Two new 2-substituted thiazolidine-4（R）-carboxylic acids （TCAs）, 2-glusosaminal-TCA （GIcNH2Cys） and 2-N-acetyl-glueosanlinal-TCA （GlcNAeCys）, were synthesized. Their protective effects against liver toxicity i...Two new 2-substituted thiazolidine-4（R）-carboxylic acids （TCAs）, 2-glusosaminal-TCA （GIcNH2Cys） and 2-N-acetyl-glueosanlinal-TCA （GlcNAeCys）, were synthesized. Their protective effects against liver toxicity induced by acetaminophen （APAP） were investigated in a mice model. The resuits demonstrate that administration of TCAs （ i. p. , 800 mg/kg） 30 min after APAP challenge efficiently decrease ALF, AST, and LDH levels in liver. GlcNAcCys shows the best proteetive eftects, decreasing ALT, AST and LDH levels to 63%, 18.4% and 37% of the APAP group respectively. Comparison with the control showed that APAP greatly decreases total sulfhydlyl （T-SH） levels （43%）, non-protein hound sulfhydryl （NP-SH） levels （50%） and total antioxidative capabilities （57%） in the liver 24 hr after challenge. TCAs treatments 30min after APAP challenge significantly elevate sulfhydryl levels and total antioxidative capabilities. APAP administration also markedly （P 〈 0.05） increases liver lipid peroxidation to 1.65 and 1.17 times that of the control 4 hr and 24 hr after APAP administration respectively. TCAs treatments can inhibit lipid peroxidation as measured by decreased malondialdehyde （MDA） contents in liver. The histopathological results also further confirm the hepatoprotective effects of TCAs. In conclusion, our data show that TCAs, GleNAcCys particularly, have hepatoprotective anti antioxidant etfects.展开更多
免疫系统在肿瘤的治疗中有重要作用.以单克隆抗体为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂在抗肿瘤领域中取得了成功,改变了肿瘤治疗的格局.本文对细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4,CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡蛋...免疫系统在肿瘤的治疗中有重要作用.以单克隆抗体为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂在抗肿瘤领域中取得了成功,改变了肿瘤治疗的格局.本文对细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4,CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(programmed cell death protein 1 pathway,PD-1/PD-L1)通路、新型免疫检查点分子及相关免疫检查点抑制剂进行综述,总结了免疫检查点抑制剂的临床应用价值、免疫检查点抑制剂治疗带来的免疫相关不良反应.寻找优势人群、处理免疫相关不良反应、克服药物耐药,是目前该领域需要解决的问题.展开更多
A38-year-old woman was pregnant with a history of ~anhypopituitarism. In 2006, she underwent transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection with a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. The adenoma was not totally resected due ...A38-year-old woman was pregnant with a history of ~anhypopituitarism. In 2006, she underwent transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection with a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. The adenoma was not totally resected due to its location wrapping around the left internal carotid artery. The pathological diagnosis was growth hormone adenoma. In 2006, she was treated with 7 system radiosurgery and Somatostatin. Secondary glucose intolerance was diagnosed in 2007.展开更多
文摘Two new 2-substituted thiazolidine-4（R）-carboxylic acids （TCAs）, 2-glusosaminal-TCA （GIcNH2Cys） and 2-N-acetyl-glueosanlinal-TCA （GlcNAeCys）, were synthesized. Their protective effects against liver toxicity induced by acetaminophen （APAP） were investigated in a mice model. The resuits demonstrate that administration of TCAs （ i. p. , 800 mg/kg） 30 min after APAP challenge efficiently decrease ALF, AST, and LDH levels in liver. GlcNAcCys shows the best proteetive eftects, decreasing ALT, AST and LDH levels to 63%, 18.4% and 37% of the APAP group respectively. Comparison with the control showed that APAP greatly decreases total sulfhydlyl （T-SH） levels （43%）, non-protein hound sulfhydryl （NP-SH） levels （50%） and total antioxidative capabilities （57%） in the liver 24 hr after challenge. TCAs treatments 30min after APAP challenge significantly elevate sulfhydryl levels and total antioxidative capabilities. APAP administration also markedly （P 〈 0.05） increases liver lipid peroxidation to 1.65 and 1.17 times that of the control 4 hr and 24 hr after APAP administration respectively. TCAs treatments can inhibit lipid peroxidation as measured by decreased malondialdehyde （MDA） contents in liver. The histopathological results also further confirm the hepatoprotective effects of TCAs. In conclusion, our data show that TCAs, GleNAcCys particularly, have hepatoprotective anti antioxidant etfects.
文摘免疫系统在肿瘤的治疗中有重要作用.以单克隆抗体为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂在抗肿瘤领域中取得了成功,改变了肿瘤治疗的格局.本文对细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4,CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(programmed cell death protein 1 pathway,PD-1/PD-L1)通路、新型免疫检查点分子及相关免疫检查点抑制剂进行综述,总结了免疫检查点抑制剂的临床应用价值、免疫检查点抑制剂治疗带来的免疫相关不良反应.寻找优势人群、处理免疫相关不良反应、克服药物耐药,是目前该领域需要解决的问题.
文摘A38-year-old woman was pregnant with a history of ~anhypopituitarism. In 2006, she underwent transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection with a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. The adenoma was not totally resected due to its location wrapping around the left internal carotid artery. The pathological diagnosis was growth hormone adenoma. In 2006, she was treated with 7 system radiosurgery and Somatostatin. Secondary glucose intolerance was diagnosed in 2007.
