BACKGROUND Choledochal cyst is a rare biliary tract disorder with five subtypes categorized based on the anatomical location of cystic dilatation.Type IV(which affects the intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts)is the mo...BACKGROUND Choledochal cyst is a rare biliary tract disorder with five subtypes categorized based on the anatomical location of cystic dilatation.Type IV(which affects the intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts)is the most common subtype in adults.Its clinical manifestations are diverse and the disease can potentially become malignant.Currently,the mainstay treatment is surgical excision which is used as a definitive treatment to prevent complications and avoid carcinogenesis.However,the surgical operation for giant choledochal cysts is technically challenging.CASE SUMMARY Here,we present a case of a giant choledochal cyst in an 18-year-old female.The diagnosis of patient was confirmed through magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.The patient developed acute cholangitis,and was treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage to alleviate symptoms.The final treatment approach was cyst excision followed by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy,which successfully achieved excellent postoperative recovery.CONCLUSION Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography can effectively diagnose choledochal cysts.Combined percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage surgery for giant choledochal cysts is safe and effective.展开更多
目的观察国产苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松治疗复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(Relapse or Refractory Multiple Myeloma,RRMM)的临床疗效。方法回顾性选取2021年10月—2023年6月在广西玉林市红十字会医院血液肿瘤科就诊的32例RRMM患者的临...目的观察国产苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松治疗复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(Relapse or Refractory Multiple Myeloma,RRMM)的临床疗效。方法回顾性选取2021年10月—2023年6月在广西玉林市红十字会医院血液肿瘤科就诊的32例RRMM患者的临床资料。所有患者均使用苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松方案再诱导治疗。评估患者的总有效率、无进展生成期、总生存期及不良反应。结果32例RRMM均接受国产苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松治疗1疗程以上,治疗中位疗程数为[4(1,8)]个,总有效率18例;≥非常好的部分缓解6例。32例患者随访中位PFS为[7.4(3.5,12.8)]个月,中位OS时间为[11.3(4.6,18.8)]个月。血液学不良反应较为常见的是中性粒细胞计数减少7例、血小板减少6例、贫血6例;非血液学不良反应中常见乏力18例、呼吸道感染6例、心脏事件5例,恶心4例及周围神经病变4例。结论苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松对治疗RRMM患者是一种较好的选择,临床治疗效果较好,不良反应性较轻。展开更多
Herpes zoster(HZ)is a painful condition resulting from reactivation of dormant varicella-zoster virus(VZV)in a previously VZV-infected person[1].Typical clinical manifestation of HZ are unilateral radicular pain and a...Herpes zoster(HZ)is a painful condition resulting from reactivation of dormant varicella-zoster virus(VZV)in a previously VZV-infected person[1].Typical clinical manifestation of HZ are unilateral radicular pain and a vesicular rash limited to one side of the body in the distribution of a nerve[2].The most common complication of HZ postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).展开更多
BACKGROUND Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that predominantly affects the kidney and uterus.The occurrence of this tumor in the liver,particularly with simultaneous involvemen...BACKGROUND Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that predominantly affects the kidney and uterus.The occurrence of this tumor in the liver,particularly with simultaneous involvement of the liver and kidney,is exceedingly uncommon.Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard.PEComas usually show positive immunohistochemical staining for melanocytic(HMB-45,Melan-A)and myoid(SMA,muscle-specific actin)markers.CASE SUMMARY We presented a noteworthy case of malignant PEComa affecting both the liver and kidney in a 53-year-old man with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC).FAT2 and TP73 mutations in the kidney were identified and positive expression of diagnostic markers including HMB-45,Melan A,and TFE3 were detected.In addition,we demonstrated that hepatic artery perfusion chemotherapy was ineffective for hepatic PEComa,while surgery remained the most effective approach.Everolimus showed an excellent efficacy in the postoperative treatment of the tumor.CONCLUSION Surgical treatment is preferred for malignant PEComa affecting liver and kidney,especially with TSC;everolimus is effective postoperatively.展开更多
Inspired by the fast,agile movements of insects,we present a 1.9 g,4.5 cm in length,piezoelectrically driven,quadrupedal microrobot.This microrobot uses a novel spatial parallel mechanism as its hip joint,which consis...Inspired by the fast,agile movements of insects,we present a 1.9 g,4.5 cm in length,piezoelectrically driven,quadrupedal microrobot.This microrobot uses a novel spatial parallel mechanism as its hip joint,which consists of two spatially orthogonal slider-crank linkages.This mechanism maps two inputs of two independent actuators to the decoupled swing and lift outputs of a leg,and each leg can produce the closed trajectories in the sagittal plane necessary for robot motion.Moreover,the kinematics of the transmission are analyzed,and the parameters of the flexure hinges are designed based on geometrical constraints and yield conditions.The hip joints,legs and exoskeletons are integrated into a five-layer standard laminate for monolithic fabrication which is composed of two layers of carbon fiber,two layers of acrylic adhesive and a polyimide film.The measured output force(15.97 mN)of each leg is enough to carry half of the robot’s weight,which is necessary for the robot to move successfully.It has been proven that the robot can successfully perform forward and turning motions.Compared to the microrobot fabricated with discrete components,the monolithically fabricated microrobot is more capable of maintaining the original direction of locomotion when driven by a forward signal and has a greater speed,whose maximum speed is 25.05 cm/s.展开更多
Mesoporous titanium nanoparticles(MTNs) have emerged as an important porous semiconductor owning to their large surface area and unique electronic/optical properties. However, the fundamental research for rational man...Mesoporous titanium nanoparticles(MTNs) have emerged as an important porous semiconductor owning to their large surface area and unique electronic/optical properties. However, the fundamental research for rational manufacturing MTNs in a highly scalable manner remains a challenge. In this study, we report a two-step flash nanocomplexation(FNC) approach to large-scalable generate MTNs through the sequential combination of two multi-inlet vortex mixers. By optimizing the concentrated titanium precursor,polyethylene glycol(PEG)-functionalized silane amount and p H, we have been able to produce MTNs with small particle size(31.5 nm), larger surface area(416.9 m^(2)/g) and pore volume(0.59 cm^(3)/g). Different from the traditional MTNs bulk, FNC-produced MTNs exhibited well-controlled manner and exceptional photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. Importantly, the optimized MTNs outperformed commercial P25 not only in protecting ultraviolet A(UVA)-exposed skin, but also in treating P. aeruginosa-infected wound. We believe that the high controllability and scalability of sequential flash nanocomplexation method offers great opportunities in enhancing the performance of mesoporous titanium nanoparticles.展开更多
The development of a tailless Flapping Wing Micro Aerial Vehicle(FWMAV)inspired by the hummingbird is presented in this work.By implementing mechanical simplifications,it is possible to use planar machining technology...The development of a tailless Flapping Wing Micro Aerial Vehicle(FWMAV)inspired by the hummingbird is presented in this work.By implementing mechanical simplifications,it is possible to use planar machining technology for manufacturing of the FWMAV’s body,greatly reducing assembly errors.Traditionally,studies on flapping wing aircraft are limited to open-loop wing kinematics control.In this work,an instantaneous closed-loop wing trajectory tracking control system is introduced to minimize wings’trajectory tracking errors.The control system is based on Field-Oriented Control(FOC)with a loop shaping compensation technique near the flapping frequency.Through frequency analysis,the loop shaping compensator ensures the satisfactory bandwidth and performance for the closed-loop flapping system.To implement the proposed controller,a compact autopilot board integrated with FOC hardware is designed,weighing only 2.5 g.By utilizing precise wing trajectory tracking control,the hummingbird-inspired FWMAV demonstrates superior ability to resist external disturbances and exhibits reduced attitude tracking errors during hovering flight compared to the open-loop wing motion.展开更多
Passively stabilized double-wing Flapping Micro Air Vehicles(FMAVs)do not require active control and exhibit good electromagnetic interference resistance,with significant research value.In this paper,the dynamic model...Passively stabilized double-wing Flapping Micro Air Vehicles(FMAVs)do not require active control and exhibit good electromagnetic interference resistance,with significant research value.In this paper,the dynamic model of FMAV was established as the foundation for identifying flapping damping coefficients.Through a pendulum experiment,we ascertain the flapping damping of the damper using the energy conservation method.Besides,fitting relationships between the damper area,damper mass,and the moment of inertia are developed.The factors influencing the bottom damper damping are deter-mined using correlation coefficients and hypothesis testing methods.Additionally,stable dampers are installed on both the top and bottom of the FMAV to achieve passive stability in simulations.The minimum damper areas for the FMAV were optimized using genetic algorithms,resulting in a minimum top damper area of 128 cm^(2) and a minimum bottom damper area of 80 cm^(2).A prototype with a mass of 25.5 g and a wingspan of 22 cm has been constructed.Prototype testing demonstrated that FMAV can take off stably with a 3 g payload and a tilt angle of 5°.During testing,the area-to-mass ratio of the FMAV reached 7.29 cm^(2)/g,achieving passive stability with the world's smallest area-to-mass ratio.展开更多
基金Supported by Cuiying Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,No.CY2024-MS-B04Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project,No.24JRRA331the Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project of Gansu Province,No.GZKZ-2024-26.
文摘BACKGROUND Choledochal cyst is a rare biliary tract disorder with five subtypes categorized based on the anatomical location of cystic dilatation.Type IV(which affects the intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts)is the most common subtype in adults.Its clinical manifestations are diverse and the disease can potentially become malignant.Currently,the mainstay treatment is surgical excision which is used as a definitive treatment to prevent complications and avoid carcinogenesis.However,the surgical operation for giant choledochal cysts is technically challenging.CASE SUMMARY Here,we present a case of a giant choledochal cyst in an 18-year-old female.The diagnosis of patient was confirmed through magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.The patient developed acute cholangitis,and was treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage to alleviate symptoms.The final treatment approach was cyst excision followed by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy,which successfully achieved excellent postoperative recovery.CONCLUSION Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography can effectively diagnose choledochal cysts.Combined percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage surgery for giant choledochal cysts is safe and effective.
文摘目的观察国产苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松治疗复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(Relapse or Refractory Multiple Myeloma,RRMM)的临床疗效。方法回顾性选取2021年10月—2023年6月在广西玉林市红十字会医院血液肿瘤科就诊的32例RRMM患者的临床资料。所有患者均使用苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松方案再诱导治疗。评估患者的总有效率、无进展生成期、总生存期及不良反应。结果32例RRMM均接受国产苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松治疗1疗程以上,治疗中位疗程数为[4(1,8)]个,总有效率18例;≥非常好的部分缓解6例。32例患者随访中位PFS为[7.4(3.5,12.8)]个月,中位OS时间为[11.3(4.6,18.8)]个月。血液学不良反应较为常见的是中性粒细胞计数减少7例、血小板减少6例、贫血6例;非血液学不良反应中常见乏力18例、呼吸道感染6例、心脏事件5例,恶心4例及周围神经病变4例。结论苯达莫司汀+卡非佐米+地塞米松对治疗RRMM患者是一种较好的选择,临床治疗效果较好,不良反应性较轻。
基金supported by the Operation of Public Health Emergency Response Mechanism of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(10239322002001,0000017)Research on Vaccine Evaluation Strategy and capacity Building Project(09207).
文摘Herpes zoster(HZ)is a painful condition resulting from reactivation of dormant varicella-zoster virus(VZV)in a previously VZV-infected person[1].Typical clinical manifestation of HZ are unilateral radicular pain and a vesicular rash limited to one side of the body in the distribution of a nerve[2].The most common complication of HZ postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).
基金Supported by Cuiying Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,No.CY2022-QN-A13 and No.CY2023-QN-A02Lanzhou Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2023-4-26+1 种基金Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project,No.23JRRA1630 and No.24JRRA331Gansu Provincial Health Research Program Project,No.GSWSKY-2019-32.
文摘BACKGROUND Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that predominantly affects the kidney and uterus.The occurrence of this tumor in the liver,particularly with simultaneous involvement of the liver and kidney,is exceedingly uncommon.Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard.PEComas usually show positive immunohistochemical staining for melanocytic(HMB-45,Melan-A)and myoid(SMA,muscle-specific actin)markers.CASE SUMMARY We presented a noteworthy case of malignant PEComa affecting both the liver and kidney in a 53-year-old man with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC).FAT2 and TP73 mutations in the kidney were identified and positive expression of diagnostic markers including HMB-45,Melan A,and TFE3 were detected.In addition,we demonstrated that hepatic artery perfusion chemotherapy was ineffective for hepatic PEComa,while surgery remained the most effective approach.Everolimus showed an excellent efficacy in the postoperative treatment of the tumor.CONCLUSION Surgical treatment is preferred for malignant PEComa affecting liver and kidney,especially with TSC;everolimus is effective postoperatively.
基金supported by the Shanghai professional technology service platform under Grant 19DZ2291103.
文摘Inspired by the fast,agile movements of insects,we present a 1.9 g,4.5 cm in length,piezoelectrically driven,quadrupedal microrobot.This microrobot uses a novel spatial parallel mechanism as its hip joint,which consists of two spatially orthogonal slider-crank linkages.This mechanism maps two inputs of two independent actuators to the decoupled swing and lift outputs of a leg,and each leg can produce the closed trajectories in the sagittal plane necessary for robot motion.Moreover,the kinematics of the transmission are analyzed,and the parameters of the flexure hinges are designed based on geometrical constraints and yield conditions.The hip joints,legs and exoskeletons are integrated into a five-layer standard laminate for monolithic fabrication which is composed of two layers of carbon fiber,two layers of acrylic adhesive and a polyimide film.The measured output force(15.97 mN)of each leg is enough to carry half of the robot’s weight,which is necessary for the robot to move successfully.It has been proven that the robot can successfully perform forward and turning motions.Compared to the microrobot fabricated with discrete components,the monolithically fabricated microrobot is more capable of maintaining the original direction of locomotion when driven by a forward signal and has a greater speed,whose maximum speed is 25.05 cm/s.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.32271388)。
文摘Mesoporous titanium nanoparticles(MTNs) have emerged as an important porous semiconductor owning to their large surface area and unique electronic/optical properties. However, the fundamental research for rational manufacturing MTNs in a highly scalable manner remains a challenge. In this study, we report a two-step flash nanocomplexation(FNC) approach to large-scalable generate MTNs through the sequential combination of two multi-inlet vortex mixers. By optimizing the concentrated titanium precursor,polyethylene glycol(PEG)-functionalized silane amount and p H, we have been able to produce MTNs with small particle size(31.5 nm), larger surface area(416.9 m^(2)/g) and pore volume(0.59 cm^(3)/g). Different from the traditional MTNs bulk, FNC-produced MTNs exhibited well-controlled manner and exceptional photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. Importantly, the optimized MTNs outperformed commercial P25 not only in protecting ultraviolet A(UVA)-exposed skin, but also in treating P. aeruginosa-infected wound. We believe that the high controllability and scalability of sequential flash nanocomplexation method offers great opportunities in enhancing the performance of mesoporous titanium nanoparticles.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62073217,No.61871266)the Fund of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China(6141A02022607,6141A020227)the Fund of the Professional Technical Service Platform of Shanghai(19DZ2291103).
文摘The development of a tailless Flapping Wing Micro Aerial Vehicle(FWMAV)inspired by the hummingbird is presented in this work.By implementing mechanical simplifications,it is possible to use planar machining technology for manufacturing of the FWMAV’s body,greatly reducing assembly errors.Traditionally,studies on flapping wing aircraft are limited to open-loop wing kinematics control.In this work,an instantaneous closed-loop wing trajectory tracking control system is introduced to minimize wings’trajectory tracking errors.The control system is based on Field-Oriented Control(FOC)with a loop shaping compensation technique near the flapping frequency.Through frequency analysis,the loop shaping compensator ensures the satisfactory bandwidth and performance for the closed-loop flapping system.To implement the proposed controller,a compact autopilot board integrated with FOC hardware is designed,weighing only 2.5 g.By utilizing precise wing trajectory tracking control,the hummingbird-inspired FWMAV demonstrates superior ability to resist external disturbances and exhibits reduced attitude tracking errors during hovering flight compared to the open-loop wing motion.
基金support by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61871266the Professional technical service platform of Shanghai under Grant 19DZ2291103.
文摘Passively stabilized double-wing Flapping Micro Air Vehicles(FMAVs)do not require active control and exhibit good electromagnetic interference resistance,with significant research value.In this paper,the dynamic model of FMAV was established as the foundation for identifying flapping damping coefficients.Through a pendulum experiment,we ascertain the flapping damping of the damper using the energy conservation method.Besides,fitting relationships between the damper area,damper mass,and the moment of inertia are developed.The factors influencing the bottom damper damping are deter-mined using correlation coefficients and hypothesis testing methods.Additionally,stable dampers are installed on both the top and bottom of the FMAV to achieve passive stability in simulations.The minimum damper areas for the FMAV were optimized using genetic algorithms,resulting in a minimum top damper area of 128 cm^(2) and a minimum bottom damper area of 80 cm^(2).A prototype with a mass of 25.5 g and a wingspan of 22 cm has been constructed.Prototype testing demonstrated that FMAV can take off stably with a 3 g payload and a tilt angle of 5°.During testing,the area-to-mass ratio of the FMAV reached 7.29 cm^(2)/g,achieving passive stability with the world's smallest area-to-mass ratio.
