A systematic review of the recent literature regarding the current image-guided systems used for cataract surgery or refractive lens exchange was performed based on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases in March 201...A systematic review of the recent literature regarding the current image-guided systems used for cataract surgery or refractive lens exchange was performed based on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases in March 2018. Literature review returned 21 eligible studies. These studies compared image-guided systems with other keratometric devices regarding their accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility in measurement of keratometric values, astigmatism magnitude and axis, as well as in IOL power calculation. Additionally, the image-guided systems were compared with conventional manual ink-marking techniques for the alignment of toric IOLs. In conclusion, image-guided systems seem to be an accurate and reliable technology with measurements of high repeatability and reproducibility regarding the keratometry and IOL power calculation, but not yet interchangeable with the current established and validated keratometric devices. However, they are superior over the conventional manual inkmarking techniques for toric IOL alignment.展开更多
A systematic review of the recent literature regarding pseudophakic monovision as a reliable methods for presbyopia correction was performed based on the PubMed, MEDLINE, Nature and the American Academy of Ophthalmolo...A systematic review of the recent literature regarding pseudophakic monovision as a reliable methods for presbyopia correction was performed based on the PubMed, MEDLINE, Nature and the American Academy of Ophthalmology databases in July 2015 and data from 18 descriptive and 12 comparative studies were included in this narrative review. Pseudophakic monosvision seems to be an effective method for presbyopia with high rates of spectacles independence and minimal dysphotopsia side- effects, that should be considered by the modern cataract surgeons.展开更多
AIM：To compare the efficacy of modified deep sclerectomy combined with Ex-PRESS shunt versus trabeculectomy in primary open angle glaucoma. METHODS：This is a prospective cohort comparative single-center study. Forty...AIM：To compare the efficacy of modified deep sclerectomy combined with Ex-PRESS shunt versus trabeculectomy in primary open angle glaucoma. METHODS：This is a prospective cohort comparative single-center study. Forty-nine eyes of 49 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A（22 patients） underwent classic trabeculectomy and group B（27 patients） underwent modified deep sclerectomy combined with insertion of Ex-PRESS model P50 drainage device. RESULTS：Mean age was 69±7y in group A and 64±8y in group B（P=0.03）. The mean reduction was 11.1±5.7 mm Hg in group A compared to 15.8±5.7 mm Hg in group B at 6mo（P=0.006）, and 9.8±4.9 mm Hg and 15.4±4.7 mm Hg respectively at 1y（P=0.0001）. Regarding the postoperative glaucoma medication, significant difference was observed between the two groups（in favour of group B） only at 6mo（P=0.017）. At the end of the follow-up period complete success rate in group A was 68.2% compared to 92.6% in group B（χ^2 test, P=0.07） and qualified success rate was 100% in both groups.CONCLUSION：Modified deep sclerectomy combined with Ex-PRESS shunt may provide comparable IOP reduction with fewer complications in management of primary open angle glaucoma.展开更多
AIM: To analyze the features of the filtering blebs following implantation of the Ex-PRESS glaucoma device(model P-50) with the aid of the Visante anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT)METHODS: Five pat...AIM: To analyze the features of the filtering blebs following implantation of the Ex-PRESS glaucoma device(model P-50) with the aid of the Visante anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT)METHODS: Five patients with open angle glaucomas were included in the study. They all underwent implantation of the Ex-PRESS device under a scleral flap. The surgical procedure was augmented with the use of mitomycin C subconjunctivally. The filtering blebs were analyzed with the Visante AS-OCT with the scans taken along the axis of the implantation of the glaucoma device.RESULTS: All filtering blebs were graded as diffuse functioning. The morphological characteristics of the blebs were similar to those of the trabeculectomy.However the use of the Ex-PRESS implant tend to form a characteristic episcleral lake at the site of the plate of the implant. CONCLUSION: The use of the Ex-PRESS implant produces filtering blebs similar to those of the trabeculectomy with the formation of a characteristic episcleral lake at the site of the plate of the implant.展开更多
A systematic review of the recent literature regarding the implementation of the liquefaction in cataract surgery and its short-term and long-term outcomes in various parameters that affect the quality of patients＂ l...A systematic review of the recent literature regarding the implementation of the liquefaction in cataract surgery and its short-term and long-term outcomes in various parameters that affect the quality of patients＂ life, including visual rehabilitation and possible complications was performed based on the PubMed, Medline, Nature and the American Academy of Ophthalmology databases in November 2013 and data from 14 comparative studies were included in this narrative review. Liquefaction is an innovative technology for cataract extraction that uses micropulses of balanced salt solution to liquefy the lens nucleus. Most studies reported that liquefaction is a reliable technology for mild to moderate cataracts, while fragmentation difficulties may be encountered with harder nuclei.展开更多
Adequate near and intermediate visual capacity is important in performing everyday tasks,especially after the introduction of smartphones and computers in our professional and recreational activities.Primary objective...Adequate near and intermediate visual capacity is important in performing everyday tasks,especially after the introduction of smartphones and computers in our professional and recreational activities.Primary objective of this study was to review all available reading tests both conventional and digital and explore their integrated characteristics.A systematic review of the recent literature regarding reading charts was performed based on the PubM ed,Google Scholar,and Springer databases between February and March 2021.Data from 11 descriptive and 24 comparative studies were included in the present systematic review.Clinical settings are still dominated by conventional printed reading charts;however,the most prevalent of them(i.e.,Jaeger type charts)are not validated.Reliable reading capacity assessment is done only by those that comply with the International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO)recommendations.Digital reading tests are gaining popularity both in clinical and research settings and are differentiated in standard computer-based applications that require installation either in a computer or a tablet(e.g.,Advanced VISION Test and web-based ones e.g.,Democritus Digital Acuity Reading Test requires no installation).It is evident that validated digital tests will prevail in future clinical or research settings and it is upon ophthalmologists to select the one most compatible with their examination routine.展开更多
Purpose: To evaluate the quality of life related to vision (QoL) in patients with ocular hypertension under treatment. Methods: The study included two groups. The first one consisted of 60 ocular hypertension patients...Purpose: To evaluate the quality of life related to vision (QoL) in patients with ocular hypertension under treatment. Methods: The study included two groups. The first one consisted of 60 ocular hypertension patients under topical hypotensive medications and the second one of 60 healthy persons. The Greek language version of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ-25) was completed by all patients. Results: The median scores of the total score and also for almost all the NEI VFQ-25 subscales were significantly decreased for the first group of ocular hypertension patients (OHT) under topical therapy. Females presented higher QoL than that of males. The patients who used one medication presented higher QoL than that of the patients who used more than one. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the intraocular pressure (IOP) were significantly correlated with QoL. The index of the visual fields, pattern standard deviation (PSD), was significantly related to the quality of life of OHT. The age, the cup to disk ratio and the central corneal thickness had also significant correlations with subscales of the QoL. Conclusions: The quality of life OHT patients under topical treatment is significantly decreased than healthy persons. Male sex and the number of medications affect QoL more. BCVA and IOP represent the clinical findings that best correlate with several subscales of QoL. PSD is a significant index that correlates well with the quality of life of OHT patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Red reflex test(RRT)is a simple,non-invasive method that can be performed easily by pediatricians during the clinical examination in neonatal period,infancy and childhood.Abnormal reflexes can lead to promp...BACKGROUND Red reflex test(RRT)is a simple,non-invasive method that can be performed easily by pediatricians during the clinical examination in neonatal period,infancy and childhood.Abnormal reflexes can lead to prompt diagnosis of several ocular disorders,with potentially severe consequences on patient’s vision,cognitive function and even life.AIM To underline the contribution of pediatricians to early detection of vision and life threatening diseases by using RRT effectively.METHODS For the present systematic review,PubMed searches were performed using the key words“red reflex and newborn”;“red reflex and neonate”;“red reflex and complications”;“red reflex and necessity”;“red reflex and retinoblastoma”;“red reflex and congenital cataract”;“red reflex and glaucoma”;“red reflex and prematurity”;“red reflex and leukocoria”;“red reflex and blindness”;“red reflex sensitivity and specificity”;“red reflex and differential diagnosis”;“red reflex and guidelines”.The relevant articles were selected without language restrictions.When a full-text publication was not available,their English abstracts were used.In some cases,studies from the reference lists of the selected articles provided useful information.The research took place in September 2020,in the Ophthalmology Department of University Hospital of Alexandroupolis.RESULTS A total of 45 articles were selected according to the used key words.After reviewing data from these articles,it is supported that red reflex remains an effective tool of undeniable importance for early detection of severe eye conditions,such as cataract,retinoblastoma,retinopathy of prematurity and glaucoma.Although literature reports some limitations of RRT,including a notable percentage of false positive tests,the inability to detect small,peripheral retinoblastomas and the lower sensitivity for posterior segment pathology,it is widely accepted that the benefits from the regular evaluation of the test on public health are significant.Therefore,RRT has been established by international guidelines and should be an essential component of pediatricians clinical practice.Red reflex implementation should be incorporated in pediatricians educational programs,so that they would be able to provide quality services and safe diagnoses.CONCLUSION The implementation of RRT should be encouraged in all neonatal/pediatric departments.Prompt education of pediatricians should be empowered in order to achieve careful vision screening,according to current guidelines.展开更多
A systematic review of the recent literature regarding a series of ocular diseases involved in European telemedicine projects was performed based on the Pub Med, Google Scholar and Springer databases in June 2017. Lit...A systematic review of the recent literature regarding a series of ocular diseases involved in European telemedicine projects was performed based on the Pub Med, Google Scholar and Springer databases in June 2017. Literature review returned 44 eligible studies; among them, emergency ophthalmology, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular disease, cataract and retinopathy of prematurity. The majority of studies indicate teleophthalmology as a valid, reliable and cost-efficient method for care-provision in ophthalmology patients which delivers comparable outcomes to the traditional examination methods.展开更多
Background:Recent artificial tear preparations have provided 0.2%concentration of sodium hyaluronate.However,no published data exist on their potential superiority against 0.1%in alleviating dry-eye-disease symptoms i...Background:Recent artificial tear preparations have provided 0.2%concentration of sodium hyaluronate.However,no published data exist on their potential superiority against 0.1%in alleviating dry-eye-disease symptoms in cataract extraction surgery.Methods:A total of 180 patients that underwent cataract extraction surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups according to their postoperative regime:Study group(SG)received fixed combination of tobramycin and dexamethasone(FCTD)quid for 3 weeks,and additionally 0.2%sodium hyaluronate provided in the COMOD®device quid for 6 weeks.Control group(CG)received fixed combination of tobramycin and dexamethasone(FCTD)quid for 3 weeks,and additionally 0.1%sodium hyaluronate provided in the COMOD®device quid for 6 weeks.The following indexes were evaluated at 3 postoperative checkpoints:(1)Surface discomfort index(SDI)which was derived by four direct 10-scale Likert-type questions that were addressed to the patient and pertained to:(a)foreign body sensation(FBS),(b)blinking discomfort(BD),(c)stinging sensation(SS),(d)tearing sensation(TS),(2)Tear breakup time(TBUT),(3)Schirmer’s test,(4)Central corneal thickness(CCT),and (4)Central Corneal Sensitivity(CCS).Results:Both groups showed reduced CCS values at all postoperative examination points;however,SG participants had significantly better CCS(all p<0.05).SG had better TBUT than CG at the 3rd(p=0.03)and 6th examination points(p=0.04).Moreover,SG had better SDI scores at the 3rd(SDI=9.26±0.55)and 6th weeks(SDI=9.47±0.48)vs.CG participants(p=0.03 and p<0.01,respectively).Conclusion:The increased 0.2%sodium hyaluronate concentration in the artificial tears provided in the COMOD®device seems to address dry-eye-disease symptoms better in patients who underwent phacoemulsification surgery than the 0.1%concentration.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03705949 Oct 15,2018,retrospectively registered.展开更多
Background:Universal postoperative guidelines for cataract extraction surgery are yet to be introduced.Artificial tears are gaining popularity as an additional integral component of the postoperative regime.The primar...Background:Universal postoperative guidelines for cataract extraction surgery are yet to be introduced.Artificial tears are gaining popularity as an additional integral component of the postoperative regime.The primary objective of this study was to explore the impact of two prevalent artificial tear preparations on postoperative discomfort following cataract extraction surgery.Methods:A total of 180 patients that underwent cataract extraction surgery were randomly divided into three groups according to their postoperative regime:a)Study group 1(SG1)received a fixed combination of tobramycin and dexamethasone(FCTD)quid for 3 weeks and,additionally polyethylene glycol 400/propylene glycol/hydroxypropyl-guar quid,for 6 weeks,b)Study group 2(SG2)received FCTD quid for 3 weeks and,additionally 0.1%sodium hyaluronate provided in the COMOD^(®)device quid,for 6 weeks,and,c)Control Group(CG)received only FCTD quid for 3 weeks.The following indexes were evaluated at three postoperative checkpoints:1)Subjective discomfort index(SDI)derived from four direct 10-scale Likert-type questions that were addressed to the patient and pertained to:a)foreign body sensation(FBS),b)blinking discomfort(BD),c)stinging sensation(SS),d)tearing sensation(TS),2)Tear break-up time(TBUT),3)Central corneal thickness(CCT)and,4)Central Corneal Sensitivity(CCS).Results:Both groups showed increased CCT values at the first examination point and reduced CCS values at all examination points.Furthermore,both SGs had better TBUT times at all examination points compared to CG(CG:8.86±1.08,SG1:9.59±1.45,CG2:9.45±1.33,p<0.05).BD was significantly better in both SGs only at the 1^(st) week of examination,while SDI values were better until the 3^(rd) week and only borderline better at 6^(th) week.Lastly,no significant differences were detected between SGs,regarding all parameters,at all examination points.Conclusion:Polyethylene glycol 400/propylene glycol/hydroxypropyl-guar and 0.1%sodium hyaluronate provided in the COMOD^(®)device seem to be equally efficient in alleviating OSD symptoms following cataract extraction surgery and any of them should be routinely added to the postoperative regime.展开更多
Background:MNREAD is an advanced near-vision acuity chart that has already been translated and validated in Greek language.Considering that no validated Greek digital near-vision test exists,our primary objective was ...Background:MNREAD is an advanced near-vision acuity chart that has already been translated and validated in Greek language.Considering that no validated Greek digital near-vision test exists,our primary objective was to develop and validate a digital near-vision reading test based on the fundamental properties of the Greek printed MNREAD(MNREAD-GR).Methods:This is a prospective,comparative study.A digital near-vision chart was developed(Democritus Digital Acuity Reading Test-DDART)with text size calibration,audio recording for automatic reading timing,as well as automatic calculation of reading acuity(RA),maximum reading speed(MRS),critical print size(CPS)and reading accessibility index(ACC).Normal and low vision subjects participated in the validation process,responding to MNREAD-GR and DDART at the same day,at a 40 cm viewing distance.Differences in all parameters between the charts were compared with t-test and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs).Within 15 days,all participants responded again to DDART in a different set of sentences to assess its test-retest reliability.Results:One hundred patients(normal vision group-NVG:70 patients;low vision group-LVG:30 patients)responded to both reading tests.Non-significant differences were detected for all parameters between DDART and MNREAD-GR except for MRS and ACC that were significantly higher in MNREAD-GR in NVG(p<0.01).NVG participants demonstrated sufficient ICCs that ranged from 0.854 to 0.963,while LVG demonstrated ICCs for RA,ACC,MRS and CPS equal to 0.986,0.894,0.794 and 0.723,respectively.All parameters calculated with DDART demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability(ICCs:0.903-0.956).Conclusions:The proposed reading test presented comparable validity and repeatability to MNREAD-GR suggesting that it can be used both in normal and low vision Greek patients.展开更多
Background:Pseudophakic presbyopic correction is among the prevalent methods for regaining near vision capacity.The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of pseudophakic monovision correction and multifocal l...Background:Pseudophakic presbyopic correction is among the prevalent methods for regaining near vision capacity.The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of pseudophakic monovision correction and multifocal lens implantation on the performance in a series of activities of daily living(ADL)of presbyopic patients.Methods:An ADL research framework(10 ADLs)was constructed and validated in a sample of patients divided into three validation groups according to their near visual acuity.Sixty-two participants that underwent mini-monovision(MoG)cataract extraction and 60 that underwent bilateral multifocal lenses implantation(MfG)populated study groups and addressed the ADLs.Binocular uncorrected distant(BdUVA)and near(BnUVA)visual acuity were associated with ADL scores and with subjective satisfaction using the VF-14 questionnaire.Results:Test-retest reliability[all Intraclass Correlations Coefficients(ICC)>0.90]and construct validity(all p<0.05)tests indicated sufficient psychometric performance of the ADL framework.Both study groups presented comparable mean ADL scores(p=0.07)however,MoG patients had lower performance in demanding ADLs(p=0.02).ADL scores demonstrated significant correlation with BnUVA(r^(2)=−0.67,p<0.01)VF-14 scores(r^(2)=0.53,p<0.01).Conclusions:Both methods provide sufficient near vision capacity for the majority of activities of daily living.However,only multifocal lens implantation can address demanding near vision tasks.展开更多
文摘A systematic review of the recent literature regarding the current image-guided systems used for cataract surgery or refractive lens exchange was performed based on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases in March 2018. Literature review returned 21 eligible studies. These studies compared image-guided systems with other keratometric devices regarding their accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility in measurement of keratometric values, astigmatism magnitude and axis, as well as in IOL power calculation. Additionally, the image-guided systems were compared with conventional manual ink-marking techniques for the alignment of toric IOLs. In conclusion, image-guided systems seem to be an accurate and reliable technology with measurements of high repeatability and reproducibility regarding the keratometry and IOL power calculation, but not yet interchangeable with the current established and validated keratometric devices. However, they are superior over the conventional manual inkmarking techniques for toric IOL alignment.
文摘A systematic review of the recent literature regarding pseudophakic monovision as a reliable methods for presbyopia correction was performed based on the PubMed, MEDLINE, Nature and the American Academy of Ophthalmology databases in July 2015 and data from 18 descriptive and 12 comparative studies were included in this narrative review. Pseudophakic monosvision seems to be an effective method for presbyopia with high rates of spectacles independence and minimal dysphotopsia side- effects, that should be considered by the modern cataract surgeons.
文摘AIM：To compare the efficacy of modified deep sclerectomy combined with Ex-PRESS shunt versus trabeculectomy in primary open angle glaucoma. METHODS：This is a prospective cohort comparative single-center study. Forty-nine eyes of 49 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A（22 patients） underwent classic trabeculectomy and group B（27 patients） underwent modified deep sclerectomy combined with insertion of Ex-PRESS model P50 drainage device. RESULTS：Mean age was 69±7y in group A and 64±8y in group B（P=0.03）. The mean reduction was 11.1±5.7 mm Hg in group A compared to 15.8±5.7 mm Hg in group B at 6mo（P=0.006）, and 9.8±4.9 mm Hg and 15.4±4.7 mm Hg respectively at 1y（P=0.0001）. Regarding the postoperative glaucoma medication, significant difference was observed between the two groups（in favour of group B） only at 6mo（P=0.017）. At the end of the follow-up period complete success rate in group A was 68.2% compared to 92.6% in group B（χ^2 test, P=0.07） and qualified success rate was 100% in both groups.CONCLUSION：Modified deep sclerectomy combined with Ex-PRESS shunt may provide comparable IOP reduction with fewer complications in management of primary open angle glaucoma.
文摘AIM: To analyze the features of the filtering blebs following implantation of the Ex-PRESS glaucoma device(model P-50) with the aid of the Visante anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT)METHODS: Five patients with open angle glaucomas were included in the study. They all underwent implantation of the Ex-PRESS device under a scleral flap. The surgical procedure was augmented with the use of mitomycin C subconjunctivally. The filtering blebs were analyzed with the Visante AS-OCT with the scans taken along the axis of the implantation of the glaucoma device.RESULTS: All filtering blebs were graded as diffuse functioning. The morphological characteristics of the blebs were similar to those of the trabeculectomy.However the use of the Ex-PRESS implant tend to form a characteristic episcleral lake at the site of the plate of the implant. CONCLUSION: The use of the Ex-PRESS implant produces filtering blebs similar to those of the trabeculectomy with the formation of a characteristic episcleral lake at the site of the plate of the implant.
文摘A systematic review of the recent literature regarding the implementation of the liquefaction in cataract surgery and its short-term and long-term outcomes in various parameters that affect the quality of patients＂ life, including visual rehabilitation and possible complications was performed based on the PubMed, Medline, Nature and the American Academy of Ophthalmology databases in November 2013 and data from 14 comparative studies were included in this narrative review. Liquefaction is an innovative technology for cataract extraction that uses micropulses of balanced salt solution to liquefy the lens nucleus. Most studies reported that liquefaction is a reliable technology for mild to moderate cataracts, while fragmentation difficulties may be encountered with harder nuclei.
文摘Adequate near and intermediate visual capacity is important in performing everyday tasks,especially after the introduction of smartphones and computers in our professional and recreational activities.Primary objective of this study was to review all available reading tests both conventional and digital and explore their integrated characteristics.A systematic review of the recent literature regarding reading charts was performed based on the PubM ed,Google Scholar,and Springer databases between February and March 2021.Data from 11 descriptive and 24 comparative studies were included in the present systematic review.Clinical settings are still dominated by conventional printed reading charts;however,the most prevalent of them(i.e.,Jaeger type charts)are not validated.Reliable reading capacity assessment is done only by those that comply with the International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO)recommendations.Digital reading tests are gaining popularity both in clinical and research settings and are differentiated in standard computer-based applications that require installation either in a computer or a tablet(e.g.,Advanced VISION Test and web-based ones e.g.,Democritus Digital Acuity Reading Test requires no installation).It is evident that validated digital tests will prevail in future clinical or research settings and it is upon ophthalmologists to select the one most compatible with their examination routine.
文摘Purpose: To evaluate the quality of life related to vision (QoL) in patients with ocular hypertension under treatment. Methods: The study included two groups. The first one consisted of 60 ocular hypertension patients under topical hypotensive medications and the second one of 60 healthy persons. The Greek language version of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ-25) was completed by all patients. Results: The median scores of the total score and also for almost all the NEI VFQ-25 subscales were significantly decreased for the first group of ocular hypertension patients (OHT) under topical therapy. Females presented higher QoL than that of males. The patients who used one medication presented higher QoL than that of the patients who used more than one. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the intraocular pressure (IOP) were significantly correlated with QoL. The index of the visual fields, pattern standard deviation (PSD), was significantly related to the quality of life of OHT. The age, the cup to disk ratio and the central corneal thickness had also significant correlations with subscales of the QoL. Conclusions: The quality of life OHT patients under topical treatment is significantly decreased than healthy persons. Male sex and the number of medications affect QoL more. BCVA and IOP represent the clinical findings that best correlate with several subscales of QoL. PSD is a significant index that correlates well with the quality of life of OHT patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Red reflex test(RRT)is a simple,non-invasive method that can be performed easily by pediatricians during the clinical examination in neonatal period,infancy and childhood.Abnormal reflexes can lead to prompt diagnosis of several ocular disorders,with potentially severe consequences on patient’s vision,cognitive function and even life.AIM To underline the contribution of pediatricians to early detection of vision and life threatening diseases by using RRT effectively.METHODS For the present systematic review,PubMed searches were performed using the key words“red reflex and newborn”;“red reflex and neonate”;“red reflex and complications”;“red reflex and necessity”;“red reflex and retinoblastoma”;“red reflex and congenital cataract”;“red reflex and glaucoma”;“red reflex and prematurity”;“red reflex and leukocoria”;“red reflex and blindness”;“red reflex sensitivity and specificity”;“red reflex and differential diagnosis”;“red reflex and guidelines”.The relevant articles were selected without language restrictions.When a full-text publication was not available,their English abstracts were used.In some cases,studies from the reference lists of the selected articles provided useful information.The research took place in September 2020,in the Ophthalmology Department of University Hospital of Alexandroupolis.RESULTS A total of 45 articles were selected according to the used key words.After reviewing data from these articles,it is supported that red reflex remains an effective tool of undeniable importance for early detection of severe eye conditions,such as cataract,retinoblastoma,retinopathy of prematurity and glaucoma.Although literature reports some limitations of RRT,including a notable percentage of false positive tests,the inability to detect small,peripheral retinoblastomas and the lower sensitivity for posterior segment pathology,it is widely accepted that the benefits from the regular evaluation of the test on public health are significant.Therefore,RRT has been established by international guidelines and should be an essential component of pediatricians clinical practice.Red reflex implementation should be incorporated in pediatricians educational programs,so that they would be able to provide quality services and safe diagnoses.CONCLUSION The implementation of RRT should be encouraged in all neonatal/pediatric departments.Prompt education of pediatricians should be empowered in order to achieve careful vision screening,according to current guidelines.
文摘A systematic review of the recent literature regarding a series of ocular diseases involved in European telemedicine projects was performed based on the Pub Med, Google Scholar and Springer databases in June 2017. Literature review returned 44 eligible studies; among them, emergency ophthalmology, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular disease, cataract and retinopathy of prematurity. The majority of studies indicate teleophthalmology as a valid, reliable and cost-efficient method for care-provision in ophthalmology patients which delivers comparable outcomes to the traditional examination methods.
文摘Background:Recent artificial tear preparations have provided 0.2%concentration of sodium hyaluronate.However,no published data exist on their potential superiority against 0.1%in alleviating dry-eye-disease symptoms in cataract extraction surgery.Methods:A total of 180 patients that underwent cataract extraction surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups according to their postoperative regime:Study group(SG)received fixed combination of tobramycin and dexamethasone(FCTD)quid for 3 weeks,and additionally 0.2%sodium hyaluronate provided in the COMOD®device quid for 6 weeks.Control group(CG)received fixed combination of tobramycin and dexamethasone(FCTD)quid for 3 weeks,and additionally 0.1%sodium hyaluronate provided in the COMOD®device quid for 6 weeks.The following indexes were evaluated at 3 postoperative checkpoints:(1)Surface discomfort index(SDI)which was derived by four direct 10-scale Likert-type questions that were addressed to the patient and pertained to:(a)foreign body sensation(FBS),(b)blinking discomfort(BD),(c)stinging sensation(SS),(d)tearing sensation(TS),(2)Tear breakup time(TBUT),(3)Schirmer’s test,(4)Central corneal thickness(CCT),and (4)Central Corneal Sensitivity(CCS).Results:Both groups showed reduced CCS values at all postoperative examination points;however,SG participants had significantly better CCS(all p<0.05).SG had better TBUT than CG at the 3rd(p=0.03)and 6th examination points(p=0.04).Moreover,SG had better SDI scores at the 3rd(SDI=9.26±0.55)and 6th weeks(SDI=9.47±0.48)vs.CG participants(p=0.03 and p<0.01,respectively).Conclusion:The increased 0.2%sodium hyaluronate concentration in the artificial tears provided in the COMOD®device seems to address dry-eye-disease symptoms better in patients who underwent phacoemulsification surgery than the 0.1%concentration.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03705949 Oct 15,2018,retrospectively registered.
文摘Background:Universal postoperative guidelines for cataract extraction surgery are yet to be introduced.Artificial tears are gaining popularity as an additional integral component of the postoperative regime.The primary objective of this study was to explore the impact of two prevalent artificial tear preparations on postoperative discomfort following cataract extraction surgery.Methods:A total of 180 patients that underwent cataract extraction surgery were randomly divided into three groups according to their postoperative regime:a)Study group 1(SG1)received a fixed combination of tobramycin and dexamethasone(FCTD)quid for 3 weeks and,additionally polyethylene glycol 400/propylene glycol/hydroxypropyl-guar quid,for 6 weeks,b)Study group 2(SG2)received FCTD quid for 3 weeks and,additionally 0.1%sodium hyaluronate provided in the COMOD^(®)device quid,for 6 weeks,and,c)Control Group(CG)received only FCTD quid for 3 weeks.The following indexes were evaluated at three postoperative checkpoints:1)Subjective discomfort index(SDI)derived from four direct 10-scale Likert-type questions that were addressed to the patient and pertained to:a)foreign body sensation(FBS),b)blinking discomfort(BD),c)stinging sensation(SS),d)tearing sensation(TS),2)Tear break-up time(TBUT),3)Central corneal thickness(CCT)and,4)Central Corneal Sensitivity(CCS).Results:Both groups showed increased CCT values at the first examination point and reduced CCS values at all examination points.Furthermore,both SGs had better TBUT times at all examination points compared to CG(CG:8.86±1.08,SG1:9.59±1.45,CG2:9.45±1.33,p<0.05).BD was significantly better in both SGs only at the 1^(st) week of examination,while SDI values were better until the 3^(rd) week and only borderline better at 6^(th) week.Lastly,no significant differences were detected between SGs,regarding all parameters,at all examination points.Conclusion:Polyethylene glycol 400/propylene glycol/hydroxypropyl-guar and 0.1%sodium hyaluronate provided in the COMOD^(®)device seem to be equally efficient in alleviating OSD symptoms following cataract extraction surgery and any of them should be routinely added to the postoperative regime.
文摘Background:MNREAD is an advanced near-vision acuity chart that has already been translated and validated in Greek language.Considering that no validated Greek digital near-vision test exists,our primary objective was to develop and validate a digital near-vision reading test based on the fundamental properties of the Greek printed MNREAD(MNREAD-GR).Methods:This is a prospective,comparative study.A digital near-vision chart was developed(Democritus Digital Acuity Reading Test-DDART)with text size calibration,audio recording for automatic reading timing,as well as automatic calculation of reading acuity(RA),maximum reading speed(MRS),critical print size(CPS)and reading accessibility index(ACC).Normal and low vision subjects participated in the validation process,responding to MNREAD-GR and DDART at the same day,at a 40 cm viewing distance.Differences in all parameters between the charts were compared with t-test and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs).Within 15 days,all participants responded again to DDART in a different set of sentences to assess its test-retest reliability.Results:One hundred patients(normal vision group-NVG:70 patients;low vision group-LVG:30 patients)responded to both reading tests.Non-significant differences were detected for all parameters between DDART and MNREAD-GR except for MRS and ACC that were significantly higher in MNREAD-GR in NVG(p<0.01).NVG participants demonstrated sufficient ICCs that ranged from 0.854 to 0.963,while LVG demonstrated ICCs for RA,ACC,MRS and CPS equal to 0.986,0.894,0.794 and 0.723,respectively.All parameters calculated with DDART demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability(ICCs:0.903-0.956).Conclusions:The proposed reading test presented comparable validity and repeatability to MNREAD-GR suggesting that it can be used both in normal and low vision Greek patients.
文摘Background:Pseudophakic presbyopic correction is among the prevalent methods for regaining near vision capacity.The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of pseudophakic monovision correction and multifocal lens implantation on the performance in a series of activities of daily living(ADL)of presbyopic patients.Methods:An ADL research framework(10 ADLs)was constructed and validated in a sample of patients divided into three validation groups according to their near visual acuity.Sixty-two participants that underwent mini-monovision(MoG)cataract extraction and 60 that underwent bilateral multifocal lenses implantation(MfG)populated study groups and addressed the ADLs.Binocular uncorrected distant(BdUVA)and near(BnUVA)visual acuity were associated with ADL scores and with subjective satisfaction using the VF-14 questionnaire.Results:Test-retest reliability[all Intraclass Correlations Coefficients(ICC)>0.90]and construct validity(all p<0.05)tests indicated sufficient psychometric performance of the ADL framework.Both study groups presented comparable mean ADL scores(p=0.07)however,MoG patients had lower performance in demanding ADLs(p=0.02).ADL scores demonstrated significant correlation with BnUVA(r^(2)=−0.67,p<0.01)VF-14 scores(r^(2)=0.53,p<0.01).Conclusions:Both methods provide sufficient near vision capacity for the majority of activities of daily living.However,only multifocal lens implantation can address demanding near vision tasks.
