This study investigates the molecular complexities of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)-induced brain dysfunction,with a focus on the liver-intestine-brain axis and potential therapeutic interventions.The main ...This study investigates the molecular complexities of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)-induced brain dysfunction,with a focus on the liver-intestine-brain axis and potential therapeutic interventions.The main objectives include understanding critical microbiota shifts in NAFLD,exploring altered metabolites,and identifying key regulatory molecules influencing brain function.The methods employed encompassed 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)sequencing to scrutinize stool microbiota in NAFLD patients and healthy individuals,non-targeted metabolomics using LC-MS to uncover elevated levels of deoxycholic acid(DCA)in NAFLD mice,and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)to pinpoint the pivotal gene Hpgd in microglial cells and its downstream Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3)signaling pathway.Behavioral changes and brain function were assessed in NAFLD mice with and without fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)treatment,utilizing various assays and analyses.The results revealed significant differences in microbiota composition,with increased levels of Bacteroides in NAFLD patients.Additionally,elevated DCA levels were observed in NAFLD mice,and FMT treatment demonstrated efficacy in ameliorating liver function and brain dysfunction.Hpgd inhibition by DCA activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in microglial cells,leading to inflammatory activation,inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy,induction of neuronal apoptosis,and reduction in neuronal action potentials.This study elucidates the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying the liver-gut-brain axis in NAFLD,and the identification of increased DCA and the impact of JAK2/STAT3 signaling on microglial cells highlight potential therapeutic targets for addressing NAFLD-induced brain dysfunction.展开更多
小型轮廓封装(Small Outline Package,SOP)和球形阵列封装(Ball Grad Array,BGA)元件作为贴片机常用的贴装元件,在其制造过程中可能会由于材料适配、工艺精细程度等而出现引脚变形等缺陷,进而给焊接过程造成不良影响,甚至使芯片功能失...小型轮廓封装(Small Outline Package,SOP)和球形阵列封装(Ball Grad Array,BGA)元件作为贴片机常用的贴装元件,在其制造过程中可能会由于材料适配、工艺精细程度等而出现引脚变形等缺陷,进而给焊接过程造成不良影响,甚至使芯片功能失效。本研究以SOP和BGA元件为研究对象,提出一种结合图像融合差分、缺陷连通域标记和基于倾斜前后引脚外边缘中心点距离变化比对方法的多级引脚缺陷检测方法,以实现元件引脚缺陷的准确检测。实验结果表明,矩形引脚元件SOP和球形引脚元件BGA的总体检测准确率达到了95%以上,且缺陷检测的整体平均耗时均在100ms以内,满足贴片机检测系统要求,为相关行业贴片机的检测系统提供一定工程应用参考价值。展开更多
目的从实施者角度深入剖析整合式慢性病社区健康管理模式实施的促进和障碍因素,弥合转化差距,为政府部门提供政策建议。方法围绕常态化过程理论(normalization process theory,NPT)的四个结构(连贯性、认知参与、集体行动和反思性监测)...目的从实施者角度深入剖析整合式慢性病社区健康管理模式实施的促进和障碍因素,弥合转化差距,为政府部门提供政策建议。方法围绕常态化过程理论(normalization process theory,NPT)的四个结构(连贯性、认知参与、集体行动和反思性监测)制定定性访谈问卷,对上海市10个行政区11家社区卫生服务中心的40名专业人员进行访谈,利用NVivo12软件编码。结果共归纳出4个主题词、11个副主题词,分别为一致性(感知价值、了解并执行新模式的目的和愿景、新技能和新要求)、认知参与(实施者对新模式的态度、多部门共同参与)、集体行动(模式实施现况、团队成员的配合与协作、资源支撑)、反思性监测(数据易得性、共享实施进展和成效、人群标签化和个性化预警)。结论该模式在实施中面临服务目标不明晰、人员不固定、资源支撑力度不足等挑战,未来建议采取制定更为清晰的服务目标,提高对模式的认同感,加快推进服务人员的定岗定责,提高新模式与家庭医生的粘合度,加强主管部门与社区以及团队内部信息的披露与共享,提高实施者对数据的易得性和使用率,建立患者个案预警系统并对人群分级分类,加强政府投入等措施。展开更多
为了开发一种高效的锂吸附材料,从四川盆地页岩气废水(Shale Gas Wastewater,SGW)中回收锂资源,以应对电动汽车和储能行业对锂电池需求的急剧上升,研究通过固相反应合成H_(1.33)Mn_(1.67)O_(4)(HMO),并将壳聚糖(Chitosan,CTS)作为造粒剂...为了开发一种高效的锂吸附材料,从四川盆地页岩气废水(Shale Gas Wastewater,SGW)中回收锂资源,以应对电动汽车和储能行业对锂电池需求的急剧上升,研究通过固相反应合成H_(1.33)Mn_(1.67)O_(4)(HMO),并将壳聚糖(Chitosan,CTS)作为造粒剂,制备复合材料CTS/HMO。在SGW中,CTS/HMO对锂的吸附质量比达到7.83 mg/g,经5次吸附-解吸循环后吸附质量比仅下降1.25%,表现出较高的稳定性。动力学研究显示,准二级动力学模型更符合试验结果,表明吸附过程主要由化学吸附控制。等温吸附试验结果显示,CTS/HMO的吸附行为符合Langmuir模型,表明其为单层吸附。选择性试验进一步验证了CTS/HMO对锂的良好选择性,这归因于HMO尖晶石结构的离子筛效应。在固定床过滤试验中,流速为0.104 mL/min,床层总容积为7.7 cm^(3)时,该材料约在2950 min后达到饱和,显示出良好的吸附寿命;对不同流速下的固定床吸附进行Thomas模型拟合,结果显示较低流速下的吸附质量比较大。研究表明,CTS/HMO是一种具有良好前景的工业级锂吸附剂,适用于从SGW中提取锂资源,可为实现资源的可持续利用和环境保护提供新技术。展开更多
1.Introduction Changes in land use are key factors promoting global climate change,and the side effects of mining activity that destroy the soil,vegetation,and biodiversity lead to imbalanced carbon cycling in terrest...1.Introduction Changes in land use are key factors promoting global climate change,and the side effects of mining activity that destroy the soil,vegetation,and biodiversity lead to imbalanced carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.展开更多
Global population growth and rising standards of living are the driving factors for the cropland expansion to meet increasing demands.However,there is no clear assessment of the specific losses on ecosystem services c...Global population growth and rising standards of living are the driving factors for the cropland expansion to meet increasing demands.However,there is no clear assessment of the specific losses on ecosystem services caused by China's expansion of cropland to ensure food security at the cost of losing ecological land such as forests and grasslands.This study employed the ArcGIS platform and integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs(InVEST)model to explore the cropland expansion in China from 2000 to 2020 and its impact on ecosystem services,so as to predict the priority areas of future cropland expansion in different scenarios.The results indicated that in the past 20 years,the total area of cropland expansion in China was 17.04 million hm^(2)with 70.79% conversion from forests and grasslands.Cropland expansion has contributed to an overall improvement in the food supply services with the Northern Arid and Semi-Arid Region exhibiting an increase of 18.76×10^(6) tons,while concurrently leading to a decline in habitat quality services.The priority areas for future cropland expansion without ecological loss were found to be 1.42 million hm^(2),which only account for 9.44% of the total reclaimable land.To minimize the loss of ecosystem services,there is a need to adjust the cropland replenishment policies and provide an operational solution for global food security and ecological protection.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82200971)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(Grant No.:2023MD744267)Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Science and Technology,China(Grant Nos.:2023JH2/20200120 and 2022-MS-180).
文摘This study investigates the molecular complexities of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)-induced brain dysfunction,with a focus on the liver-intestine-brain axis and potential therapeutic interventions.The main objectives include understanding critical microbiota shifts in NAFLD,exploring altered metabolites,and identifying key regulatory molecules influencing brain function.The methods employed encompassed 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)sequencing to scrutinize stool microbiota in NAFLD patients and healthy individuals,non-targeted metabolomics using LC-MS to uncover elevated levels of deoxycholic acid(DCA)in NAFLD mice,and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)to pinpoint the pivotal gene Hpgd in microglial cells and its downstream Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3)signaling pathway.Behavioral changes and brain function were assessed in NAFLD mice with and without fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)treatment,utilizing various assays and analyses.The results revealed significant differences in microbiota composition,with increased levels of Bacteroides in NAFLD patients.Additionally,elevated DCA levels were observed in NAFLD mice,and FMT treatment demonstrated efficacy in ameliorating liver function and brain dysfunction.Hpgd inhibition by DCA activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in microglial cells,leading to inflammatory activation,inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy,induction of neuronal apoptosis,and reduction in neuronal action potentials.This study elucidates the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying the liver-gut-brain axis in NAFLD,and the identification of increased DCA and the impact of JAK2/STAT3 signaling on microglial cells highlight potential therapeutic targets for addressing NAFLD-induced brain dysfunction.
文摘小型轮廓封装(Small Outline Package,SOP)和球形阵列封装(Ball Grad Array,BGA)元件作为贴片机常用的贴装元件,在其制造过程中可能会由于材料适配、工艺精细程度等而出现引脚变形等缺陷,进而给焊接过程造成不良影响,甚至使芯片功能失效。本研究以SOP和BGA元件为研究对象,提出一种结合图像融合差分、缺陷连通域标记和基于倾斜前后引脚外边缘中心点距离变化比对方法的多级引脚缺陷检测方法,以实现元件引脚缺陷的准确检测。实验结果表明,矩形引脚元件SOP和球形引脚元件BGA的总体检测准确率达到了95%以上,且缺陷检测的整体平均耗时均在100ms以内,满足贴片机检测系统要求,为相关行业贴片机的检测系统提供一定工程应用参考价值。
文摘目的从实施者角度深入剖析整合式慢性病社区健康管理模式实施的促进和障碍因素,弥合转化差距,为政府部门提供政策建议。方法围绕常态化过程理论(normalization process theory,NPT)的四个结构(连贯性、认知参与、集体行动和反思性监测)制定定性访谈问卷,对上海市10个行政区11家社区卫生服务中心的40名专业人员进行访谈,利用NVivo12软件编码。结果共归纳出4个主题词、11个副主题词,分别为一致性(感知价值、了解并执行新模式的目的和愿景、新技能和新要求)、认知参与(实施者对新模式的态度、多部门共同参与)、集体行动(模式实施现况、团队成员的配合与协作、资源支撑)、反思性监测(数据易得性、共享实施进展和成效、人群标签化和个性化预警)。结论该模式在实施中面临服务目标不明晰、人员不固定、资源支撑力度不足等挑战,未来建议采取制定更为清晰的服务目标,提高对模式的认同感,加快推进服务人员的定岗定责,提高新模式与家庭医生的粘合度,加强主管部门与社区以及团队内部信息的披露与共享,提高实施者对数据的易得性和使用率,建立患者个案预警系统并对人群分级分类,加强政府投入等措施。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun dation of China(52374170 and 51974313)the National Key Research and Development Plan Project(2022YFF1303300).
文摘1.Introduction Changes in land use are key factors promoting global climate change,and the side effects of mining activity that destroy the soil,vegetation,and biodiversity lead to imbalanced carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52374170)the Major Special Projects of the Third Comprehensive Scientific Exploration in Xinjiang(Grant No.2022xjkk1005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.B230207001)。
文摘Global population growth and rising standards of living are the driving factors for the cropland expansion to meet increasing demands.However,there is no clear assessment of the specific losses on ecosystem services caused by China's expansion of cropland to ensure food security at the cost of losing ecological land such as forests and grasslands.This study employed the ArcGIS platform and integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs(InVEST)model to explore the cropland expansion in China from 2000 to 2020 and its impact on ecosystem services,so as to predict the priority areas of future cropland expansion in different scenarios.The results indicated that in the past 20 years,the total area of cropland expansion in China was 17.04 million hm^(2)with 70.79% conversion from forests and grasslands.Cropland expansion has contributed to an overall improvement in the food supply services with the Northern Arid and Semi-Arid Region exhibiting an increase of 18.76×10^(6) tons,while concurrently leading to a decline in habitat quality services.The priority areas for future cropland expansion without ecological loss were found to be 1.42 million hm^(2),which only account for 9.44% of the total reclaimable land.To minimize the loss of ecosystem services,there is a need to adjust the cropland replenishment policies and provide an operational solution for global food security and ecological protection.
