In order to verify the synthesis pathway of linoleic acid(LA)to generate arachidonic acid(ARA),the functions ofΔ6 FAD and Elovl 5 in Apostichopus japonicus were tested by heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris.A ...In order to verify the synthesis pathway of linoleic acid(LA)to generate arachidonic acid(ARA),the functions ofΔ6 FAD and Elovl 5 in Apostichopus japonicus were tested by heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris.A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary LA and ARA on growth,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)biosynthesis and im-mune function of A.japonicus.Seven diets containing graded levels of LA or ARA were formulated,and one diet without PUFA was applied as a control.The results confirmed thatΔ6 FAD from A.japonicus has a double desaturation ability ofΔ6 andΔ5 for PUFA,and it works together with Elovl 5 enzyme play important roles in biosynthesis of ARA from LA.With increasing dietary LA from 4.9 to 12.1 g/kg,the expressions ofΔ6 FAD and Elovl 5,levels of LA,ARA and EPA in tissues increased,and the activities of ACP,AKP and CAT enzymes in intestine initially increased and then decreased.Additionally,by increasing dietary ARA from 0.7 to 3.8 g/kg,the contents of ALA,EPA and DHA decreased,while theΔ6 FAD expression and the activities of ACP,AKP and CAT in intes-tine increased significantly.Therefore,appropriate dietary levels of LA(12.1 g/kg)or ARA(3.8 g/kg)build a reasonable composi-tion of n-3/n-6 PUFA in A.japonicus,and improved its growth,antioxidant capacity and immunological defenses.展开更多
深入探讨光纤到房间(Fiber to the Room,FTTR)技术在智慧家庭和智慧办公中的应用及其系统架构。FTTR利用光纤通信技术和无源光网络(Passive Optical Network,PON)架构,通过光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal,OLT)、光分配网络(Optical D...深入探讨光纤到房间(Fiber to the Room,FTTR)技术在智慧家庭和智慧办公中的应用及其系统架构。FTTR利用光纤通信技术和无源光网络(Passive Optical Network,PON)架构,通过光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal,OLT)、光分配网络(Optical Distribution Network,ODN)、光网络终端(Optical Network Terminal,ONT)组件提供高速稳定的网络服务。研究内容涵盖FTTR的技术原理、系统架构设计,并详细分析其在智慧家庭与智慧办公中的应用。研究表明,FTTR不仅显著提升用户体验,而且为企业和个人提供更加高效、智能和安全的工作生活环境。展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Sci-ence Foundation of Shandong(Nos.ZR2022MC086 and ZR2023MC162).
文摘In order to verify the synthesis pathway of linoleic acid(LA)to generate arachidonic acid(ARA),the functions ofΔ6 FAD and Elovl 5 in Apostichopus japonicus were tested by heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris.A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary LA and ARA on growth,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)biosynthesis and im-mune function of A.japonicus.Seven diets containing graded levels of LA or ARA were formulated,and one diet without PUFA was applied as a control.The results confirmed thatΔ6 FAD from A.japonicus has a double desaturation ability ofΔ6 andΔ5 for PUFA,and it works together with Elovl 5 enzyme play important roles in biosynthesis of ARA from LA.With increasing dietary LA from 4.9 to 12.1 g/kg,the expressions ofΔ6 FAD and Elovl 5,levels of LA,ARA and EPA in tissues increased,and the activities of ACP,AKP and CAT enzymes in intestine initially increased and then decreased.Additionally,by increasing dietary ARA from 0.7 to 3.8 g/kg,the contents of ALA,EPA and DHA decreased,while theΔ6 FAD expression and the activities of ACP,AKP and CAT in intes-tine increased significantly.Therefore,appropriate dietary levels of LA(12.1 g/kg)or ARA(3.8 g/kg)build a reasonable composi-tion of n-3/n-6 PUFA in A.japonicus,and improved its growth,antioxidant capacity and immunological defenses.
文摘深入探讨光纤到房间(Fiber to the Room,FTTR)技术在智慧家庭和智慧办公中的应用及其系统架构。FTTR利用光纤通信技术和无源光网络(Passive Optical Network,PON)架构,通过光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal,OLT)、光分配网络(Optical Distribution Network,ODN)、光网络终端(Optical Network Terminal,ONT)组件提供高速稳定的网络服务。研究内容涵盖FTTR的技术原理、系统架构设计,并详细分析其在智慧家庭与智慧办公中的应用。研究表明,FTTR不仅显著提升用户体验,而且为企业和个人提供更加高效、智能和安全的工作生活环境。
