Herbivorous insects and pathogens cause severe damage to rice tissues,affecting yield and grain quality.Damaged cells trigger downstream defense responses through various signals.Extracellular ATP(eATP),a signaling mo...Herbivorous insects and pathogens cause severe damage to rice tissues,affecting yield and grain quality.Damaged cells trigger downstream defense responses through various signals.Extracellular ATP(eATP),a signaling molecule released during mechanical cell damage,is considered a constitutive damage-associated molecular pattern(DAMP),which is crucial for initiating plant defense responses.Thus,understanding how rice plants cope with DAMPs such as eATP is essential.Here,we found that exogenous ATP affected rice growth and development,cell wall composition,chloroplast development,and cell death.Subsequent global transcriptome analysis revealed that several pathways were involved in the eATP response,including genes related to cell surface receptors,cell wall organization,chlorophyll biosynthesis,heat and temperature stimulation,epigenetic regulation,and reactive oxygen species metabolism.Cell surface receptors,including members of the lectin receptor-like kinases(LecRKs),were found to participate in the eATP response.We further investigated ATP-induced genes in T-DNA activation mutants of OsLecRKs,demonstrating their involvement in eATP signaling in rice.This study confirms a DAMP-mediated transcriptional response in plants and provides novel candidates for advancing resistant rice breeding against insect herbivores and pathogens.展开更多
Human adiponectin receptors(AdipoRs)and membrane progestin receptors(mPRs,members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor[PAQR]family)are seven-transmembrane receptors involved in the regulation of metabolism and cancer ...Human adiponectin receptors(AdipoRs)and membrane progestin receptors(mPRs,members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor[PAQR]family)are seven-transmembrane receptors involved in the regulation of metabolism and cancer development,which share structural similarities with G protein-coupled receptors.Plant PAQR-like sensors(PLSs)are homologous to human PAQRs but their molecular functions remain unclear.In this study,we found that PLSs associate with cell surface receptor-like kinases through KIN7 and positively regulate plant immune responses,stomatal defense,and disease resistance.Moreover,PLSs activate heterotrimeric G proteins(Gαβγ)to transduce immune signals and regulate the exchange of GDP for GTP on GPA1.Further analyses revealed that the immune function of PLSs is conserved in rice and soybean and contributes to resistance against multiple diseases.Notably,heterologous expression of human AdipoRs in Arabidopsis replicates the immune functions of PLSs.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that PLSs are key modulators of plant immunity via the G-protein pathway and highlight the potential application of human genes in enhancing plant disease resistance.展开更多
An important question in biology is how organisms can associate with different microbes that pose no threat (commensals), pose a severe threat (pathogens) and those that are beneficial (symbionts). The root nodule sym...An important question in biology is how organisms can associate with different microbes that pose no threat (commensals), pose a severe threat (pathogens) and those that are beneficial (symbionts). The root nodule symbiosis serves as important model system to address such questions in the context of plant-microbe interactions. It is now generally accepted that rhizobia have the abilities to actively suppress host immune responses during the infection process, analogous to the way in which plant pathogens can evade immune recognition. However, much remains to be elucidated with regard to the mechanisms by which the host recognizes the rhizobia as pathogens and how, subsequently, these pathways are suppressed to allow establishment of the nitrogen fixing symbiosis. In this study, we found that SymRK (Symbiosis Receptor-like Kinase) is required for rhizobial suppression of plant innate immunity in Lotus japonicus. SymRK associates with LjBAK1 (BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-Associated receptor Kinase 1), a well characterized, positive regulator of plant innate immunity, and directly inhibits LjBAK1 kinase activity. Rhizobial inoculation enhances the association between SymRK and LjBAK1 in planta. LjBAK1 is required to regulate plant innate immunity and plays a negative role in mediating rhizobial infection in L. japonicus. The data indicate that the protein complex of SymRK-LjBAK1 serves as an intersection point between rhizobial symbiotic signaling pathways and innate immunity pathways, which provides an evidence that rhizobia might actively suppress the host's ability to mount a defense response in the legume-rhizobium symbiosis.展开更多
基金supported by the Brain Pool Program funded by the Ministry of Science and Information and Communication Technology through the National Research Foundation of Korea(Grant Nos.2022H1D3A2A01096185 and RS-2024-00410063)the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(Grant No.RS-2023-00247376)+4 种基金the Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development,Korea(Grant No.RS-2022-RD010386)US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program(Grant No.IOS-2048410)the US National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health(Grant No.R01GM121445)US Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture(Grant No.USDA-AFRI-2023-67013-39896)the National Science Foundation(Grant No.IOS-PGRP-2348319).
文摘Herbivorous insects and pathogens cause severe damage to rice tissues,affecting yield and grain quality.Damaged cells trigger downstream defense responses through various signals.Extracellular ATP(eATP),a signaling molecule released during mechanical cell damage,is considered a constitutive damage-associated molecular pattern(DAMP),which is crucial for initiating plant defense responses.Thus,understanding how rice plants cope with DAMPs such as eATP is essential.Here,we found that exogenous ATP affected rice growth and development,cell wall composition,chloroplast development,and cell death.Subsequent global transcriptome analysis revealed that several pathways were involved in the eATP response,including genes related to cell surface receptors,cell wall organization,chlorophyll biosynthesis,heat and temperature stimulation,epigenetic regulation,and reactive oxygen species metabolism.Cell surface receptors,including members of the lectin receptor-like kinases(LecRKs),were found to participate in the eATP response.We further investigated ATP-induced genes in T-DNA activation mutants of OsLecRKs,demonstrating their involvement in eATP signaling in rice.This study confirms a DAMP-mediated transcriptional response in plants and provides novel candidates for advancing resistant rice breeding against insect herbivores and pathogens.
基金supported by grants from the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04070)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070285 and 32270251)+2 种基金the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund of China Agricultural University(no.2023RC011 to D.C.)the Pinduoduo-China Agricultural University Research Fund(grant no.PC2023A01005)funded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health(grant no.R01GM121445).
文摘Human adiponectin receptors(AdipoRs)and membrane progestin receptors(mPRs,members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor[PAQR]family)are seven-transmembrane receptors involved in the regulation of metabolism and cancer development,which share structural similarities with G protein-coupled receptors.Plant PAQR-like sensors(PLSs)are homologous to human PAQRs but their molecular functions remain unclear.In this study,we found that PLSs associate with cell surface receptor-like kinases through KIN7 and positively regulate plant immune responses,stomatal defense,and disease resistance.Moreover,PLSs activate heterotrimeric G proteins(Gαβγ)to transduce immune signals and regulate the exchange of GDP for GTP on GPA1.Further analyses revealed that the immune function of PLSs is conserved in rice and soybean and contributes to resistance against multiple diseases.Notably,heterologous expression of human AdipoRs in Arabidopsis replicates the immune functions of PLSs.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that PLSs are key modulators of plant immunity via the G-protein pathway and highlight the potential application of human genes in enhancing plant disease resistance.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0904700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870217,32070273,and 32090063)+2 种基金the HZAU Scientific&Technological Self-Innovation Foundation(2662019PY026)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2020CFA008 and 2020CFB289)Work performed in the Stacey laboratory was funded by a grant from the US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program(1734145).
文摘An important question in biology is how organisms can associate with different microbes that pose no threat (commensals), pose a severe threat (pathogens) and those that are beneficial (symbionts). The root nodule symbiosis serves as important model system to address such questions in the context of plant-microbe interactions. It is now generally accepted that rhizobia have the abilities to actively suppress host immune responses during the infection process, analogous to the way in which plant pathogens can evade immune recognition. However, much remains to be elucidated with regard to the mechanisms by which the host recognizes the rhizobia as pathogens and how, subsequently, these pathways are suppressed to allow establishment of the nitrogen fixing symbiosis. In this study, we found that SymRK (Symbiosis Receptor-like Kinase) is required for rhizobial suppression of plant innate immunity in Lotus japonicus. SymRK associates with LjBAK1 (BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-Associated receptor Kinase 1), a well characterized, positive regulator of plant innate immunity, and directly inhibits LjBAK1 kinase activity. Rhizobial inoculation enhances the association between SymRK and LjBAK1 in planta. LjBAK1 is required to regulate plant innate immunity and plays a negative role in mediating rhizobial infection in L. japonicus. The data indicate that the protein complex of SymRK-LjBAK1 serves as an intersection point between rhizobial symbiotic signaling pathways and innate immunity pathways, which provides an evidence that rhizobia might actively suppress the host's ability to mount a defense response in the legume-rhizobium symbiosis.
