Tinnitus can be described as the conscious perception of sound without external stimulation,and it is often accompanied by anxiety,depression,and insomnia.Current clinical treatments for tinnitus are ineffective.Altho...Tinnitus can be described as the conscious perception of sound without external stimulation,and it is often accompanied by anxiety,depression,and insomnia.Current clinical treatments for tinnitus are ineffective.Although recent studies have indicated that the caudateputamen nucleus may be a sensory gating area involved in noise elimination in tinnitus,the underlying mechanisms of this disorder are yet to be determined.To investigate the potential role of the caudate-putamen nucleus in experimentally induced tinnitus,we created a rat model of tinnitus induced by intraperitoneal administration of 350 mg/kg sodium salicylate.Our results revealed that the mean spontaneous firing rate of the caudate-putamen nucleus was increased by sodium salicylate treatment,while dopamine levels were decreased.In addition,electrical stimulation of the caudate-putamen nucleus markedly reduced the spontaneous firing rate of neurons in the primary auditory cortex.These findings suggest that the caudate-putamen nucleus plays a sensory gating role in sodium salicylate-induced tinnitus.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Peking University Health Science Center(approval No.A2010031)on December 6,2017.展开更多
Background：A single drilled tunnel from the lateral mastoid cortex to the cochlea via the facial recess is essential for minimally invasive cochlear implant surgery.This study aimed to explore the safety profile of t...Background：A single drilled tunnel from the lateral mastoid cortex to the cochlea via the facial recess is essential for minimally invasive cochlear implant surgery.This study aimed to explore the safety profile of this kind of new image-guided and bi-planar device-assisted surgery procedure in vitro.Methods：Image-guided minimally invasive cochlear implantations were performed on eight cadaveric temporal bone specimens.The main procedures were：（1） temporal bone specimens were prepared for surgery and fiducial markers were registered.（2） computed tomography （CT） scans were performed for future reference.（3） CT scan images were processed and drill path was planned to minimize cochlear damage.（4） bi-planar device-assisted drilling was performed on the specimens using the registration.（5） surgical safety was evaluated by calculating the deviation between the drill and the planned paths,and by measuring the closest distance between the drilled path and critical anatomic structures.Results：Eight cases were operated successfully to the basal turn of the cochlear with intact facial nerves （FNs）.The deviations from target points and entrance points were 0.86 mm （0.68-1.00 mm） and 0.44 mm （0.30-0.96 mm）,respectively.The angular error between the planned and the drilled trajectory was 1.74° （1.26-2.41°）.The mean distance from the edge of the drilled path to the FN and to the external canal was 0.60 mm （0.35-0.83 mm） and 1.60 mm （1.30-2.05 mm）,respectively.In five specimens,the chorda tympani nerves were well preserved.In all cases,no injury happened to auditory ossicles.Conclusions：This exploratory study demonstrated the safety of the newly developed image-guided minimally invasive cochlear implantation assisted by the bi-planar device and established the operational procedures.Further,more in vitro experiments are needed to improve the system operation and its safety.展开更多
To the Editor:Otogenic brain abscesses are one of the most severe complications of the suppurative otitis media.Although extensive use of antibiotics has significantly reduced the mortality and morbidity of otogenic b...To the Editor:Otogenic brain abscesses are one of the most severe complications of the suppurative otitis media.Although extensive use of antibiotics has significantly reduced the mortality and morbidity of otogenic brain abscesses over the past years,there are still substantial patient deaths due to cerebral hernia or brain abscess rupture.In these lethal cases,proper time and means to drain the abscess are very important for good outcomes.Herein,we describe the successful management of a young male patient with otogenic brain abscess and cerebral hernia using transmastoid middle skull base craniectomy and ultrasound-guided abscess aspiration.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the Chinese Version of the Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire(TPFQ).Methods:One hundred and sixteen patients who had been suffering from tinnitus for over 3 months w...Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the Chinese Version of the Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire(TPFQ).Methods:One hundred and sixteen patients who had been suffering from tinnitus for over 3 months were included in this study.Those tinnitus patients were administered the TPFQ,the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI),the Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Additionally,the magnitude estimate of tinnitus loudness,pure tone audiogram,and tinnitus matching was obtained.The factor structure was measured using the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test.The internal consistency was examined using Cronbach'sαcoefficient.The relationships between the TPFQ scores and other measurements were compared using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.Results:The Cronbach'sαof the 20-item version of TPFQ was 0.94,and that of the 12-item version of TPFQ was 0.92.Both the 20-and 12-item versions of TPFQ were significantly correlated with magnitude estimation of tinnitus loudness,THI,PSQI,BDI,and BAI.The average pure tone hearing threshold was significantly correlated with the hearing subscale.Conclusion:The 20-and 12-item Chinese versions of TPFQ are reliable and valid measures of tinnitus.The TPFQ can be applied to the assessment and management of tinnitus among the Chinese-speaking population.展开更多
Background： Tinnitus is a common disorder that causes significant morbidity; however, the neurophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood. A relationship between tinnitus and limbic system has been reported....Background： Tinnitus is a common disorder that causes significant morbidity; however, the neurophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood. A relationship between tinnitus and limbic system has been reported. As a significant component of the l imbic system, the hippocampus plays an important role in various pathological processes, such as emotional disturbance, decreased learning ability, and deterioration of memory. This study was aimed to explore the role of the hippocampus in the generation oftinnitus by electrophysiological technology. Methods： A tinnitus model was established in rats through intraperitoneal injection of salicylate （SA）. Subsequently, the spontaneous firing rate （SFR） of neurons in the hippocampal CAI area was recorded with in vivo multichannel recording technology to assess changes in excitability induced by SA. To investigate the effect of excitability changes ofhippocampus on the auditory pathway, the hippocampus was electrically stimulated and neural excitability in the auditory cortex （AC） was monitored. Results： Totally 65 neurons in the hippocampal CAI area were recorded, 45 from the SA group （n = 5）, and 20 from the saline group （n = 5）. Two hours after treatment, mean SFR of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area had significantly increased from 3.06 ± 0.36 Hz to 9.18 ±1.30 Hz in the SA group （t = -4.521, P 〈 0.05）, while no significant difference was observed in the saline group （2.66 ± 0.36 Hz vs. 2.16 ± 0.36 Hz, t = 0.902, P 〉 0.05）. In the AC, 79.3% （157/198） of recorded neurons showed responses to electrical stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 area. Presumed pyramidal neurons were excited, while intermediate neurons were inhibited after electrical stimulation of the hippocampus. Conclusions： The study shows that the hippocampus is excited in SA-induced tinnitus, and stimulation of hippocampus could modulate neuronal excitability of the AC. The hippocampus is involved in tinnitus and may also have a regulatory effect on the neural center.展开更多
To the Editor:Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA)is a rare but severe condition.Ceftriaxone,a third-generation cephalosporin with a wide antibacterial spectrum and effective antibacterial action,is one of the...To the Editor:Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA)is a rare but severe condition.Ceftriaxone,a third-generation cephalosporin with a wide antibacterial spectrum and effective antibacterial action,is one of the most common drugs causing DIIHA.^[1]Ceftriaxoneinduced immune hemolytic anemia (CIIHA)is a potentially fatal complication.^[2]Most of the patients were children.The reported fatality rate of CIIHA was as high as 40%.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.21790391(to LQM)and 81870727(to FRM).
文摘Tinnitus can be described as the conscious perception of sound without external stimulation,and it is often accompanied by anxiety,depression,and insomnia.Current clinical treatments for tinnitus are ineffective.Although recent studies have indicated that the caudateputamen nucleus may be a sensory gating area involved in noise elimination in tinnitus,the underlying mechanisms of this disorder are yet to be determined.To investigate the potential role of the caudate-putamen nucleus in experimentally induced tinnitus,we created a rat model of tinnitus induced by intraperitoneal administration of 350 mg/kg sodium salicylate.Our results revealed that the mean spontaneous firing rate of the caudate-putamen nucleus was increased by sodium salicylate treatment,while dopamine levels were decreased.In addition,electrical stimulation of the caudate-putamen nucleus markedly reduced the spontaneous firing rate of neurons in the primary auditory cortex.These findings suggest that the caudate-putamen nucleus plays a sensory gating role in sodium salicylate-induced tinnitus.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Peking University Health Science Center(approval No.A2010031)on December 6,2017.
文摘Background：A single drilled tunnel from the lateral mastoid cortex to the cochlea via the facial recess is essential for minimally invasive cochlear implant surgery.This study aimed to explore the safety profile of this kind of new image-guided and bi-planar device-assisted surgery procedure in vitro.Methods：Image-guided minimally invasive cochlear implantations were performed on eight cadaveric temporal bone specimens.The main procedures were：（1） temporal bone specimens were prepared for surgery and fiducial markers were registered.（2） computed tomography （CT） scans were performed for future reference.（3） CT scan images were processed and drill path was planned to minimize cochlear damage.（4） bi-planar device-assisted drilling was performed on the specimens using the registration.（5） surgical safety was evaluated by calculating the deviation between the drill and the planned paths,and by measuring the closest distance between the drilled path and critical anatomic structures.Results：Eight cases were operated successfully to the basal turn of the cochlear with intact facial nerves （FNs）.The deviations from target points and entrance points were 0.86 mm （0.68-1.00 mm） and 0.44 mm （0.30-0.96 mm）,respectively.The angular error between the planned and the drilled trajectory was 1.74° （1.26-2.41°）.The mean distance from the edge of the drilled path to the FN and to the external canal was 0.60 mm （0.35-0.83 mm） and 1.60 mm （1.30-2.05 mm）,respectively.In five specimens,the chorda tympani nerves were well preserved.In all cases,no injury happened to auditory ossicles.Conclusions：This exploratory study demonstrated the safety of the newly developed image-guided minimally invasive cochlear implantation assisted by the bi-planar device and established the operational procedures.Further,more in vitro experiments are needed to improve the system operation and its safety.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Peking University Third Hospital Clinical Project Fund(No.BYSY2017025)The China Capital Health Development Project(No.2016-2-4094).
文摘To the Editor:Otogenic brain abscesses are one of the most severe complications of the suppurative otitis media.Although extensive use of antibiotics has significantly reduced the mortality and morbidity of otogenic brain abscesses over the past years,there are still substantial patient deaths due to cerebral hernia or brain abscess rupture.In these lethal cases,proper time and means to drain the abscess are very important for good outcomes.Herein,we describe the successful management of a young male patient with otogenic brain abscess and cerebral hernia using transmastoid middle skull base craniectomy and ultrasound-guided abscess aspiration.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:81500783Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Grant/Award Number:6848901。
文摘Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the Chinese Version of the Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire(TPFQ).Methods:One hundred and sixteen patients who had been suffering from tinnitus for over 3 months were included in this study.Those tinnitus patients were administered the TPFQ,the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI),the Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Additionally,the magnitude estimate of tinnitus loudness,pure tone audiogram,and tinnitus matching was obtained.The factor structure was measured using the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test.The internal consistency was examined using Cronbach'sαcoefficient.The relationships between the TPFQ scores and other measurements were compared using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.Results:The Cronbach'sαof the 20-item version of TPFQ was 0.94,and that of the 12-item version of TPFQ was 0.92.Both the 20-and 12-item versions of TPFQ were significantly correlated with magnitude estimation of tinnitus loudness,THI,PSQI,BDI,and BAI.The average pure tone hearing threshold was significantly correlated with the hearing subscale.Conclusion:The 20-and 12-item Chinese versions of TPFQ are reliable and valid measures of tinnitus.The TPFQ can be applied to the assessment and management of tinnitus among the Chinese-speaking population.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 21272018 and No. 21372020）, Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation （No. 7082100）, and Capital Health Development and Scientific Research Projects （No. 2016-2-4094）.
文摘Background： Tinnitus is a common disorder that causes significant morbidity; however, the neurophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood. A relationship between tinnitus and limbic system has been reported. As a significant component of the l imbic system, the hippocampus plays an important role in various pathological processes, such as emotional disturbance, decreased learning ability, and deterioration of memory. This study was aimed to explore the role of the hippocampus in the generation oftinnitus by electrophysiological technology. Methods： A tinnitus model was established in rats through intraperitoneal injection of salicylate （SA）. Subsequently, the spontaneous firing rate （SFR） of neurons in the hippocampal CAI area was recorded with in vivo multichannel recording technology to assess changes in excitability induced by SA. To investigate the effect of excitability changes ofhippocampus on the auditory pathway, the hippocampus was electrically stimulated and neural excitability in the auditory cortex （AC） was monitored. Results： Totally 65 neurons in the hippocampal CAI area were recorded, 45 from the SA group （n = 5）, and 20 from the saline group （n = 5）. Two hours after treatment, mean SFR of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area had significantly increased from 3.06 ± 0.36 Hz to 9.18 ±1.30 Hz in the SA group （t = -4.521, P 〈 0.05）, while no significant difference was observed in the saline group （2.66 ± 0.36 Hz vs. 2.16 ± 0.36 Hz, t = 0.902, P 〉 0.05）. In the AC, 79.3% （157/198） of recorded neurons showed responses to electrical stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 area. Presumed pyramidal neurons were excited, while intermediate neurons were inhibited after electrical stimulation of the hippocampus. Conclusions： The study shows that the hippocampus is excited in SA-induced tinnitus, and stimulation of hippocampus could modulate neuronal excitability of the AC. The hippocampus is involved in tinnitus and may also have a regulatory effect on the neural center.
文摘To the Editor:Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA)is a rare but severe condition.Ceftriaxone,a third-generation cephalosporin with a wide antibacterial spectrum and effective antibacterial action,is one of the most common drugs causing DIIHA.^[1]Ceftriaxoneinduced immune hemolytic anemia (CIIHA)is a potentially fatal complication.^[2]Most of the patients were children.The reported fatality rate of CIIHA was as high as 40%.
