The progress of zinc(Zn)metal batteries(ZMBs)is greatly limited by poor cycling stability because of the mutual restrictions of dendrite growth,corrosion reactions,and passivation.In this work,an ultralong lifespan(~7...The progress of zinc(Zn)metal batteries(ZMBs)is greatly limited by poor cycling stability because of the mutual restrictions of dendrite growth,corrosion reactions,and passivation.In this work,an ultralong lifespan(~7800 h),dendrite-free Zn metal anode is enabled via fabricating a functional hydrogel electrolyte out of polyacrylamide/graphene oxide(GO)/agarose(PGA)with a multifully cross-linked network.The synergetic integration of GO nanosheets and double-network structure endows the PGA hydrogel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent mechanical performance.More importantly,the abundant hydrophilic groups and stable three-dimensional cross-linked network of PGA electrolyte effectively constrain Zn^(2+)diffusion laterally along the Zn surface,which simultaneously prohibits waterinduced corrosion and thus significantly enhances Zn anode reversibility.Both theoretical simulations and experiments reveal that the PGA electrolyte is capable of optimizing de-solvation kinetics and harmonizing Zn^(2+)flux at the electrolyte-electrode interface,ensuring uniform Zn^(2+)deposition.Consequently,an ultra-long lifespan of 7800 h is achieved in the symmetric cell with the PGA electrolyte.Even at a high Zn utilization of 42.7%,it still delivers stable cycling over 1100 h.This work provides a practical and beneficial approach to dramatically extending the lifespan of the Zn anode and thus achieving high-performance ZMBs.展开更多
Lithium batteries (LBs) have become increasingly important energy storage systems in our daily life. However, their practical applications are still severely plagued by the safety issues from liquid electrolyte, espec...Lithium batteries (LBs) have become increasingly important energy storage systems in our daily life. However, their practical applications are still severely plagued by the safety issues from liquid electrolyte, especially when the batteries are exposed to mechanical, thermal, or electrical abuse conditions. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are being considered as an effective solution to replace currently available organic liquid electrolyte for building safer LBs. This review provides recent advancements in GPEs applied for high-performance LBs. On the one hand, from the environmental and economic point of view, the skeletons of GPEs changed from traditional polymer to renewable and degradable polymer. On the other hand, in addition to being as a component with good electrochemical and physical characterizations, the GPEs also need to provide some functions for addressing the concerns of lithium (Li) dendrites, unstable cathode electrolyte interface, dissolution and migration of transition metal ions,"shuttle effect" of polysulfides, and so on. Finally, to synchronously meet the challenges from the advanced cathode and Li metal anode, the bio-based GPEs with multi-functionality are proposed to develop high-energy/powerdensity batteries in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFC1910200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51873011 and U1664251).
文摘The progress of zinc(Zn)metal batteries(ZMBs)is greatly limited by poor cycling stability because of the mutual restrictions of dendrite growth,corrosion reactions,and passivation.In this work,an ultralong lifespan(~7800 h),dendrite-free Zn metal anode is enabled via fabricating a functional hydrogel electrolyte out of polyacrylamide/graphene oxide(GO)/agarose(PGA)with a multifully cross-linked network.The synergetic integration of GO nanosheets and double-network structure endows the PGA hydrogel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent mechanical performance.More importantly,the abundant hydrophilic groups and stable three-dimensional cross-linked network of PGA electrolyte effectively constrain Zn^(2+)diffusion laterally along the Zn surface,which simultaneously prohibits waterinduced corrosion and thus significantly enhances Zn anode reversibility.Both theoretical simulations and experiments reveal that the PGA electrolyte is capable of optimizing de-solvation kinetics and harmonizing Zn^(2+)flux at the electrolyte-electrode interface,ensuring uniform Zn^(2+)deposition.Consequently,an ultra-long lifespan of 7800 h is achieved in the symmetric cell with the PGA electrolyte.Even at a high Zn utilization of 42.7%,it still delivers stable cycling over 1100 h.This work provides a practical and beneficial approach to dramatically extending the lifespan of the Zn anode and thus achieving high-performance ZMBs.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51873011 and U1664251)the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities (No. JC1504)
文摘Lithium batteries (LBs) have become increasingly important energy storage systems in our daily life. However, their practical applications are still severely plagued by the safety issues from liquid electrolyte, especially when the batteries are exposed to mechanical, thermal, or electrical abuse conditions. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are being considered as an effective solution to replace currently available organic liquid electrolyte for building safer LBs. This review provides recent advancements in GPEs applied for high-performance LBs. On the one hand, from the environmental and economic point of view, the skeletons of GPEs changed from traditional polymer to renewable and degradable polymer. On the other hand, in addition to being as a component with good electrochemical and physical characterizations, the GPEs also need to provide some functions for addressing the concerns of lithium (Li) dendrites, unstable cathode electrolyte interface, dissolution and migration of transition metal ions,"shuttle effect" of polysulfides, and so on. Finally, to synchronously meet the challenges from the advanced cathode and Li metal anode, the bio-based GPEs with multi-functionality are proposed to develop high-energy/powerdensity batteries in the future.
