A self-standing dual-electric field synergistic[TiO_(2)/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)]//[g-C3 N4 tube/PVDF]Janus nanofibres(named as[TP]//[CTP]JNs)S-scheme heterostructure piezoelectric photocatalyst is designed and c...A self-standing dual-electric field synergistic[TiO_(2)/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)]//[g-C3 N4 tube/PVDF]Janus nanofibres(named as[TP]//[CTP]JNs)S-scheme heterostructure piezoelectric photocatalyst is designed and constructed via conjugative electrospinning.Dual-fields of built-in electric fields supplied by S-scheme heterostructure and piezoelectric field formed by PVDF jointly boost separation and transfer of photo-induced charges.As a case study,piezoelectric photocatalytic efficiency of[TP]//[CTP]JNs for tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)under ultrasonic united with simulated sunlight illumination is 93.35%(40 min),which is 1.39 times of the photocatalytic efficiency(light illumination only)and 5.32 times of piezoelectric catalytic efficiency(applying ultrasonic only),proving the advantages of the synergistic effect of piezoelectric catalysis and photocatalysis on contaminant degradation.The dynamic behaviors of photocatalysis and photo-generated charges are deeply revealed through fs-TA and TRPL decay spectra,and the degradation pathways of antibiotics are reasonably speculated by combining LCMS spectra with Fukui index.By the degradation ability,COMSOL simulation and DFT calculation,the structural advantage of Janus nanofibers is fully verified,and S-scheme charge transfer mechanism is confirmed by combining a series of sound ample experiments with theoretical calculations.Additionally,the construction mechanism of Janus nanofibers is proposed,and corresponding construction technique is established.展开更多
Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is increasingly being used as a potential biomarker in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients.However,the role of ctDNA in CRC prognosis prediction remains unclear.The objective is to sys...Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is increasingly being used as a potential biomarker in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients.However,the role of ctDNA in CRC prognosis prediction remains unclear.The objective is to systematically assess the clinical value of ctDNA in colorectal cancer prognosis prediction throughout the treatment cycle.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,Scopus,and clinical trials.gov database was searched from January 2016 to April 2023.Observational studies and randomized clinical trials reporting on ctDNA and prognostic outcomes in CRC patients were included.Pooled hazard risk ratios(HRs)were calculated for the primary outcomes,relapse-free survival(RFS),and overall survival(OS).Random-effects models were preferred considering the potential heterogeneity.Results:Sixty-five cohort studies were included.Association between ctDNA and shorter RFS or OS was significant,especially after the full-course treatment recommended by the guidelines(HR=8.92[95%CI:6.02-13.22],P<0.001,I^(2)=73%;HR=3.05[95%CI:1.72-5.41],P<0.001,I^(2)=48%)for all types of CRC patients.Despite the presence of heterogeneity,subgroup analyses showed that the cancer type and ctDNA detection assays may be the underlying cause.Besides,ctDNA may detect recurrence earlier than radiographic progression,but no uniform sampling time point between studies might bring bias.However,ctDNA detection did not appear to correlate with pathological complete response achievement in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.Conclusion:ctDNA detection was significantly associated with poorer prognosis.The potential applications in prognostic prediction are promising and remain to be evaluated in other fields.展开更多
Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)has shown potential as a prognostic biomarker in patients with solid tumors.This study aimed to systematically summarize the global application of ctDNA in the prognostic man-agem...Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)has shown potential as a prognostic biomarker in patients with solid tumors.This study aimed to systematically summarize the global application of ctDNA in the prognostic man-agement of solid tumor patients and to evaluate the quality of the current studies.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,Scopus,and clinical trials.gov databases were searched to collect cohort studies on ctDNA in the prognosis of solid tumor patients from January 2016 to May 2022.The language was limited to English.Information including general information,participants and cancer characteristics,ctDNA and outcome information were extracted.The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist.Results:A total of 214 studies were included in the final analysis,encompassing 21,076 patients.The number of studies has increased annually from 2016 to 2022.The most common types of solid tumors studied were colorectal cancer(27.10%),lung cancer(20.09%),pancreatic cancer(16.82%),and breast cancer(14.02%).The top three journals by number of publications had an impact factor in 2023 greater than 10.Of the studies,the median sample size was 69(interquartile range:41-111),69.81%had a sample size<100,68.92%had a median/mean age≥60 years,and 74.05%were from developed countries.Multi-center studies accounted for 40.36%.Additionally,29.82%of the studies had a bias risk score≤6.Only 16.67%of studies on liver cancer had a bias risk score>6.The primary criteria not met by the studies included“Adequacy of follow-up of cohorts”(33.33%),“Assessment of outcome”(32.16%)and“Representativeness of the exposed cohort”(27.49%).Conclusions:The prognostic value of ctDNA in patients with solid tumors is gaining increasing attention,leading to a steady rise in the number of studies.However,many studies still suffer from small sample sizes and a lack of representativeness.Furthermore,details regarding ctDNA detection methods and results reporting are often insufficiently described.There is an urgent need to improve the quality of such research.展开更多
For strapdown stabilized platform used in automatic vertical drilling system,a new dynamic measurement algorithm based on three-axis accelerometer and three-axis fluxgate measurement signals is proposed and simulated ...For strapdown stabilized platform used in automatic vertical drilling system,a new dynamic measurement algorithm based on three-axis accelerometer and three-axis fluxgate measurement signals is proposed and simulated under the condition of small inclination dynamic rotation.The error compensation algorithm is also proposed.The bench test of strapdown stabilized platform is designed and carried out.The results show that:When the azimuth angle is the same,the larger the inclination angle is,the greater the error of the measurement results will be.When the inclination angle is the same,the measurement error is the largest when the azimuth angle is 90°and 270°,and the measurement error curve presents a sinusoidal change with the change of azimuth angle.After the error function compensation,the error curve between the calculation results and the true value is basically not affected by the inclination angle and the azimuth angle,and the calculation accuracy is signifi cantly improved.Under the random rotating speed of 0-180 rpm,the minimum error of the measured well inclination value was no more than 0.03°and the maximum was no more than 1.58°.The feasibility of the proposed dynamic azimuth measurement algorithm is verifi ed.This article provides a technical reference for the strapdown automatic drilling system.展开更多
Background:Septic shock is a common systemic inflammatory response syndrome for critical patients in the intensive care unit.Ulinastatin is currently used for the treatment of septic shock.Our study sought to evaluate...Background:Septic shock is a common systemic inflammatory response syndrome for critical patients in the intensive care unit.Ulinastatin is currently used for the treatment of septic shock.Our study sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ulinastatin in the treatment of septic shock patients.Methods:Three English databases(Embase,Medline,and Cochrane Library)and four Chinese databases(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang data,SinoMed,and VIP)were searched for published randomized controlled trials.Stata 16.0 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis.Results:A total of 48 articles were included(Chinese article 47,1 in English).The results show that the treatment of ulinastatin could reduce mortality(risk ratio=0.63,95%confidence interval(CI)(0.55,0.72)),multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(risk ratio=0.6,95%CI(0.53,0.68)),length of intensive care unit stay(mean difference(MD)=-3.92,95%CI(-4.65,-3.18)),length of hospital stay(MD=-4.39,95%CI(-6.63,-2.15))and decrease Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score(MD=-4.55,95%CI(-5.63,-3.47))and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score(MD=-2.02,95%CI(-2.59,-1.44))with P<0.001.Moreover,it lowers TNF-α(standardized mean difference(SMD)=-1.78,95%CI(-2.24,-1.32)),Interleukin-6(SMD=-1.17,95%CI(-1.55,-0.8)),C reactive protein(SMD=-1.49,95%CI(-1.99,-0.99)),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(SMD=-1.9,95%CI(-2.87,-0.94))and procalcitonin(SMD=-0.89,95%CI(-1.12,-0.67))levels in the body.Conclusions:Available evidence shows that ulinastatin reduces case mortality rate,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,length of intensive care unit stay,and length of hospital stay and decreases Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score.Moreover,it also lowers TNF-α,Interleukin-6,C reactive protein,hypersensitive C-reactive protein,and procalcitonin levels in the body.展开更多
Objective: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is increasingly being used as a potential prognosis biomarker in patients of breast cancer. This review aims to assess the clinical value of ctDNA in outcome prediction in brea...Objective: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is increasingly being used as a potential prognosis biomarker in patients of breast cancer. This review aims to assess the clinical value of ctDNA in outcome prediction in breast cancer patients throughout the whole treatment cycle. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and clinical trials.gov were searched from January 2016 to May 2022. Conference abstracts published in last three years were also included. The following search terms were used: ctDNA OR circulating tumor DNA AND breast cancer OR breast carcinoma. Only studies written in English languages were included. The following pre-specified criteria should be met for inclusion: (1) observational studies (prospective or retrospective), randomized control trials, case-control studies and case series studies;(2) patients with breast cancer;(3) ctDNA measurement;(4) clinical outcome data such as objective response rate (ORR), pathological complete response (pCR), relapse-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and so on. The random-effect model was preferred considering the potential heterogeneity across studies. The primary outcomes included postoperative short-term outcomes (ORR and pCR) and postoperative long-term outcomes (RFS, OS, and relapse). Secondary outcomes focused on ctDNA detection rate. Results: A total of 30 studies, comprising of 19 cohort studies, 2 case-control studies and 9 case series studies were included. The baseline ctDNA was significantly negatively associated with ORR outcome (Relative Risk [RR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50–0.83), with lower ORR in the ctDNA-positive group than ctDNAnegative group. ctDNA during neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) treatment was significantly associated with pCR outcomes (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.04–0.54). The strong association between ctDNA and RFS or relapse outcome was significant across the whole treatment period, especially after the surgery (RFS: Hazard Ratio [HR] = 6.74, 95% CI: 3.73–12.17;relapse outcome: RR = 7.11, 95% CI: 3.05–16.53), although there was heterogeneity in these results. Pre-operative and post-operative ctDNA measurements were significantly associated with OS outcomes (pre-operative: HR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.12–3.70;post-operative: HR = 6.03, 95% CI: 1.31–27.78). Conclusions: In this review, ctDNA measurements at different timepoints are correlated with evaluation indexes at different periods after treatment. The ctDNA can be used as an early potential postoperative prognosis biomarker in breast cancer, and also as a reference index to evaluate the therapeutic effect at different stages.展开更多
BACKGROUND Aneurysmal bone cyst(ABC)is a benign cystic of unknown etiology,characterized by multiple chambers and a high recurrence rate.Current treatment options include vascular embolization,surgical excision,curett...BACKGROUND Aneurysmal bone cyst(ABC)is a benign cystic of unknown etiology,characterized by multiple chambers and a high recurrence rate.Current treatment options include vascular embolization,surgical excision,curettage with cavity filling,sclerosing agent injection into the cavity,radiotherapy,and systemic drug therapy.Among these,surgical excision and curettage are the preferred treatment modalities.However,when the cyst reaches a large size,extensive removal of diseased tissue during surgery can hinder bone healing.In our department,we treated a case of a large ABC at the distal end of the femur in a child using the Ilizarov technique.The tumor was completely excised,and reconstruction was achieved through autologous femoral bone transfer.The follow-up at two years post-surgery indicated good results without tumor recurrence,and the growth and development of the child were essentially unaffected.CASE SUMMARY An 11-year-old boy was presented with an accidental fracture of his right leg.Despite having been examined at other hospitals,he had not received treatment.Given the potential for significant bone defects and the difficulty of the surgery,our doctors opted to use the Ilizarov technique to minimize harm to the patient.Upon admission,the patient underwent a needle biopsy and complete tumor resection-the Ilizarov technique assisted in the transport and reconstruction of the autologous femoral bone.Postoperatively,the patient exhibited regular followups,during which bone transport was gradually performed,and the external fixation frame was removed on time.Follow-up X-rays of the right lower limb displayed no tumor recurrence,with a normal appearance.Bone formation at the cutting site was satisfactory,and the union of the bone ends indicated good healing.After two years of follow-up,the patient had essentially returned to normal.CONCLUSION We successfully applied the Ilizarov technique to treat ABC,reducing the financial burden of patients and the pain of multiple surgeries.In cases where significant bone defects occur,the Ilizarov technique has demonstrated satisfactory therapeutic outcomes.展开更多
The SARS-CoV-2 virus,particularly the Omicron BA.2 variant,led to a significant surge in Shanghai,2022.However,the viral load dynamic in Omicron infections with varying clinical severities remain unclear.This prospect...The SARS-CoV-2 virus,particularly the Omicron BA.2 variant,led to a significant surge in Shanghai,2022.However,the viral load dynamic in Omicron infections with varying clinical severities remain unclear.This prospective cohort included 48,830 hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients across three hospitals in Shanghai,China,between 23 March and 15 May,2022.Systematic nucleic acid testing was performed using RT-PCR Cycle threshold(Ct)value as a proxy of viral load.We analyzed the kinetic characteristics of viral shedding by clinical severity and identified associated risk factors.The study comprised 31.06%asymptomatic cases,67.66%mild-moderate cases,1.00%severe cases,0.29%critical and fatal cases.Upon admission,57%of patients tested positive,with peak viral load observed at 4 days(median Ct value 27.5),followed by a decrease and an average viral shedding time(VST)of 6.1 days(Interquartile range,4.0–8.8 days).Although viral load exhibited variation by age and clinical severity,peak Ct values occurred at similar times.Unvaccinated status,age exceeding 60,and comorbidities including hypertension,renal issues kidney dialysis and kidney transplantation,neurological disorders,rheumatism,and psychotic conditions were found to correlate with elevated peak viral load and extended VST.Asymptomatic cases demonstrated a 40%likelihood of contagiousness within 6 days of detection,while mild-moderate and severe cases exhibited post-symptom resolution infectious probabilities of 27%and over 50%,respectively.These findings revealed that the initial Ct values serve as a predictive indicator of severe outcomes.Unvaccinated elderly individuals with particular comorbidities are at high-risk for elevated viral load and prolonged VST.展开更多
Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is increasingly being used as a potential prognostic biomarker in cancer patients.We aimed to assess the prognostic value of ctDNA in different subtypes of breast cancer patients ...Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is increasingly being used as a potential prognostic biomarker in cancer patients.We aimed to assess the prognostic value of ctDNA in different subtypes of breast cancer patients throughout the whole treatment cycle.Materials and methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,Scopus,and clinical trials.gov databases were searched from January 2016 to May 2022.The following search terms were used:ctDNA OR circulating tumor DNA AND breast cancer OR breast carcinoma.Only studies written in English were included.The following pre-specified criteria should be met for inclusion:(i)original articles,conference abstracts,etc.;(ii)patients with breast cancer;(iii)ctDNA measurement;and(iv)clinical outcome data such as recurrence-free survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS).The random-effects model was preferred considering the potential het-erogeneity across studies.The main outcomes are ctDNA detection rate and postoperative long-term outcomes(RFS and OS).Results:A total of 24 studies were screened.At every measurement time,the ctDNA detection rate of the HR+subgroup was similar to that of the HR-subgroup(P=0.075;P=0.458;P=0.744;and P=0.578),and the ctDNA detection rate of the HER2+subgroup was similar to that of the HER2-subgroup(P=0.805;P=0.271;P=0.807;and P=0.703).In the HR+subgroup,RFS and OS of ctDNA positive patients were similar to those of ctDNA negative patients(P=0.589 and P=0.110),while RFS and OS of the ctDNA positive group was significantly shorter than those of the ctDNA negative patients in the HR-subgroup(HR=4.03,P<0.001;HR=3.21,P<0.001).According to HER grouping,the results were the same as above.In the triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)subgroup,the RFS and OS of ctDNA-positive patients was significantly shorter than of the ctDNA negative patients before and after surgery.Conclusions:ctDNA was more predictive of recurrence-free survival and overall survival in the HR-subgroup than in the HR+subgroup,and the same result was showed in the HER2-subgroup vs.HER2+subgroup.The prognosis of the TNBC subtype is closely related to ctDNA before and after surgery.展开更多
Background:Patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk for developing multiple chronic complications.However,there is a lack of studies of the cumulative number of diabetic complications in China.Methods:A retrospe...Background:Patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk for developing multiple chronic complications.However,there is a lack of studies of the cumulative number of diabetic complications in China.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed from 2009 to 2021.Type 2 diabetes patients who were first diagnosed after the age of 35 years between January 1,2009,and December 31,2017,were included.Five states were defined according to the number of chronic complications:no(S0),one(S1),two(S2),three(S3),and four or more complications(S4).A multi-state Markov model was constructed to estimate transition probability,transition intensity,mean sojourn time,and the possible factors for each state.Results:The study included 32653 type 2 diabetes patients(mean age,59.59 years;15929(48.8%)male),and mean follow-up time of 7.75 years.In all,4375 transitions were observed.The 12-year transition probability of from state S0 to S1 was the lowest at 16.4%,while that from S2 to S3 was the highest,at 45.6%.Higher fasting blood glucose,lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,higher total cholesterol,and an unhealthy diet were associated with higher risk of progression from S0 to S1.Being female,less than 60 years old,weekly physical activity,and vegetarian diet decreased this risk.Being female and less than 60 years old reduced the likelihood of transition from S1 to S2,whereas lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased this likelihood.Conclusions:Following the occurrence of two complications in type 2 diabetes patients,the risk for accumulating a third complication within a short time is significantly increased.It is important to take advantage of the stable window period when patients have fewer than two complications,strengthen the monitoring of blood glucose and blood lipids,and encourage patients to maintain good living habits to prevent further deterioration.展开更多
Continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)is widely used for treating critically-ill patients in the emergency department in China.Anticoagulant therapy is needed to prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circulation ...Continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)is widely used for treating critically-ill patients in the emergency department in China.Anticoagulant therapy is needed to prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circulation during CRRT.Regional citrate anticoagulation(RCA)has been shown to potentially be safer and more effective,and is now recommended as the preferred anticoagulant method for CRRT.However,there is still a lack of unified standards for RCA management in the world,and there are many problems in using this method in clinical practice.The Emergency Medical Doctor Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association(CMDA)organized a panel of domestic emergency medicine experts and international experts of CRRT to discuss RCA-related issues,including the advantages and disadvantages of RCA in CRRT anticoagulation,the principle of RCA,parameter settings for RCA,monitoring of RCA(mainly metabolic acid-base disorders),and special issues during RCA.Based on the latest available research evidence as well as the paneled experts'clinical experience,considering the generalizability,suitability,and potential resource utilization,while also balancing clinical advantages and disadvantages,a total of 16 guideline recommendations were formed from the experts'consensus.展开更多
AIM To find an accurate and simple predictor for postoperative short-term complications after gastrectomy. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-three patients undergoing gastric cancer resection between October 1,2015 and S...AIM To find an accurate and simple predictor for postoperative short-term complications after gastrectomy. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-three patients undergoing gastric cancer resection between October 1,2015 and September 30,2016 were enrolled in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used toidentify risk factors for complications after gastrectomy. The cutoff values and diagnostic accuracy were examined by receiver operating characteristic curves.RESULTS Sixty-two(27.8%) patients had short-term complications after gastric cancer resection. The postoperative decrease in serum albumin(?ALB) was an independent risk factor for complications(OR = 17.957,95%CI: 6.073-53.095,P < 0.001). The cutoff value was 14.0% and the area under the curve was higher than that of C-reactive protein on postoperative day 3(area under the curve: 0.806 vs 0.709). Patients with ?ALB ≥ 14.0% were more likely to have short-term complications after gastrectomy(46.7% vs 5.0%,P < 0.001),prolonged hospital stay(17.2 ± 10.8 d vs 14.1 ± 4.2 d,P = 0.007) and higher comprehensive complication index(P < 0.001) than those with ?ALB < 14.0%.CONCLUSION Postoperative ?ALB with a cutoff of 14.0% can be used to recognize patients who have high risk of short-term complications following gastric cancer resection.展开更多
Many studies have demonstrated that leukoaraiosis is associated with impaired cerebrovascular reserve function. However, the definitive hemodynamic changes that occur in leukoaraiosis are not clear, and there are many...Many studies have demonstrated that leukoaraiosis is associated with impaired cerebrovascular reserve function. However, the definitive hemodynamic changes that occur in leukoaraiosis are not clear, and there are many controversies. This study aimed to investigate hemodynamic changes in symptomatic leukoaraiosis using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and the breath-holding test in a Chinese Han population, from northern China. A total of 203 patients who were diagnosed with ischemic stroke or clinical chronic progressive ischemic symptoms were enrolled in this study, including 97 males and 106 females, with an age range of 43-93 years. The severity of leukoaraiosis was evaluated according to the Fazekas grading scale, and patients were divided into four groups accordingly. Grade 0 was no leukoaraiosis, and grades I, II, and III were mild, moderate, and severe leukoaraiosis, respectively, with 44, 79, 44, and 36 cases in each group. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and the breath-holding test were performed. The mean blood flow velocity of the bilateral middle cerebral artery was measured and the breath-holding index was calculated. The breath holding index was correlated with leukoaraiosis severity and cognitive impairment. Patients with a low breath holding index presented poor performance in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and executive function tests. That is, the lower the breath holding index, the lower the scores for the MoCA and the higher for the trail-making test Parts A and B. These results indicate that the breath-holding index is a useful parameter for the evaluation of cerebrovascular reserve impairment in patients with leukoaraiosis. In addition, the breath-holding index can reflect cognitive dysfunction, providing a new insight into the pathophysiology of leukoaraiosis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fifth Peoples Hospital of Shenyang, China (approval No. 20160301) and registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800014421).展开更多
Oocytes display a maternal-specific gene expression profile, which is switched to a zygotic profile when a haploid set of chromatin is passed on to the fertilized egg that develops into an embryo. The mechanism underl...Oocytes display a maternal-specific gene expression profile, which is switched to a zygotic profile when a haploid set of chromatin is passed on to the fertilized egg that develops into an embryo. The mechanism underlying this transcription reprogramming is currently unknown. Here we demonstrate that by the time when transcription is shut down in germinal vesicle oocytes, a range of general transcription factors and transcriptional regulators are dissociated from the chromatin. The global dissociation of chromatin factors （CFs） disrupts physical contacts between the chromatin and CFs and leads to erasure of the maternal transcription program at the functional level. Critical transcription factors and regulators remain separated from chromatin for a prolonged period, and become re-associated with chromatin shortly after pronuclear formation. This is followed temporally by the re-establishment of nuclear functions such as DNA replication and transcription. We propose that the maternal transcription program is erased during oogenesis to generate a relatively naive chromatin and the zygotic transcription program is rebuilt de novo after fertilization. This process is termed as the ＂erase-and-rebuild＂ process, which is used to reset the transcription program, and most likely other nuclear processes as well, from a maternal one to that of the embryo. We further show in the accompanying paper （Gao T, et al., Cell Res 2007; 17：135-150.） that the same strategy is also employed to reprogram transcriptional profiles in somatic cell nuclear transfer and parthenogenesis, suggesting that this model is universally applicable to all forms of transcriptional reprogramming during early embryogenesis. Displacement of CFs from chromatin also offers an explanation for the phenomenon of transcription silence during the maternal to zygotic transition.展开更多
Nanoimprint lithography(NIL) is an emerging micro/nano-patterning technique,which is a high-resolution,high-throughput and yet simple fabrication process.According to International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductor...Nanoimprint lithography(NIL) is an emerging micro/nano-patterning technique,which is a high-resolution,high-throughput and yet simple fabrication process.According to International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductor(ITRS),NIL has emerged as the next generation lithography candidate for the22 nm and 16 nm technological nodes.In this paper,we present an overview of nanoimprint lithography.The classfication,research focus,critical issues,and the future of nanoimprint lithography are intensively elaborated.A pattern as small as 2.4 nm has been demonstrated.Full-wafer nanoimprint lithography has been completed on a 12-inch wafer.Recently,12.5 nm pattern resolution through soft molecular scale nanoimprint lithography has been achieved by EV Group,a leading nanoimprint lithography technology supplier.展开更多
A control valve is one of the most widely used machines in hydraulic systems.However,it often works in harsh environments and failure occurs from time to time.An intelligent and robust control valve fault diagnosis is...A control valve is one of the most widely used machines in hydraulic systems.However,it often works in harsh environments and failure occurs from time to time.An intelligent and robust control valve fault diagnosis is therefore important for operation of the system.In this study,a fault diagnosis based on the mathematical model(MM)imputation and the modified deep residual shrinkage network(MDRSN)is proposed to solve the problem that data-driven models for control valves are susceptible to changing operating conditions and missing data.The multiple fault time-series samples of the control valve at different openings are collected for fault diagnosis to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The effects of the proposed method in missing data imputation and fault diagnosis are analyzed.Compared with random and k-nearest neighbor(KNN)imputation,the accuracies of MM-based imputation are improved by 17.87%and 21.18%,in the circumstances of a20.00%data missing rate at valve opening from 10%to 28%.Furthermore,the results show that the proposed MDRSN can maintain high fault diagnosis accuracy with missing data.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of Busuishengxue granules on non-severe aplastic anemia(NSAA)and investigate its effect on the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(MAPK/ERK...OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of Busuishengxue granules on non-severe aplastic anemia(NSAA)and investigate its effect on the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(MAPK/ERK)pathway.METHODS:Sixty NSAA patients were divided equally into two groups.Subjects in the experimental group were treated with Busuishengxue granules,and the control group with Zaizaoshengxue tablets.The treatment course was 6 months and cu-rative efficacy was compared between the two groups as well as with 10 healthy individuals.Flow cytometry(FCM)was used to detect the intracellular concentration of Ca2+([Ca2+]i).Western blotting was employed to detect the expression of enzymes in the MAPK/ERK pathway.RESULTS:The efficacy of Busuishengxue granules was significantly better than that of Zaizaoshengxue tablets(P<0.05).Before treatment,expression of JNK,phospho-ERK 1/2 and p-JNK was higher,and[Ca2+]i higher,than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment with Busuishengxue granules,expression of all enzymes related to signal transduction pathways in the blood cells of NSSA patients were altered to different degrees.CONCLUSION:Busuishengxue granules had a better effect with regard to improving symptom scores,increasing the number of blood leukocytes,and increasing hemoglobin levels than Zaizaoshengxue tablets,and they differed slightly in terms of increasing the number of platelets.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173155)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(Nos.YDZJ202101ZYTS130,YDZJ202101ZYTS059)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(Nos.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX1076,cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0798).
文摘A self-standing dual-electric field synergistic[TiO_(2)/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)]//[g-C3 N4 tube/PVDF]Janus nanofibres(named as[TP]//[CTP]JNs)S-scheme heterostructure piezoelectric photocatalyst is designed and constructed via conjugative electrospinning.Dual-fields of built-in electric fields supplied by S-scheme heterostructure and piezoelectric field formed by PVDF jointly boost separation and transfer of photo-induced charges.As a case study,piezoelectric photocatalytic efficiency of[TP]//[CTP]JNs for tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)under ultrasonic united with simulated sunlight illumination is 93.35%(40 min),which is 1.39 times of the photocatalytic efficiency(light illumination only)and 5.32 times of piezoelectric catalytic efficiency(applying ultrasonic only),proving the advantages of the synergistic effect of piezoelectric catalysis and photocatalysis on contaminant degradation.The dynamic behaviors of photocatalysis and photo-generated charges are deeply revealed through fs-TA and TRPL decay spectra,and the degradation pathways of antibiotics are reasonably speculated by combining LCMS spectra with Fukui index.By the degradation ability,COMSOL simulation and DFT calculation,the structural advantage of Janus nanofibers is fully verified,and S-scheme charge transfer mechanism is confirmed by combining a series of sound ample experiments with theoretical calculations.Additionally,the construction mechanism of Janus nanofibers is proposed,and corresponding construction technique is established.
基金funded by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improve-ment and Research(grant number:2024-1G-4023)the Special Project for Director,China Center for Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine(grant number:2020YJSZX-2)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:72474008).
文摘Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is increasingly being used as a potential biomarker in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients.However,the role of ctDNA in CRC prognosis prediction remains unclear.The objective is to systematically assess the clinical value of ctDNA in colorectal cancer prognosis prediction throughout the treatment cycle.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,Scopus,and clinical trials.gov database was searched from January 2016 to April 2023.Observational studies and randomized clinical trials reporting on ctDNA and prognostic outcomes in CRC patients were included.Pooled hazard risk ratios(HRs)were calculated for the primary outcomes,relapse-free survival(RFS),and overall survival(OS).Random-effects models were preferred considering the potential heterogeneity.Results:Sixty-five cohort studies were included.Association between ctDNA and shorter RFS or OS was significant,especially after the full-course treatment recommended by the guidelines(HR=8.92[95%CI:6.02-13.22],P<0.001,I^(2)=73%;HR=3.05[95%CI:1.72-5.41],P<0.001,I^(2)=48%)for all types of CRC patients.Despite the presence of heterogeneity,subgroup analyses showed that the cancer type and ctDNA detection assays may be the underlying cause.Besides,ctDNA may detect recurrence earlier than radiographic progression,but no uniform sampling time point between studies might bring bias.However,ctDNA detection did not appear to correlate with pathological complete response achievement in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.Conclusion:ctDNA detection was significantly associated with poorer prognosis.The potential applications in prognostic prediction are promising and remain to be evaluated in other fields.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers:72474008,72074011)the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(grant number:2024-1G-4023)the Special Project for Director,China Center for Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine(grant number:2020YJSZX-2).
文摘Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)has shown potential as a prognostic biomarker in patients with solid tumors.This study aimed to systematically summarize the global application of ctDNA in the prognostic man-agement of solid tumor patients and to evaluate the quality of the current studies.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,Scopus,and clinical trials.gov databases were searched to collect cohort studies on ctDNA in the prognosis of solid tumor patients from January 2016 to May 2022.The language was limited to English.Information including general information,participants and cancer characteristics,ctDNA and outcome information were extracted.The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist.Results:A total of 214 studies were included in the final analysis,encompassing 21,076 patients.The number of studies has increased annually from 2016 to 2022.The most common types of solid tumors studied were colorectal cancer(27.10%),lung cancer(20.09%),pancreatic cancer(16.82%),and breast cancer(14.02%).The top three journals by number of publications had an impact factor in 2023 greater than 10.Of the studies,the median sample size was 69(interquartile range:41-111),69.81%had a sample size<100,68.92%had a median/mean age≥60 years,and 74.05%were from developed countries.Multi-center studies accounted for 40.36%.Additionally,29.82%of the studies had a bias risk score≤6.Only 16.67%of studies on liver cancer had a bias risk score>6.The primary criteria not met by the studies included“Adequacy of follow-up of cohorts”(33.33%),“Assessment of outcome”(32.16%)and“Representativeness of the exposed cohort”(27.49%).Conclusions:The prognostic value of ctDNA in patients with solid tumors is gaining increasing attention,leading to a steady rise in the number of studies.However,many studies still suffer from small sample sizes and a lack of representativeness.Furthermore,details regarding ctDNA detection methods and results reporting are often insufficiently described.There is an urgent need to improve the quality of such research.
基金The financial supports from National key plan project for research and development of China (2019YFA0708300) and (2023YFC3009200)。
文摘For strapdown stabilized platform used in automatic vertical drilling system,a new dynamic measurement algorithm based on three-axis accelerometer and three-axis fluxgate measurement signals is proposed and simulated under the condition of small inclination dynamic rotation.The error compensation algorithm is also proposed.The bench test of strapdown stabilized platform is designed and carried out.The results show that:When the azimuth angle is the same,the larger the inclination angle is,the greater the error of the measurement results will be.When the inclination angle is the same,the measurement error is the largest when the azimuth angle is 90°and 270°,and the measurement error curve presents a sinusoidal change with the change of azimuth angle.After the error function compensation,the error curve between the calculation results and the true value is basically not affected by the inclination angle and the azimuth angle,and the calculation accuracy is signifi cantly improved.Under the random rotating speed of 0-180 rpm,the minimum error of the measured well inclination value was no more than 0.03°and the maximum was no more than 1.58°.The feasibility of the proposed dynamic azimuth measurement algorithm is verifi ed.This article provides a technical reference for the strapdown automatic drilling system.
基金funded Secondary Classroom Project fund of Capital Medical University (Project Number:D2KT 2021092).
文摘Background:Septic shock is a common systemic inflammatory response syndrome for critical patients in the intensive care unit.Ulinastatin is currently used for the treatment of septic shock.Our study sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ulinastatin in the treatment of septic shock patients.Methods:Three English databases(Embase,Medline,and Cochrane Library)and four Chinese databases(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang data,SinoMed,and VIP)were searched for published randomized controlled trials.Stata 16.0 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis.Results:A total of 48 articles were included(Chinese article 47,1 in English).The results show that the treatment of ulinastatin could reduce mortality(risk ratio=0.63,95%confidence interval(CI)(0.55,0.72)),multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(risk ratio=0.6,95%CI(0.53,0.68)),length of intensive care unit stay(mean difference(MD)=-3.92,95%CI(-4.65,-3.18)),length of hospital stay(MD=-4.39,95%CI(-6.63,-2.15))and decrease Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score(MD=-4.55,95%CI(-5.63,-3.47))and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score(MD=-2.02,95%CI(-2.59,-1.44))with P<0.001.Moreover,it lowers TNF-α(standardized mean difference(SMD)=-1.78,95%CI(-2.24,-1.32)),Interleukin-6(SMD=-1.17,95%CI(-1.55,-0.8)),C reactive protein(SMD=-1.49,95%CI(-1.99,-0.99)),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(SMD=-1.9,95%CI(-2.87,-0.94))and procalcitonin(SMD=-0.89,95%CI(-1.12,-0.67))levels in the body.Conclusions:Available evidence shows that ulinastatin reduces case mortality rate,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,length of intensive care unit stay,and length of hospital stay and decreases Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score.Moreover,it also lowers TNF-α,Interleukin-6,C reactive protein,hypersensitive C-reactive protein,and procalcitonin levels in the body.
基金funded by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(grant number:2024-1G-4023)the Special Project for Director,China Center for Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine(grant number:2020YJSZX-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:72074011).
文摘Objective: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is increasingly being used as a potential prognosis biomarker in patients of breast cancer. This review aims to assess the clinical value of ctDNA in outcome prediction in breast cancer patients throughout the whole treatment cycle. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and clinical trials.gov were searched from January 2016 to May 2022. Conference abstracts published in last three years were also included. The following search terms were used: ctDNA OR circulating tumor DNA AND breast cancer OR breast carcinoma. Only studies written in English languages were included. The following pre-specified criteria should be met for inclusion: (1) observational studies (prospective or retrospective), randomized control trials, case-control studies and case series studies;(2) patients with breast cancer;(3) ctDNA measurement;(4) clinical outcome data such as objective response rate (ORR), pathological complete response (pCR), relapse-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and so on. The random-effect model was preferred considering the potential heterogeneity across studies. The primary outcomes included postoperative short-term outcomes (ORR and pCR) and postoperative long-term outcomes (RFS, OS, and relapse). Secondary outcomes focused on ctDNA detection rate. Results: A total of 30 studies, comprising of 19 cohort studies, 2 case-control studies and 9 case series studies were included. The baseline ctDNA was significantly negatively associated with ORR outcome (Relative Risk [RR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50–0.83), with lower ORR in the ctDNA-positive group than ctDNAnegative group. ctDNA during neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) treatment was significantly associated with pCR outcomes (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.04–0.54). The strong association between ctDNA and RFS or relapse outcome was significant across the whole treatment period, especially after the surgery (RFS: Hazard Ratio [HR] = 6.74, 95% CI: 3.73–12.17;relapse outcome: RR = 7.11, 95% CI: 3.05–16.53), although there was heterogeneity in these results. Pre-operative and post-operative ctDNA measurements were significantly associated with OS outcomes (pre-operative: HR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.12–3.70;post-operative: HR = 6.03, 95% CI: 1.31–27.78). Conclusions: In this review, ctDNA measurements at different timepoints are correlated with evaluation indexes at different periods after treatment. The ctDNA can be used as an early potential postoperative prognosis biomarker in breast cancer, and also as a reference index to evaluate the therapeutic effect at different stages.
文摘BACKGROUND Aneurysmal bone cyst(ABC)is a benign cystic of unknown etiology,characterized by multiple chambers and a high recurrence rate.Current treatment options include vascular embolization,surgical excision,curettage with cavity filling,sclerosing agent injection into the cavity,radiotherapy,and systemic drug therapy.Among these,surgical excision and curettage are the preferred treatment modalities.However,when the cyst reaches a large size,extensive removal of diseased tissue during surgery can hinder bone healing.In our department,we treated a case of a large ABC at the distal end of the femur in a child using the Ilizarov technique.The tumor was completely excised,and reconstruction was achieved through autologous femoral bone transfer.The follow-up at two years post-surgery indicated good results without tumor recurrence,and the growth and development of the child were essentially unaffected.CASE SUMMARY An 11-year-old boy was presented with an accidental fracture of his right leg.Despite having been examined at other hospitals,he had not received treatment.Given the potential for significant bone defects and the difficulty of the surgery,our doctors opted to use the Ilizarov technique to minimize harm to the patient.Upon admission,the patient underwent a needle biopsy and complete tumor resection-the Ilizarov technique assisted in the transport and reconstruction of the autologous femoral bone.Postoperatively,the patient exhibited regular followups,during which bone transport was gradually performed,and the external fixation frame was removed on time.Follow-up X-rays of the right lower limb displayed no tumor recurrence,with a normal appearance.Bone formation at the cutting site was satisfactory,and the union of the bone ends indicated good healing.After two years of follow-up,the patient had essentially returned to normal.CONCLUSION We successfully applied the Ilizarov technique to treat ABC,reducing the financial burden of patients and the pain of multiple surgeries.In cases where significant bone defects occur,the Ilizarov technique has demonstrated satisfactory therapeutic outcomes.
基金financial support from the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82130093)Wenhong Zhang,Juanjuan Zhang acknowledge financial support from Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(HS2021SHZX001)+2 种基金Wenhong Zhang acknowledges financial support from the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82161138018 and 82041010)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(20dz2260100,20Z11901100)Shanghai Hospital Development Center(SHDC2020 CR5010-002).
文摘The SARS-CoV-2 virus,particularly the Omicron BA.2 variant,led to a significant surge in Shanghai,2022.However,the viral load dynamic in Omicron infections with varying clinical severities remain unclear.This prospective cohort included 48,830 hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients across three hospitals in Shanghai,China,between 23 March and 15 May,2022.Systematic nucleic acid testing was performed using RT-PCR Cycle threshold(Ct)value as a proxy of viral load.We analyzed the kinetic characteristics of viral shedding by clinical severity and identified associated risk factors.The study comprised 31.06%asymptomatic cases,67.66%mild-moderate cases,1.00%severe cases,0.29%critical and fatal cases.Upon admission,57%of patients tested positive,with peak viral load observed at 4 days(median Ct value 27.5),followed by a decrease and an average viral shedding time(VST)of 6.1 days(Interquartile range,4.0–8.8 days).Although viral load exhibited variation by age and clinical severity,peak Ct values occurred at similar times.Unvaccinated status,age exceeding 60,and comorbidities including hypertension,renal issues kidney dialysis and kidney transplantation,neurological disorders,rheumatism,and psychotic conditions were found to correlate with elevated peak viral load and extended VST.Asymptomatic cases demonstrated a 40%likelihood of contagiousness within 6 days of detection,while mild-moderate and severe cases exhibited post-symptom resolution infectious probabilities of 27%and over 50%,respectively.These findings revealed that the initial Ct values serve as a predictive indicator of severe outcomes.Unvaccinated elderly individuals with particular comorbidities are at high-risk for elevated viral load and prolonged VST.
基金funded by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improve-ment and Research(grant number:2024-1G-4023)the Special Project for Director,China Center for Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine(grant number:2020YJSZX-2)the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(grant number:72074011)。
文摘Objective:Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is increasingly being used as a potential prognostic biomarker in cancer patients.We aimed to assess the prognostic value of ctDNA in different subtypes of breast cancer patients throughout the whole treatment cycle.Materials and methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,Scopus,and clinical trials.gov databases were searched from January 2016 to May 2022.The following search terms were used:ctDNA OR circulating tumor DNA AND breast cancer OR breast carcinoma.Only studies written in English were included.The following pre-specified criteria should be met for inclusion:(i)original articles,conference abstracts,etc.;(ii)patients with breast cancer;(iii)ctDNA measurement;and(iv)clinical outcome data such as recurrence-free survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS).The random-effects model was preferred considering the potential het-erogeneity across studies.The main outcomes are ctDNA detection rate and postoperative long-term outcomes(RFS and OS).Results:A total of 24 studies were screened.At every measurement time,the ctDNA detection rate of the HR+subgroup was similar to that of the HR-subgroup(P=0.075;P=0.458;P=0.744;and P=0.578),and the ctDNA detection rate of the HER2+subgroup was similar to that of the HER2-subgroup(P=0.805;P=0.271;P=0.807;and P=0.703).In the HR+subgroup,RFS and OS of ctDNA positive patients were similar to those of ctDNA negative patients(P=0.589 and P=0.110),while RFS and OS of the ctDNA positive group was significantly shorter than those of the ctDNA negative patients in the HR-subgroup(HR=4.03,P<0.001;HR=3.21,P<0.001).According to HER grouping,the results were the same as above.In the triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)subgroup,the RFS and OS of ctDNA-positive patients was significantly shorter than of the ctDNA negative patients before and after surgery.Conclusions:ctDNA was more predictive of recurrence-free survival and overall survival in the HR-subgroup than in the HR+subgroup,and the same result was showed in the HER2-subgroup vs.HER2+subgroup.The prognosis of the TNBC subtype is closely related to ctDNA before and after surgery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.72074011)the Real World Study Project of Hainan Boao Lecheng Pilot Zone(Real World Study Base of NMPA)(HNLC2022RWS012)+1 种基金the fundamental research funds for central public welfare research institutes(2023CZ-11)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82003536).
文摘Background:Patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk for developing multiple chronic complications.However,there is a lack of studies of the cumulative number of diabetic complications in China.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed from 2009 to 2021.Type 2 diabetes patients who were first diagnosed after the age of 35 years between January 1,2009,and December 31,2017,were included.Five states were defined according to the number of chronic complications:no(S0),one(S1),two(S2),three(S3),and four or more complications(S4).A multi-state Markov model was constructed to estimate transition probability,transition intensity,mean sojourn time,and the possible factors for each state.Results:The study included 32653 type 2 diabetes patients(mean age,59.59 years;15929(48.8%)male),and mean follow-up time of 7.75 years.In all,4375 transitions were observed.The 12-year transition probability of from state S0 to S1 was the lowest at 16.4%,while that from S2 to S3 was the highest,at 45.6%.Higher fasting blood glucose,lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,higher total cholesterol,and an unhealthy diet were associated with higher risk of progression from S0 to S1.Being female,less than 60 years old,weekly physical activity,and vegetarian diet decreased this risk.Being female and less than 60 years old reduced the likelihood of transition from S1 to S2,whereas lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased this likelihood.Conclusions:Following the occurrence of two complications in type 2 diabetes patients,the risk for accumulating a third complication within a short time is significantly increased.It is important to take advantage of the stable window period when patients have fewer than two complications,strengthen the monitoring of blood glucose and blood lipids,and encourage patients to maintain good living habits to prevent further deterioration.
文摘Continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)is widely used for treating critically-ill patients in the emergency department in China.Anticoagulant therapy is needed to prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circulation during CRRT.Regional citrate anticoagulation(RCA)has been shown to potentially be safer and more effective,and is now recommended as the preferred anticoagulant method for CRRT.However,there is still a lack of unified standards for RCA management in the world,and there are many problems in using this method in clinical practice.The Emergency Medical Doctor Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association(CMDA)organized a panel of domestic emergency medicine experts and international experts of CRRT to discuss RCA-related issues,including the advantages and disadvantages of RCA in CRRT anticoagulation,the principle of RCA,parameter settings for RCA,monitoring of RCA(mainly metabolic acid-base disorders),and special issues during RCA.Based on the latest available research evidence as well as the paneled experts'clinical experience,considering the generalizability,suitability,and potential resource utilization,while also balancing clinical advantages and disadvantages,a total of 16 guideline recommendations were formed from the experts'consensus.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81372364the State Key Program of Nanjing of China,No.ZKX14022
文摘AIM To find an accurate and simple predictor for postoperative short-term complications after gastrectomy. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-three patients undergoing gastric cancer resection between October 1,2015 and September 30,2016 were enrolled in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used toidentify risk factors for complications after gastrectomy. The cutoff values and diagnostic accuracy were examined by receiver operating characteristic curves.RESULTS Sixty-two(27.8%) patients had short-term complications after gastric cancer resection. The postoperative decrease in serum albumin(?ALB) was an independent risk factor for complications(OR = 17.957,95%CI: 6.073-53.095,P < 0.001). The cutoff value was 14.0% and the area under the curve was higher than that of C-reactive protein on postoperative day 3(area under the curve: 0.806 vs 0.709). Patients with ?ALB ≥ 14.0% were more likely to have short-term complications after gastrectomy(46.7% vs 5.0%,P < 0.001),prolonged hospital stay(17.2 ± 10.8 d vs 14.1 ± 4.2 d,P = 0.007) and higher comprehensive complication index(P < 0.001) than those with ?ALB < 14.0%.CONCLUSION Postoperative ?ALB with a cutoff of 14.0% can be used to recognize patients who have high risk of short-term complications following gastric cancer resection.
文摘Many studies have demonstrated that leukoaraiosis is associated with impaired cerebrovascular reserve function. However, the definitive hemodynamic changes that occur in leukoaraiosis are not clear, and there are many controversies. This study aimed to investigate hemodynamic changes in symptomatic leukoaraiosis using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and the breath-holding test in a Chinese Han population, from northern China. A total of 203 patients who were diagnosed with ischemic stroke or clinical chronic progressive ischemic symptoms were enrolled in this study, including 97 males and 106 females, with an age range of 43-93 years. The severity of leukoaraiosis was evaluated according to the Fazekas grading scale, and patients were divided into four groups accordingly. Grade 0 was no leukoaraiosis, and grades I, II, and III were mild, moderate, and severe leukoaraiosis, respectively, with 44, 79, 44, and 36 cases in each group. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and the breath-holding test were performed. The mean blood flow velocity of the bilateral middle cerebral artery was measured and the breath-holding index was calculated. The breath holding index was correlated with leukoaraiosis severity and cognitive impairment. Patients with a low breath holding index presented poor performance in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and executive function tests. That is, the lower the breath holding index, the lower the scores for the MoCA and the higher for the trail-making test Parts A and B. These results indicate that the breath-holding index is a useful parameter for the evaluation of cerebrovascular reserve impairment in patients with leukoaraiosis. In addition, the breath-holding index can reflect cognitive dysfunction, providing a new insight into the pathophysiology of leukoaraiosis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fifth Peoples Hospital of Shenyang, China (approval No. 20160301) and registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800014421).
文摘Oocytes display a maternal-specific gene expression profile, which is switched to a zygotic profile when a haploid set of chromatin is passed on to the fertilized egg that develops into an embryo. The mechanism underlying this transcription reprogramming is currently unknown. Here we demonstrate that by the time when transcription is shut down in germinal vesicle oocytes, a range of general transcription factors and transcriptional regulators are dissociated from the chromatin. The global dissociation of chromatin factors （CFs） disrupts physical contacts between the chromatin and CFs and leads to erasure of the maternal transcription program at the functional level. Critical transcription factors and regulators remain separated from chromatin for a prolonged period, and become re-associated with chromatin shortly after pronuclear formation. This is followed temporally by the re-establishment of nuclear functions such as DNA replication and transcription. We propose that the maternal transcription program is erased during oogenesis to generate a relatively naive chromatin and the zygotic transcription program is rebuilt de novo after fertilization. This process is termed as the ＂erase-and-rebuild＂ process, which is used to reset the transcription program, and most likely other nuclear processes as well, from a maternal one to that of the embryo. We further show in the accompanying paper （Gao T, et al., Cell Res 2007; 17：135-150.） that the same strategy is also employed to reprogram transcriptional profiles in somatic cell nuclear transfer and parthenogenesis, suggesting that this model is universally applicable to all forms of transcriptional reprogramming during early embryogenesis. Displacement of CFs from chromatin also offers an explanation for the phenomenon of transcription silence during the maternal to zygotic transition.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.11ZR1432100)Shanghai Postdoctoral Science Foundation(11R21420900)
文摘Nanoimprint lithography(NIL) is an emerging micro/nano-patterning technique,which is a high-resolution,high-throughput and yet simple fabrication process.According to International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductor(ITRS),NIL has emerged as the next generation lithography candidate for the22 nm and 16 nm technological nodes.In this paper,we present an overview of nanoimprint lithography.The classfication,research focus,critical issues,and the future of nanoimprint lithography are intensively elaborated.A pattern as small as 2.4 nm has been demonstrated.Full-wafer nanoimprint lithography has been completed on a 12-inch wafer.Recently,12.5 nm pattern resolution through soft molecular scale nanoimprint lithography has been achieved by EV Group,a leading nanoimprint lithography technology supplier.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51875113)the Natural Science Joint Guidance Foundation of the Heilongjiang Province of China(No.LH2019E027)the PhD Student Research and Innovation Fund of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.XK2070021009),China。
文摘A control valve is one of the most widely used machines in hydraulic systems.However,it often works in harsh environments and failure occurs from time to time.An intelligent and robust control valve fault diagnosis is therefore important for operation of the system.In this study,a fault diagnosis based on the mathematical model(MM)imputation and the modified deep residual shrinkage network(MDRSN)is proposed to solve the problem that data-driven models for control valves are susceptible to changing operating conditions and missing data.The multiple fault time-series samples of the control valve at different openings are collected for fault diagnosis to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The effects of the proposed method in missing data imputation and fault diagnosis are analyzed.Compared with random and k-nearest neighbor(KNN)imputation,the accuracies of MM-based imputation are improved by 17.87%and 21.18%,in the circumstances of a20.00%data missing rate at valve opening from 10%to 28%.Furthermore,the results show that the proposed MDRSN can maintain high fault diagnosis accuracy with missing data.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81202680)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.200802280003,20092327120001)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(20100481034)Heilongjiang administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Foundation(ZHYO-W42)Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Foundation(No.200901)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of Busuishengxue granules on non-severe aplastic anemia(NSAA)and investigate its effect on the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(MAPK/ERK)pathway.METHODS:Sixty NSAA patients were divided equally into two groups.Subjects in the experimental group were treated with Busuishengxue granules,and the control group with Zaizaoshengxue tablets.The treatment course was 6 months and cu-rative efficacy was compared between the two groups as well as with 10 healthy individuals.Flow cytometry(FCM)was used to detect the intracellular concentration of Ca2+([Ca2+]i).Western blotting was employed to detect the expression of enzymes in the MAPK/ERK pathway.RESULTS:The efficacy of Busuishengxue granules was significantly better than that of Zaizaoshengxue tablets(P<0.05).Before treatment,expression of JNK,phospho-ERK 1/2 and p-JNK was higher,and[Ca2+]i higher,than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment with Busuishengxue granules,expression of all enzymes related to signal transduction pathways in the blood cells of NSSA patients were altered to different degrees.CONCLUSION:Busuishengxue granules had a better effect with regard to improving symptom scores,increasing the number of blood leukocytes,and increasing hemoglobin levels than Zaizaoshengxue tablets,and they differed slightly in terms of increasing the number of platelets.
