Rose(Rosa hybrida)plants are major ornamental species worldwide,and their commercial value greatly depends on their open flowers,as both the quality of fully open petals and long vase life are important.Petal senescen...Rose(Rosa hybrida)plants are major ornamental species worldwide,and their commercial value greatly depends on their open flowers,as both the quality of fully open petals and long vase life are important.Petal senescence can be started and accelerated by various hormone signals,and ethylene is considered an accelerator of petal senescence in rose.To date,however,the underlying mechanism of signaling crosstalk between ethylene and other hormones such as JA in petal senescence remains largely unknown.Here,we isolated RhMYB108,an R2R3-MYB transcription factor,which is highly expressed in senescing petals as well as in petals treated with exogenous ethylene and JA.Applications of exogenous ethylene and JA markedly accelerated petal senescence,while the process was delayed in response to applications of 1-MCP,an ethylene action inhibitor.In addition,silencing of RhMYB108 alter the expression of SAGs such as RhNAC029,RhNAC053,RhNAC092,RhSAG12,and RhSAG113,and finally block ethylene-and JA-induced petal senescence.Furthermore,RhMYB108 was identified to target the promoters of RhNAC053,RhNAC092,and RhSAG113.Our results reveal a model in which RhMYB108 functions as a receptor of ethylene and JA signals to modulate the onset of petal senescence by targeting and enhancing senescence-associated gene expression.展开更多
After publication of our article[1],we became aware that there were errors in Fig.7b,namely the negative control of pLacZi+pJG4-5-RhMYB108(2nd row,panel 1).The error does not affect the result,discussion or conclusion...After publication of our article[1],we became aware that there were errors in Fig.7b,namely the negative control of pLacZi+pJG4-5-RhMYB108(2nd row,panel 1).The error does not affect the result,discussion or conclusion in the article.The correct version of Figure is shown below.We apologise to the journal and to readers for this error.展开更多
FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)is an important factor for integrating flowering signals through the photoperiod pathway,which significantly promotes flowering.Most chrysanthemum varieties are short-day plants,sensitive to the p...FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)is an important factor for integrating flowering signals through the photoperiod pathway,which significantly promotes flowering.Most chrysanthemum varieties are short-day plants,sensitive to the photoperiod,which limits their ornamental and annual production supply.In this study,we aim to analyze the nutrients and flowering-related genes of chrysanthemums with different photoperiod types and to clone and verify the function of the flowering-related gene CmFT.We found that the formation of floral buds requires the accumulation of starch while consuming soluble sugars and the expression patterns of flowering-related genes GIGANTEA(GI),CONSTANS(CO),and FT in C.morifolium‘Zilian’and C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’had a certain synchronization during floral buds differentiation according to our quantitative validation,and the expression levels of CmGI,CmCO and CmFT in C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’were higher than those in C.morifolium.‘Zilian’in the later stage of differentiation.CmFT was cloned from photosensitive chrysanthemums-C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’and polypeptide alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that CmFT was clustered in FT-like subfamily.In further functional verification,we obtained two Arabidopsis transgenic lines.Our results showed that CmFT transgenic ft mutant lines can significantly accelerate flowering in Arabidopsis.Thus,we can initially confirm that CmFT plays an important role in promoting flowering,which may be the key reason for the photosensitivity of C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’.Overall,the results of this study are of great importance in revealing the flowering mechanism of different photoperiod types of chrysanthemums.展开更多
Exploration and development of volcanic gas reservoirs is a world-class problem,and less experience can be learned at home and abroad.Through study of reservoir-forming conditions of Xushen gas field,four sets of hydr...Exploration and development of volcanic gas reservoirs is a world-class problem,and less experience can be learned at home and abroad.Through study of reservoir-forming conditions of Xushen gas field,four sets of hydrocarbon source rocks,mainly mudstone and coal seam of Shahezi Formation,are identified in this gas field;its cap rocks are mudstone in Member 2 of Denglouku Formation,and Member 1 and Member 2 of Quantou Formation.By simulating reservoir-forming history,four filling periods of the Xushen gas field are determined,and the most favorable exploration targets are crater areas with structural highs,large thickness and good physical properties.On the basis of diagenetic mechanism study,the criteria of sequence series,lithology identification and reservoir types of gas reservoirs have been established;the volcanic rock bodies have been carefully depicted and the distribution laws of effective reservoirs of gas pools have been figured out.Based on evaluating reservoir-permeability characteristics of reservoirs,the gas well productivity characteristics(mainly type II,III and IV wells)have been identified,and the optimum design technology for volcanic gas reservoir development has been developed.The gas reservoirs in all blocks of Xushen gas field are classified into three types:singlebody gas reservoir model,disconnected multi-body gas reservoir model and interconnected multi-body gas reservoir model.Stimulation technologies,including multi-layer fracturing of vertical well,staged fracturing of open-hole horizontal well and volume fracturing,have been developed.According to gas well production performance,pressure change,well-controlled reserves and spatial distribution of volcanic bodies,combined with numerical simulation and prediction of gas reservoirs,the evaluation method of residual potential of volcanic gas reservoirs has been formed.Key technologies for effective exploration and development of complex volcanic gas reservoirs have been established and perfected,and bring good development effect.The research results can provide guidance and reference for exploration and development of similar gas reservoirs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31572162 and 31902054)the School Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic(No.601822K27003).
文摘Rose(Rosa hybrida)plants are major ornamental species worldwide,and their commercial value greatly depends on their open flowers,as both the quality of fully open petals and long vase life are important.Petal senescence can be started and accelerated by various hormone signals,and ethylene is considered an accelerator of petal senescence in rose.To date,however,the underlying mechanism of signaling crosstalk between ethylene and other hormones such as JA in petal senescence remains largely unknown.Here,we isolated RhMYB108,an R2R3-MYB transcription factor,which is highly expressed in senescing petals as well as in petals treated with exogenous ethylene and JA.Applications of exogenous ethylene and JA markedly accelerated petal senescence,while the process was delayed in response to applications of 1-MCP,an ethylene action inhibitor.In addition,silencing of RhMYB108 alter the expression of SAGs such as RhNAC029,RhNAC053,RhNAC092,RhSAG12,and RhSAG113,and finally block ethylene-and JA-induced petal senescence.Furthermore,RhMYB108 was identified to target the promoters of RhNAC053,RhNAC092,and RhSAG113.Our results reveal a model in which RhMYB108 functions as a receptor of ethylene and JA signals to modulate the onset of petal senescence by targeting and enhancing senescence-associated gene expression.
文摘After publication of our article[1],we became aware that there were errors in Fig.7b,namely the negative control of pLacZi+pJG4-5-RhMYB108(2nd row,panel 1).The error does not affect the result,discussion or conclusion in the article.The correct version of Figure is shown below.We apologise to the journal and to readers for this error.
基金the Major Technological Innovation of Guangdong Province of China,Grant Number 2020B020220009the Science and Technology Projects,Grant Number 202201011833.
文摘FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)is an important factor for integrating flowering signals through the photoperiod pathway,which significantly promotes flowering.Most chrysanthemum varieties are short-day plants,sensitive to the photoperiod,which limits their ornamental and annual production supply.In this study,we aim to analyze the nutrients and flowering-related genes of chrysanthemums with different photoperiod types and to clone and verify the function of the flowering-related gene CmFT.We found that the formation of floral buds requires the accumulation of starch while consuming soluble sugars and the expression patterns of flowering-related genes GIGANTEA(GI),CONSTANS(CO),and FT in C.morifolium‘Zilian’and C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’had a certain synchronization during floral buds differentiation according to our quantitative validation,and the expression levels of CmGI,CmCO and CmFT in C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’were higher than those in C.morifolium.‘Zilian’in the later stage of differentiation.CmFT was cloned from photosensitive chrysanthemums-C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’and polypeptide alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that CmFT was clustered in FT-like subfamily.In further functional verification,we obtained two Arabidopsis transgenic lines.Our results showed that CmFT transgenic ft mutant lines can significantly accelerate flowering in Arabidopsis.Thus,we can initially confirm that CmFT plays an important role in promoting flowering,which may be the key reason for the photosensitivity of C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’.Overall,the results of this study are of great importance in revealing the flowering mechanism of different photoperiod types of chrysanthemums.
基金The work was supported by the Major Project of PetroChina Company Limited(No.110017333011).
文摘Exploration and development of volcanic gas reservoirs is a world-class problem,and less experience can be learned at home and abroad.Through study of reservoir-forming conditions of Xushen gas field,four sets of hydrocarbon source rocks,mainly mudstone and coal seam of Shahezi Formation,are identified in this gas field;its cap rocks are mudstone in Member 2 of Denglouku Formation,and Member 1 and Member 2 of Quantou Formation.By simulating reservoir-forming history,four filling periods of the Xushen gas field are determined,and the most favorable exploration targets are crater areas with structural highs,large thickness and good physical properties.On the basis of diagenetic mechanism study,the criteria of sequence series,lithology identification and reservoir types of gas reservoirs have been established;the volcanic rock bodies have been carefully depicted and the distribution laws of effective reservoirs of gas pools have been figured out.Based on evaluating reservoir-permeability characteristics of reservoirs,the gas well productivity characteristics(mainly type II,III and IV wells)have been identified,and the optimum design technology for volcanic gas reservoir development has been developed.The gas reservoirs in all blocks of Xushen gas field are classified into three types:singlebody gas reservoir model,disconnected multi-body gas reservoir model and interconnected multi-body gas reservoir model.Stimulation technologies,including multi-layer fracturing of vertical well,staged fracturing of open-hole horizontal well and volume fracturing,have been developed.According to gas well production performance,pressure change,well-controlled reserves and spatial distribution of volcanic bodies,combined with numerical simulation and prediction of gas reservoirs,the evaluation method of residual potential of volcanic gas reservoirs has been formed.Key technologies for effective exploration and development of complex volcanic gas reservoirs have been established and perfected,and bring good development effect.The research results can provide guidance and reference for exploration and development of similar gas reservoirs.
