region.These 4 SNPs lead to 2 mutations that do not change the amino acid sequence(synonymous mutations)and 2 mutations that do change the amino acid sequence(non-synonymous mutations).Additionally,the expression level of the CaMYB1 gene in the purple fruit of“Z81”is significantly higher than that in the green fruit of“CA59”.CaMYB1 is believed to be a crucial candidate gene in regulating anthocyanin production in purple capsicum fruit.A molecular marker,InDel 67,was successfully developed,with a total separation rate of 92.4%.
基金supported by the key scientific research and development project of Zhejiang Province(2024SSYS0103)the Start-up funds of Xianghu Laboratory(2023C4S02002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301255)。
文摘(-)-α-Bisabolol is a plant-derived sesquiterpene derived from Eremanthus erythropappus,which can be used as a raw material in cosmetics and has anti-inflammatory function.In this study,we designed six mutation sites of the(-)-α-bisabolol synthase BOS using the plmDCA algorithm.Among these,the F324Y mutation demonstrated exceptional performance,increasing the product yield by 73%.We constructed a de novo(-)-α-bisabolol biosynthesis pathways through systematic synthetic biology strategies,including the enzyme design of BOS,selection of different linkers in fusion expression,and optimization of the mevalonate pathway,weakening the branching metabolic flow and multi-copy strategies,the yield of(-)-α-bisabolol was significantly increased,which was nearly 35-fold higher than that of the original strain(2.03 mg/L).The engineered strain was capable of producing 69.7 mg/L in shake flasks.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report on the biosynthesis of(-)-α-bisabolol in Komagataella phaffii,implying this is a robust cell factory for sustainable production of other terpenoids.
基金supported by the National Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Risk Assessment Program(Grant No.GJFP2020003)the Independent Design Project of State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.2010DS700124-ZZ2011)the Shanghai Municipal Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee(Grant No.2022-02-08-00-12-F01121).
文摘Carbendazim,a widely used fungicide in China,has been found to have reproductive toxicity and mutagenic effects.However,information on the spatial-temporal variations of carbendazim residues in food in China is limited.Here,we investigated the presence of carbendazim in China's plant-based foods from 2011 to 2020,evaluated the spatial-temporal characteristics,and assessed the associated exposure risks in the Chinese diet.The results revealed a high detection frequency of carbendazim in fruits(26.4%)and high concentrations in vegetables(~110 mg kg^(-1)),indicating widespread misuse of the fungicide.The acute risks of consuming certain vegetables and cereals exceeded the recommended limits by up to 12 and 5 times,respectively.Although there has been a decline in carbendazim residue levels in food since the implementation of the Chinese government's action plan for zero growth of pesticide use in 2015,some provinces still exhibited high levels of carbendazim in multiple food categories,which were positively correlated with annual pesticide application.We highlight that carbendazim contamination reflects the broader issue of pesticide use in China.It emphasizes the need for committed and targeted national policies to reduce carbendazim residues in food and suggests that such measures could also regulate the use of other pesticides,given that pesticide abuse in China is not limited to specific types.We call for the re-evaluation of maximum residue limits of carbendazim,particularly in highly consumed foods such as cereals.
