Excessive consumption of refined grains harms human health and ecosystem viability.Whole grains,as a healthy and sustainable alternative to refined grains,can benefit individual health by providing dietary fiber,B vit...Excessive consumption of refined grains harms human health and ecosystem viability.Whole grains,as a healthy and sustainable alternative to refined grains,can benefit individual health by providing dietary fiber,B vitamins,and bioactive substances.Additionally,they aid in improving the environment due to their higher extraction rate and lower carbon emission during the processing stage.However,few studies have attempted to evaluate the economic and social benefits of increasing the amount of whole grain in grain intake.This paper estimates the potential savings in healthcare costs and reduced food carbon footprints(CFs)that could result from a shift toward whole grain consumption following the Chinese Dietary Guidelines(CDG).We investigate hypothetical scenarios where a certain proportion(5–100%)of Chinese adults could increase their whole grain intakes as proposed by CDG to meet the average shortfall of 30.2 g.In that case,the healthcare costs for associated diseases(e.g.,type2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),cardiovascular disease(CVD),and colorectal cancer(CRC))are expected to reduce by a substantial amount,from USD 2.82 to 56.37 billion;the carbon emission levels are also projected to decrease by0.24–5.72 million tons.This study provides compelling evidence that advocating for the transition towards greater consumption of whole grain products could benefit individual health,the environment,and society,by reducing both healthcare costs and carbon emissions.展开更多
It is of substantial scientific significance and practical value to reveal and understand the multiscale mechanical properties and intrinsic mechanisms of medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)under high strain rates and pressur...It is of substantial scientific significance and practical value to reveal and understand the multiscale mechanical properties and intrinsic mechanisms of medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)under high strain rates and pressures.In this study,the mechanical responses and deformation mechanisms of an equiatomic CoCrNi MEA are investigated utilizing magnetically driven ramp wave compression(RWC)with a strain rate of 105 s^(−1).The CoCrNi MEA demonstrates excellent dynamic mechanical responses and yield strength under RWC compared with other advanced materials.Multiscale characterizations reveal that grain refinement and abundant micromechanisms,including dislocation slip,stacking faults,nanotwin network,and Lomer–Cottrell locks,collectively contribute to its excellent performance during RWC.Furthermore,dense deformation twins and shear bands intersect,forming a weave-like microstructure that can disperse deformation and enhance plasticity.On the basis of these observations,we develop a modified crystal plasticity model with coupled dislocation and twinning mechanisms,providing a relatively accurate quantitative description of the multiscale behavior under RWC.The results of simulations indicate that the activation of multilevel microstructures in CoCrNi MEA is primarily attributable to stress inhomogeneities and localized strain during RWC.Our research offers valuable insights into the dynamic mechanical responses of CoCrNi MEA,positioning it as a promising material for use under extreme dynamic conditions.展开更多
Background:In recent years,frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by hemorrhagic fever viruses have posed serious threats to global public health.The pathogens are variable and highly infectious,such as Suda...Background:In recent years,frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by hemorrhagic fever viruses have posed serious threats to global public health.The pathogens are variable and highly infectious,such as Sudan ebolavirus(SEBOV),Zaire ebolavirus(ZEBOV),Marburg marburgvirus(MARV),Lassa mammarenavirus(LASV),Rift Valley fever phlebovirus(RVFV),Sin Nombre orthohantavirus(SNV),etc.To improve the efficiency of pathogen detection,a method for simultaneous screening multiplex targets is in a great demand.Methods:Utilizing dual-probe hybridization and melting curve analysis,a multiplex nucleic acid polymerase assay for eight hemorrhagic fever viruses test(named the MPA-eight-virus assay)was developed in this study.The sensitivity for each target was improved by optimizing primer and probe selection as well as amplification conditions;the usability of MPA-eight-virus assay was validated by simulated samples preparation and test.Results:The MPA-eight-virus assay achieved high sensitivity and specificity for the targets,with a limit of detec-tion(LOD)of 1.83-691.00 copies/μL for all eight targets;Notably,the LOD for MARV was 1.83 copies/μL and that for SNV was 9.32 copies/μL.Conclusions:The MPA-eight-virus assay is high throughput,time-saving,accurate,and cost-effective,making it potentially useful for prevention and control of severe viral hemorrhagic fever.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72203214 and 72061147002)China Scholarship Council(CSC)(201913043)。
文摘Excessive consumption of refined grains harms human health and ecosystem viability.Whole grains,as a healthy and sustainable alternative to refined grains,can benefit individual health by providing dietary fiber,B vitamins,and bioactive substances.Additionally,they aid in improving the environment due to their higher extraction rate and lower carbon emission during the processing stage.However,few studies have attempted to evaluate the economic and social benefits of increasing the amount of whole grain in grain intake.This paper estimates the potential savings in healthcare costs and reduced food carbon footprints(CFs)that could result from a shift toward whole grain consumption following the Chinese Dietary Guidelines(CDG).We investigate hypothetical scenarios where a certain proportion(5–100%)of Chinese adults could increase their whole grain intakes as proposed by CDG to meet the average shortfall of 30.2 g.In that case,the healthcare costs for associated diseases(e.g.,type2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),cardiovascular disease(CVD),and colorectal cancer(CRC))are expected to reduce by a substantial amount,from USD 2.82 to 56.37 billion;the carbon emission levels are also projected to decrease by0.24–5.72 million tons.This study provides compelling evidence that advocating for the transition towards greater consumption of whole grain products could benefit individual health,the environment,and society,by reducing both healthcare costs and carbon emissions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92166201,12002327,and 12272391).
文摘It is of substantial scientific significance and practical value to reveal and understand the multiscale mechanical properties and intrinsic mechanisms of medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)under high strain rates and pressures.In this study,the mechanical responses and deformation mechanisms of an equiatomic CoCrNi MEA are investigated utilizing magnetically driven ramp wave compression(RWC)with a strain rate of 105 s^(−1).The CoCrNi MEA demonstrates excellent dynamic mechanical responses and yield strength under RWC compared with other advanced materials.Multiscale characterizations reveal that grain refinement and abundant micromechanisms,including dislocation slip,stacking faults,nanotwin network,and Lomer–Cottrell locks,collectively contribute to its excellent performance during RWC.Furthermore,dense deformation twins and shear bands intersect,forming a weave-like microstructure that can disperse deformation and enhance plasticity.On the basis of these observations,we develop a modified crystal plasticity model with coupled dislocation and twinning mechanisms,providing a relatively accurate quantitative description of the multiscale behavior under RWC.The results of simulations indicate that the activation of multilevel microstructures in CoCrNi MEA is primarily attributable to stress inhomogeneities and localized strain during RWC.Our research offers valuable insights into the dynamic mechanical responses of CoCrNi MEA,positioning it as a promising material for use under extreme dynamic conditions.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2021YFC2401005)Academy of Military Medical Science,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity(Grant No.SKLPBS2203).
文摘Background:In recent years,frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by hemorrhagic fever viruses have posed serious threats to global public health.The pathogens are variable and highly infectious,such as Sudan ebolavirus(SEBOV),Zaire ebolavirus(ZEBOV),Marburg marburgvirus(MARV),Lassa mammarenavirus(LASV),Rift Valley fever phlebovirus(RVFV),Sin Nombre orthohantavirus(SNV),etc.To improve the efficiency of pathogen detection,a method for simultaneous screening multiplex targets is in a great demand.Methods:Utilizing dual-probe hybridization and melting curve analysis,a multiplex nucleic acid polymerase assay for eight hemorrhagic fever viruses test(named the MPA-eight-virus assay)was developed in this study.The sensitivity for each target was improved by optimizing primer and probe selection as well as amplification conditions;the usability of MPA-eight-virus assay was validated by simulated samples preparation and test.Results:The MPA-eight-virus assay achieved high sensitivity and specificity for the targets,with a limit of detec-tion(LOD)of 1.83-691.00 copies/μL for all eight targets;Notably,the LOD for MARV was 1.83 copies/μL and that for SNV was 9.32 copies/μL.Conclusions:The MPA-eight-virus assay is high throughput,time-saving,accurate,and cost-effective,making it potentially useful for prevention and control of severe viral hemorrhagic fever.
