Despite remarkable advances in nanomedicine,localized delivery of advanced cancer therapeutics remains underexploited.Advanced therapies based on biopharmaceuticals,immunotherapy,or gene therapy have revolutionized on...Despite remarkable advances in nanomedicine,localized delivery of advanced cancer therapeutics remains underexploited.Advanced therapies based on biopharmaceuticals,immunotherapy,or gene therapy have revolutionized oncology.Yet,their systemic administration is often associated with limitations such as poor sitespecific accumulation,instability,and systemic toxicity.Hydrogels/macrogels offer the ability to encapsulate,protect,and release biomolecules in situ with sustained and stimulus-responsive profiles,addressing key translational gaps.This review provides a focused synthesis of the last five years of hydrogel-based research for cancer therapy,with emphasis on peptides,antibodies,immunotherapeutic agents,and gene delivery systems.We discuss design principles,release mechanisms,and clinical translation challenges,highlighting structure-function relationships and comparative performance across therapeutic classes.By integrating mechanistic insights with recent breakthroughs,we outline how next-generation hydrogels can synergize with personalized medicine and combination therapies to redefine localized cancer treatment.This work explores the fundamental aspects and provides examples of hydrogel-based delivery for the advanced treatment of cancer.The review summarizes the dynamic landscape of hydrogel research of the last 5 years,showcasing their potential systems for the precise delivery of biomolecules.Specifically,we explore the multidimensional role of hydrogels in the sustained and localized release of antibodies,immunotherapeutic agents,and genes as next-generation platforms for localized cancer treatment.This review aims to critically evaluate the mechanisms and applications of these systems in order to assess their potential to transform medical interventions and advance patient care.展开更多
Advanced cancer is still considered an incurable disease because of its metastatic spread to distal organs and progressive gain of chemoresistance.Even though considerable treatment progress and more effective therapi...Advanced cancer is still considered an incurable disease because of its metastatic spread to distal organs and progressive gain of chemoresistance.Even though considerable treatment progress and more effective therapies have been achieved over the past years,recurrence in the long-term and undesired side effects are still the main drawbacks of current clinical protocols.Moreover,a majority of chemotherapeutic drugs are highly hydrophobic and need to be diluted in organic solvents,which cause high toxicity,in order to reach effective therapeutic dose.These limitations of conventional cancer therapies prompted the use of nanomedicine,the medical application of nanotechnology,to provide more effective and safer cancer treatment.Potential of nanomedicines to overcome resistance,ameliorate solubility,improve pharmacological profile,and reduce adverse effects of chemotherapeutical drugs is thus highly regarded.Their use in the clinical setting has increased over the last decade.Among the various existing nanosystems,nanoparticles have the ability to transform conventional medicine by reducing the adverse effects and providing a controlled release of therapeutic agents.Also,their small size facilitates the intracellular uptake.Here,we provide a closer review of clinical prospects and mechanisms of action of nanomedicines to overcome drug resistance.The significance of specific targeting towards cancer cells is debated as well.展开更多
基金supported by the Vall d’Hebron Research Institute(PI23/01345)the Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering,Biomaterials,and Nanomedicine(CIBER-BBN),which is financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III(ISCIII)with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)+4 种基金supported by ANID FONDECYT REGULAR(Chile)through project No.1250634,and FOVI230019 granted to Esteban Duran-LaraDiana Rafael was supported by Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions(MSCA-PF ID 101107735),“La Caixa Foundation”(LCF/BQ/PR24/12050008),and ISCIII(PI24/00745)Fernanda Andrade was granted by the Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer(FCAECC Refs.INVES211530DASI and SNRGS247164DASI)“La Caixa Foundation”(HR24-00927).Júlia German-Cortés was granted by the 791 FAECC(PRDBA258393GERM)The authors also thank the denomination of Consolidated group from Generalitat de Catalunya(2021 SGR 01173)granted to the CB-DDT group。
文摘Despite remarkable advances in nanomedicine,localized delivery of advanced cancer therapeutics remains underexploited.Advanced therapies based on biopharmaceuticals,immunotherapy,or gene therapy have revolutionized oncology.Yet,their systemic administration is often associated with limitations such as poor sitespecific accumulation,instability,and systemic toxicity.Hydrogels/macrogels offer the ability to encapsulate,protect,and release biomolecules in situ with sustained and stimulus-responsive profiles,addressing key translational gaps.This review provides a focused synthesis of the last five years of hydrogel-based research for cancer therapy,with emphasis on peptides,antibodies,immunotherapeutic agents,and gene delivery systems.We discuss design principles,release mechanisms,and clinical translation challenges,highlighting structure-function relationships and comparative performance across therapeutic classes.By integrating mechanistic insights with recent breakthroughs,we outline how next-generation hydrogels can synergize with personalized medicine and combination therapies to redefine localized cancer treatment.This work explores the fundamental aspects and provides examples of hydrogel-based delivery for the advanced treatment of cancer.The review summarizes the dynamic landscape of hydrogel research of the last 5 years,showcasing their potential systems for the precise delivery of biomolecules.Specifically,we explore the multidimensional role of hydrogels in the sustained and localized release of antibodies,immunotherapeutic agents,and genes as next-generation platforms for localized cancer treatment.This review aims to critically evaluate the mechanisms and applications of these systems in order to assess their potential to transform medical interventions and advance patient care.
基金supported by grant(PI17/02242 and PI20/01474)from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias(FIS)of Instituto Carlos III(ISCIII),co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund(FEDER)EvoNano project,funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 FET Open programme under grant agreement(800983).
文摘Advanced cancer is still considered an incurable disease because of its metastatic spread to distal organs and progressive gain of chemoresistance.Even though considerable treatment progress and more effective therapies have been achieved over the past years,recurrence in the long-term and undesired side effects are still the main drawbacks of current clinical protocols.Moreover,a majority of chemotherapeutic drugs are highly hydrophobic and need to be diluted in organic solvents,which cause high toxicity,in order to reach effective therapeutic dose.These limitations of conventional cancer therapies prompted the use of nanomedicine,the medical application of nanotechnology,to provide more effective and safer cancer treatment.Potential of nanomedicines to overcome resistance,ameliorate solubility,improve pharmacological profile,and reduce adverse effects of chemotherapeutical drugs is thus highly regarded.Their use in the clinical setting has increased over the last decade.Among the various existing nanosystems,nanoparticles have the ability to transform conventional medicine by reducing the adverse effects and providing a controlled release of therapeutic agents.Also,their small size facilitates the intracellular uptake.Here,we provide a closer review of clinical prospects and mechanisms of action of nanomedicines to overcome drug resistance.The significance of specific targeting towards cancer cells is debated as well.
