Surveillance of the Avian influenza virus serves as the first line of defense,encompassing monitoring of both animals and environment.These approaches vary across countries due to differences in epidemiology and publi...Surveillance of the Avian influenza virus serves as the first line of defense,encompassing monitoring of both animals and environment.These approaches vary across countries due to differences in epidemiology and public health policies.We conducted an eight-year active surveillance program in the Poyang Lake region,a critical wintering site along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway,to investigate the correlation between poultry and environmental samples.From February 2017 to June 2024,7570 poultry and environmental samples were collected and tested in Nanchang,the largest city in the Poyang Lake region,revealing an overall avian influenza positivity rate of 40.1%.In 2017,the poultry and environmental positivity rates were 16.9%and 15.5%,respectively.By 2024,these rates had risen to 69.4%and 77.7%,respectively,with significant and consistent annual increases observed in both environmental and poultry samples.Specifically,in poultry surveillance,chickens(54.2%)showed higher overall AIV positivity rates compared to ducks(30.6%),and oropharyngeal swabs(45.5%)demonstrated greater sensitivity than cloacal swabs(22.3%).Analysis of environmental samples revealed that,compared with smear samples(39.0%)and fecal samples(30.9%),sewage samples(46.5%)exhibit superior sensitivity.Correlation and wavelet coherence analyses revealed a significant relationship between environmental and poultry samples.In scenarios where poultry sampling is unavailable,environmental surveillance can complement and potentially serve as an alternative to poultry surveillance.展开更多
Clinical surveillance for respiratory pathogens has traditionally been challenging in lowresource settings,such as Western China.A low-cost wastewater monitoring network offers an alternative solution.To explore this,...Clinical surveillance for respiratory pathogens has traditionally been challenging in lowresource settings,such as Western China.A low-cost wastewater monitoring network offers an alternative solution.To explore this,we first compared the sensitivity of a MeltArray-based qPCR assay,which detects 25 respiratory pathogens,with singleplex qPCR using both mock and real wastewater samples.We then employed this MeltArray assay to detect these respiratory pathogens in wastewater from a low-income region in Xi’an city from September 2023 to January 2024.Following this,qPCR and MLST were employed to quantify the dynamics of positive respiratory pathogens and confirm their genotypes.Results showed unusual surges in sewage influenza A virus(IAV)and adenovirus levels starting in October 2023,persisting until late December.Additionally,influenza B virus(IBV)outbreaks were identified beginning in late December.These findings matched the positivity rates reported by a sentinel hospital.For coronaviruses,HCoV-229E/OC43 were consistently detected in wastewater,while SARS-CoV-2 was occasionally found.The qPCR assays revealed continuous increases in sewage Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae concentrations since September,both peaking in October.Genotyping confirmed the circulation of specific bacterial genotypes in the region.Therefore,to the best of our knowledge,this study is possibly the first to evaluate the efficacy of qPCR assays for wastewater monitoring of respiratory bacterial pathogens.Thus,these findings provide significant insights into the co-circulation of various respiratory pathogens during the autumn and winter of 2023,thereby suggesting that wastewater surveillance could be a powerful tool for the early warning of respiratory diseases.展开更多
To monitor the presence of enteric pathogens in imported seafood,a total of 140 seafood samples imported from eight overseas countries were collected from Beijing,Dalian,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Wuhan seafood markets fr...To monitor the presence of enteric pathogens in imported seafood,a total of 140 seafood samples imported from eight overseas countries were collected from Beijing,Dalian,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Wuhan seafood markets from June to November 2019.Additionally,116 viral,environmental swab samples were also collected from the Wuhan and Guangzhou seafood markets.Five typical enteric bacterial pathogens(Aeromonas spp.,Shigella spp.,Salmonella spp.,Vibrio spp.,and Listeria monocytogenes)and four viruses(Rotavirus,Norovirus,Astrovirus,and Sapovirus)were detected positive.Results showed that eight Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates appeared in seafood imported to Dalian,Wuhan,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Beijing.In contrast,Vibrio fluvialis and Aeromonas were isolated in another two samples.Norovirus was detected in one oyster sample imported from France and environmental surface in Guangzhou.The remaining pathogens were negative in all the samples being tested.With 120 V.parahaemolyticus isolates from the above countries,the genomic analysis revealed that sequence type ST1152 isolates imported from Canada were clustered with two V.parahaemolyticus isolates from Canada.This study presented the first microbiological analysis of the Wuhan seafood market before the outbreak of COVID-19,which demonstrated that supervision should be strengthened to prevent enteric pathogens via imported seafood.展开更多
基金supported by the Self-supporting Program of Guangzhou Laboratory(SRPG22-007)Jiangxi Provincial Key Research and Development Program(20232BBG70020)+1 种基金International Science and Technology Cooperation Project(20244BDF60008)the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission(202510743).
文摘Surveillance of the Avian influenza virus serves as the first line of defense,encompassing monitoring of both animals and environment.These approaches vary across countries due to differences in epidemiology and public health policies.We conducted an eight-year active surveillance program in the Poyang Lake region,a critical wintering site along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway,to investigate the correlation between poultry and environmental samples.From February 2017 to June 2024,7570 poultry and environmental samples were collected and tested in Nanchang,the largest city in the Poyang Lake region,revealing an overall avian influenza positivity rate of 40.1%.In 2017,the poultry and environmental positivity rates were 16.9%and 15.5%,respectively.By 2024,these rates had risen to 69.4%and 77.7%,respectively,with significant and consistent annual increases observed in both environmental and poultry samples.Specifically,in poultry surveillance,chickens(54.2%)showed higher overall AIV positivity rates compared to ducks(30.6%),and oropharyngeal swabs(45.5%)demonstrated greater sensitivity than cloacal swabs(22.3%).Analysis of environmental samples revealed that,compared with smear samples(39.0%)and fecal samples(30.9%),sewage samples(46.5%)exhibit superior sensitivity.Correlation and wavelet coherence analyses revealed a significant relationship between environmental and poultry samples.In scenarios where poultry sampling is unavailable,environmental surveillance can complement and potentially serve as an alternative to poultry surveillance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81903372 and 82172312)the Open fund of National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(China)(No.2024NITFID310).
文摘Clinical surveillance for respiratory pathogens has traditionally been challenging in lowresource settings,such as Western China.A low-cost wastewater monitoring network offers an alternative solution.To explore this,we first compared the sensitivity of a MeltArray-based qPCR assay,which detects 25 respiratory pathogens,with singleplex qPCR using both mock and real wastewater samples.We then employed this MeltArray assay to detect these respiratory pathogens in wastewater from a low-income region in Xi’an city from September 2023 to January 2024.Following this,qPCR and MLST were employed to quantify the dynamics of positive respiratory pathogens and confirm their genotypes.Results showed unusual surges in sewage influenza A virus(IAV)and adenovirus levels starting in October 2023,persisting until late December.Additionally,influenza B virus(IBV)outbreaks were identified beginning in late December.These findings matched the positivity rates reported by a sentinel hospital.For coronaviruses,HCoV-229E/OC43 were consistently detected in wastewater,while SARS-CoV-2 was occasionally found.The qPCR assays revealed continuous increases in sewage Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae concentrations since September,both peaking in October.Genotyping confirmed the circulation of specific bacterial genotypes in the region.Therefore,to the best of our knowledge,this study is possibly the first to evaluate the efficacy of qPCR assays for wastewater monitoring of respiratory bacterial pathogens.Thus,these findings provide significant insights into the co-circulation of various respiratory pathogens during the autumn and winter of 2023,thereby suggesting that wastewater surveillance could be a powerful tool for the early warning of respiratory diseases.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81903372)Youth project from the Educational Commission of Liaoning Province of China(QL202005)+1 种基金Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province,China(20202BBGL73053)National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFC1200103)supported this research.
文摘To monitor the presence of enteric pathogens in imported seafood,a total of 140 seafood samples imported from eight overseas countries were collected from Beijing,Dalian,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Wuhan seafood markets from June to November 2019.Additionally,116 viral,environmental swab samples were also collected from the Wuhan and Guangzhou seafood markets.Five typical enteric bacterial pathogens(Aeromonas spp.,Shigella spp.,Salmonella spp.,Vibrio spp.,and Listeria monocytogenes)and four viruses(Rotavirus,Norovirus,Astrovirus,and Sapovirus)were detected positive.Results showed that eight Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates appeared in seafood imported to Dalian,Wuhan,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Beijing.In contrast,Vibrio fluvialis and Aeromonas were isolated in another two samples.Norovirus was detected in one oyster sample imported from France and environmental surface in Guangzhou.The remaining pathogens were negative in all the samples being tested.With 120 V.parahaemolyticus isolates from the above countries,the genomic analysis revealed that sequence type ST1152 isolates imported from Canada were clustered with two V.parahaemolyticus isolates from Canada.This study presented the first microbiological analysis of the Wuhan seafood market before the outbreak of COVID-19,which demonstrated that supervision should be strengthened to prevent enteric pathogens via imported seafood.
