Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EndMT)is a key driver of atherosclerosis.Aerobic glycolysis is increased in the endothelium of atheroprone areas,accompanied by elevated lactate levels.Histone lactylation,mediate...Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EndMT)is a key driver of atherosclerosis.Aerobic glycolysis is increased in the endothelium of atheroprone areas,accompanied by elevated lactate levels.Histone lactylation,mediated by lactate,can regulate gene expression and participate in disease regulation.However,whether histone lactylation is involved in atherosclerosis remains unknown.Here,we report that lipid peroxidation could lead to EndMT-induced atherosclerosis by increasing lactatedependent histone H3 lysine 18 lactylation(H3K18la)in vitro and in vivo,as well as in atherosclerotic patients’arteries.Mechanistically,the histone chaperone ASF1A was first identified as a cofactor of P300,which precisely regulated the enrichment of H3K18la at the promoter of SNAI1,thereby activating SNAI1 transcription and promoting EndMT.We found that deletion of ASF1A inhibited EndMT and improved endothelial dysfunction.Functional analysis based on Apoe^(KO)Asf1a^(ECKO) mice in the atherosclerosis model confirmed the involvement of H3K18la in atherosclerosis and found that endotheliumspecific ASF1A deficiency inhibited EndMT and alleviated atherosclerosis development.Inhibition of glycolysis by pharmacologic inhibition and advanced PROTAC attenuated H3K18la,SNAI1 transcription,and EndMT-induced atherosclerosis.This study illustrates precise crosstalk between metabolism and epigenetics via H3K18la by the P300/ASF1A molecular complex during EndMT-induced atherogenesis,which provides emerging therapies for atherosclerosis.展开更多
The characteristics of the confined bubble and elongated bubble in subcooled flow boiling in a single horizontal rectangular microchannel with hydraulic diameter Dh=1mm are studied experimentally. The channel with 1 &...The characteristics of the confined bubble and elongated bubble in subcooled flow boiling in a single horizontal rectangular microchannel with hydraulic diameter Dh=1mm are studied experimentally. The channel with 1 ×1mm cross section is fabricated in a thin copper plate whose confinement number is Co=2.8 and the degassed deionized water is used as the working fluid. Visualization on the confined and elongated bubbles inside the microchannel is carded out by employing a high-speed CCD camera with a rnicrolens. The recorded images are carefully analyzed to illustrate the behaviors of the confinement and elongation processes of the bubble. The boiling number is used as an adjustable parameter to regulate the operating conditions which is eventually found to take a vital role in the bubble elongation process. Two formation patterns of the confined and elongated bubble are identified and the interactions between the neighboring confined and elongated bubbles are elucidated.展开更多
This study investigated the stabilization of heavy metals by adding modified fly ash(FA)to contaminated soils,and two similar materials,NaOH-zeolite(ZE)and natural zeolite(ZO)were introduced into the soils for compari...This study investigated the stabilization of heavy metals by adding modified fly ash(FA)to contaminated soils,and two similar materials,NaOH-zeolite(ZE)and natural zeolite(ZO)were introduced into the soils for comparison.Column leaching tests were conducted to analyze the difference of stabilization effects between the three materials.Leaching columns were run for 6 months,and a considerable stabilization of heavy metals in the soils was observed.The concentration of cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in the amended soil substantially decreased(p<0.05).The results indicated that after 11 weeks of column leaching,Cd and Pb concentrations in the soil leachate decreased to below the detection limit due to amendment stabilization.Among the three amendments,the ZE amendment showed the optimum capacity for heavy metal immobilisation in the soils.In addition,after 6 months of leaching,Pb and Cd concentrations in the soils with the three different amendments decreased to various degrees.The amendments of modified FA and ZE were better than those of natural ZO.Coal FA,after modification,is a useful amendment for the remediation of heavy metals in the contaminated soil.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a finite element time-domain(FETD)method for the Maxwell’s equations in chiral metamaterials(CMMs).The time-domain model equations are constructed by the auxiliary differential equations(ADEs...In this paper,we propose a finite element time-domain(FETD)method for the Maxwell’s equations in chiral metamaterials(CMMs).The time-domain model equations are constructed by the auxiliary differential equations(ADEs)method.The source excitation method entitled total-field and scattered-field(TF/SF)decomposition technique is applied to FETD method for the first time in simulating the propagation of electromagnetic wave in CMMs,based on which a unified ADE-FETD-UPMLTF/SF scheme is proposed to simulate the wave in CMMs.The following properties of CMMs can be observed successfully from the numerical experiments based on our method,i.e.,the ability of the polarization rotation,and the negative phase velocity.The amplitude of reflected wave can effectively be controlled by the physical parameters of CMMs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270421,81970428,31771334,81800385,82270484,82370376,82121001,82030013,and 82241211)Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91649125)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0802704)The major project of Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institution of China(21KJA310006)Jiangsu Provincial Social Development Project(BE2021749,China)Special Program for Top Innovative Talents(NJMUTY20230082,China).
文摘Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EndMT)is a key driver of atherosclerosis.Aerobic glycolysis is increased in the endothelium of atheroprone areas,accompanied by elevated lactate levels.Histone lactylation,mediated by lactate,can regulate gene expression and participate in disease regulation.However,whether histone lactylation is involved in atherosclerosis remains unknown.Here,we report that lipid peroxidation could lead to EndMT-induced atherosclerosis by increasing lactatedependent histone H3 lysine 18 lactylation(H3K18la)in vitro and in vivo,as well as in atherosclerotic patients’arteries.Mechanistically,the histone chaperone ASF1A was first identified as a cofactor of P300,which precisely regulated the enrichment of H3K18la at the promoter of SNAI1,thereby activating SNAI1 transcription and promoting EndMT.We found that deletion of ASF1A inhibited EndMT and improved endothelial dysfunction.Functional analysis based on Apoe^(KO)Asf1a^(ECKO) mice in the atherosclerosis model confirmed the involvement of H3K18la in atherosclerosis and found that endotheliumspecific ASF1A deficiency inhibited EndMT and alleviated atherosclerosis development.Inhibition of glycolysis by pharmacologic inhibition and advanced PROTAC attenuated H3K18la,SNAI1 transcription,and EndMT-induced atherosclerosis.This study illustrates precise crosstalk between metabolism and epigenetics via H3K18la by the P300/ASF1A molecular complex during EndMT-induced atherogenesis,which provides emerging therapies for atherosclerosis.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51176008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2011YJS267)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Process Enhancement & New Energy Equipment Technology(Nanjing University of Technology)
文摘The characteristics of the confined bubble and elongated bubble in subcooled flow boiling in a single horizontal rectangular microchannel with hydraulic diameter Dh=1mm are studied experimentally. The channel with 1 ×1mm cross section is fabricated in a thin copper plate whose confinement number is Co=2.8 and the degassed deionized water is used as the working fluid. Visualization on the confined and elongated bubbles inside the microchannel is carded out by employing a high-speed CCD camera with a rnicrolens. The recorded images are carefully analyzed to illustrate the behaviors of the confinement and elongation processes of the bubble. The boiling number is used as an adjustable parameter to regulate the operating conditions which is eventually found to take a vital role in the bubble elongation process. Two formation patterns of the confined and elongated bubble are identified and the interactions between the neighboring confined and elongated bubbles are elucidated.
基金the Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control,the Ministry of the Agriculture/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Safe-Product Open Fund Project(Grant No.17nybcdgj-2).
文摘This study investigated the stabilization of heavy metals by adding modified fly ash(FA)to contaminated soils,and two similar materials,NaOH-zeolite(ZE)and natural zeolite(ZO)were introduced into the soils for comparison.Column leaching tests were conducted to analyze the difference of stabilization effects between the three materials.Leaching columns were run for 6 months,and a considerable stabilization of heavy metals in the soils was observed.The concentration of cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in the amended soil substantially decreased(p<0.05).The results indicated that after 11 weeks of column leaching,Cd and Pb concentrations in the soil leachate decreased to below the detection limit due to amendment stabilization.Among the three amendments,the ZE amendment showed the optimum capacity for heavy metal immobilisation in the soils.In addition,after 6 months of leaching,Pb and Cd concentrations in the soils with the three different amendments decreased to various degrees.The amendments of modified FA and ZE were better than those of natural ZO.Coal FA,after modification,is a useful amendment for the remediation of heavy metals in the contaminated soil.
基金supported partially by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(0070/2019/A2)and National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant No.11701598,Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.2018WK4006)NSFC Projects No.11771371,and Key Project of Hunan Education Department No.18A056.
文摘In this paper,we propose a finite element time-domain(FETD)method for the Maxwell’s equations in chiral metamaterials(CMMs).The time-domain model equations are constructed by the auxiliary differential equations(ADEs)method.The source excitation method entitled total-field and scattered-field(TF/SF)decomposition technique is applied to FETD method for the first time in simulating the propagation of electromagnetic wave in CMMs,based on which a unified ADE-FETD-UPMLTF/SF scheme is proposed to simulate the wave in CMMs.The following properties of CMMs can be observed successfully from the numerical experiments based on our method,i.e.,the ability of the polarization rotation,and the negative phase velocity.The amplitude of reflected wave can effectively be controlled by the physical parameters of CMMs.
