A novel Fe-doping three-dimensional fiower-like Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3) microspheres with plasmonic Bi and rich surface oxygen vacancies(Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs)was prepared as catalysts,and further coupled with natural a...A novel Fe-doping three-dimensional fiower-like Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3) microspheres with plasmonic Bi and rich surface oxygen vacancies(Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs)was prepared as catalysts,and further coupled with natural air diffusion electrode(NADE)to construct the heterogeneous visible-light-driven photoelectro-Fenton(HEVL-PEF)process to enhance the degradation and mineralization of tetracycline(TC).Interfacial≡Fe sites,OVs and Bi metal were simultaneously constructed via Fe doping,which effectively improved visible light absorption and the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers to further accelerate the transformation of Fe(Ⅲ)to Fe(Ⅱ),achieving Fenton reaction recycling.HE-VL-PEF process could achieve enhanced treatment of pollutants,thanks to the synergistic effect of electro-Fenton(EF)and photo-Fenton(PF).NADE exhibited excellent H_(2)O_(2) electrosynthesis without external oxygen-pumping equipment.Under the irradiation of visible light,Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs could achieve more photoelectrons to accelerate the transformation of Fe(Ⅲ)to Fe(Ⅱ)or directly activate H2O2.DFT calculations also clearly demonstrated that except for the fast charge separation and transfer,Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs could achieve a faster electron transport between Fe-O,facilitating Fe site acquire more electron.Consequently,the Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs in HE-VL-PEF process presented performance superiorities including excellent pollutant removal(91.91%),low electric energy consumption of 66.34 k Wh/kg total organic carbon(TOC),excellent reusability and wide p H adaptability(3–9).展开更多
Sperm DNA damage is recognized as an important biomarker of male infertility. To investigate this, sperm DNA damage was assessed by the sperm chromatin dispersion （SCD） test in semen and motile spermatozoa harvested...Sperm DNA damage is recognized as an important biomarker of male infertility. To investigate this, sperm DNA damage was assessed by the sperm chromatin dispersion （SCD） test in semen and motile spermatozoa harvested by combined density gradient centrifugation （DGC） and swim-up in 161 couples undergoing in vitro fertilization （IVF）. Semen analysis and sperm DNA damage results were compared between couples who did or did not achieve pregnancy. The sperm DNA damage level was significantly different between the two groups （P 〈 0.05） and was negatively correlated with IVF outcomes. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that it was an independent predictor for achieving clinical pregnancy. The effects of different levels of sperm DNA damage on IVF outcomes were also compared. There were significant differences in day 3 embryo quality, blastocyst formation rate, and implantation and pregnancy rates （P 〈 0.05）, but not in the basic fertilization rate between the two groups. Thus, sperm DNA damage as measured by the SCD appears useful for predicting the clinical pregnancy rate following IVF.展开更多
At present,investigation about the relationship between the change of groundwater level and vegetation mostly focuses on specific watersheds,i.e.limited in river catchment scale.Understanding the change of groundwater...At present,investigation about the relationship between the change of groundwater level and vegetation mostly focuses on specific watersheds,i.e.limited in river catchment scale.Understanding the change of groundwater level on vegetation in the basin or large scale,be urgently needed.To fill this gap,two typical arid areas in the west of China(Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin)were chosen the a typical research area.The vegetation status was evaluated via normalization difference vegetation index(NDVI)from 2000 to 2016,sourced from MODN1F dataset.The data used to reflect climate change were download from CMDSC(http://data.cma.cn).Groundwater level data was collected from monitor wells.Then,the relationship of vegetation and climate change was established with univariate linear regression and correlation analysis approach.Results show that:Generally,NDVI value in the study area decreased before 2004 then increased in the research period.Severe degradation was observed in the center of the basin.The area with an NDVI value>0.5 decreased from 12%to 6%between 2000 and 2004.From 2004 to 2014,the vegetation in the study area was gradually restored.The whole coverage of Qaidam Basin was low.And the NDVI around East Taigener salt-lake degraded significantly,from 0.596 to 0.005,2014 and 2016,respectively.The fluctuation of groundwater level is the main reason for the change of surface vegetation coverage during the vegetation degradation in the basin.However,the average annual precipitation in the study area is low,which is not enough to have a significant impact on vegetation growth.The annual average precipitation showed an increase trend during the vegetation restoration in the basin,which alleviates the water shortage of vegetation growth in the region.Meanwhile,the dependence of surface vegetation on groundwater is obviously weakened with the correlation index is−0.248.The research results are of some significance to eco-environment protection in the arid area of western China.展开更多
Currently,the cancer immunotherapy has made great progress while antitumor vaccine attracts substantial attention.Still,the selection of adjuvants as well as antigens are always the most crucial issues for better vacc...Currently,the cancer immunotherapy has made great progress while antitumor vaccine attracts substantial attention.Still,the selection of adjuvants as well as antigens are always the most crucial issues for better vaccination.In this study,we proposed a biomimetic antitumor nanovaccine based on biocompatible nanocarriers and tumor cell membrane antigens.Briefly,endogenous calcium pyrophosphate nanogranules with possible immune potentiating effect are designed and engineered,both as delivery vehicles and adjuvants.Then,these nanocarriers are coated with lipids and B16-OVA tumor cell membranes,so the biomembrane proteins can serve as tumor-specific antigens.It was found that calcium pyrophosphate nanogranules themselves were compatible and possessed adjuvant effect,while membrane proteins including tumor associated antigen were transferred onto the nanocarriers.It was demonstrated that such a biomimetic nanovaccine could be well endocytosed by dendritic cells,promote their maturation and antigen-presentation,facilitate lymph retention,and trigger obvious immune response.It was confirmed that the biomimetic vaccine could induce strong T-cell response,exhibit excellent tumor therapy and prophylactic effects,and simultaneously possess nice biocompatibility.In general,the present investigation might provide insights for the further design and application of antitumor vaccines.展开更多
To identify the response of groundwater level variation to global climate change in Northwest China’s inland basins,the Golmud River Catchment was chosen as a case in this paper.Approaches of time series analysis and...To identify the response of groundwater level variation to global climate change in Northwest China’s inland basins,the Golmud River Catchment was chosen as a case in this paper.Approaches of time series analysis and correlation analysis were adopted to investigate the variation of groundwater level influenced by global climate change from 1977 to 2017.Results show that the temperature in the Golmud River Catchment rose 0.57℃ every 10 years.It is highly positive correlated with global climate temperature,with a correlation coefficient,0.87.The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation were both increased.Generally,groundwater levels increased from 1977 to 2017 in all phreatic and confined aquifers and the fluctuation became more violent.Most importantly,extreme precipitation led to the fact that groundwater level rises sharply,which induced city waterlogging.However,no direct evidence shows that normal precipitation triggered groundwater level rise,and the correlation coefficients between precipitation data from Golmud meteorological station located in the Gobi Desert and groundwater level data of five observation wells are 0.13,0.02,−0.11,0.04,and−0.03,respectively.This phenomenon could be explained as that the main recharge source of groundwater is river leakage in the alluvial-pluvial Gobi plain because of the high total head of river water and goodness hydraulic conductivity of the vadose zone.Data analysis shows that glacier melting aggravated because of local temperature increased.As a result,runoff caused groundwater levels to ascend from 1977 to 2017.Correlation coefficients of two groundwater wells observation data and runoff of Golmud River are 0.80 and 0.68.The research results will contribute to handling the negative effects of climate change on groundwater for Northwestern China.展开更多
Strong genetic incompatibilities exist between two primary rice subspecies,indica and japonica.However,the wild ancestors of rice,O.nivara Sharma et Shastry and O.rufipogon Griff.,are genetically compatible.How this g...Strong genetic incompatibilities exist between two primary rice subspecies,indica and japonica.However,the wild ancestors of rice,O.nivara Sharma et Shastry and O.rufipogon Griff.,are genetically compatible.How this genetic incompatibility became established has not been clearly elucidated.To provide insights into the process,we analyzed a pair of hybrid sterility genes in rice,DOPPELGANGER 1(DPL1)and DOPPELGANGER 2(DPL2).Either of the two loci can have one defective allele(DPL1-and DPL2-).Hybrid pollen carrying both DPL1-and DPL2-alleles is sterile.To explore the origination of DPL1-and DPL2-,we sequenced the DPL1 and DPL2 genes of 811 individual plants,including Oryza sativa(132),O.nivara(296)and O.rufipogon(383).We then obtained 20 DPL1 and 34 DPL2 sequences of O.sativa from online databases.Using these sequences,we analyzed the genetic and geographic distribution patterns of DPL genes in modern rice and its wild ancestors.Compared with the ancestral populations,DPL1-and DPL2-showed reduced diversity but increased frequency in modern rice.We speculated that the diversity reduction was due to a historic genetic bottleneck,and the frequency had likely increased because the defective alleles were preferred following this artificial selection.Such results indicated that standing variances in ancestral lines can lead to severe incompatibilities among descendants.Haplotype analysis indicated that the DPL1-haplotype of rice emerged from an O.nivara population in India,whereas the DPL2-haplotype emerged from O.rufipogon in South China.Hence,the evolutionary history of DPLs conforms to the presumed multiple domestication events of modern rice.展开更多
To mitigate the water pollution problem by photocatalytic degradation of typical antibiotics of tetracycline(TC),we prepared defective Bi_(2)Sn_(2)O_7(BSO)quantum dots(QDs)with a full spectral response due to Bi metal...To mitigate the water pollution problem by photocatalytic degradation of typical antibiotics of tetracycline(TC),we prepared defective Bi_(2)Sn_(2)O_7(BSO)quantum dots(QDs)with a full spectral response due to Bi metal deposition,using a one-pot hydrothermal method,labeled as Bi@BSO-OV.The optimized Bi@BSOOV showed 73.4% removal of TC in 1 h under irradiation with a 50 W LED lamp in the wavelength band in the visible-near-infrared(vis-NIR)light,a rate that is substantially greater than that of pure BSO(14.7%).The synergistic interaction of Bi metal and oxygen vacancies(OVs)is crucial to boosting photocatalytic performance.The near-infrared region of the photo-response is extended by the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)effect of Bi metal,enhancing the photocatalytic performance and dramatically raising the efficiency of solar energy utilization.In addition to inducing defect levels in BSO,the OVs also activate the surface adsorbed O_(2) to promote the production of·O_(2)^(-)and ^(1)O_(2).DFT calculations reveal that Bi metal and OVs can mutually tune the charge transfer pathways.On the one hand,Bi metal can act as both a charge transfer bridge and an electron donor to assist charge separation.On the other hand,OVs-induced defect levels allow electrons that leap to the conduction band(CB)to first leap from the valence band(VB)to the defect levels,notably improving interfacial charge separation and transfer.The concept of design executed in this study for altering the catalyst by introducing both OVs and Bi metal can provide a rational design idea and potential insight for improving the photocatalytic activity for environmental applications.展开更多
A large amount of sludge is inevitably produced during sewage treatment.Ultrasonication(US)as anaerobic digestion(AD)pretreatment was implemented on different sludges and its effects on batch and semi-continuous AD pe...A large amount of sludge is inevitably produced during sewage treatment.Ultrasonication(US)as anaerobic digestion(AD)pretreatment was implemented on different sludges and its effects on batch and semi-continuous AD performance were investigated.US was ef-fective in sludge SCOD increase,size decrease,and CH_(4)production in the subsequent AD,and these effects were enhanced with an elevated specific energy input.As indicated by semi-continuous AD experiments,the mean daily CH_(4)production of US-pretreated A^(2)O-,A^(2)O-MBR-,and AO-AO-sludgewere 176.9,119.8,and 141.7 NmL/g-VSadded,whichwere 35.1%,32.1%and 78.2%higher than methane production of their respective raw sludge.The US of A^(2)O-sludge achieved preferable US effects and CH_(4)production due to its high organic con-tent andweak sludge structure stability.In response to US-pretreated sludge,amore diverse microbial community was observed in AD.The US-AD system showed negative net energy;however,it exhibited other positive effects,e.g.,lower required sludge retention time and less residual total solids for disposal.US is a feasible option prior to AD to improve anaer-obic bioconversion and CH_(4)yield although further studies are necessary to advance it in practice.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2 D)heterostructural Ni2 P/rGO is successfully fabricated by in-situ phosphating selfassembled NiO/rGO composites and shows the enhanced electrochemical performances.In this design,the rGO sheets effec...Two-dimensional(2 D)heterostructural Ni2 P/rGO is successfully fabricated by in-situ phosphating selfassembled NiO/rGO composites and shows the enhanced electrochemical performances.In this design,the rGO sheets effectively reduce the lattice strain created during the phase transformation from NiO to Ni2 P,thereby maintaining ultrathin nanostructures of Ni2 P.The resulting Ni2 P/rGO layered heterostructure gives the composite plenty of pores or channels,good electrical conductivity and well-exposed active sites.Density functional theory(DFT)calculation further demonstrates that the Fermi energy level and electron localize of near Ni atoms in Ni2 P is higher than that of NiO,which endow Ni2 P with faster and more reversible redox reactivity in dynamic.Benefiting from their structural and compositional merits,the as-synthesized Ni2 P/rGO exhibits high specific discharge capacity and excellent rate performance.Furthermore,a hybrid supercapacitor built with Ni2 P/rGO and activated carbon shows a high specific energy of 38.6 Wh/kg at specific power of 375 W/kg.展开更多
Biomass-derived heteroatom self-doped cathode catalysts has attracted considerable interest for electrochemical advanced oxidation processes(EAOPs)due to its high performance and sustainable synthesis.Herein,we illust...Biomass-derived heteroatom self-doped cathode catalysts has attracted considerable interest for electrochemical advanced oxidation processes(EAOPs)due to its high performance and sustainable synthesis.Herein,we illustrated the morphological fates of waste leaf-derived graphitic carbon(WLGC)produced from waste ginkgo leaves via pyrolysis temperature regulation and used as bifunctional cathode catalyst for simultaneous H_(2)O_(2) electrochemical generation and organic pollutant degradation,discovering S/N-self-doping shown to facilitate a synergistic effect on reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation.Under the optimum temperature of 800℃,the WLGC exhibited a H_(2)O_(2) selectivity of 94.2%and tetracycline removal of 99.3%within 60 min.Density functional theory calculations and in-situ Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy verified that graphitic N was the critical site for H_(2)O_(2) generation.While pyridinic N and thiophene S were the main active sites responsible for OH generation,N vacancies were the active sites to produce ^(1)O_(2) from O_(2).The performance of the novel cathode for tetracycline degradation remains well under a wide pH range(3–11),maintaining excellent stability in 10 cycles.It is also industrially applicable,achieving satisfactory performance treating in real water matrices.This system facilitates both radical and non-radical degradation,offering valuable advances in the preparation of cost-effective and sustainable electrocatalysts and hold strong potentials in metal-free EAOPs for organic pollutant degradation.展开更多
Background: There is increasing evidence showing the health benefits of various forms of traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) on the glycemic profile in people with type 2 diabetes. However, relatively little is known...Background: There is increasing evidence showing the health benefits of various forms of traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) on the glycemic profile in people with type 2 diabetes. However, relatively little is known about the combined clinical effectiveness of these traditional exercises. This study was designed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the overall effect of 3 common TCEs (Tai Ji Quan, Qigong, Ba Duan Jin) on glycemie control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We conducted an extensive database search in Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure on randomized controlled trials published between April 1967 and September 2017 that compared any of the 3 TCEs with a control or comparison group on glycemic control. Data extraction was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Study quality was evaluated using the Coehrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, which assessed the risk of bias, including sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding, completeness of outcome data, and selective outcome reporting. The resulting quality of the reviewed studies was characterized in 3 grades representing the level of bias: low, unclear, and high. All analyses were performed using random effects models and heterogeneity was quantified. We a priori specified changes in biomarkers of hemoglobin A1 c (in percentage) and fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) as the main outcomes and triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, 2-h plasma glucose, and fasting plasma glucose as secondary outcomes.Results: A total of 39 randomized, controlled trials (Tai Ji Quan = 11; Qigong= 6; Ba Duan Jin= 22) with 2917 type 2 diabetic patients (aged 41-80 years) were identified. Compared with a control or comparison group, pooled meta-analyses of TCEs showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin Alc (mean difference (MD)= -0.67%; 95% confidence interval (CI):-0.86% to-0.48%; p 〈 0.00001) and fasting blood glucose (MD = -0.66 mmol/L; 95%CI: -0.95 to -0.37 mmol/L; p 〈 0.0001). The observed effect was more pronounced for interventions that were medium range in duration (i.e., 〉3-〈 12 months). TCE interventions also showed improvements in the secondary outcome measures. A high risk of bias was observed in the areas of blinding (i.e., study participants and personnel, and outcome assessment). Conclusion: Among patients with type 2 diabetes, TCEs were associated with significantly lower hemoglobin Alc and fasting blood glucose. Further studies to better understand the dose and duration of exposure to TCEs are warranted.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).展开更多
为更加快速准确地从微震时序数据中提取微震事件,提高异常事件的捕捉效率,提出一种基于多尺度融合卷积和空洞卷积的自动编码器(multi-scale fusion convolution and dilated convolutions auto encoder,MDCAE)与融合波动率和限制窗口的...为更加快速准确地从微震时序数据中提取微震事件,提高异常事件的捕捉效率,提出一种基于多尺度融合卷积和空洞卷积的自动编码器(multi-scale fusion convolution and dilated convolutions auto encoder,MDCAE)与融合波动率和限制窗口的动态时间扭曲(constraints dynamic time warping for fusing volatility,CDTW-Vol)方法。提出MDCAE的特征提取方法,将波形信号转变为低维特征信号,引入微震波形的波动率的概念,通过改进后的DTW算法对特征信号进行相似性度量,得到的相似性矩阵进行k-medoids聚类,得到聚类结果。应用某矿区501工作面和802工作面微震监测数据集进行实验,验证所提方法的准确性和泛化性,经实验得出所提聚类方法轮廓系数89%,兰德系数90%,相比普通的k-medoids聚类算法聚类精度上升57%,为捕捉微震系统的异常事件提供了一种新方法。展开更多
基金financially supported by Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.21JCZDJC00320)National Key R&D Program International Cooperation Project(No.2021YFE0106500)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52170085)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesNankai UniversityNational Research Foundation IRGChina/South Africa Research Cooperation Programme(No.132793)。
文摘A novel Fe-doping three-dimensional fiower-like Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3) microspheres with plasmonic Bi and rich surface oxygen vacancies(Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs)was prepared as catalysts,and further coupled with natural air diffusion electrode(NADE)to construct the heterogeneous visible-light-driven photoelectro-Fenton(HEVL-PEF)process to enhance the degradation and mineralization of tetracycline(TC).Interfacial≡Fe sites,OVs and Bi metal were simultaneously constructed via Fe doping,which effectively improved visible light absorption and the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers to further accelerate the transformation of Fe(Ⅲ)to Fe(Ⅱ),achieving Fenton reaction recycling.HE-VL-PEF process could achieve enhanced treatment of pollutants,thanks to the synergistic effect of electro-Fenton(EF)and photo-Fenton(PF).NADE exhibited excellent H_(2)O_(2) electrosynthesis without external oxygen-pumping equipment.Under the irradiation of visible light,Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs could achieve more photoelectrons to accelerate the transformation of Fe(Ⅲ)to Fe(Ⅱ)or directly activate H2O2.DFT calculations also clearly demonstrated that except for the fast charge separation and transfer,Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs could achieve a faster electron transport between Fe-O,facilitating Fe site acquire more electron.Consequently,the Fe-Bi/Bi_(7)O_(9)I_(3)/OVs in HE-VL-PEF process presented performance superiorities including excellent pollutant removal(91.91%),low electric energy consumption of 66.34 k Wh/kg total organic carbon(TOC),excellent reusability and wide p H adaptability(3–9).
文摘Sperm DNA damage is recognized as an important biomarker of male infertility. To investigate this, sperm DNA damage was assessed by the sperm chromatin dispersion （SCD） test in semen and motile spermatozoa harvested by combined density gradient centrifugation （DGC） and swim-up in 161 couples undergoing in vitro fertilization （IVF）. Semen analysis and sperm DNA damage results were compared between couples who did or did not achieve pregnancy. The sperm DNA damage level was significantly different between the two groups （P 〈 0.05） and was negatively correlated with IVF outcomes. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that it was an independent predictor for achieving clinical pregnancy. The effects of different levels of sperm DNA damage on IVF outcomes were also compared. There were significant differences in day 3 embryo quality, blastocyst formation rate, and implantation and pregnancy rates （P 〈 0.05）, but not in the basic fertilization rate between the two groups. Thus, sperm DNA damage as measured by the SCD appears useful for predicting the clinical pregnancy rate following IVF.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41672250,42177076)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2019JLZ-03)the Key R&D Projects of Shaanxi Province(2021ZDLSF05-09).
文摘At present,investigation about the relationship between the change of groundwater level and vegetation mostly focuses on specific watersheds,i.e.limited in river catchment scale.Understanding the change of groundwater level on vegetation in the basin or large scale,be urgently needed.To fill this gap,two typical arid areas in the west of China(Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin)were chosen the a typical research area.The vegetation status was evaluated via normalization difference vegetation index(NDVI)from 2000 to 2016,sourced from MODN1F dataset.The data used to reflect climate change were download from CMDSC(http://data.cma.cn).Groundwater level data was collected from monitor wells.Then,the relationship of vegetation and climate change was established with univariate linear regression and correlation analysis approach.Results show that:Generally,NDVI value in the study area decreased before 2004 then increased in the research period.Severe degradation was observed in the center of the basin.The area with an NDVI value>0.5 decreased from 12%to 6%between 2000 and 2004.From 2004 to 2014,the vegetation in the study area was gradually restored.The whole coverage of Qaidam Basin was low.And the NDVI around East Taigener salt-lake degraded significantly,from 0.596 to 0.005,2014 and 2016,respectively.The fluctuation of groundwater level is the main reason for the change of surface vegetation coverage during the vegetation degradation in the basin.However,the average annual precipitation in the study area is low,which is not enough to have a significant impact on vegetation growth.The annual average precipitation showed an increase trend during the vegetation restoration in the basin,which alleviates the water shortage of vegetation growth in the region.Meanwhile,the dependence of surface vegetation on groundwater is obviously weakened with the correlation index is−0.248.The research results are of some significance to eco-environment protection in the arid area of western China.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0205600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81690264,81821004).
文摘Currently,the cancer immunotherapy has made great progress while antitumor vaccine attracts substantial attention.Still,the selection of adjuvants as well as antigens are always the most crucial issues for better vaccination.In this study,we proposed a biomimetic antitumor nanovaccine based on biocompatible nanocarriers and tumor cell membrane antigens.Briefly,endogenous calcium pyrophosphate nanogranules with possible immune potentiating effect are designed and engineered,both as delivery vehicles and adjuvants.Then,these nanocarriers are coated with lipids and B16-OVA tumor cell membranes,so the biomembrane proteins can serve as tumor-specific antigens.It was found that calcium pyrophosphate nanogranules themselves were compatible and possessed adjuvant effect,while membrane proteins including tumor associated antigen were transferred onto the nanocarriers.It was demonstrated that such a biomimetic nanovaccine could be well endocytosed by dendritic cells,promote their maturation and antigen-presentation,facilitate lymph retention,and trigger obvious immune response.It was confirmed that the biomimetic vaccine could induce strong T-cell response,exhibit excellent tumor therapy and prophylactic effects,and simultaneously possess nice biocompatibility.In general,the present investigation might provide insights for the further design and application of antitumor vaccines.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41672250,42177076)the Key R&D Projects of Shaanxi Province(2021ZDLSF05-09)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2019JLZ-03).
文摘To identify the response of groundwater level variation to global climate change in Northwest China’s inland basins,the Golmud River Catchment was chosen as a case in this paper.Approaches of time series analysis and correlation analysis were adopted to investigate the variation of groundwater level influenced by global climate change from 1977 to 2017.Results show that the temperature in the Golmud River Catchment rose 0.57℃ every 10 years.It is highly positive correlated with global climate temperature,with a correlation coefficient,0.87.The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation were both increased.Generally,groundwater levels increased from 1977 to 2017 in all phreatic and confined aquifers and the fluctuation became more violent.Most importantly,extreme precipitation led to the fact that groundwater level rises sharply,which induced city waterlogging.However,no direct evidence shows that normal precipitation triggered groundwater level rise,and the correlation coefficients between precipitation data from Golmud meteorological station located in the Gobi Desert and groundwater level data of five observation wells are 0.13,0.02,−0.11,0.04,and−0.03,respectively.This phenomenon could be explained as that the main recharge source of groundwater is river leakage in the alluvial-pluvial Gobi plain because of the high total head of river water and goodness hydraulic conductivity of the vadose zone.Data analysis shows that glacier melting aggravated because of local temperature increased.As a result,runoff caused groundwater levels to ascend from 1977 to 2017.Correlation coefficients of two groundwater wells observation data and runoff of Golmud River are 0.80 and 0.68.The research results will contribute to handling the negative effects of climate change on groundwater for Northwestern China.
基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDA08020103 and XDB31000000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31470332,91731301 and 91231201)。
文摘Strong genetic incompatibilities exist between two primary rice subspecies,indica and japonica.However,the wild ancestors of rice,O.nivara Sharma et Shastry and O.rufipogon Griff.,are genetically compatible.How this genetic incompatibility became established has not been clearly elucidated.To provide insights into the process,we analyzed a pair of hybrid sterility genes in rice,DOPPELGANGER 1(DPL1)and DOPPELGANGER 2(DPL2).Either of the two loci can have one defective allele(DPL1-and DPL2-).Hybrid pollen carrying both DPL1-and DPL2-alleles is sterile.To explore the origination of DPL1-and DPL2-,we sequenced the DPL1 and DPL2 genes of 811 individual plants,including Oryza sativa(132),O.nivara(296)and O.rufipogon(383).We then obtained 20 DPL1 and 34 DPL2 sequences of O.sativa from online databases.Using these sequences,we analyzed the genetic and geographic distribution patterns of DPL genes in modern rice and its wild ancestors.Compared with the ancestral populations,DPL1-and DPL2-showed reduced diversity but increased frequency in modern rice.We speculated that the diversity reduction was due to a historic genetic bottleneck,and the frequency had likely increased because the defective alleles were preferred following this artificial selection.Such results indicated that standing variances in ancestral lines can lead to severe incompatibilities among descendants.Haplotype analysis indicated that the DPL1-haplotype of rice emerged from an O.nivara population in India,whereas the DPL2-haplotype emerged from O.rufipogon in South China.Hence,the evolutionary history of DPLs conforms to the presumed multiple domestication events of modern rice.
基金financially supported by the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.21JCZDJC00320)National Key R&D Program International Cooperation Project(No.2021YFE0106500)+1 种基金Tianjin Development Program for Innovation and EntrepreneurshipFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nankai University。
文摘To mitigate the water pollution problem by photocatalytic degradation of typical antibiotics of tetracycline(TC),we prepared defective Bi_(2)Sn_(2)O_7(BSO)quantum dots(QDs)with a full spectral response due to Bi metal deposition,using a one-pot hydrothermal method,labeled as Bi@BSO-OV.The optimized Bi@BSOOV showed 73.4% removal of TC in 1 h under irradiation with a 50 W LED lamp in the wavelength band in the visible-near-infrared(vis-NIR)light,a rate that is substantially greater than that of pure BSO(14.7%).The synergistic interaction of Bi metal and oxygen vacancies(OVs)is crucial to boosting photocatalytic performance.The near-infrared region of the photo-response is extended by the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)effect of Bi metal,enhancing the photocatalytic performance and dramatically raising the efficiency of solar energy utilization.In addition to inducing defect levels in BSO,the OVs also activate the surface adsorbed O_(2) to promote the production of·O_(2)^(-)and ^(1)O_(2).DFT calculations reveal that Bi metal and OVs can mutually tune the charge transfer pathways.On the one hand,Bi metal can act as both a charge transfer bridge and an electron donor to assist charge separation.On the other hand,OVs-induced defect levels allow electrons that leap to the conduction band(CB)to first leap from the valence band(VB)to the defect levels,notably improving interfacial charge separation and transfer.The concept of design executed in this study for altering the catalyst by introducing both OVs and Bi metal can provide a rational design idea and potential insight for improving the photocatalytic activity for environmental applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52192683,51925807,and 52221004)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.52125003)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(No.ZDBS-LY-DQC014).
文摘A large amount of sludge is inevitably produced during sewage treatment.Ultrasonication(US)as anaerobic digestion(AD)pretreatment was implemented on different sludges and its effects on batch and semi-continuous AD performance were investigated.US was ef-fective in sludge SCOD increase,size decrease,and CH_(4)production in the subsequent AD,and these effects were enhanced with an elevated specific energy input.As indicated by semi-continuous AD experiments,the mean daily CH_(4)production of US-pretreated A^(2)O-,A^(2)O-MBR-,and AO-AO-sludgewere 176.9,119.8,and 141.7 NmL/g-VSadded,whichwere 35.1%,32.1%and 78.2%higher than methane production of their respective raw sludge.The US of A^(2)O-sludge achieved preferable US effects and CH_(4)production due to its high organic con-tent andweak sludge structure stability.In response to US-pretreated sludge,amore diverse microbial community was observed in AD.The US-AD system showed negative net energy;however,it exhibited other positive effects,e.g.,lower required sludge retention time and less residual total solids for disposal.US is a feasible option prior to AD to improve anaer-obic bioconversion and CH_(4)yield although further studies are necessary to advance it in practice.
基金supported by the DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(No.DNL201915)National Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars of China(No.21922815)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21975275)Key Research and Development(R&D)Projects of Shanxi Province(No.201903D121007)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2 D)heterostructural Ni2 P/rGO is successfully fabricated by in-situ phosphating selfassembled NiO/rGO composites and shows the enhanced electrochemical performances.In this design,the rGO sheets effectively reduce the lattice strain created during the phase transformation from NiO to Ni2 P,thereby maintaining ultrathin nanostructures of Ni2 P.The resulting Ni2 P/rGO layered heterostructure gives the composite plenty of pores or channels,good electrical conductivity and well-exposed active sites.Density functional theory(DFT)calculation further demonstrates that the Fermi energy level and electron localize of near Ni atoms in Ni2 P is higher than that of NiO,which endow Ni2 P with faster and more reversible redox reactivity in dynamic.Benefiting from their structural and compositional merits,the as-synthesized Ni2 P/rGO exhibits high specific discharge capacity and excellent rate performance.Furthermore,a hybrid supercapacitor built with Ni2 P/rGO and activated carbon shows a high specific energy of 38.6 Wh/kg at specific power of 375 W/kg.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program International Cooperation Project(2023YFE0108100)Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52170085)+2 种基金Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.21JCZDJC00320)Tianjin Post-graduate Students Research and Innovation Project(2021YJSB013)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nankai University.
文摘Biomass-derived heteroatom self-doped cathode catalysts has attracted considerable interest for electrochemical advanced oxidation processes(EAOPs)due to its high performance and sustainable synthesis.Herein,we illustrated the morphological fates of waste leaf-derived graphitic carbon(WLGC)produced from waste ginkgo leaves via pyrolysis temperature regulation and used as bifunctional cathode catalyst for simultaneous H_(2)O_(2) electrochemical generation and organic pollutant degradation,discovering S/N-self-doping shown to facilitate a synergistic effect on reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation.Under the optimum temperature of 800℃,the WLGC exhibited a H_(2)O_(2) selectivity of 94.2%and tetracycline removal of 99.3%within 60 min.Density functional theory calculations and in-situ Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy verified that graphitic N was the critical site for H_(2)O_(2) generation.While pyridinic N and thiophene S were the main active sites responsible for OH generation,N vacancies were the active sites to produce ^(1)O_(2) from O_(2).The performance of the novel cathode for tetracycline degradation remains well under a wide pH range(3–11),maintaining excellent stability in 10 cycles.It is also industrially applicable,achieving satisfactory performance treating in real water matrices.This system facilitates both radical and non-radical degradation,offering valuable advances in the preparation of cost-effective and sustainable electrocatalysts and hold strong potentials in metal-free EAOPs for organic pollutant degradation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81501956)Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation of China(No.161092)Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance(Shanghai University of Sport,No.11DZ2261100)
文摘Background: There is increasing evidence showing the health benefits of various forms of traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) on the glycemic profile in people with type 2 diabetes. However, relatively little is known about the combined clinical effectiveness of these traditional exercises. This study was designed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the overall effect of 3 common TCEs (Tai Ji Quan, Qigong, Ba Duan Jin) on glycemie control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We conducted an extensive database search in Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure on randomized controlled trials published between April 1967 and September 2017 that compared any of the 3 TCEs with a control or comparison group on glycemic control. Data extraction was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Study quality was evaluated using the Coehrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, which assessed the risk of bias, including sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding, completeness of outcome data, and selective outcome reporting. The resulting quality of the reviewed studies was characterized in 3 grades representing the level of bias: low, unclear, and high. All analyses were performed using random effects models and heterogeneity was quantified. We a priori specified changes in biomarkers of hemoglobin A1 c (in percentage) and fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) as the main outcomes and triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, 2-h plasma glucose, and fasting plasma glucose as secondary outcomes.Results: A total of 39 randomized, controlled trials (Tai Ji Quan = 11; Qigong= 6; Ba Duan Jin= 22) with 2917 type 2 diabetic patients (aged 41-80 years) were identified. Compared with a control or comparison group, pooled meta-analyses of TCEs showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin Alc (mean difference (MD)= -0.67%; 95% confidence interval (CI):-0.86% to-0.48%; p 〈 0.00001) and fasting blood glucose (MD = -0.66 mmol/L; 95%CI: -0.95 to -0.37 mmol/L; p 〈 0.0001). The observed effect was more pronounced for interventions that were medium range in duration (i.e., 〉3-〈 12 months). TCE interventions also showed improvements in the secondary outcome measures. A high risk of bias was observed in the areas of blinding (i.e., study participants and personnel, and outcome assessment). Conclusion: Among patients with type 2 diabetes, TCEs were associated with significantly lower hemoglobin Alc and fasting blood glucose. Further studies to better understand the dose and duration of exposure to TCEs are warranted.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
文摘为更加快速准确地从微震时序数据中提取微震事件,提高异常事件的捕捉效率,提出一种基于多尺度融合卷积和空洞卷积的自动编码器(multi-scale fusion convolution and dilated convolutions auto encoder,MDCAE)与融合波动率和限制窗口的动态时间扭曲(constraints dynamic time warping for fusing volatility,CDTW-Vol)方法。提出MDCAE的特征提取方法,将波形信号转变为低维特征信号,引入微震波形的波动率的概念,通过改进后的DTW算法对特征信号进行相似性度量,得到的相似性矩阵进行k-medoids聚类,得到聚类结果。应用某矿区501工作面和802工作面微震监测数据集进行实验,验证所提方法的准确性和泛化性,经实验得出所提聚类方法轮廓系数89%,兰德系数90%,相比普通的k-medoids聚类算法聚类精度上升57%,为捕捉微震系统的异常事件提供了一种新方法。
