Feeding and molting are particularly important physiological processes for insects,and it has been reported that neuropeptides are involved in the nervous regulation of these 2 processes.Sulfakinin(SK)is an important ...Feeding and molting are particularly important physiological processes for insects,and it has been reported that neuropeptides are involved in the nervous regulation of these 2 processes.Sulfakinin(SK)is an important neuropeptide that is widely distributed among insects and plays a pivotal role in regulating feeding,courtship,aggression,and locomotion.In this study,we investigated the involvement of SK in feeding and molting on a highly notorious pest insect,the fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda.SK transcript levels were found in all larval stages and there was a predominant expression of SK in the brain of 5th instar larvae.By immunostaining,SK was detected in 2 pairs of cells in the median protocerebrum.But during prolonged periods of starvation,there was a significant reduction in SK messenger RNA levels;however,subsequent refeeding led to a notable increase.To investigate the role of SK in feeding and molting,SK was silenced in S.frugiperda larvae through RNA interference.This resulted in a significant increase in food intake,weight gain,and the molting process happened more rapidly in the double-stranded SK-treated larvae compared to the controls.Conversely,injection of sulfated SK peptide(sSK)caused opposite effects.Interestingly,SK-knockdown in larvae resulted in increased levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone and also of the expression of some of it signaling pathway genes.Altogether,this study highlights the important role played by SK in regulating feeding and molting in S.frugiperda.展开更多
To enhance the anesthetic efficacy of propofol while mitigating its systemic toxicity and irreversible developmental neurotoxicity, we developed a strategy leveraging the neuroprotective effects of baicalin in combina...To enhance the anesthetic efficacy of propofol while mitigating its systemic toxicity and irreversible developmental neurotoxicity, we developed a strategy leveraging the neuroprotective effects of baicalin in combination with propofol anesthesia via baicalinbased nanocomposites. High propofol-loaded porous Baicalin-Fe(Ⅲ) infinite coordination polymer@propofol nanocomposites were synthesized, wherein baicalin coordinates with Fe3+ ions to form porous nanoparticles that encapsulate propofol within a core-shell structure. These nanocomposites exhibited an average diameter of 92.3 ± 10.2 nm and a pore volume of 0.322 cm^(3)/g, achieving ultra-high propofol loading(~62%) with no detectable leakage over 100 d, attributed to their large surface area and strong molecular interactions.When combined with focused ultrasound(FUS) and microbubbles, the effective dose(ED_(50))of propofol decreased from 10 to 4.3 mg/kg, doubling the duration of anesthesia and extending the therapeutic window by 200%. Importantly, the therapeutic index improved1.66-fold while vital physiological parameters remained stable. Histological analyses revealed an 80% reduction in neuronal injury compared to free propofol, and behavioral tests demonstrated significant enhancements in motor and cognitive performance, alongside recovery from propofol-induced irreversible developmental neurotoxicity, indicating effective neuroprotection. Collectively, this baicalin-propofol nanocomposite, coupled with FUS-mediated delivery, represents a promising approach for safe and long-term anesthesia in clinical applications.展开更多
Antimony smelting activities damage the soil and vegetation surroundings while generating economic value.However,no standardizedmethods are available to diagnose the extent of soil degradation at antimony smelting sit...Antimony smelting activities damage the soil and vegetation surroundings while generating economic value.However,no standardizedmethods are available to diagnose the extent of soil degradation at antimony smelting sites.This study developed a standardized framework for assessing soil quality by consideringmicrobial-induced resilience and heavymetal contamination at Xikuangshan antimony smelting site.The soil resilience index(SRI)and soil contamination index(SCI)were calculated byMinimum Data Set and geo-accumulation model,respectively.After standardized by a multi-criteria quantitative procedure of modified Nemerow’s pollution index(NPI),the integrated assessment of soil quality index(SQI),which is the minimumof SRINPI and SCINPI,was achieved.The results showed that Sb and As were the prominent metal(loid)pollutants,and significant correlations between SQI and SRI indicated that the poor soil quality was mainly caused by the low level of soil resilience.The primary limiting factors of SRI were Fungi in high andmiddle contaminated areas,and Skermanella in low contaminated area,suggesting that the weak soil resilience was caused by low specific microbial abundances.Microbial regulation and phytoremediation are greatly required to improve the soil quality at antimony smelting sites from the perspectives of pollution control and resilience improvement.This study improves our understanding of ecological effects of antimony smelting sites and provides a theoretical basis for ecological restoration and sustainable development of mining areas.展开更多
Natural product-based drug combinations(NPDCs)present distinctive advantages in treating complex diseases.While high-throughput screening(HTS)and conventional computational methods have partially accelerated synergist...Natural product-based drug combinations(NPDCs)present distinctive advantages in treating complex diseases.While high-throughput screening(HTS)and conventional computational methods have partially accelerated synergistic drug combination discovery,their applications remain constrained by experimental data fragmentation,high costs,and extensive combinatorial space.Recent developments in artificial intelligence(AI),encompassing traditional machine learning and deep learning algorithms,have been extensively applied in NPDC identification.Through the integration of multi-source heterogeneous data and autonomous feature extraction,prediction accuracy has markedly improved,offering a robust technical approach for novel NPDC discovery.This review comprehensively examines recent advances in AI-driven NPDC prediction,presents relevant data resources and algorithmic frameworks,and evaluates current limitations and future prospects.AI methodologies are anticipated to substantially expedite NPDC discovery and inform experimental validation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Regulator of G protein signaling(RGS)proteins participate in tumor formation and metastasis by acting on theα-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins.The speci-fic effect of RGS,particularly RGS4,on the progr...BACKGROUND Regulator of G protein signaling(RGS)proteins participate in tumor formation and metastasis by acting on theα-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins.The speci-fic effect of RGS,particularly RGS4,on the progression of gastric cancer(GC)is not yet clear.AIM To explore the role and underlying mechanisms of action of RGS4 in GC develop-ment.METHODS The prognostic significance of RGS4 in GC was analyzed using bioinformatics based public databases and verified by immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 90 patients with GC.Function assays were employed to assess the carcinogenic impact of RGS4,and the mechanism of its possible influence was detected by western blot analysis.A nude mouse xenograft model was established to study the effects of RGS4 on GC growth in vitro.RESULTS RGS4 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal tissues.Elevated RGS4 expression was correlated with increased tumor-node-metastasis stage,increased tumor grade as well as poorer overall survival in patients with GC.Cell experiments demonstrated that RGS4 knockdown suppressed GC cell proliferation,migration and invasion.Similarly,xenograft experiments confirmed that RGS4 silencing significantly inhibited tumor growth.Moreover,RGS4 knockdown resulted in reduced phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase,phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase,and protein kinase B,decreased vimentin and N-cadherin,and elevated E-cadherin.CONCLUSION High RGS4 expression in GC indicates a worse prognosis and RGS4 is a prognostic marker.RGS4 influences tumor progression via the focal adhesion kinase/phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.展开更多
Drug development is a complex and time-consuming endeavor that traditionally relies on the experience of drug developers and trial-and-error experimentation[1,2].The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,p...Drug development is a complex and time-consuming endeavor that traditionally relies on the experience of drug developers and trial-and-error experimentation[1,2].The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,particularly emerging generative AI and large language model,is reshaping this traditional paradigm,offering new avenues for efficiency,precision,and innovation[3].In this special issue,we present an overview of AI applications across the entire drug development workflow.Topics include novel molecule generation,drug–target and drug–drug interaction network prediction,molecular property optimization,pharmaceutical research,and related areas.展开更多
Inspired by the X(4140)structure reported in the J/ψφsystem by the CDF experiment in 2009,a series of searches have been carried out in theJ/ψφand J/ψK channels,leading to the claim of ten structures in the B→J...Inspired by the X(4140)structure reported in the J/ψφsystem by the CDF experiment in 2009,a series of searches have been carried out in theJ/ψφand J/ψK channels,leading to the claim of ten structures in the B→J/ψφK system.This article provides a comprehensive review of experimental developments,from the initial evidence of X(4140)at CDF to the amplitude analyses and diffractive process investigations by the LHCb experiment,as well as theoretical interpretations of these states.A triplet of J^(PC)=1++states with relatively large mass splittings[about 200MeV(natural units are adopted)]has been identified in the J/ψφsystem by LHCb.Their mass-squared values align approximately linearly with a possible radial quantum number,suggesting that the triplet may represent a radially excited family.For X(4140),the first state in the triplet,its width reported by LHCb is inconsistent with that measured by other experiments,and possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.A potential connection between an excess at 4.35 GeV in the J/ψφmass spectrum reported by the Belle experiment through a two-photon process and a potential spin-2 excess in the LHCb data is also investigated.In addition,potential parallels between the J/ψφand J/ψJ/ψsystems,both composed of two vector mesons,are discussed.The continued interest in,and complexity of,these systems underscore the necessity of further experimental exploration with increased statistical precision across a variety of experiments,particularly those with relatively flat efficiency across the Dalitz plot.The J/ψω,φφ,ρω,andρφsystems are mentioned,and the prospects for the J/ψγandγγsystems,are also highlighted.展开更多
Drug discovery is a complex and highly systematic process encompassing multiple critical stages,including target identification,bioactive molecule discovery,preclinical research,clinical trials,regulatory review,post-...Drug discovery is a complex and highly systematic process encompassing multiple critical stages,including target identification,bioactive molecule discovery,preclinical research,clinical trials,regulatory review,post-marketing surveillance,and others[1].This process typically spans many years and is often accompanied by high failure rates and substantial resource consumption.In recent years,driven by large amounts of biomedical data,artificial intelligence(AI)has begun to reshape every stage of drug discovery[2].Particularly,by integrating diverse,high-dimensional datasets with powerful predictive and generative models.展开更多
The connectivity of shale pores and the occurrence of movable oil in shales have long been the focus of research.In this study,samples from wells BX7 and BYY2 in the Eq3^4-10 cyclothem of Qianjiang Formation in the Qi...The connectivity of shale pores and the occurrence of movable oil in shales have long been the focus of research.In this study,samples from wells BX7 and BYY2 in the Eq3^4-10 cyclothem of Qianjiang Formation in the Qianjiang depression,were analyzed.A double mercury injection method was used to distinguish between invalid and effective connected pores.The pore characteristics for occurrence of retained hydrocarbons and movable shale oil were identified by comparing pore changes in low temperature nitrogen adsorption and high pressure mercury injection experiments before and after extraction and the change in the mercury injection amounts in the pores between two separate mercury injections.The results show that less than 50%of the total connected pores in the Eq34-10 cyclothem samples are effective.The development of effective connected pores affects the mobility of shale oil but varies with different lithofacies.The main factor limiting shale oil mobility in Well BX7 is the presence of pores with throat sizes less than 15 nm.In Well BYY2,residual mercury in injection testing of lamellar dolomitic mudstone facies was mainly concentrated in pores with throats of 10-200 nm,and in bulk argillaceous dolomite facies,it was mainly concentrated at 60-300 nm.The throats of hydrocarbon-retaining pores can be 5 nm or even smaller,but pores with movable shale oil in the well were found to have throat sizes greater than 40 nm.Excluding the influence of differences in wettability,the movability of shale oil is mainly affected by differences in lithofacies,the degree of pore deformation caused by diagenesis,the complexity of pore structures,and the connectivity of pore throats.Dissolution and reprecipitation of halite also inhibit the mobility of shale oil.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries are the prominent device for stationary energy storage system and low-speed electric vehicles.However,the practical application is still limited by the unsatisfied performance and high cost of the...Sodium-ion batteries are the prominent device for stationary energy storage system and low-speed electric vehicles.However,the practical application is still limited by the unsatisfied performance and high cost of the cathode side,which strictly requires the development of high voltage,high capacity,and earth-abundant cathode material.Ni-Fe-Mn ternary layered oxide has been recognized as one of the most promising standard type of cathodes.However,the composition and phase structure on high-voltage characteristics have not been well investigated.Herein,selecting the typically high-voltage cathode of P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)as a parent material,we fabricate ten Ni-Fe-Mn ternary layered oxides through replacing the Ni,Mn,or both Ni and Mn by Fe.The thermodynamically stable phase diagram for those materials is presented.The electrochemical properties for all the samples are investigated in detail.Three potential Ni-Fe-Mn ternary layered oxides are picked up considering the energy density,cycle stability,kinetics,cost price,and working voltage,which demonstrate great potential for surpassing the performance of lithium iron phosphate.The related electrochemical reaction and fading mechanism are well revealed.This work provides some new foundational Ni-Fe-Mn ternary layered materials for high-voltage sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a period marked by physiological and psychological imbalances,which pose an increased risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD)to commit non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI).AIM To i...BACKGROUND Adolescence is a period marked by physiological and psychological imbalances,which pose an increased risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD)to commit non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI).AIM To investigate the moderating role of social support utilization in depression and NSSI among adolescents with MDD.METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 314 adolescents with MDD(258 with NSSI,56 without)from a Chinese tertiary psychiatric hospital(2021-2023).Participants completed validated scales,including the self-esteem scale,the Barratt impulsiveness scale,the self-rating depression scale,and the teenager social support rating scale.Logistic regression and hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine predictors of NSSI and the moderating effect of social support utilization.RESULTS Results showed that the NSSI group had higher depression levels,lower selfesteem,and greater impulsivity.While overall social support was higher in the NSSI group,social support utilization significantly moderated the depression-NSSI relationship.Specifically,higher utilization levels weakened the association between depression and NSSI(β=-0.001,P<0.05).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that effective utilization of social support,rather than its mere presence,is crucial in reducing NSSI risk among depressed adolescents.展开更多
With the widespread application of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the processing of massive realtime streaming data poses significant challenges to the computational and data-processing capabilities of systems.Alth...With the widespread application of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the processing of massive realtime streaming data poses significant challenges to the computational and data-processing capabilities of systems.Although distributed streaming data processing frameworks such asApache Flink andApache Spark Streaming provide solutions,meeting stringent response time requirements while ensuring high throughput and resource utilization remains an urgent problem.To address this,the study proposes a formal modeling approach based on Performance Evaluation Process Algebra(PEPA),which abstracts the core components and interactions of cloud-based distributed streaming data processing systems.Additionally,a generic service flow generation algorithmis introduced,enabling the automatic extraction of service flows fromthe PEPAmodel and the computation of key performance metrics,including response time,throughput,and resource utilization.The novelty of this work lies in the integration of PEPA-based formal modeling with the service flow generation algorithm,bridging the gap between formal modeling and practical performance evaluation for IoT systems.Simulation experiments demonstrate that optimizing the execution efficiency of components can significantly improve system performance.For instance,increasing the task execution rate from 10 to 100 improves system performance by 9.53%,while further increasing it to 200 results in a 21.58%improvement.However,diminishing returns are observed when the execution rate reaches 500,with only a 0.42%gain.Similarly,increasing the number of TaskManagers from 10 to 20 improves response time by 18.49%,but the improvement slows to 6.06% when increasing from 20 to 50,highlighting the importance of co-optimizing component efficiency and resource management to achieve substantial performance gains.This study provides a systematic framework for analyzing and optimizing the performance of IoT systems for large-scale real-time streaming data processing.The proposed approach not only identifies performance bottlenecks but also offers insights into improving system efficiency under different configurations and workloads.展开更多
基金supported in part by the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(Department of Science and Technology,Guizhou Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Achievements Program,Qian KH achievement[2023]No.Great 004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202295)+2 种基金Scientific Research Project of Higher Education Institutions of Guizhou Province(Youth Project)(Qian Jiao Ji[2022]114)Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project(Qiankehe Platform Talents-BQW[2024]008Qian KeHe Ji Chu-ZK[2022]General 051).
文摘Feeding and molting are particularly important physiological processes for insects,and it has been reported that neuropeptides are involved in the nervous regulation of these 2 processes.Sulfakinin(SK)is an important neuropeptide that is widely distributed among insects and plays a pivotal role in regulating feeding,courtship,aggression,and locomotion.In this study,we investigated the involvement of SK in feeding and molting on a highly notorious pest insect,the fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda.SK transcript levels were found in all larval stages and there was a predominant expression of SK in the brain of 5th instar larvae.By immunostaining,SK was detected in 2 pairs of cells in the median protocerebrum.But during prolonged periods of starvation,there was a significant reduction in SK messenger RNA levels;however,subsequent refeeding led to a notable increase.To investigate the role of SK in feeding and molting,SK was silenced in S.frugiperda larvae through RNA interference.This resulted in a significant increase in food intake,weight gain,and the molting process happened more rapidly in the double-stranded SK-treated larvae compared to the controls.Conversely,injection of sulfated SK peptide(sSK)caused opposite effects.Interestingly,SK-knockdown in larvae resulted in increased levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone and also of the expression of some of it signaling pathway genes.Altogether,this study highlights the important role played by SK in regulating feeding and molting in S.frugiperda.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82271572)The Clinical Research Award of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (No. XJTU1AF2021CRF-008) and (No. XTJU1AF-CRF2023-025)。
文摘To enhance the anesthetic efficacy of propofol while mitigating its systemic toxicity and irreversible developmental neurotoxicity, we developed a strategy leveraging the neuroprotective effects of baicalin in combination with propofol anesthesia via baicalinbased nanocomposites. High propofol-loaded porous Baicalin-Fe(Ⅲ) infinite coordination polymer@propofol nanocomposites were synthesized, wherein baicalin coordinates with Fe3+ ions to form porous nanoparticles that encapsulate propofol within a core-shell structure. These nanocomposites exhibited an average diameter of 92.3 ± 10.2 nm and a pore volume of 0.322 cm^(3)/g, achieving ultra-high propofol loading(~62%) with no detectable leakage over 100 d, attributed to their large surface area and strong molecular interactions.When combined with focused ultrasound(FUS) and microbubbles, the effective dose(ED_(50))of propofol decreased from 10 to 4.3 mg/kg, doubling the duration of anesthesia and extending the therapeutic window by 200%. Importantly, the therapeutic index improved1.66-fold while vital physiological parameters remained stable. Histological analyses revealed an 80% reduction in neuronal injury compared to free propofol, and behavioral tests demonstrated significant enhancements in motor and cognitive performance, alongside recovery from propofol-induced irreversible developmental neurotoxicity, indicating effective neuroprotection. Collectively, this baicalin-propofol nanocomposite, coupled with FUS-mediated delivery, represents a promising approach for safe and long-term anesthesia in clinical applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2019YFC1803604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42007306 and 42277193).
文摘Antimony smelting activities damage the soil and vegetation surroundings while generating economic value.However,no standardizedmethods are available to diagnose the extent of soil degradation at antimony smelting sites.This study developed a standardized framework for assessing soil quality by consideringmicrobial-induced resilience and heavymetal contamination at Xikuangshan antimony smelting site.The soil resilience index(SRI)and soil contamination index(SCI)were calculated byMinimum Data Set and geo-accumulation model,respectively.After standardized by a multi-criteria quantitative procedure of modified Nemerow’s pollution index(NPI),the integrated assessment of soil quality index(SQI),which is the minimumof SRINPI and SCINPI,was achieved.The results showed that Sb and As were the prominent metal(loid)pollutants,and significant correlations between SQI and SRI indicated that the poor soil quality was mainly caused by the low level of soil resilience.The primary limiting factors of SRI were Fungi in high andmiddle contaminated areas,and Skermanella in low contaminated area,suggesting that the weak soil resilience was caused by low specific microbial abundances.Microbial regulation and phytoremediation are greatly required to improve the soil quality at antimony smelting sites from the perspectives of pollution control and resilience improvement.This study improves our understanding of ecological effects of antimony smelting sites and provides a theoretical basis for ecological restoration and sustainable development of mining areas.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82404511,82373790)Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Hebei Province(No.226Z2605G)Program for Young Scientists in the Field of Natural Science of Hebei Medical University(No.CYCZ2023011).
文摘Natural product-based drug combinations(NPDCs)present distinctive advantages in treating complex diseases.While high-throughput screening(HTS)and conventional computational methods have partially accelerated synergistic drug combination discovery,their applications remain constrained by experimental data fragmentation,high costs,and extensive combinatorial space.Recent developments in artificial intelligence(AI),encompassing traditional machine learning and deep learning algorithms,have been extensively applied in NPDC identification.Through the integration of multi-source heterogeneous data and autonomous feature extraction,prediction accuracy has markedly improved,offering a robust technical approach for novel NPDC discovery.This review comprehensively examines recent advances in AI-driven NPDC prediction,presents relevant data resources and algorithmic frameworks,and evaluates current limitations and future prospects.AI methodologies are anticipated to substantially expedite NPDC discovery and inform experimental validation.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province,No.202203021222418Research Program of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission,No.2023061+2 种基金Fundamental Research Cooperation Program of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,No.22JCZXJC00140Tianjin Major Science and Technology Project,No.21ZXJBSY00110Tianjin Health and Science and Technology Project,No.TJWJ2024ZK001.
文摘BACKGROUND Regulator of G protein signaling(RGS)proteins participate in tumor formation and metastasis by acting on theα-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins.The speci-fic effect of RGS,particularly RGS4,on the progression of gastric cancer(GC)is not yet clear.AIM To explore the role and underlying mechanisms of action of RGS4 in GC develop-ment.METHODS The prognostic significance of RGS4 in GC was analyzed using bioinformatics based public databases and verified by immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 90 patients with GC.Function assays were employed to assess the carcinogenic impact of RGS4,and the mechanism of its possible influence was detected by western blot analysis.A nude mouse xenograft model was established to study the effects of RGS4 on GC growth in vitro.RESULTS RGS4 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal tissues.Elevated RGS4 expression was correlated with increased tumor-node-metastasis stage,increased tumor grade as well as poorer overall survival in patients with GC.Cell experiments demonstrated that RGS4 knockdown suppressed GC cell proliferation,migration and invasion.Similarly,xenograft experiments confirmed that RGS4 silencing significantly inhibited tumor growth.Moreover,RGS4 knockdown resulted in reduced phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase,phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase,and protein kinase B,decreased vimentin and N-cadherin,and elevated E-cadherin.CONCLUSION High RGS4 expression in GC indicates a worse prognosis and RGS4 is a prognostic marker.RGS4 influences tumor progression via the focal adhesion kinase/phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30572455,30973400,81071718,81000881)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,P.R.China(NCET-06-0685)Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province,P.R.China(2009WK3060)
文摘Drug development is a complex and time-consuming endeavor that traditionally relies on the experience of drug developers and trial-and-error experimentation[1,2].The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,particularly emerging generative AI and large language model,is reshaping this traditional paradigm,offering new avenues for efficiency,precision,and innovation[3].In this special issue,we present an overview of AI applications across the entire drug development workflow.Topics include novel molecule generation,drug–target and drug–drug interaction network prediction,molecular property optimization,pharmaceutical research,and related areas.
基金partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12075123,12061141002,and 12535004)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1605804 and 2024YFA1610501)。
文摘Inspired by the X(4140)structure reported in the J/ψφsystem by the CDF experiment in 2009,a series of searches have been carried out in theJ/ψφand J/ψK channels,leading to the claim of ten structures in the B→J/ψφK system.This article provides a comprehensive review of experimental developments,from the initial evidence of X(4140)at CDF to the amplitude analyses and diffractive process investigations by the LHCb experiment,as well as theoretical interpretations of these states.A triplet of J^(PC)=1++states with relatively large mass splittings[about 200MeV(natural units are adopted)]has been identified in the J/ψφsystem by LHCb.Their mass-squared values align approximately linearly with a possible radial quantum number,suggesting that the triplet may represent a radially excited family.For X(4140),the first state in the triplet,its width reported by LHCb is inconsistent with that measured by other experiments,and possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.A potential connection between an excess at 4.35 GeV in the J/ψφmass spectrum reported by the Belle experiment through a two-photon process and a potential spin-2 excess in the LHCb data is also investigated.In addition,potential parallels between the J/ψφand J/ψJ/ψsystems,both composed of two vector mesons,are discussed.The continued interest in,and complexity of,these systems underscore the necessity of further experimental exploration with increased statistical precision across a variety of experiments,particularly those with relatively flat efficiency across the Dalitz plot.The J/ψω,φφ,ρω,andρφsystems are mentioned,and the prospects for the J/ψγandγγsystems,are also highlighted.
文摘Drug discovery is a complex and highly systematic process encompassing multiple critical stages,including target identification,bioactive molecule discovery,preclinical research,clinical trials,regulatory review,post-marketing surveillance,and others[1].This process typically spans many years and is often accompanied by high failure rates and substantial resource consumption.In recent years,driven by large amounts of biomedical data,artificial intelligence(AI)has begun to reshape every stage of drug discovery[2].Particularly,by integrating diverse,high-dimensional datasets with powerful predictive and generative models.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U19B6003)。
文摘The connectivity of shale pores and the occurrence of movable oil in shales have long been the focus of research.In this study,samples from wells BX7 and BYY2 in the Eq3^4-10 cyclothem of Qianjiang Formation in the Qianjiang depression,were analyzed.A double mercury injection method was used to distinguish between invalid and effective connected pores.The pore characteristics for occurrence of retained hydrocarbons and movable shale oil were identified by comparing pore changes in low temperature nitrogen adsorption and high pressure mercury injection experiments before and after extraction and the change in the mercury injection amounts in the pores between two separate mercury injections.The results show that less than 50%of the total connected pores in the Eq34-10 cyclothem samples are effective.The development of effective connected pores affects the mobility of shale oil but varies with different lithofacies.The main factor limiting shale oil mobility in Well BX7 is the presence of pores with throat sizes less than 15 nm.In Well BYY2,residual mercury in injection testing of lamellar dolomitic mudstone facies was mainly concentrated in pores with throats of 10-200 nm,and in bulk argillaceous dolomite facies,it was mainly concentrated at 60-300 nm.The throats of hydrocarbon-retaining pores can be 5 nm or even smaller,but pores with movable shale oil in the well were found to have throat sizes greater than 40 nm.Excluding the influence of differences in wettability,the movability of shale oil is mainly affected by differences in lithofacies,the degree of pore deformation caused by diagenesis,the complexity of pore structures,and the connectivity of pore throats.Dissolution and reprecipitation of halite also inhibit the mobility of shale oil.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52402215)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2408085QB036)+1 种基金the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province Education Department(Grant Nos.2022AH050334,2022AH030046,2023AH051119)the Scientific Research Foundation of Anhui University of Technology for Talent Introduction(DT2200001211)。
文摘Sodium-ion batteries are the prominent device for stationary energy storage system and low-speed electric vehicles.However,the practical application is still limited by the unsatisfied performance and high cost of the cathode side,which strictly requires the development of high voltage,high capacity,and earth-abundant cathode material.Ni-Fe-Mn ternary layered oxide has been recognized as one of the most promising standard type of cathodes.However,the composition and phase structure on high-voltage characteristics have not been well investigated.Herein,selecting the typically high-voltage cathode of P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)as a parent material,we fabricate ten Ni-Fe-Mn ternary layered oxides through replacing the Ni,Mn,or both Ni and Mn by Fe.The thermodynamically stable phase diagram for those materials is presented.The electrochemical properties for all the samples are investigated in detail.Three potential Ni-Fe-Mn ternary layered oxides are picked up considering the energy density,cycle stability,kinetics,cost price,and working voltage,which demonstrate great potential for surpassing the performance of lithium iron phosphate.The related electrochemical reaction and fading mechanism are well revealed.This work provides some new foundational Ni-Fe-Mn ternary layered materials for high-voltage sodium-ion batteries.
基金Jiangsu Province Social Development Project,No.BE2022735Jiangsu Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talent Programme,No.JSSCBS20211584+1 种基金Suzhou Clinical Key Disciplines for Geriatric Psychiatry,No.SZXK202116Suzhou Science and Technology Program Projects,No.SKY2023075,No.SYWD2024037 and No.MSXM2024032.
文摘BACKGROUND Adolescence is a period marked by physiological and psychological imbalances,which pose an increased risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD)to commit non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI).AIM To investigate the moderating role of social support utilization in depression and NSSI among adolescents with MDD.METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 314 adolescents with MDD(258 with NSSI,56 without)from a Chinese tertiary psychiatric hospital(2021-2023).Participants completed validated scales,including the self-esteem scale,the Barratt impulsiveness scale,the self-rating depression scale,and the teenager social support rating scale.Logistic regression and hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine predictors of NSSI and the moderating effect of social support utilization.RESULTS Results showed that the NSSI group had higher depression levels,lower selfesteem,and greater impulsivity.While overall social support was higher in the NSSI group,social support utilization significantly moderated the depression-NSSI relationship.Specifically,higher utilization levels weakened the association between depression and NSSI(β=-0.001,P<0.05).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that effective utilization of social support,rather than its mere presence,is crucial in reducing NSSI risk among depressed adolescents.
基金funded by the Joint Project of Industry-University-Research of Jiangsu Province(Grant:BY20231146).
文摘With the widespread application of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the processing of massive realtime streaming data poses significant challenges to the computational and data-processing capabilities of systems.Although distributed streaming data processing frameworks such asApache Flink andApache Spark Streaming provide solutions,meeting stringent response time requirements while ensuring high throughput and resource utilization remains an urgent problem.To address this,the study proposes a formal modeling approach based on Performance Evaluation Process Algebra(PEPA),which abstracts the core components and interactions of cloud-based distributed streaming data processing systems.Additionally,a generic service flow generation algorithmis introduced,enabling the automatic extraction of service flows fromthe PEPAmodel and the computation of key performance metrics,including response time,throughput,and resource utilization.The novelty of this work lies in the integration of PEPA-based formal modeling with the service flow generation algorithm,bridging the gap between formal modeling and practical performance evaluation for IoT systems.Simulation experiments demonstrate that optimizing the execution efficiency of components can significantly improve system performance.For instance,increasing the task execution rate from 10 to 100 improves system performance by 9.53%,while further increasing it to 200 results in a 21.58%improvement.However,diminishing returns are observed when the execution rate reaches 500,with only a 0.42%gain.Similarly,increasing the number of TaskManagers from 10 to 20 improves response time by 18.49%,but the improvement slows to 6.06% when increasing from 20 to 50,highlighting the importance of co-optimizing component efficiency and resource management to achieve substantial performance gains.This study provides a systematic framework for analyzing and optimizing the performance of IoT systems for large-scale real-time streaming data processing.The proposed approach not only identifies performance bottlenecks but also offers insights into improving system efficiency under different configurations and workloads.
