目的编写儿科医疗恐惧预防与处理专家共识(以下简称“共识”),旨在为系统化预防与处理0~18岁儿童的医疗恐惧提供标准化指引,规范并优化临床实践。方法基于循证方法,系统检索PubMed、CINAHL、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、...目的编写儿科医疗恐惧预防与处理专家共识(以下简称“共识”),旨在为系统化预防与处理0~18岁儿童的医疗恐惧提供标准化指引,规范并优化临床实践。方法基于循证方法,系统检索PubMed、CINAHL、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PsycINFO、儿童医疗辅导专业协会网站、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库及维普数据库中关于儿科医疗恐惧预防与处理相关的指南、专家共识、系统评价和原始研究等,检索时限为建库至2025年7月1日。通过对高质量证据进行评价、提取与整合,起草了共识初稿。通过组织2轮16名专家的函询及2轮8名专家的论证会,对初稿内容进行多轮修订与完善,最终达成本共识终稿。结果2轮专家函询的问卷有效回收率为100%。专家的权威性、判断依据和熟悉程度的系数分别为0.909、0.956和0.863。专家意见的协调程度良好,肯德尔和谐系数(Kendall′s W)为0.143(P<0.05)。共识包含适用者、应用场所、定义、评估、分级预防与干预策略、实施的核心原则与保障措施、共识优势与展望等内容。结论该共识具有较强的科学性与临床适用性,可减轻儿童恐惧,提升就医体验与治疗配合度,为各级医疗机构医务人员预防与处理儿童医疗恐惧提供循证依据与实践指导。展开更多
We theoretically investigate the hybrid plasmonic modes of cylindrical nanocables with gold nanocore and two dielectric nanolayers(SiO2 and BN).By solving a complete set of Maxwell's equations,the propagation cons...We theoretically investigate the hybrid plasmonic modes of cylindrical nanocables with gold nanocore and two dielectric nanolayers(SiO2 and BN).By solving a complete set of Maxwell's equations,the propagation constants and effective radii depending on geometrical parameters are numerically calculated.By declining a trade-off between propagation length and light confinement,high quality hybrid modes which can travel a long range of 120-200λwith a subwavelength effective radius are obtained at the optical wavelength.These modes in one-dimensional cylindrical waveguides should have potential applications in nanoscale optical device designs.展开更多
文摘目的编写儿科医疗恐惧预防与处理专家共识(以下简称“共识”),旨在为系统化预防与处理0~18岁儿童的医疗恐惧提供标准化指引,规范并优化临床实践。方法基于循证方法,系统检索PubMed、CINAHL、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PsycINFO、儿童医疗辅导专业协会网站、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库及维普数据库中关于儿科医疗恐惧预防与处理相关的指南、专家共识、系统评价和原始研究等,检索时限为建库至2025年7月1日。通过对高质量证据进行评价、提取与整合,起草了共识初稿。通过组织2轮16名专家的函询及2轮8名专家的论证会,对初稿内容进行多轮修订与完善,最终达成本共识终稿。结果2轮专家函询的问卷有效回收率为100%。专家的权威性、判断依据和熟悉程度的系数分别为0.909、0.956和0.863。专家意见的协调程度良好,肯德尔和谐系数(Kendall′s W)为0.143(P<0.05)。共识包含适用者、应用场所、定义、评估、分级预防与干预策略、实施的核心原则与保障措施、共识优势与展望等内容。结论该共识具有较强的科学性与临床适用性,可减轻儿童恐惧,提升就医体验与治疗配合度,为各级医疗机构医务人员预防与处理儿童医疗恐惧提供循证依据与实践指导。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10874004 and 10821062National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2007CB307001.
文摘We theoretically investigate the hybrid plasmonic modes of cylindrical nanocables with gold nanocore and two dielectric nanolayers(SiO2 and BN).By solving a complete set of Maxwell's equations,the propagation constants and effective radii depending on geometrical parameters are numerically calculated.By declining a trade-off between propagation length and light confinement,high quality hybrid modes which can travel a long range of 120-200λwith a subwavelength effective radius are obtained at the optical wavelength.These modes in one-dimensional cylindrical waveguides should have potential applications in nanoscale optical device designs.
