Introduction: Increased blood pressure variability (BPV) is detrimental after acute ischaemic stroke, but the interaction between BPV and neuroimaging factors that directly influence stroke outcome has not been explor...Introduction: Increased blood pressure variability (BPV) is detrimental after acute ischaemic stroke, but the interaction between BPV and neuroimaging factors that directly influence stroke outcome has not been explored. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed inpatients from 2007 to 2014 with acute anterior circulation ischaemic stroke, CT perfusion and angiography at hospital admission, and a modified Rankin Scale (MRS) 30- 365 days after stroke onset. BPV indices included SD, coefficient of variation and successive variation of the systolic blood pressure between 0 and 120 hours after admission. Ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to MRS with predictor variables of BPV indices. Models were further stratified by CT perfusion volumetric measurements, proximal vessel occlusion and collateral score. Results: 110 patients met the inclusion criteria. The likelihood of a 1-point rise in the MRS increased with every 10 mm Hg increase in BPV (OR for the 3 BPV indices ranged from 2.27 to 5.54), which was more pronounced in patients with larger ischaemic core volumes (OR 8.37 to 18.0) and larger hypoperfused volumes (OR 6.02 to 15.4). This association also held true for patients with larger mismatch volume, proximal vessel occlusion and good collateral vessels. Conclusions: These results indicate that increased BPV is associated with worse neurological outcome after stroke, particularly in patients with a large lesion core volume, concurrent viable ischaemic penumbra, proximal vessel occlusion and good collaterals. This subset of patients, who are often not candidates for or fail acute stroke therapies such as intravenous tissue plasminogen activator or endovascular thrombectomy, may benefit from interventions aimed at reducing BPV.展开更多
Ta3N5 is regarded as a promising photocatalyst for solar water splitting because of its excellent visible light absorption characteristics and simple composition.Conventional Ta3N5 photocatalysts prepared from oxide p...Ta3N5 is regarded as a promising photocatalyst for solar water splitting because of its excellent visible light absorption characteristics and simple composition.Conventional Ta3N5 photocatalysts prepared from oxide precursors typically comprise aggregated polycrystalline particles with defects and grain boundaries that reduce the water oxidation activity of the material.In the present work,well-dispersed Ta3N5 nanoparticulate single crystals were synthesized via a mild nitridation process using pure Ta metal nanopowder or Ta nanopowder mixed with NaCl.The resulting high-quality Ta3N5 nanoparticles,after loading with an oxygen evolution cocatalyst,exhibited impressively high photocatalytic performance during O_(2)evolution from a sacrificial AgNO3 solution,with an apparent quantum yield of 9.4%at 420 nm.Our findings suggest a new approach to the facile fabrication of nanostructured single-crystal photocatalysts for efficient solar water splitting,based on the use of metal nanopowders.展开更多
基金the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number KL2TR001065.
文摘Introduction: Increased blood pressure variability (BPV) is detrimental after acute ischaemic stroke, but the interaction between BPV and neuroimaging factors that directly influence stroke outcome has not been explored. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed inpatients from 2007 to 2014 with acute anterior circulation ischaemic stroke, CT perfusion and angiography at hospital admission, and a modified Rankin Scale (MRS) 30- 365 days after stroke onset. BPV indices included SD, coefficient of variation and successive variation of the systolic blood pressure between 0 and 120 hours after admission. Ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to MRS with predictor variables of BPV indices. Models were further stratified by CT perfusion volumetric measurements, proximal vessel occlusion and collateral score. Results: 110 patients met the inclusion criteria. The likelihood of a 1-point rise in the MRS increased with every 10 mm Hg increase in BPV (OR for the 3 BPV indices ranged from 2.27 to 5.54), which was more pronounced in patients with larger ischaemic core volumes (OR 8.37 to 18.0) and larger hypoperfused volumes (OR 6.02 to 15.4). This association also held true for patients with larger mismatch volume, proximal vessel occlusion and good collateral vessels. Conclusions: These results indicate that increased BPV is associated with worse neurological outcome after stroke, particularly in patients with a large lesion core volume, concurrent viable ischaemic penumbra, proximal vessel occlusion and good collaterals. This subset of patients, who are often not candidates for or fail acute stroke therapies such as intravenous tissue plasminogen activator or endovascular thrombectomy, may benefit from interventions aimed at reducing BPV.
基金supported by the Artificial Photosynthesis Project of the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization(NEDO).Part of this work was conducted at the Advanced Characterization Nanotechnology Platform of the University of Tokyo,supported by the“Nanotechnology Platform”of the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(MEXT),Japan(No.JPMXP09A-19-UT-0023).
文摘Ta3N5 is regarded as a promising photocatalyst for solar water splitting because of its excellent visible light absorption characteristics and simple composition.Conventional Ta3N5 photocatalysts prepared from oxide precursors typically comprise aggregated polycrystalline particles with defects and grain boundaries that reduce the water oxidation activity of the material.In the present work,well-dispersed Ta3N5 nanoparticulate single crystals were synthesized via a mild nitridation process using pure Ta metal nanopowder or Ta nanopowder mixed with NaCl.The resulting high-quality Ta3N5 nanoparticles,after loading with an oxygen evolution cocatalyst,exhibited impressively high photocatalytic performance during O_(2)evolution from a sacrificial AgNO3 solution,with an apparent quantum yield of 9.4%at 420 nm.Our findings suggest a new approach to the facile fabrication of nanostructured single-crystal photocatalysts for efficient solar water splitting,based on the use of metal nanopowders.
