The donkey is an important livestock species that can provide milk,meat,and skin and belongs to the family Equus.The first genome of a male donkey was sequenced and de novo assembled using a whole-genome shotgun strat...The donkey is an important livestock species that can provide milk,meat,and skin and belongs to the family Equus.The first genome of a male donkey was sequenced and de novo assembled using a whole-genome shotgun strategy(Huang et al.,2015).Subsequently,the donkey genome showed greater improvement in continuity and chromosome length than a previous assembly(Renaud et al.,2018).展开更多
BACKGROUND Sepsis exacerbates intestinal microecological disorders leading to poor prognosis.Proper modalities of nutritional support can improve nutrition,immunity,and intestinal microecology.AIM To identify the opti...BACKGROUND Sepsis exacerbates intestinal microecological disorders leading to poor prognosis.Proper modalities of nutritional support can improve nutrition,immunity,and intestinal microecology.AIM To identify the optimal modality of early nutritional support for patients with sepsis from the perspective of intestinal microecology.METHODS Thirty patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,China,between 2019 and 2021 with indications for nutritional support,were randomly assigned to one of three different modalities of nutritional support for a total of 5 d:Total enteral nutrition(TEN group),total parenteral nutrition(TPN group),and supplemental parenteral nutrition(SPN group).Blood and stool specimens were collected before and after nutritional support,and changes in gut microbiota,short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and immune and nutritional indicators were detected and compared among the three groups.RESULTS In comparison with before nutritional support,the three groups after nutritional support presented:(1)Differences in the gut bacteria(Enterococcus increased in the TEN group,Campylobacter decreased in the TPN group,and Dialister decreased in the SPN group;all P<0.05);(2)different trends in SCFAs(the TEN group showed improvement except for Caproic acid,the TPN group showed improvement only for acetic and propionic acid,and the SPN group showed a decreasing trend);(3)significant improvement of the nutritional and immunological indicators in the TEN and SPN groups,while only immunoglobulin G improved in the TPN group(all P<0.05);and(4)a significant correlation was found between the gut bacteria,SCFAs,and nutritional and immunological indicators(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION TEN is recommended as the preferred mode of early nutritional support in sepsis based on clinical nutritional and immunological indicators,as well as changes in intestinal microecology.展开更多
Semiconductor-employed photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction has been regarded as a promising approach for environmental-friendly conversion of CO_(2) into solar fuels.Herein,TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O composite nanorods have been suc...Semiconductor-employed photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction has been regarded as a promising approach for environmental-friendly conversion of CO_(2) into solar fuels.Herein,TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O composite nanorods have been successfully fabricated by a facile chemical reduction method and applied for photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction.The composition and structure characterization indicates that the Cu_(2)O nanoparticles are coupled with TiO_(2) nanorods with an intimate contact.Under light illumination,all the TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O composite nanorods enhance the photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.In particular,the TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O-15%sample exhibits the highest CH_(4)yield(1.35μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)) within 4 h irradiation,and it is 3.07 and 15 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)nanorods and Cu_(2)O nanoparticles,respectively.The enhanced photoreduction capability of the TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O-15%is attributed to the intimate construction of Cu_(2)O nanoparticles on TiO_(2) nanorods with formed p-n junction to accelerate the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.This work provides a reference for rational design of a p-n heterojunction photocatalyst for CO_(2) photoreduction.展开更多
Cryosurgery is an effective way of curing many diseases including tumors and cancers. It can be applied using a variety of systems and cryogens. Cheap, convenient, reliable equipment still needs to be developed so tha...Cryosurgery is an effective way of curing many diseases including tumors and cancers. It can be applied using a variety of systems and cryogens. Cheap, convenient, reliable equipment still needs to be developed so that cryotherapy may be accepted by surgeons and hospitals. This paper presents a cryosurgery apparatus that utilizes an auto-cascade refrigeration system. Refrigerant mixture R50/R23/R600a was selected as the working fluid. The mixture composition was altered to achieve lower temperatures and higher capacity. The lowest temperature at the cryoprobe could be as low as -100℃, and 8 W refrigeration capacity could be obtained at -80 ℃. An ice ball of 11.6 mm diameter could be formed when the cryoprobe was immersed in a water bath at 37 ℃.展开更多
Backgrounds This work emphasizes the current research status of the urban Digital Twins to establish an intelligent spatiotemporal framework.A Geospatial Artificial Intelligent(GeoAI)system is developed based on the G...Backgrounds This work emphasizes the current research status of the urban Digital Twins to establish an intelligent spatiotemporal framework.A Geospatial Artificial Intelligent(GeoAI)system is developed based on the Geographic Information System and Artificial Intelligence.It integrates multi-video technology and Virtual City in urban Digital Twins.Methods Besides,an improved small object detection model is proposed:YOLOv5-Pyramid,and Siamese network video tracking models,namely MPSiam and FSSiamese,are established.Finally,an experimental platform is built to verify the georeferencing correction scheme of video images.Result The MultiplyAccumulate value of MPSiam is 0.5B,and that of ResNet50-Siam is 4.5B.Besides,the model is compressed by 4.8times.The inference speed has increased by 3.3 times,reaching 83 Frames Per Second.3%of the Average Expectation Overlap is lost.Therefore,the urban Digital Twins-oriented GeoAI framework established here has excellent performance for video georeferencing and target detection problems.展开更多
Selection of aptamers with high affinity and good specificity requires multiple rounds of alternating steps of separation and PCR amplification.Herein,we proposed a novel high-efficiency aptamers picking strategy:One-...Selection of aptamers with high affinity and good specificity requires multiple rounds of alternating steps of separation and PCR amplification.Herein,we proposed a novel high-efficiency aptamers picking strategy:One-round pressure controllable selection(OPCS).OPCS integrates four types of screening superiority,high-efficiency separation,one-round selection and PCR amplification,synchronous negative selection and targets competition.The controllable screening pressure can be achieved through two approaches,balanced competition by the regulation of protein concentration,and dominant competition by introducing a predatory protein with high concentration.In OPCS process,two proteins were co-incubated with one ssDNA library,and each protein bound its favorable sequences specifically and formed protein-ss D NA complex re spectively.Meanwhile,one protein could supply/sufferthe picking pressure of affinity and specificity to/from another,which eliminated weakly bound or unbound sequences for each other.Two complexes could be separated and collected conveniently,and aptamers for two proteins obtained synchronously with high affinity and good specificity.This strategy not only provides a more effective way for aptamers selection,but shows great potential in other ligands or drugs selection.展开更多
Otogenic vertigo is a common disorder that affects the vestibular system,which often results in considerable discomfort and impaired daily functioning.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),including acupuncture and moxibu...Otogenic vertigo is a common disorder that affects the vestibular system,which often results in considerable discomfort and impaired daily functioning.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),including acupuncture and moxibustion,has been historically utilized to manage the symptoms of vertigo.However,the effectiveness and methodology of these treatments have rarely been investigated in the medical literature.This study reviews the existing literature on the point selection,method,and therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion to provide a reference for the TCM treatment of otogenic vertigo.A literature search was performed using the PubMed search engine.The terms used included otogenic vertigo,acupuncture treatment,and acupuncture point selection.A total of 34 relevant articles were retrieved from PubMed.These suggest that the clinical treatment of otogenic vertigo should consider the functions of zang-fu organs and meridians and select different acupuncture treatment methods according to syndrome differentiation based on the difference between deficiency and excess.Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy should be based on acupoint selection,considering the syndrome differentiation,supplemented with experience.The treatment of otogenic vertigo with acupuncture and moxibustion refers to the selection of appropriate acupuncture methods under the guidance of TCM theory and following the principles of syndrome,disease,and meridian differentiation.Common acupuncture methods include body acupuncture,auricular acupuncture,scalp acupuncture,acupoint injection,electroacupuncture,and moxibustion.There are many acupuncture and moxibustion acupoints selected for the treatment of otogenic vertigo.Individualized treatment according to the patient’s specific condition is effective and safe,which can help to improve the patient’s vertigo symptoms and cerebral blood perfusion.展开更多
目的探究Cosmc或T-合酶基因敲除引起的异常O-糖基化修饰对结肠癌外泌体中微小RNA表达模式的影响,以揭示O-糖基化在结肠癌发展中的分子机制,并识别潜在的生物标志物,为结肠癌的早期诊断和治疗提供新策略。方法在人结肠癌细胞株HCT116中应...目的探究Cosmc或T-合酶基因敲除引起的异常O-糖基化修饰对结肠癌外泌体中微小RNA表达模式的影响,以揭示O-糖基化在结肠癌发展中的分子机制,并识别潜在的生物标志物,为结肠癌的早期诊断和治疗提供新策略。方法在人结肠癌细胞株HCT116中应用CRISPR/Cas-9基因编辑技术,分别靶向敲除Cosmc或T-合酶基因,以构建两种异常O-糖基化修饰的稳定转染细胞系。提取分离出肠癌细胞来源的外泌体,利用微小RNA(microRNAs,miRNAs)微阵列芯片,对比分析了其外泌体中miRNAs的表达差异。随后,在两组细胞来源的外泌体中筛选出表达量发生显著变化且变化趋势一致的miRNAs群体,采用传统荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术对这些miRNAs进行了独立验证。最后,通过癌症基因组图谱计划(The Cancer Genome Atlas Program,TCGA)数据库获取结直肠癌患者信息,利用R语言将表达上调的miRNA进行基因集富集分析(Gene Set Enrichment Analysis,GSEA),探索其显著相关的下游通路及表型。结果无论是Cosmc还是T-合酶基因缺失均会导致结肠癌细胞中O-糖基化修饰发生异常,Tn抗原暴露,进而使得结肠癌细胞来源的外泌体中hsa-miR-125b-1-3p表达量下调(P<0.05),而hsa-miR-218-5p表达量上调(P<0.05),且与肿瘤细胞上皮-间质转化过程密切相关(P<0.05)。结论由Cosmc或T-合酶基因缺失所介导的异常O-糖基化对结肠癌外泌体中相关miRNAs表达产生显著影响,进而可能影响结肠癌上皮-间质转化过程,从而促进肠癌远处转移。由此,基于肠癌外泌体的高稳定性及易检出性的天然优势,通过对其所携带miRNAs的表达量变化进行检测,可监测疾病进展和治疗效果,从而为结肠癌患者提供更为个性化的诊疗策略。展开更多
基金supported by the Third National Census of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources(K4050422227)the 2020 Scientist plus Engineer program of Shaanxi Province of Chinathe Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund(K3030922098).
文摘The donkey is an important livestock species that can provide milk,meat,and skin and belongs to the family Equus.The first genome of a male donkey was sequenced and de novo assembled using a whole-genome shotgun strategy(Huang et al.,2015).Subsequently,the donkey genome showed greater improvement in continuity and chromosome length than a previous assembly(Renaud et al.,2018).
基金Supported by Ningxia Natural Science Foundation Project,No.2022AAC03488the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2016YFD0400605.
文摘BACKGROUND Sepsis exacerbates intestinal microecological disorders leading to poor prognosis.Proper modalities of nutritional support can improve nutrition,immunity,and intestinal microecology.AIM To identify the optimal modality of early nutritional support for patients with sepsis from the perspective of intestinal microecology.METHODS Thirty patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,China,between 2019 and 2021 with indications for nutritional support,were randomly assigned to one of three different modalities of nutritional support for a total of 5 d:Total enteral nutrition(TEN group),total parenteral nutrition(TPN group),and supplemental parenteral nutrition(SPN group).Blood and stool specimens were collected before and after nutritional support,and changes in gut microbiota,short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and immune and nutritional indicators were detected and compared among the three groups.RESULTS In comparison with before nutritional support,the three groups after nutritional support presented:(1)Differences in the gut bacteria(Enterococcus increased in the TEN group,Campylobacter decreased in the TPN group,and Dialister decreased in the SPN group;all P<0.05);(2)different trends in SCFAs(the TEN group showed improvement except for Caproic acid,the TPN group showed improvement only for acetic and propionic acid,and the SPN group showed a decreasing trend);(3)significant improvement of the nutritional and immunological indicators in the TEN and SPN groups,while only immunoglobulin G improved in the TPN group(all P<0.05);and(4)a significant correlation was found between the gut bacteria,SCFAs,and nutritional and immunological indicators(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION TEN is recommended as the preferred mode of early nutritional support in sepsis based on clinical nutritional and immunological indicators,as well as changes in intestinal microecology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21501137)。
文摘Semiconductor-employed photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction has been regarded as a promising approach for environmental-friendly conversion of CO_(2) into solar fuels.Herein,TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O composite nanorods have been successfully fabricated by a facile chemical reduction method and applied for photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction.The composition and structure characterization indicates that the Cu_(2)O nanoparticles are coupled with TiO_(2) nanorods with an intimate contact.Under light illumination,all the TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O composite nanorods enhance the photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.In particular,the TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O-15%sample exhibits the highest CH_(4)yield(1.35μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)) within 4 h irradiation,and it is 3.07 and 15 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)nanorods and Cu_(2)O nanoparticles,respectively.The enhanced photoreduction capability of the TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O-15%is attributed to the intimate construction of Cu_(2)O nanoparticles on TiO_(2) nanorods with formed p-n junction to accelerate the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.This work provides a reference for rational design of a p-n heterojunction photocatalyst for CO_(2) photoreduction.
基金Project (No.50606032) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Cryosurgery is an effective way of curing many diseases including tumors and cancers. It can be applied using a variety of systems and cryogens. Cheap, convenient, reliable equipment still needs to be developed so that cryotherapy may be accepted by surgeons and hospitals. This paper presents a cryosurgery apparatus that utilizes an auto-cascade refrigeration system. Refrigerant mixture R50/R23/R600a was selected as the working fluid. The mixture composition was altered to achieve lower temperatures and higher capacity. The lowest temperature at the cryoprobe could be as low as -100℃, and 8 W refrigeration capacity could be obtained at -80 ℃. An ice ball of 11.6 mm diameter could be formed when the cryoprobe was immersed in a water bath at 37 ℃.
基金Supported by Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology (2019YFC0810704)Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province (2019B111102002)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (KCXFZ202002011007040)。
文摘Backgrounds This work emphasizes the current research status of the urban Digital Twins to establish an intelligent spatiotemporal framework.A Geospatial Artificial Intelligent(GeoAI)system is developed based on the Geographic Information System and Artificial Intelligence.It integrates multi-video technology and Virtual City in urban Digital Twins.Methods Besides,an improved small object detection model is proposed:YOLOv5-Pyramid,and Siamese network video tracking models,namely MPSiam and FSSiamese,are established.Finally,an experimental platform is built to verify the georeferencing correction scheme of video images.Result The MultiplyAccumulate value of MPSiam is 0.5B,and that of ResNet50-Siam is 4.5B.Besides,the model is compressed by 4.8times.The inference speed has increased by 3.3 times,reaching 83 Frames Per Second.3%of the Average Expectation Overlap is lost.Therefore,the urban Digital Twins-oriented GeoAI framework established here has excellent performance for video georeferencing and target detection problems.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21675012,21874010 and 21827810)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program of Beijing Association for Science and Technology。
文摘Selection of aptamers with high affinity and good specificity requires multiple rounds of alternating steps of separation and PCR amplification.Herein,we proposed a novel high-efficiency aptamers picking strategy:One-round pressure controllable selection(OPCS).OPCS integrates four types of screening superiority,high-efficiency separation,one-round selection and PCR amplification,synchronous negative selection and targets competition.The controllable screening pressure can be achieved through two approaches,balanced competition by the regulation of protein concentration,and dominant competition by introducing a predatory protein with high concentration.In OPCS process,two proteins were co-incubated with one ssDNA library,and each protein bound its favorable sequences specifically and formed protein-ss D NA complex re spectively.Meanwhile,one protein could supply/sufferthe picking pressure of affinity and specificity to/from another,which eliminated weakly bound or unbound sequences for each other.Two complexes could be separated and collected conveniently,and aptamers for two proteins obtained synchronously with high affinity and good specificity.This strategy not only provides a more effective way for aptamers selection,but shows great potential in other ligands or drugs selection.
基金Special scientific research project of the Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.2022FSYYZY13.
文摘Otogenic vertigo is a common disorder that affects the vestibular system,which often results in considerable discomfort and impaired daily functioning.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),including acupuncture and moxibustion,has been historically utilized to manage the symptoms of vertigo.However,the effectiveness and methodology of these treatments have rarely been investigated in the medical literature.This study reviews the existing literature on the point selection,method,and therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion to provide a reference for the TCM treatment of otogenic vertigo.A literature search was performed using the PubMed search engine.The terms used included otogenic vertigo,acupuncture treatment,and acupuncture point selection.A total of 34 relevant articles were retrieved from PubMed.These suggest that the clinical treatment of otogenic vertigo should consider the functions of zang-fu organs and meridians and select different acupuncture treatment methods according to syndrome differentiation based on the difference between deficiency and excess.Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy should be based on acupoint selection,considering the syndrome differentiation,supplemented with experience.The treatment of otogenic vertigo with acupuncture and moxibustion refers to the selection of appropriate acupuncture methods under the guidance of TCM theory and following the principles of syndrome,disease,and meridian differentiation.Common acupuncture methods include body acupuncture,auricular acupuncture,scalp acupuncture,acupoint injection,electroacupuncture,and moxibustion.There are many acupuncture and moxibustion acupoints selected for the treatment of otogenic vertigo.Individualized treatment according to the patient’s specific condition is effective and safe,which can help to improve the patient’s vertigo symptoms and cerebral blood perfusion.
文摘通过探讨灵芝多糖(Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides,GLP)对肝母细胞瘤HepG2、Huh6细胞模型及KM小鼠原位移植瘤模型的作用机制,以期为GLP的临床应用提供理论依据。采用CCK-8法检测细胞活力;BeyoClick^(TM)EdU-488实验检测细胞增殖能力;Hochest 33258染色检测细胞凋亡情况;Mrfp-GFP-LC3双荧光染色检测细胞自噬情况。采用HepG2细胞建立原位移植瘤动物模型,分别用生理盐水及100、200、300 mg·kg^(-1) GLP处理小鼠,分析取材后肿瘤数目和大小的变化;苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色观察肿瘤组织及主要脏器(心、肝、脾、肺、肾)组织病理情况;Western blot法检测细胞中肿瘤抑制蛋白53(tumor protein P53,P53)、B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)、Bcl-2关联X蛋白(Bcl-2-associated X protein,Bax)、裂解半胱氨酸蛋白酶蛋白-3(cleaved-caspase-3)、苄氯素-1(Beclin-1)、自噬相关蛋白-5(autophagy related protein-5,Atg-5)、微管相关蛋白轻链-3Ⅰ(microtubule-associated protein-light chain-3Ⅰ,LC3Ⅰ)/LC3Ⅱ、自噬衔接蛋白62(autophagy adapter protein 62,P62)、蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,Akt)、磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)、磷酸化mTOR(p-mTOR)的蛋白表达。体外实验结果显示,与对照组相比,GLP处理后肿瘤细胞活力显著降低,细胞凋亡比例呈剂量依赖性升高,且自噬流被抑制。在体内实验中,与模型组相比,GLP处理后小鼠的肿瘤数目和大小显著下降。Western blot结果显示,与对照组或模型组相比,GLP处理后P53、Bax、cleaved-caspase-3、Beclin-1、Atg-5、LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ水平显著升高,Bcl-2、P62、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR水平显著降低。这些结果表明GLP能够通过调控Akt/mTOR途径诱导肝母细胞瘤细胞凋亡与自噬。
文摘目的探究Cosmc或T-合酶基因敲除引起的异常O-糖基化修饰对结肠癌外泌体中微小RNA表达模式的影响,以揭示O-糖基化在结肠癌发展中的分子机制,并识别潜在的生物标志物,为结肠癌的早期诊断和治疗提供新策略。方法在人结肠癌细胞株HCT116中应用CRISPR/Cas-9基因编辑技术,分别靶向敲除Cosmc或T-合酶基因,以构建两种异常O-糖基化修饰的稳定转染细胞系。提取分离出肠癌细胞来源的外泌体,利用微小RNA(microRNAs,miRNAs)微阵列芯片,对比分析了其外泌体中miRNAs的表达差异。随后,在两组细胞来源的外泌体中筛选出表达量发生显著变化且变化趋势一致的miRNAs群体,采用传统荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术对这些miRNAs进行了独立验证。最后,通过癌症基因组图谱计划(The Cancer Genome Atlas Program,TCGA)数据库获取结直肠癌患者信息,利用R语言将表达上调的miRNA进行基因集富集分析(Gene Set Enrichment Analysis,GSEA),探索其显著相关的下游通路及表型。结果无论是Cosmc还是T-合酶基因缺失均会导致结肠癌细胞中O-糖基化修饰发生异常,Tn抗原暴露,进而使得结肠癌细胞来源的外泌体中hsa-miR-125b-1-3p表达量下调(P<0.05),而hsa-miR-218-5p表达量上调(P<0.05),且与肿瘤细胞上皮-间质转化过程密切相关(P<0.05)。结论由Cosmc或T-合酶基因缺失所介导的异常O-糖基化对结肠癌外泌体中相关miRNAs表达产生显著影响,进而可能影响结肠癌上皮-间质转化过程,从而促进肠癌远处转移。由此,基于肠癌外泌体的高稳定性及易检出性的天然优势,通过对其所携带miRNAs的表达量变化进行检测,可监测疾病进展和治疗效果,从而为结肠癌患者提供更为个性化的诊疗策略。
