目的:观察黄芪总皂苷对小鼠结肠癌肝转移的抑制作用,并探讨其通过调节Wnt3a/β-catenin/EMT通路发挥抑制作用的相关机制。方法:用CT26.WT细胞构建结肠癌原位移植瘤小鼠模型,将50只BA L B/c小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、阳性对照组、...目的:观察黄芪总皂苷对小鼠结肠癌肝转移的抑制作用,并探讨其通过调节Wnt3a/β-catenin/EMT通路发挥抑制作用的相关机制。方法:用CT26.WT细胞构建结肠癌原位移植瘤小鼠模型,将50只BA L B/c小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、阳性对照组、黄芪总皂苷低剂量组(50 m g·k g^(-1)·d^(-1))、黄芪总皂苷高剂量组(100 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),每组10只。取各组小鼠肝脏组织,观察结肠肿瘤肝转移情况,采用HE染色观察肝组织病理形态学变化,Western Blot检测Wnt3a/β-catenin/EMT相关蛋白的表达,免疫荧光染色检测β-catenin蛋白在肝组织中的表达情况。结果:模型组小鼠肝脏出现明显转移结节,且病理变化较明显,尤其出现较多肿瘤细胞浸润情况。与模型组比较,黄芪总皂苷高剂量组及阳性对照组小鼠肝组织转移灶数量明显减少,肝脏病理得到明显改善,肿瘤细胞浸润明显减少,肝组织中Wnt3a、β-catenin、N-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白表达量显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),GSK3β和E-cadherin蛋白表达量显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:黄芪总皂苷可能通过调控肝组织中Wnt3a/β-catenin/EMT信号通路发挥抑制结肠癌原位移植瘤小鼠肝转移的作用。展开更多
【目的】探明籼粳杂交稻甬优2640的氮素吸收利用特点。【方法】籼粳杂交稻甬优2640、常规粳稻连粳7号和常规籼稻扬稻6号种植于大田,设置6种施氮量处理(0、100、200、300、400、500 kg/hm^(2))和^(15)N示踪微区试验。【结果】在0~400 N k...【目的】探明籼粳杂交稻甬优2640的氮素吸收利用特点。【方法】籼粳杂交稻甬优2640、常规粳稻连粳7号和常规籼稻扬稻6号种植于大田,设置6种施氮量处理(0、100、200、300、400、500 kg/hm^(2))和^(15)N示踪微区试验。【结果】在0~400 N kg/hm^(2)范围内,甬优2640的稻谷产量随施氮量的增加而提高;连粳7号和扬稻6号的产量则是先增加后降低,在施氮量300 kg/hm^(2)时产量最高;相同施氮量下,甬优2640的产量均高于连粳7号和扬稻6号。甬优2640产量较高,这得益于地上部较高的干物质量和库容量(总颖花量)。适量增施氮肥提高了籽粒中^(15)N积累量,但其在籽粒中的分配比例却随施氮量的增加而降低。甬优2640穗中的^(15)N分配比例高于连粳7号和扬稻6号。高施氮量降低水稻氮收获指数。增施氮肥明显提高3个水稻品种穗分化期、抽穗期和灌浆中期叶片的硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶和谷氨酸合酶活性;相同施氮量下,甬优2640的各种酶活性显著高于连粳7号和扬稻6号。【结论】籼粳杂交稻甬优2640较常规水稻品种具有更强的氮素吸收与利用能力。展开更多
目的探讨原发性大隐静脉曲张传统开放性手术与激光治疗联合泡沫硬化术对机体免疫系统的影响。方法按照手术方式将104例择期行大隐静脉曲张手术的患者分为激光治疗联合泡沫硬术组(MIS组,53例)和传统开放性手术组(OS组,51例)。分别于术前...目的探讨原发性大隐静脉曲张传统开放性手术与激光治疗联合泡沫硬化术对机体免疫系统的影响。方法按照手术方式将104例择期行大隐静脉曲张手术的患者分为激光治疗联合泡沫硬术组(MIS组,53例)和传统开放性手术组(OS组,51例)。分别于术前和术后24 h采集2组静脉血测定超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平。采用流式细胞术检测T淋巴细胞亚群及自然杀伤细胞(NK)的比例变化。采用单细胞测序(scRNA-seq)技术检测外周血免疫细胞差异基因表达。结果MIS组术后IL-1β、IL-8水平较术前高(P均<0.05),术前与术后的SOD、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-γ水平比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);OS组上述指标术前与术后比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。MIS组术前与术后T淋巴细胞亚群及NK比例比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);OS组术后24 h CD8^(+)T细胞比例升高,NK比例降低(P均<0.05)。术后24 h外周血免疫细胞表达差异基因功能富集分析提示OS组术后缺氧应答、IFN应答及NF-κB等炎症通路较MIS组上调。结论大隐静脉曲张激光治疗联合泡沫硬化术对机体系统免疫炎症及缺氧反应影响较小,能够更好地维持机体的免疫平衡,较大程度保留机体原有免疫系统抵御微生物入侵的能力。展开更多
长江中下游是我国粮食生产区之一,对粮食安全保障有重要意义。解析主要粮食作物生产的碳足迹,有助于发展丰产低碳农业。本研究基于2011—2020年长江中下游地区6个省份(江苏省、安徽省、江西省、湖北省、湖南省和浙江省)主要粮食作物(水...长江中下游是我国粮食生产区之一,对粮食安全保障有重要意义。解析主要粮食作物生产的碳足迹,有助于发展丰产低碳农业。本研究基于2011—2020年长江中下游地区6个省份(江苏省、安徽省、江西省、湖北省、湖南省和浙江省)主要粮食作物(水稻、小麦和玉米)的产量、播种面积、农田生产投入等数据,对该区域上述3种主粮作物的生产碳足迹进行估算。结果表明:2011—2020年间,江苏省的水稻、小麦和玉米不论在单产、种植面积或总产上均居首位。在单位面积碳足迹上,长江中下游地区的水稻最高,平均达到2.0 t CE·hm^(-2),小麦次之,玉米最低,且3种主粮作物的单位面积碳足迹不断升高。在单位籽粒产量碳足迹上,水稻最高,平均达到0.8 kg CE·kg^(-1),小麦次之,玉米最低。在碳投入结构上,灌溉用电、化肥和农药的投入占比较高,灌溉用电分别占水稻、小麦和玉米总碳投入的35.0%、36.3%和33.2%,化肥分别占28.8%、32.5%和32.5%,农药分别占24.2%、13.3%和11.5%。在碳效率上,玉米最高,为3.9 kg·kg^(-1) CE,水稻次之,小麦最低。随着农业绿色发展的推进,通过提高灌溉效率、化肥利用效率、农药利用率和机械化作业效率,以及秸秆还田多样化、新品种培育和政策杠杆等多种途径,能够合力降低长江中下游地区主要粮食作物生产过程中的碳排放。展开更多
Due to climate change, extreme heat stress events have become more frequent, adversely affecting rice yield and grain quality. The accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen substances are essential for...Due to climate change, extreme heat stress events have become more frequent, adversely affecting rice yield and grain quality. The accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen substances are essential for rice yield and grain quality. To assess the impact of high temperature stress(HTS) at the early panicle initiation(EPI) stage on the accumulation, transportation, and distribution of dry matter and nitrogen substances in various organs of rice, as well as the resulting effects on rice yield and grain quality, pot experiments were conducted using an indica rice cultivar Yangdao 6(YD6) and a japonica rice cultivar Jinxiangyu 1(JXY1) under both normal temperature(32 ℃/26 ℃) and high temperature(38 ℃/29 ℃) conditions. The results indicated that exposure to HTS at the EPI stage significantly decreased rice yield by reducing spikelet number per panicle, grain-filling rate, and grain weight. However, it improved the nutritional quality of rice grains by increasing protein and amylose contents. The reduction in nitrogen and dry matter accumulation accounted for the changes in spikelet number per panicle, grain-filling rate, and grain size. Under HTS, the decrease in nitrogen accumulation accompanied by the reduction in dry matter may be due to the down-regulation of leaf net photosynthesis and senescence, as evidenced by the decrease in nitrogen content. Furthermore, the decrease in sink size limited the translocation of dry matter and nitrogen substances to grains, which was closely related to the reduction in grain weight and the deterioration of grain quality. These findings significantly contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of HTS on grain yield and quality formation from the perspective of dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and translocation. Further efforts are needed to improve the adaptability of rice varieties to climate change in the near future.展开更多
文摘目的:观察黄芪总皂苷对小鼠结肠癌肝转移的抑制作用,并探讨其通过调节Wnt3a/β-catenin/EMT通路发挥抑制作用的相关机制。方法:用CT26.WT细胞构建结肠癌原位移植瘤小鼠模型,将50只BA L B/c小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、阳性对照组、黄芪总皂苷低剂量组(50 m g·k g^(-1)·d^(-1))、黄芪总皂苷高剂量组(100 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),每组10只。取各组小鼠肝脏组织,观察结肠肿瘤肝转移情况,采用HE染色观察肝组织病理形态学变化,Western Blot检测Wnt3a/β-catenin/EMT相关蛋白的表达,免疫荧光染色检测β-catenin蛋白在肝组织中的表达情况。结果:模型组小鼠肝脏出现明显转移结节,且病理变化较明显,尤其出现较多肿瘤细胞浸润情况。与模型组比较,黄芪总皂苷高剂量组及阳性对照组小鼠肝组织转移灶数量明显减少,肝脏病理得到明显改善,肿瘤细胞浸润明显减少,肝组织中Wnt3a、β-catenin、N-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白表达量显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),GSK3β和E-cadherin蛋白表达量显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:黄芪总皂苷可能通过调控肝组织中Wnt3a/β-catenin/EMT信号通路发挥抑制结肠癌原位移植瘤小鼠肝转移的作用。
文摘【目的】探明籼粳杂交稻甬优2640的氮素吸收利用特点。【方法】籼粳杂交稻甬优2640、常规粳稻连粳7号和常规籼稻扬稻6号种植于大田,设置6种施氮量处理(0、100、200、300、400、500 kg/hm^(2))和^(15)N示踪微区试验。【结果】在0~400 N kg/hm^(2)范围内,甬优2640的稻谷产量随施氮量的增加而提高;连粳7号和扬稻6号的产量则是先增加后降低,在施氮量300 kg/hm^(2)时产量最高;相同施氮量下,甬优2640的产量均高于连粳7号和扬稻6号。甬优2640产量较高,这得益于地上部较高的干物质量和库容量(总颖花量)。适量增施氮肥提高了籽粒中^(15)N积累量,但其在籽粒中的分配比例却随施氮量的增加而降低。甬优2640穗中的^(15)N分配比例高于连粳7号和扬稻6号。高施氮量降低水稻氮收获指数。增施氮肥明显提高3个水稻品种穗分化期、抽穗期和灌浆中期叶片的硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶和谷氨酸合酶活性;相同施氮量下,甬优2640的各种酶活性显著高于连粳7号和扬稻6号。【结论】籼粳杂交稻甬优2640较常规水稻品种具有更强的氮素吸收与利用能力。
文摘目的探讨原发性大隐静脉曲张传统开放性手术与激光治疗联合泡沫硬化术对机体免疫系统的影响。方法按照手术方式将104例择期行大隐静脉曲张手术的患者分为激光治疗联合泡沫硬术组(MIS组,53例)和传统开放性手术组(OS组,51例)。分别于术前和术后24 h采集2组静脉血测定超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平。采用流式细胞术检测T淋巴细胞亚群及自然杀伤细胞(NK)的比例变化。采用单细胞测序(scRNA-seq)技术检测外周血免疫细胞差异基因表达。结果MIS组术后IL-1β、IL-8水平较术前高(P均<0.05),术前与术后的SOD、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-γ水平比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);OS组上述指标术前与术后比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。MIS组术前与术后T淋巴细胞亚群及NK比例比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);OS组术后24 h CD8^(+)T细胞比例升高,NK比例降低(P均<0.05)。术后24 h外周血免疫细胞表达差异基因功能富集分析提示OS组术后缺氧应答、IFN应答及NF-κB等炎症通路较MIS组上调。结论大隐静脉曲张激光治疗联合泡沫硬化术对机体系统免疫炎症及缺氧反应影响较小,能够更好地维持机体的免疫平衡,较大程度保留机体原有免疫系统抵御微生物入侵的能力。
文摘长江中下游是我国粮食生产区之一,对粮食安全保障有重要意义。解析主要粮食作物生产的碳足迹,有助于发展丰产低碳农业。本研究基于2011—2020年长江中下游地区6个省份(江苏省、安徽省、江西省、湖北省、湖南省和浙江省)主要粮食作物(水稻、小麦和玉米)的产量、播种面积、农田生产投入等数据,对该区域上述3种主粮作物的生产碳足迹进行估算。结果表明:2011—2020年间,江苏省的水稻、小麦和玉米不论在单产、种植面积或总产上均居首位。在单位面积碳足迹上,长江中下游地区的水稻最高,平均达到2.0 t CE·hm^(-2),小麦次之,玉米最低,且3种主粮作物的单位面积碳足迹不断升高。在单位籽粒产量碳足迹上,水稻最高,平均达到0.8 kg CE·kg^(-1),小麦次之,玉米最低。在碳投入结构上,灌溉用电、化肥和农药的投入占比较高,灌溉用电分别占水稻、小麦和玉米总碳投入的35.0%、36.3%和33.2%,化肥分别占28.8%、32.5%和32.5%,农药分别占24.2%、13.3%和11.5%。在碳效率上,玉米最高,为3.9 kg·kg^(-1) CE,水稻次之,小麦最低。随着农业绿色发展的推进,通过提高灌溉效率、化肥利用效率、农药利用率和机械化作业效率,以及秸秆还田多样化、新品种培育和政策杠杆等多种途径,能够合力降低长江中下游地区主要粮食作物生产过程中的碳排放。
基金supported by the Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund,China(Grant No.CX(23)1035)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32201888,32071943,and 32272197)+2 种基金the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu,China(Grant No.BK20200923)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.SQ 2022YFD1500402 and SQ2022YFD2300304)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China.
文摘Due to climate change, extreme heat stress events have become more frequent, adversely affecting rice yield and grain quality. The accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen substances are essential for rice yield and grain quality. To assess the impact of high temperature stress(HTS) at the early panicle initiation(EPI) stage on the accumulation, transportation, and distribution of dry matter and nitrogen substances in various organs of rice, as well as the resulting effects on rice yield and grain quality, pot experiments were conducted using an indica rice cultivar Yangdao 6(YD6) and a japonica rice cultivar Jinxiangyu 1(JXY1) under both normal temperature(32 ℃/26 ℃) and high temperature(38 ℃/29 ℃) conditions. The results indicated that exposure to HTS at the EPI stage significantly decreased rice yield by reducing spikelet number per panicle, grain-filling rate, and grain weight. However, it improved the nutritional quality of rice grains by increasing protein and amylose contents. The reduction in nitrogen and dry matter accumulation accounted for the changes in spikelet number per panicle, grain-filling rate, and grain size. Under HTS, the decrease in nitrogen accumulation accompanied by the reduction in dry matter may be due to the down-regulation of leaf net photosynthesis and senescence, as evidenced by the decrease in nitrogen content. Furthermore, the decrease in sink size limited the translocation of dry matter and nitrogen substances to grains, which was closely related to the reduction in grain weight and the deterioration of grain quality. These findings significantly contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of HTS on grain yield and quality formation from the perspective of dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and translocation. Further efforts are needed to improve the adaptability of rice varieties to climate change in the near future.
