Crops leave a soil legacy with altruistic effects for subsequent crops but not for themselves.While research has focused on improvements in soil physicochemical properties and the suppression of non-host patho-gens,th...Crops leave a soil legacy with altruistic effects for subsequent crops but not for themselves.While research has focused on improvements in soil physicochemical properties and the suppression of non-host patho-gens,the altruistic microbiome and its assembly mechanism driven by root exudates remain largely un-known.Here,we identified altruistic but self-detrimental phenomena when garlic was rotated with other crops based on meta-analysis and in vivo experiments.Studies utilizing a globally adopted garlic-pepper rotation system demonstrated density-dependent enrichment of key microbial taxa,especially the Penicil-lium genus,which supports the healthy growth of non-Allium plants but exhibits pathogenicity toward garlic.Furthermore,we found that garlic roots stably secrete diallyl disulfide(DADS)into soil,imposing reactive oxygen species(ROS)stress in the rhizosphere and reshaping the microbial community,particu-larly suppressing ROS-sensitive pathogens while enriching ROS-tolerant beneficial microorganisms.As a result,Penicillium allii,with strong oxidative stress tolerance,survives and accumulates in the highly stressful garlic rhizosphere environment,thereby playing an"altruistic but self-detrimental"role in the rotation system.In addition,preliminary field experiments showed that co-application of DADS with P.allii could enhance stable colonization of P.allii,promoting sustainable management of soil-borne dis-eases and improving yield.In summary,this study reveals that garlic root exudate DADS triggers ROS-mediated selection pressure,enriching stress-tolerant P.allii and establishing an "altruistic" microbiome succession mechanism in crop-rotation systems.This mechanism enables targeted soil-borne disease management through plant-driven microbial community engineering.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0107500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260706)+1 种基金Colorful Yunnan Postdoctoral Program(A3012025211)Gansu Province Postdoctoral Special Project(25JRRG024).
文摘Crops leave a soil legacy with altruistic effects for subsequent crops but not for themselves.While research has focused on improvements in soil physicochemical properties and the suppression of non-host patho-gens,the altruistic microbiome and its assembly mechanism driven by root exudates remain largely un-known.Here,we identified altruistic but self-detrimental phenomena when garlic was rotated with other crops based on meta-analysis and in vivo experiments.Studies utilizing a globally adopted garlic-pepper rotation system demonstrated density-dependent enrichment of key microbial taxa,especially the Penicil-lium genus,which supports the healthy growth of non-Allium plants but exhibits pathogenicity toward garlic.Furthermore,we found that garlic roots stably secrete diallyl disulfide(DADS)into soil,imposing reactive oxygen species(ROS)stress in the rhizosphere and reshaping the microbial community,particu-larly suppressing ROS-sensitive pathogens while enriching ROS-tolerant beneficial microorganisms.As a result,Penicillium allii,with strong oxidative stress tolerance,survives and accumulates in the highly stressful garlic rhizosphere environment,thereby playing an"altruistic but self-detrimental"role in the rotation system.In addition,preliminary field experiments showed that co-application of DADS with P.allii could enhance stable colonization of P.allii,promoting sustainable management of soil-borne dis-eases and improving yield.In summary,this study reveals that garlic root exudate DADS triggers ROS-mediated selection pressure,enriching stress-tolerant P.allii and establishing an "altruistic" microbiome succession mechanism in crop-rotation systems.This mechanism enables targeted soil-borne disease management through plant-driven microbial community engineering.
