AIM： To investigate the proteins involved in colonic adaptation and molecular mechanisms of colonic adapration in rats with ultra-short bowel syndrome （USBS）. METHODS： Sprague Dawley rats were randomly as- signed ...AIM： To investigate the proteins involved in colonic adaptation and molecular mechanisms of colonic adapration in rats with ultra-short bowel syndrome （USBS）. METHODS： Sprague Dawley rats were randomly as- signed to three groups： USBS group （10 rats） undergoing an approximately 90%-95% small bowel resection; sham-operation group （10 rats） undergoing small bowel transaction and anastomosis; and control group （ten normal rats）. Colon morphology and differential protein expression was analyzed after rats were given postsurgical enteral nutrition for 21 d. Protein expression in the colonic mucosa was analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE） in all groups. Differential protein spots were detected by ImageMaster 2D Platinum soft-ware and were further analyzed with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight/time-of-flightmass spectrometric （MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS） analysis. RESULTS： The colonic mucosal thickness significantly increased in the USBS group compared with the control group （302.1 ± 16.9 um vs 273.7 ± 16.0 um, P 〈 0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference between the sham-operation group and control group （P 〉 0.05）. The height of colon plica markedly improved in USBS group compared with the control group （998.4 ± 81.2 um vs 883.4 ± 39.0 um, P 〈 0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference between the shamoperation and control groups （P 〉 0.05）. A total of 141 differential protein spots were found in the USBS group. Forty-nine of these spots were down-regulated while 92 protein spots were up-regulated by over 2-folds. There were 133 differential protein spots in USBS group. Thirty of these spots were down-regulated and 103 were upregulated. There were 47 common differential protein spots among the three groups, including 17 down- regulated protein spots and 30 up-regulated spots. Among 47 differential spots, eight up-regulated proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. These proteins were previously reported to be involved in sugar and fat metabolism, protein synthesis and oxidation reduction, which are associated with colonic adaption. CONCLUSION： Eight proteins found in this study play important roles in colonic compensation and are associated with sugar and fat metabolism, protein synthesis, and molecular chaperoning展开更多
RNA modification is an essential component of the epitranscriptome,regulating RNA metabolism and cellular functions.Several types of RNA modifications have been identified to date;they include N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^...RNA modification is an essential component of the epitranscriptome,regulating RNA metabolism and cellular functions.Several types of RNA modifications have been identified to date;they include N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A),N^(1)-methyladenosine(m1A),5-methylcytosine(m5C),N^(7)-methylguanosine(m^(7)G),N^(6),2′-O-dimethyladenosine(m^(6)Am),N4-acetylcytidine(ac^(4)C),etc.RNA modifications,mediated by regulators including writers,erasers,and readers,are associated with carcinogenesis,tumor microenvironment,metabolic reprogramming,immunosuppression,immunotherapy,chemotherapy,etc.A novel perspective indicates that regulatory subunits and post-translational modifications(PTMs)are involved in the regulation of writer,eraser,and reader functions in mediating RNA modifications,tumorigenesis,and anticancer therapy.In this review,we summarize the advances made in the knowledge of different RNA modifications(especially m^(6)A)and focus on RNA modification regulators with functions modulated by a series of factors in cancer,including regulatory subunits(proteins,noncoding RNA or peptides encoded by long noncoding RNA)and PTMs(acetylation,SUMOylation,lactylation,phosphorylation,etc.).We also delineate the relationship between RNA modification regulator functions and carcinogenesis or cancer progression.Additionally,inhibitors that target RNA modification regulators for anticancer therapy and their synergistic effect combined with immunotherapy or chemotherapy are discussed.展开更多
基金Supported by A Grant from the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China, No. 07005961
文摘AIM： To investigate the proteins involved in colonic adaptation and molecular mechanisms of colonic adapration in rats with ultra-short bowel syndrome （USBS）. METHODS： Sprague Dawley rats were randomly as- signed to three groups： USBS group （10 rats） undergoing an approximately 90%-95% small bowel resection; sham-operation group （10 rats） undergoing small bowel transaction and anastomosis; and control group （ten normal rats）. Colon morphology and differential protein expression was analyzed after rats were given postsurgical enteral nutrition for 21 d. Protein expression in the colonic mucosa was analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE） in all groups. Differential protein spots were detected by ImageMaster 2D Platinum soft-ware and were further analyzed with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight/time-of-flightmass spectrometric （MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS） analysis. RESULTS： The colonic mucosal thickness significantly increased in the USBS group compared with the control group （302.1 ± 16.9 um vs 273.7 ± 16.0 um, P 〈 0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference between the sham-operation group and control group （P 〉 0.05）. The height of colon plica markedly improved in USBS group compared with the control group （998.4 ± 81.2 um vs 883.4 ± 39.0 um, P 〈 0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference between the shamoperation and control groups （P 〉 0.05）. A total of 141 differential protein spots were found in the USBS group. Forty-nine of these spots were down-regulated while 92 protein spots were up-regulated by over 2-folds. There were 133 differential protein spots in USBS group. Thirty of these spots were down-regulated and 103 were upregulated. There were 47 common differential protein spots among the three groups, including 17 down- regulated protein spots and 30 up-regulated spots. Among 47 differential spots, eight up-regulated proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. These proteins were previously reported to be involved in sugar and fat metabolism, protein synthesis and oxidation reduction, which are associated with colonic adaption. CONCLUSION： Eight proteins found in this study play important roles in colonic compensation and are associated with sugar and fat metabolism, protein synthesis, and molecular chaperoning
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82125029,82073106,82341016)Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(Nos.2023A03J0390,202201020101,202201020124).
文摘RNA modification is an essential component of the epitranscriptome,regulating RNA metabolism and cellular functions.Several types of RNA modifications have been identified to date;they include N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A),N^(1)-methyladenosine(m1A),5-methylcytosine(m5C),N^(7)-methylguanosine(m^(7)G),N^(6),2′-O-dimethyladenosine(m^(6)Am),N4-acetylcytidine(ac^(4)C),etc.RNA modifications,mediated by regulators including writers,erasers,and readers,are associated with carcinogenesis,tumor microenvironment,metabolic reprogramming,immunosuppression,immunotherapy,chemotherapy,etc.A novel perspective indicates that regulatory subunits and post-translational modifications(PTMs)are involved in the regulation of writer,eraser,and reader functions in mediating RNA modifications,tumorigenesis,and anticancer therapy.In this review,we summarize the advances made in the knowledge of different RNA modifications(especially m^(6)A)and focus on RNA modification regulators with functions modulated by a series of factors in cancer,including regulatory subunits(proteins,noncoding RNA or peptides encoded by long noncoding RNA)and PTMs(acetylation,SUMOylation,lactylation,phosphorylation,etc.).We also delineate the relationship between RNA modification regulator functions and carcinogenesis or cancer progression.Additionally,inhibitors that target RNA modification regulators for anticancer therapy and their synergistic effect combined with immunotherapy or chemotherapy are discussed.
