Introduction.As the 21st century advances,the world faces unprecedented challenges,from novel infectious diseases to rapid developments in dual-use biotechnologies,set against an increasingly complex geopolitical back...Introduction.As the 21st century advances,the world faces unprecedented challenges,from novel infectious diseases to rapid developments in dual-use biotechnologies,set against an increasingly complex geopolitical backdrop[1].These challenges threatenglobal health,environmental stability,and national security,demanding robust biological risk governance[1,2].Central to this effort are the intertwined concepts of biosafety and biosecurity.Although these concepts have traditionally been distinguished-biosafety addressing unintentional risks and biosecurity targeting deliberate misuse-they share the fundamental goal of mitigating biological risks[3,4].展开更多
The compressive strength of the pellets is a key indicator that determines the production efficiency in straight grate.It usually relies on manual sampling and testing,which is cumbersome and inefficient.To address th...The compressive strength of the pellets is a key indicator that determines the production efficiency in straight grate.It usually relies on manual sampling and testing,which is cumbersome and inefficient.To address this,a time series prediction model for pellet compressive strength was developed,combining a gradient boosting decision tree with a temporal convolutional network(GBDT-TCN).Firstly,the key physical characteristics of the pellet production process were established through the feature construction method,and then the multicollinear features were eliminated based on the Spearman correlation coefficient.The final selection of feature parameters,amounting to 9,was determined using recursive feature elimination(RFE)method.Finally,the GBDT algorithm was used to establish the nonlinear relationship between these features and the compressive strength.The GBDT prediction results and process data were constructed into a time series dataset,which was input into the TCN unit cascade model.The time series information was captured through the distribution coefficient of the loss function in the time series.Results illustrate that the GBDT-TCN method proposed performs well in the task of predicting the compressive strength of pellets.Compared with the prediction model using only GBDT,the accuracy within±100 N is increased from 83.33%to 90.00%.展开更多
Microstructural heterogeneity of low-permeability sandstone roofs of deep unmineable coal seams due to diagenesis significantly affects rock mechanical behavior,greatly impacting the sealing potential of in situ CO_(2...Microstructural heterogeneity of low-permeability sandstone roofs of deep unmineable coal seams due to diagenesis significantly affects rock mechanical behavior,greatly impacting the sealing potential of in situ CO_(2) sequestration and the structural stability of the geological formation.However,little is known about how the microstructure of different mineral groups influences the multiscale mechanical behavior of deep sandstone.This study proposes a new method for quantitatively characterizing the multiscale mechanical properties of low-permeability sandstone and shows the mechanisms responsible for mechanical failure at the micro-,meso-,and macroscale.Triaxial compression tests and targeted nanoindentation tests were conducted to assess the micro-and macroscale mechanical properties of different types of sandstone.The micro-and macroscale experiments were coupled with numerical simulations of compression using a unified cohesive model based on Voronoi polygons to clarify the multiscale mechanical behavior.The results indicate that quartz,the primary mineral component of the sandstones examined,exhibits the strongest micromechanical properties,followed by feldspar,calcite,and clay minerals.Compared to polycrystalline quartz,monocrystalline quartz has a more stable microstructure and is mechanically stronger.The macro-mechanical properties of tight sandstone samples are weakened by increased microstructural inhomogeneity and larger grain size.This leads to a higher likelihood of splitting damage,characterized by a high degree of discrete and weak stress sensitivity.The major conclusion is that the positive rhythm lithofacies of medium-grained sandstone to siltstone are the most favorable for efficient CO_(2) sequestration in deep unmineable coal seams.展开更多
Produced water reinjection is a common strategy in offshore oilfield operations,yet the presence of solid particles in produced water can lead to localized formation pressure buildup,increasing the risk of rock fractu...Produced water reinjection is a common strategy in offshore oilfield operations,yet the presence of solid particles in produced water can lead to localized formation pressure buildup,increasing the risk of rock fracturing and leakage.In this study,we present an integrated experimental and numerical investigation to quantify the effects of particle migration on formation pressure and the spatial diffusion of injected water.Dynamic plugging experiments were performed to systematically examine the influence of injection rate and injection volume on core permeability.Results demonstrate that higher injection rates substantially reduce permeability,and the derived relationship between permeability and injection volume enables dynamic assessment of permeability evolution during reinjection.Complementary numerical simulations explored the impacts of injection length,particle concentration,and injection rate on formation pressure and diffusion behavior.Findings indicate that extending the injection section promotes pressure distribution and enlarges the diffusion area,whereas elevated particle concentrations and injection rates accelerate formation plugging,causing rapid pressure rise and constrained diffusion.展开更多
The development of high-performance carbon-based composite hosts plays decisive roles in the electrochemistry of lithium sulfur batteries.Herein,a novel metal-ion induced gelation self-assembly technology is reported ...The development of high-performance carbon-based composite hosts plays decisive roles in the electrochemistry of lithium sulfur batteries.Herein,a novel metal-ion induced gelation self-assembly technology is reported to construct sodium alginate carbon(SAC)based polar hierarchical carbon composites with cross-linked network architecture and in-situ co-grown cross-linked polar nanoparticles.Interestingly,it shows high versatility to an extensive array of materials including metals,alloys,and metallic oxides.As a representative,NiCo alloy nanoparticles are chosen to obtain the SAC/NiCo composite host for sulfur in LSBs,which possess superior physical/chemical adsorption capabilities and catalytic conversion kinetics to polysulfide in virtue of synergistic interaction between the hierarchical pore structures and NiCo catalyst.The designed SAC/NiCo-S cathode shows superior electrochemical performance with excellent rate capacity(2 C:693.5 mAh/g)and enhanced cycling stability(764.3 mAh/g at 0.1 C after 240 cycles).This work provides a straightforward approach for fabricating multifunctional carbon composites with adjustable component for advanced energy storage system.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the impact of bone collagen peptide(BCP)on patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA).[Methods]A total of 100 patients diagnosed with KOA were admitted to the study and randomly assigned to either a...[Objectives]To explore the impact of bone collagen peptide(BCP)on patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA).[Methods]A total of 100 patients diagnosed with KOA were admitted to the study and randomly assigned to either a control group or a treatment group,with each group comprising 50 participants.The control group received health education along with standard daily treatment protocols.In contrast,the treatment group was administered an additional dosage of 20 g of BCP twice daily,in conjunction with the treatment regimen provided to the control group.Both groups received continuous treatment for 3 months.The WOMAC scores and the WHOQOL-BREF scores of the participants in both groups were assessed both prior to and following treatment.[Results]Following treatment,the WOMAC scores of patients in the treatment group demonstrated a significant improvement compared to those in the control group(13.39±2.19 vs.15.46±1.30,P<0.05).Additionally,the WHOQOL-BREF scores for patients in both groups showed improvement,with the treatment group exhibiting superior WHOQOL-BREF scores relative to the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]For patients diagnosed with KOA,the supplementation of BCP alongside conventional treatment has been shown to significantly enhance knee joint function and improve the overall quality of life for these individuals.展开更多
Glioma,the most prevalent primary tumor of the central nervous system(CNS),is also the most lethal primary malignant tumor.Currently,there are limited chemotherapeutics available for glioma treatment,necessitating fur...Glioma,the most prevalent primary tumor of the central nervous system(CNS),is also the most lethal primary malignant tumor.Currently,there are limited chemotherapeutics available for glioma treatment,necessitating further research to identify and develop new chemotherapeutic agents.A significant approach to discovering anti-glioma drugs involves isolating antitumor active ingredients from natural products(NPs)and optimizing their structures.Additionally,targeted drug delivery systems(TDDSs)are employed to enhance drug solubility and stability and overcome the blood-brain barrier(BBB).TDDSs can penetrate deep into the brain,increase drug concentration and retention time in the CNS,and improve the targeting efficiency of NPs,thereby reducing adverse effects and enhancing anti-glioma efficacy.This paper reviews the research progress of anti-glioma activities of NPs,including alkaloids,polyphenols,flavonoids,terpenoids,saponins,quinones,and their synthetic derivatives over the past decade.The review also summarizes anti-glioma mechanisms,such as suppression of related protein expression,regulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,control of apoptosis signaling pathways,reduction of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)expression,blocking of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and reversal of immunosuppression.Furthermore,the functions and advantages of NP-based TDDSs in anti-glioma therapy are examined.The key information presented in this review will be valuable for the research and development of NP-based anti-glioma drugs and related TDDSs.展开更多
The development of highly efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts with minimal precious metal usage is critical for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).We present an iridium-platinum nano...The development of highly efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts with minimal precious metal usage is critical for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).We present an iridium-platinum nanoalloy(IrPt)supported on lanthanum and nickel co-doped cobalt oxide,featuring a core-shell architecture with an amorphous IrPtOx shell and an IrPt core.This catalyst exhibits exceptional bifunctional activity for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in acidic media,achieving 2 A cm^(-2)at 1.72 V in a PEMWE device with ultralow loadings of 0.075 mgIr cm^(-2)and 0.075 mgPt cm^(-2)at anode and cathode,respectively.It demonstrates outstanding durability,sustaining water splitting for over 646 h with a degradation rate of only 5μV h^(-1),outperforming state-of-the-art Ir-based catalysts.In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory simulations reveal that the optimized charge redistribution between Ir and Pt,along with the IrPt core-IrPtOx shell structure,enhances performance.The Ir-O-Pt active sites enable a bi-nuclear mechanism for oxygen evolution reaction and a Volmer-Tafel mechanism for hydrogen evolution reaction,reducing kinetic barriers.Hierarchical porosity,abundant oxygen vacancies,and a high electrochemical surface area further improve electron and mass transfer.This work offers a cost-effective solution for green hydrogen production and advances the design of highperformance bifunctional catalysts for PEMWE.展开更多
The unprecedented growth of electric vehicles featuring lithium-ion batteries has led to a significant increase in the amount of waste generated,posing pressing waste management challenges for both industry professio ...The unprecedented growth of electric vehicles featuring lithium-ion batteries has led to a significant increase in the amount of waste generated,posing pressing waste management challenges for both industry professio nals and environmental regulators.To address these issues,conventio nal pyrometallurgical,hydrometallurgical,and direct recycling methods are commonly employed to promote sustainable battery development.However,these methods are often hindered by laborious purification processes and the generation of low-profit products such as Li_(2)CO_(3),CoSO_(4),NiSO_(4),etc.Herein,an upcycling technology involving a low-temperature solid-to-solid reaction and water leaching procedures is introduced to transform spent LiCoO_(2)cathode materials into value-added cobalt sulfide-based electrocatalysts.The regenerated electrocatalysts exhibit exceptional performance in the oxygen evolution reaction,surpassing that of the benchmark RuO_(2)catalyst.This proposed upcycling method provides researchers with an alternative way to convert the metallic components of waste lithium-ion batteries into high-value Co-,Ni-,Fe-,and Mn-based catalysts.展开更多
Background:While physical frailty(PF)and cognitive impairment(CI)are established independent predictors of adverse outcomes in older adults,the prognostic significance of their co-occurrence(cognitive frailty,CF)remai...Background:While physical frailty(PF)and cognitive impairment(CI)are established independent predictors of adverse outcomes in older adults,the prognostic significance of their co-occurrence(cognitive frailty,CF)remains underexplored in the Chinese population.We aimed to explore the epidemiology of CF and its mortality predictive value among community-dwelling older Chinese adults.Methods:Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(2011–2018).PF was assessed with the Osteoporotic Fractures frailty index,while CI was defined by the Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)(<18/21/25).CF was defined as concurrent PF and CI in non-demented.Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to evaluate hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).A systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis complemented primary analyses,incorporating data from 9 cohorts study(n=32,088).Results:This cohort study included 8,012 participants(mean age 85.35±11.06 years,54.6%females)with 49.8%all-cause mortality over 7 years.Baseline prevalence of PF,CI,and CF were 15.4%,21.1%,and 8.0%respectively.Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly reduced survival in participants with CF compared to other groups(log-rank P<0.001).Fully adjusted Cox models demonstrated a mortality gradient:Non-PF and Normal Cognition(reference),PF alone(HR 1.397,95%CI 1.218–1.602),CI alone(HR 1.572,1.412–1.749),and CF(HR 1.919,1.666–2.210;P<0.001).Effect modification analyses showed heightened CF-associated mortality in males and the oldest-old adults(P for interaction<0.001).Meta-analysis confirmed these findings(pooled HR 2.45,95%CIs,1.91–3.31;I2=57%),with heterogeneity partly attributable to the CI assessment tool or and covariate adjustment strategies.Conclusion:This dual analytical approach substantiates CF as a critical mortality predictor in Chinese older adults,exceeding the risks associated with isolated PF or CI.The observed heterogeneity across studies underscores the need for standardized CF diagnostic criteria and adjustment protocols in prognostic research.Our findings advocate for routine CF screening in geriatric assessments,particularly for males and the oldest-old.Future investigations should clarify the temporal dynamics of CF progression and evaluate targeted interventions.展开更多
Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer fro...Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer from poor mechanical properties,flammability,leakage,and rigid crystallization,and they struggle to continuously block excess heat transfer and propagation once thermal saturation occurs.This study proposes a novel type of thermal protection material:an aerogel coupled composite phase change material(CPCM).The composite material consists of gelatin/sodium alginate(Ge/SA)composite biomass aerogel as an insulating component and a thermally induced flexible CPCM made from thermoplastic polyester elastomer as a heat-absorbing component.Inspired by power bank,we coupled the aerogel with CPCM through the binder,so that CPCM can continue to‘charge and store energy’for the aerogel,effectively absorbing heat,delaying the heat saturation phenomenon,and maximizing the duration of thermal insulation.The results demonstrate that the Ge/SA aerogel exhibits excellent thermal insulation(with a temperature difference of approximately 120℃ across a 1 cm thickness)and flame retardancy(achieving a V-0 flame retardant rating).The CPCM exhibits high heat storage density(811.9 J g^(−1)),good thermally induced flexibility(bendable above 40℃),and thermal stability.Furthermore,the Ge/SA-CPCM coupled composite material shows even more outstanding thermal insulation performance,with the top surface temperature remaining at 89℃ after 100 min of exposure to a high temperature of 230℃.This study provides a new direction for the development of TR protection materials for lithium batteries.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common acute abdominal disease worldwide,and its incidence rate has increased annually.Approximately 20%of AP patients develop into necrotizing pancreatitis(NP),and 40%to 70%of NP...BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common acute abdominal disease worldwide,and its incidence rate has increased annually.Approximately 20%of AP patients develop into necrotizing pancreatitis(NP),and 40%to 70%of NP patients have infectious complications,which usually indicate a worse prognosis.Infection is an important sign of complications in NP patients.AIM To investigate the difference in infection time,infection site,and infectious strain in NP patients with infectious complications.METHODS The clinical data of AP patients visiting the Department of General Surgery of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 1,2014 to December 31,2018 were collected retrospectively.Enhanced computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with NP were included in the study.Statistical analysis of infectious bacteria,infection site,and infection time in NP patients with infectious complications was performed,because knowledge about pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns is essential for selecting an appropriate antibiotic.In addition,the factors that might influence the prognosis of patients were analyzed.RESULTS In this study,539 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 162 patients with NP infection,including 212 strains from pancreatic infections and 327 strains from extrapancreatic infections.Gram-negative bacteria were the main infectious species,the most common of which were Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The extrapancreatic infection time(9.1±8.8 d)was earlier than the pancreatic infection time(13.9±12.3 d).Among NP patients with early extrapancreatic infection(<14 d),bacteremia(25.12%)and respiratory tract infection(21.26%)were predominant.Among NP patients with late extrapancreatic infection(>14 d),bacteremia(15.94%),respiratory tract infection(7.74%),and urinary tract infection(7.71%)were predominant.Drug sensitivity analysis showed that P.aeruginosa was sensitive to enzymatic penicillins,thirdand fourth-generation cephalosporins,and carbapenems.Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were sensitive only to tigecycline;Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium were highly sensitive to linezolid,tigecycline,and vancomycin.CONCLUSION In this study,we identified the timing,the common species,and site of infection in patients with NP.展开更多
The pressure increasing process within a twin screw multiphase pump, under the condition of high gas volume fractions (GVFs), induces large temperature and pressure changes that cause the rotors to deform. Rotor defor...The pressure increasing process within a twin screw multiphase pump, under the condition of high gas volume fractions (GVFs), induces large temperature and pressure changes that cause the rotors to deform. Rotor deformations heavily influence the backflow of the multiphase fluid through clearances within the twin screw multiphase pump and these deformations may even lead to pump failures. An accurate temperature and pressure distribution on the screw rotors need be obtained before the deformation analysis can be carried out. By means of small temperature and pressure sensors embedded into the groove at the root of the rotors, the temperatures of 12 points on the rotors and the pressure distributions of a twin screw multiphase pump under high GVFs conditions were recorded. Temperature test results were adopted to perform a heat transfer analysis for determining the temperature distribution on the screw rotors. Then deformation analyses, including thermal deformation, force deformation, and total deformation, were conducted according to the pressure and temperature distributions. Deformation analysis for different materials was also conducted under the same boundary conditions. A material was suggested for the manufacturing of rotors in a twin screw multiphase pump under the condition of high gas volume fractions.展开更多
BACKGROUND In recent decades,an increasing number of patients have received minimally invasive intervention for infected pancreatic necrosis(IPN)because of the benefits in reducing postoperative multiple organ failure...BACKGROUND In recent decades,an increasing number of patients have received minimally invasive intervention for infected pancreatic necrosis(IPN)because of the benefits in reducing postoperative multiple organ failure and mortality.However,there are limited published data regarding infection recurrence after treatment of this patient population.AIM To investigate the incidence and prediction of infection recurrence following successful minimally invasive treatment in IPN patients.METHODS Medical records for 193 IPN patients,who underwent minimally invasive treatment between February 2014 and October 2018,were retrospectively reviewed.Patients,who survived after the treatment,were divided into two groups:one group with infection after drainage catheter removal and another group without infection.The morphological and clinical data were compared between the two groups.Significantly different variables were introduced into the correlation and multivariate logistic analysis to identify independent predictors for infection recurrence.Sensitivity and specificity for diagnostic performance were determined.RESULTS Of the 193 IPN patients,178 were recruited into the study.Of them,9(5.06%)patients died and 169 patients survived but infection recurred in 13 of 178 patients(7.30%)at 7(4-10)d after drainage catheters were removed.White blood cell(WBC)count,serum C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6,and procalcitonin levels measured at the time of catheter removal were significantly higher in patients with infection than in those without(all P<0.05).In addition,drainage duration and length of the catheter measured by computerized tomography scan were significantly longer in patients with infection(P=0.025 and P<0.0001,respectively).Although these parameters all correlated positively with the incidence of infection(all P<0.05),only WBC,CRP,procalcitonin levels,and catheter length were identified as independent predictors for infection recurrence.The sensitivity and specificity for infection prediction were high in WBC count(≥9.95×109/L)and serum procalcitonin level(≥0.05 ng/mL)but moderate in serum CRP level(cut-off point≥7.37 mg/L).The catheter length(cut-off value≥8.05 cm)had a high sensitivity but low specificity to predict the infection recurrence.CONCLUSION WBC count,serum procalcitonin,and CRP levels may be valuable for predicting infection recurrence following minimally invasive intervention in IPN patients.These biomarkers should be considered before removing the drainage catheters.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To establish a prediction model of coronary heart disease(CHD)in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)based on machine learning(ML)algorithms.METHODS Based on the Medical Big Data Research Centre of Ch...OBJECTIVE To establish a prediction model of coronary heart disease(CHD)in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)based on machine learning(ML)algorithms.METHODS Based on the Medical Big Data Research Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing,China,we identified a cohort of elderly inpatients(≥60 years),including 10,533 patients with DM complicated with CHD and 12,634 patients with DM without CHD,from January 2008 to December 2017.We collected demographic characteristics and clinical data.After selecting the important features,we established five ML models,including extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),random forest(RF),decision tree(DT),adaptive boosting(Adaboost)and logistic regression(LR).We compared the receiver operating characteristic curves,area under the curve(AUC)and other relevant parameters of different models and determined the optimal classification model.The model was then applied to 7447 elderly patients with DM admitted from January 2018 to December 2019 to further validate the performance of the model.RESULTS Fifteen features were selected and included in the ML model.The classification precision in the test set of the XGBoost,RF,DT,Adaboost and LR models was 0.778,0.789,0.753,0.750 and 0.689,respectively;and the AUCs of the subjects were 0.851,0.845,0.823,0.833 and 0.731,respectively.Applying the XGBoost model with optimal performance to a newly recruited dataset for validation,the diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,precision,and AUC were 0.792,0.808,0.748 and 0.880,respectively.CONCLUSIONS The XGBoost model established in the present study had certain predictive value for elderly patients with DM complicated with CHD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although the“Step-up”strategy is the primary surgical treatment for infected pancreatic necrosis,it is not suitable for all such patients.The“One-step”strategy represents a novel treatment,but the safet...BACKGROUND Although the“Step-up”strategy is the primary surgical treatment for infected pancreatic necrosis,it is not suitable for all such patients.The“One-step”strategy represents a novel treatment,but the safety,efficacy,and long-term follow-up have not yet been compared between these two approaches.AIM To compare the safety,efficacy,and long-term follow-up of two surgical approaches to provide a reference for infected pancreatic necrosis treatment.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of infectious pancreatic necrosis patients who underwent“One-step”or“Step-up”necrosectomy at Xuan Wu Hospital,Capital Medical University,from May 2014 to December 2020.The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of severe complications or death.Patients were followed up every 6 mo after discharge until death or June 30,2021.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0,and statistical significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS One-hundred-and-fifty-eight patients were enrolled,of whom 61 patients underwent“One-step”necrosectomy and 97 patients underwent“Step-up”necrosectomy.During the long-term follow-up period,40 patients in the“Onestep”group and 63 patients in the“Step-up”group survived.The time from disease onset to hospital admission(53.69±38.14 vs 32.20±20.75,P<0.001)and to initial surgical treatment was longer in the“Step-up”than in the“One-step”group(54.38±10.46 vs 76.58±17.03,P<0.001).Patients who underwent“Step up”necrosectomy had a longer hospitalization duration(65.41±28.14 vs 52.76±24.71,P=0.02),and more interventions(4.26±1.71 vs 3.18±1.39,P<0.001).Postoperative inflammatory indicator levels were significantly lower than preoperative levels in each group.Although the incisional hernia incidence was higher in the“One-step”group,no significant difference was found in the composite outcomes of severe complications or death,new-onset organ failure,postoperative complications,inflammatory indicators,long-term complications,quality of life,and medical costs between the groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with the“Step-up”approach,the“One-step”approach is a safe and effective treatment method with better long-term quality of life and prognosis.It also provides an alternative surgical treatment strategy for patients with infected pancreatic necrosis.展开更多
The advancement of supe rcapacitors largely relies on the innovation of electrode materials with high-rate performance and ultra-long cycling stability.In this work,unique N-doped nanofibers on carbon cloth(NCNFs/CC) ...The advancement of supe rcapacitors largely relies on the innovation of electrode materials with high-rate performance and ultra-long cycling stability.In this work,unique N-doped nanofibers on carbon cloth(NCNFs/CC) are prepared by an electrodepositio n-annealing method for application in supercapacitors.The as-prepared N-doped nanofibers(N-CNFs) show diameters of 100-150 nm and cross-link with each other fo rming porous conductive network.Due to enhanced conductivity and reinforced structural stability,the N-CNFs/CC arrays are demonstrated with better electrochemical performance than CNFs/CC counterpart,including higher specific capacitance(195.2 F g^-1 at a current density of 2.5 A g^-1),excellent rate capability(80.5.% capacity retention as the rate increases from 2.5-20 A g^-1) and good cycling stability(99.5.%retention after 10,000 cycles).These reinforced electrochemical properties are attributed to N-doped conductive architecture with faster ion/electron transfer paths and more active sites.Our findings may offe r a new way for construction of advanced high-rate electrodes for energy storage.展开更多
To satisfy the requirements of practical applications,thermoelectric generators should be highly efficient and mechanically robust.Recently,progress in designing high-performance thermoelectric generators has been mad...To satisfy the requirements of practical applications,thermoelectric generators should be highly efficient and mechanically robust.Recently,progress in designing high-performance thermoelectric generators has been made.However,the mechanical properties of thermoelectric generators are still unsatisfactory.In this review,studies on the mechanical properties of thermoelectric generators are summarized.The me-chanical properties of bulk thermoelectric generators will be first discussed.In this section,the mechan-ical properties of thermoelectric materials and the strategies for improving their mechanical properties are emphasized.Since the device’s failure usually occurs at the interface between the thermoelectric ma-terials and electrode,the joint strength of electrodes and thermoelectric materials will be overviewed.After that,the mechanical properties of the inorganic thin-film thermoelectric devices will be discussed.Since the figure of merit for the flexibility of thermoelectric materials depends on the film thickness,elastic modulus,and yield strength,the synthesis methods of thin-film thermoelectric materials will be reviewed.Finally,this review will be concluded with a discussion on flexible organic thermoelectric de-vices and flexible devices using bulk legs.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly Chinese patients with comorbid coronary heart disease(CHD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2D...OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly Chinese patients with comorbid coronary heart disease(CHD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 501 elderly inpatients(≥60 years)with comorbid CHD/T2DM in Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology,Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019.These patients were divided into two groups according to the administration of SGLT2i.All the demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected.Cardiovascular outcomes,including all-cause mortality,major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),and hospitalization for heart failure(HHF),were followed up.RESULTS In the cohort,there were 167 patients in the SGLT2i group and 334 patients in the control group.In the efficacy analyses,the incidence of MACE was lower in the SGLT2i group than in the control group:3.6%vs.9.3%(P=0.022).A lower risk of MACE was observed in the SGLT2i group[hazard ratio(HR)=0.40,95%CI:0.17-0.95].There was no significant difference in the incidence of all-cause mortality or HHF between the two groups.No significant difference of HR was observed for all-cause mortality(HR=0.41,95%CI:0.12-1.41)or HHF(HR=0.58,95%CI:0.12-2.81).CONCLUSIONS SGLT2i treatment exhibited benefits for elderly patients with comorbid CHD/T2DM with a lower risk for MACE.展开更多
BACKGROUND The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis(AP), which is a pathophysiological process with complex etiology, is increasing globally. miR-125b-5p, a bidirectional regulatory miRNA, is speculated to exhibit ant...BACKGROUND The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis(AP), which is a pathophysiological process with complex etiology, is increasing globally. miR-125b-5p, a bidirectional regulatory miRNA, is speculated to exhibit anti-tumor activity. However,exosome-derived miR-125b-5p in AP has not been reported.AIM To elucidate the molecular mechanism of exosome-derived miR-125b-5p promoting AP exacerbation from the perspective of the interaction between immune cells and acinar cells.METHODS Exosomes derived from AR42J cells were isolated and extracted in active and inactive states by an exosome extraction kit, and were verified via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. RNA sequencing assay technology was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs in active and inactive AR42J cell lines, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict downstream target genes of miR-125b-5p. The expression level of miR-125b-5p and insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2) in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blots. The changes in the pancreatic inflammatory response in a rat AP model were detected by histopathological methods. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of IGF2, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins, and apoptosis and necrosis related proteins.RESULTS miR-125b-5p expression was upregulated in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue,while that of IGF2 was downregulated. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-125b-5p could promote the death of activated AR42J cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition,miR-125b-5p was found to act on macrophages to promote M1 type polarization and inhibit M2type polarization, resulting in a massive release of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Further research found that miR-125b-5p could inhibit the expression of IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, in vivo experiments revealed that miR-125b-5p can promote the progression of AP in a rat model.CONCLUSION miR-125b-5p acts on IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promotes M1 type polarization and inhibits M2 type polarization of macrophage by inhibiting IGF2 expression, resulting in a large release of pro-inflammatory factors and an inflammatory cascade amplification effect, thus aggravating AP.展开更多
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,China(Nos.CIFMS2022-I2M-CoV19-003 and CIFMS2021-I2M-1-044)the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Key Project,"A Study of the Coordination Mechanism in the Policy-making of Major Emergency"(No.72134003).
文摘Introduction.As the 21st century advances,the world faces unprecedented challenges,from novel infectious diseases to rapid developments in dual-use biotechnologies,set against an increasingly complex geopolitical backdrop[1].These challenges threatenglobal health,environmental stability,and national security,demanding robust biological risk governance[1,2].Central to this effort are the intertwined concepts of biosafety and biosecurity.Although these concepts have traditionally been distinguished-biosafety addressing unintentional risks and biosecurity targeting deliberate misuse-they share the fundamental goal of mitigating biological risks[3,4].
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3707002).
文摘The compressive strength of the pellets is a key indicator that determines the production efficiency in straight grate.It usually relies on manual sampling and testing,which is cumbersome and inefficient.To address this,a time series prediction model for pellet compressive strength was developed,combining a gradient boosting decision tree with a temporal convolutional network(GBDT-TCN).Firstly,the key physical characteristics of the pellet production process were established through the feature construction method,and then the multicollinear features were eliminated based on the Spearman correlation coefficient.The final selection of feature parameters,amounting to 9,was determined using recursive feature elimination(RFE)method.Finally,the GBDT algorithm was used to establish the nonlinear relationship between these features and the compressive strength.The GBDT prediction results and process data were constructed into a time series dataset,which was input into the TCN unit cascade model.The time series information was captured through the distribution coefficient of the loss function in the time series.Results illustrate that the GBDT-TCN method proposed performs well in the task of predicting the compressive strength of pellets.Compared with the prediction model using only GBDT,the accuracy within±100 N is increased from 83.33%to 90.00%.
基金supported by the project from the Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Companyfinancial support from the research by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42402148)+1 种基金Sichuan Provincial Fund(24NSFSC4997)Guizhou Outstanding Young Science and Technology Talent Program(YQK[2023]012).
文摘Microstructural heterogeneity of low-permeability sandstone roofs of deep unmineable coal seams due to diagenesis significantly affects rock mechanical behavior,greatly impacting the sealing potential of in situ CO_(2) sequestration and the structural stability of the geological formation.However,little is known about how the microstructure of different mineral groups influences the multiscale mechanical behavior of deep sandstone.This study proposes a new method for quantitatively characterizing the multiscale mechanical properties of low-permeability sandstone and shows the mechanisms responsible for mechanical failure at the micro-,meso-,and macroscale.Triaxial compression tests and targeted nanoindentation tests were conducted to assess the micro-and macroscale mechanical properties of different types of sandstone.The micro-and macroscale experiments were coupled with numerical simulations of compression using a unified cohesive model based on Voronoi polygons to clarify the multiscale mechanical behavior.The results indicate that quartz,the primary mineral component of the sandstones examined,exhibits the strongest micromechanical properties,followed by feldspar,calcite,and clay minerals.Compared to polycrystalline quartz,monocrystalline quartz has a more stable microstructure and is mechanically stronger.The macro-mechanical properties of tight sandstone samples are weakened by increased microstructural inhomogeneity and larger grain size.This leads to a higher likelihood of splitting damage,characterized by a high degree of discrete and weak stress sensitivity.The major conclusion is that the positive rhythm lithofacies of medium-grained sandstone to siltstone are the most favorable for efficient CO_(2) sequestration in deep unmineable coal seams.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204026).
文摘Produced water reinjection is a common strategy in offshore oilfield operations,yet the presence of solid particles in produced water can lead to localized formation pressure buildup,increasing the risk of rock fracturing and leakage.In this study,we present an integrated experimental and numerical investigation to quantify the effects of particle migration on formation pressure and the spatial diffusion of injected water.Dynamic plugging experiments were performed to systematically examine the influence of injection rate and injection volume on core permeability.Results demonstrate that higher injection rates substantially reduce permeability,and the derived relationship between permeability and injection volume enables dynamic assessment of permeability evolution during reinjection.Complementary numerical simulations explored the impacts of injection length,particle concentration,and injection rate on formation pressure and diffusion behavior.Findings indicate that extending the injection section promotes pressure distribution and enlarges the diffusion area,whereas elevated particle concentrations and injection rates accelerate formation plugging,causing rapid pressure rise and constrained diffusion.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52372235,52073252,22379020,52002052,52302316)Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(Nos.2023C01231,Q23E020046,LD22E020006,and LY21E020005)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Postdoctoral Research Project(No.ZJ2023080)Key Research and Development Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2022YFSY0004).
文摘The development of high-performance carbon-based composite hosts plays decisive roles in the electrochemistry of lithium sulfur batteries.Herein,a novel metal-ion induced gelation self-assembly technology is reported to construct sodium alginate carbon(SAC)based polar hierarchical carbon composites with cross-linked network architecture and in-situ co-grown cross-linked polar nanoparticles.Interestingly,it shows high versatility to an extensive array of materials including metals,alloys,and metallic oxides.As a representative,NiCo alloy nanoparticles are chosen to obtain the SAC/NiCo composite host for sulfur in LSBs,which possess superior physical/chemical adsorption capabilities and catalytic conversion kinetics to polysulfide in virtue of synergistic interaction between the hierarchical pore structures and NiCo catalyst.The designed SAC/NiCo-S cathode shows superior electrochemical performance with excellent rate capacity(2 C:693.5 mAh/g)and enhanced cycling stability(764.3 mAh/g at 0.1 C after 240 cycles).This work provides a straightforward approach for fabricating multifunctional carbon composites with adjustable component for advanced energy storage system.
基金Supported by the Horizontal Research Program"Observational Study on the Therapeutic Effects of Collagen Protein Peptides in Knee Osteoarthritis"(KY202208-1-119).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the impact of bone collagen peptide(BCP)on patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA).[Methods]A total of 100 patients diagnosed with KOA were admitted to the study and randomly assigned to either a control group or a treatment group,with each group comprising 50 participants.The control group received health education along with standard daily treatment protocols.In contrast,the treatment group was administered an additional dosage of 20 g of BCP twice daily,in conjunction with the treatment regimen provided to the control group.Both groups received continuous treatment for 3 months.The WOMAC scores and the WHOQOL-BREF scores of the participants in both groups were assessed both prior to and following treatment.[Results]Following treatment,the WOMAC scores of patients in the treatment group demonstrated a significant improvement compared to those in the control group(13.39±2.19 vs.15.46±1.30,P<0.05).Additionally,the WHOQOL-BREF scores for patients in both groups showed improvement,with the treatment group exhibiting superior WHOQOL-BREF scores relative to the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]For patients diagnosed with KOA,the supplementation of BCP alongside conventional treatment has been shown to significantly enhance knee joint function and improve the overall quality of life for these individuals.
基金supported by the Project Program of Nature Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(No.BK20201329)。
文摘Glioma,the most prevalent primary tumor of the central nervous system(CNS),is also the most lethal primary malignant tumor.Currently,there are limited chemotherapeutics available for glioma treatment,necessitating further research to identify and develop new chemotherapeutic agents.A significant approach to discovering anti-glioma drugs involves isolating antitumor active ingredients from natural products(NPs)and optimizing their structures.Additionally,targeted drug delivery systems(TDDSs)are employed to enhance drug solubility and stability and overcome the blood-brain barrier(BBB).TDDSs can penetrate deep into the brain,increase drug concentration and retention time in the CNS,and improve the targeting efficiency of NPs,thereby reducing adverse effects and enhancing anti-glioma efficacy.This paper reviews the research progress of anti-glioma activities of NPs,including alkaloids,polyphenols,flavonoids,terpenoids,saponins,quinones,and their synthetic derivatives over the past decade.The review also summarizes anti-glioma mechanisms,such as suppression of related protein expression,regulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,control of apoptosis signaling pathways,reduction of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)expression,blocking of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and reversal of immunosuppression.Furthermore,the functions and advantages of NP-based TDDSs in anti-glioma therapy are examined.The key information presented in this review will be valuable for the research and development of NP-based anti-glioma drugs and related TDDSs.
基金supported by overseas Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under contract No.22Z990204807Natural Sciences—Basic Research Special Zone Program provided by shanghai government under contract No.22Z511203738+3 种基金Key Open Fund Project provided by Shaoxing New Energy and Molecular Engineering Research Institute,Shanghai Jiao Tong University under contract No.22H010103236Sinopec Natural Science research project provided by Sinopec research institute of petroleum processing under contract No.23H010100026support from National Science Foundation of China(22309113)Scientific and Technological Project of Yunnan Precious Metals Laboratory(YPML20240502029).
文摘The development of highly efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts with minimal precious metal usage is critical for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).We present an iridium-platinum nanoalloy(IrPt)supported on lanthanum and nickel co-doped cobalt oxide,featuring a core-shell architecture with an amorphous IrPtOx shell and an IrPt core.This catalyst exhibits exceptional bifunctional activity for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in acidic media,achieving 2 A cm^(-2)at 1.72 V in a PEMWE device with ultralow loadings of 0.075 mgIr cm^(-2)and 0.075 mgPt cm^(-2)at anode and cathode,respectively.It demonstrates outstanding durability,sustaining water splitting for over 646 h with a degradation rate of only 5μV h^(-1),outperforming state-of-the-art Ir-based catalysts.In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory simulations reveal that the optimized charge redistribution between Ir and Pt,along with the IrPt core-IrPtOx shell structure,enhances performance.The Ir-O-Pt active sites enable a bi-nuclear mechanism for oxygen evolution reaction and a Volmer-Tafel mechanism for hydrogen evolution reaction,reducing kinetic barriers.Hierarchical porosity,abundant oxygen vacancies,and a high electrochemical surface area further improve electron and mass transfer.This work offers a cost-effective solution for green hydrogen production and advances the design of highperformance bifunctional catalysts for PEMWE.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21702143,52303092)Talent Recruitment Project of Guangdong Province(No.2023QN10X078)+1 种基金Open Project of Yunnan Precious Metals Laboratory Co.,Ltd(No.YPML-2023050278)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation Special Projects——GuangdongShenzhen Joint Funds(2022A1515110027)。
文摘The unprecedented growth of electric vehicles featuring lithium-ion batteries has led to a significant increase in the amount of waste generated,posing pressing waste management challenges for both industry professio nals and environmental regulators.To address these issues,conventio nal pyrometallurgical,hydrometallurgical,and direct recycling methods are commonly employed to promote sustainable battery development.However,these methods are often hindered by laborious purification processes and the generation of low-profit products such as Li_(2)CO_(3),CoSO_(4),NiSO_(4),etc.Herein,an upcycling technology involving a low-temperature solid-to-solid reaction and water leaching procedures is introduced to transform spent LiCoO_(2)cathode materials into value-added cobalt sulfide-based electrocatalysts.The regenerated electrocatalysts exhibit exceptional performance in the oxygen evolution reaction,surpassing that of the benchmark RuO_(2)catalyst.This proposed upcycling method provides researchers with an alternative way to convert the metallic components of waste lithium-ion batteries into high-value Co-,Ni-,Fe-,and Mn-based catalysts.
基金supported by The Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-C-202006)the 2025 High-level traditional Chinese medicine key subject construction project of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine–Evidence-based Traditional Chinese Medicine.
文摘Background:While physical frailty(PF)and cognitive impairment(CI)are established independent predictors of adverse outcomes in older adults,the prognostic significance of their co-occurrence(cognitive frailty,CF)remains underexplored in the Chinese population.We aimed to explore the epidemiology of CF and its mortality predictive value among community-dwelling older Chinese adults.Methods:Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(2011–2018).PF was assessed with the Osteoporotic Fractures frailty index,while CI was defined by the Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)(<18/21/25).CF was defined as concurrent PF and CI in non-demented.Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to evaluate hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).A systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis complemented primary analyses,incorporating data from 9 cohorts study(n=32,088).Results:This cohort study included 8,012 participants(mean age 85.35±11.06 years,54.6%females)with 49.8%all-cause mortality over 7 years.Baseline prevalence of PF,CI,and CF were 15.4%,21.1%,and 8.0%respectively.Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly reduced survival in participants with CF compared to other groups(log-rank P<0.001).Fully adjusted Cox models demonstrated a mortality gradient:Non-PF and Normal Cognition(reference),PF alone(HR 1.397,95%CI 1.218–1.602),CI alone(HR 1.572,1.412–1.749),and CF(HR 1.919,1.666–2.210;P<0.001).Effect modification analyses showed heightened CF-associated mortality in males and the oldest-old adults(P for interaction<0.001).Meta-analysis confirmed these findings(pooled HR 2.45,95%CIs,1.91–3.31;I2=57%),with heterogeneity partly attributable to the CI assessment tool or and covariate adjustment strategies.Conclusion:This dual analytical approach substantiates CF as a critical mortality predictor in Chinese older adults,exceeding the risks associated with isolated PF or CI.The observed heterogeneity across studies underscores the need for standardized CF diagnostic criteria and adjustment protocols in prognostic research.Our findings advocate for routine CF screening in geriatric assessments,particularly for males and the oldest-old.Future investigations should clarify the temporal dynamics of CF progression and evaluate targeted interventions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3806501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178050,22108026)+3 种基金the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2021QNRC001)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-BS-091)the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Young Tech Star(2022RQ008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT22LAB610).
文摘Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer from poor mechanical properties,flammability,leakage,and rigid crystallization,and they struggle to continuously block excess heat transfer and propagation once thermal saturation occurs.This study proposes a novel type of thermal protection material:an aerogel coupled composite phase change material(CPCM).The composite material consists of gelatin/sodium alginate(Ge/SA)composite biomass aerogel as an insulating component and a thermally induced flexible CPCM made from thermoplastic polyester elastomer as a heat-absorbing component.Inspired by power bank,we coupled the aerogel with CPCM through the binder,so that CPCM can continue to‘charge and store energy’for the aerogel,effectively absorbing heat,delaying the heat saturation phenomenon,and maximizing the duration of thermal insulation.The results demonstrate that the Ge/SA aerogel exhibits excellent thermal insulation(with a temperature difference of approximately 120℃ across a 1 cm thickness)and flame retardancy(achieving a V-0 flame retardant rating).The CPCM exhibits high heat storage density(811.9 J g^(−1)),good thermally induced flexibility(bendable above 40℃),and thermal stability.Furthermore,the Ge/SA-CPCM coupled composite material shows even more outstanding thermal insulation performance,with the top surface temperature remaining at 89℃ after 100 min of exposure to a high temperature of 230℃.This study provides a new direction for the development of TR protection materials for lithium batteries.
基金Supported by the Beijing Municipal Science &Technology Commission,No.Z171100001017077the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support,No.XMLX201404
文摘BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common acute abdominal disease worldwide,and its incidence rate has increased annually.Approximately 20%of AP patients develop into necrotizing pancreatitis(NP),and 40%to 70%of NP patients have infectious complications,which usually indicate a worse prognosis.Infection is an important sign of complications in NP patients.AIM To investigate the difference in infection time,infection site,and infectious strain in NP patients with infectious complications.METHODS The clinical data of AP patients visiting the Department of General Surgery of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 1,2014 to December 31,2018 were collected retrospectively.Enhanced computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with NP were included in the study.Statistical analysis of infectious bacteria,infection site,and infection time in NP patients with infectious complications was performed,because knowledge about pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns is essential for selecting an appropriate antibiotic.In addition,the factors that might influence the prognosis of patients were analyzed.RESULTS In this study,539 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 162 patients with NP infection,including 212 strains from pancreatic infections and 327 strains from extrapancreatic infections.Gram-negative bacteria were the main infectious species,the most common of which were Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The extrapancreatic infection time(9.1±8.8 d)was earlier than the pancreatic infection time(13.9±12.3 d).Among NP patients with early extrapancreatic infection(<14 d),bacteremia(25.12%)and respiratory tract infection(21.26%)were predominant.Among NP patients with late extrapancreatic infection(>14 d),bacteremia(15.94%),respiratory tract infection(7.74%),and urinary tract infection(7.71%)were predominant.Drug sensitivity analysis showed that P.aeruginosa was sensitive to enzymatic penicillins,thirdand fourth-generation cephalosporins,and carbapenems.Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were sensitive only to tigecycline;Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium were highly sensitive to linezolid,tigecycline,and vancomycin.CONCLUSION In this study,we identified the timing,the common species,and site of infection in patients with NP.
基金Project supported by the National High-Tech R&D Program (863) of China (No. 2007AA05Z208)the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Scholars (No. 50706034), China
文摘The pressure increasing process within a twin screw multiphase pump, under the condition of high gas volume fractions (GVFs), induces large temperature and pressure changes that cause the rotors to deform. Rotor deformations heavily influence the backflow of the multiphase fluid through clearances within the twin screw multiphase pump and these deformations may even lead to pump failures. An accurate temperature and pressure distribution on the screw rotors need be obtained before the deformation analysis can be carried out. By means of small temperature and pressure sensors embedded into the groove at the root of the rotors, the temperatures of 12 points on the rotors and the pressure distributions of a twin screw multiphase pump under high GVFs conditions were recorded. Temperature test results were adopted to perform a heat transfer analysis for determining the temperature distribution on the screw rotors. Then deformation analyses, including thermal deformation, force deformation, and total deformation, were conducted according to the pressure and temperature distributions. Deformation analysis for different materials was also conducted under the same boundary conditions. A material was suggested for the manufacturing of rotors in a twin screw multiphase pump under the condition of high gas volume fractions.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,No.Z171100001017077Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of special funding support,No.XMLX201404Construction Project of Advanced Clinical Medicine Discipline of Capital Medical University,No.1192070312.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent decades,an increasing number of patients have received minimally invasive intervention for infected pancreatic necrosis(IPN)because of the benefits in reducing postoperative multiple organ failure and mortality.However,there are limited published data regarding infection recurrence after treatment of this patient population.AIM To investigate the incidence and prediction of infection recurrence following successful minimally invasive treatment in IPN patients.METHODS Medical records for 193 IPN patients,who underwent minimally invasive treatment between February 2014 and October 2018,were retrospectively reviewed.Patients,who survived after the treatment,were divided into two groups:one group with infection after drainage catheter removal and another group without infection.The morphological and clinical data were compared between the two groups.Significantly different variables were introduced into the correlation and multivariate logistic analysis to identify independent predictors for infection recurrence.Sensitivity and specificity for diagnostic performance were determined.RESULTS Of the 193 IPN patients,178 were recruited into the study.Of them,9(5.06%)patients died and 169 patients survived but infection recurred in 13 of 178 patients(7.30%)at 7(4-10)d after drainage catheters were removed.White blood cell(WBC)count,serum C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6,and procalcitonin levels measured at the time of catheter removal were significantly higher in patients with infection than in those without(all P<0.05).In addition,drainage duration and length of the catheter measured by computerized tomography scan were significantly longer in patients with infection(P=0.025 and P<0.0001,respectively).Although these parameters all correlated positively with the incidence of infection(all P<0.05),only WBC,CRP,procalcitonin levels,and catheter length were identified as independent predictors for infection recurrence.The sensitivity and specificity for infection prediction were high in WBC count(≥9.95×109/L)and serum procalcitonin level(≥0.05 ng/mL)but moderate in serum CRP level(cut-off point≥7.37 mg/L).The catheter length(cut-off value≥8.05 cm)had a high sensitivity but low specificity to predict the infection recurrence.CONCLUSION WBC count,serum procalcitonin,and CRP levels may be valuable for predicting infection recurrence following minimally invasive intervention in IPN patients.These biomarkers should be considered before removing the drainage catheters.
基金supported by the Key Project of Chinese Military Health Care Projects(No.18BJZ32)the Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges NSFC(No.81820108019)+2 种基金the Technical Fund for the Foundation Strengthening Program of China(2021-JCJG-JJ-1079)the Chinese Military Innovation Project(CX19028)the Project of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease(NCRCG-PLAGH-2019024).
文摘OBJECTIVE To establish a prediction model of coronary heart disease(CHD)in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)based on machine learning(ML)algorithms.METHODS Based on the Medical Big Data Research Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing,China,we identified a cohort of elderly inpatients(≥60 years),including 10,533 patients with DM complicated with CHD and 12,634 patients with DM without CHD,from January 2008 to December 2017.We collected demographic characteristics and clinical data.After selecting the important features,we established five ML models,including extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),random forest(RF),decision tree(DT),adaptive boosting(Adaboost)and logistic regression(LR).We compared the receiver operating characteristic curves,area under the curve(AUC)and other relevant parameters of different models and determined the optimal classification model.The model was then applied to 7447 elderly patients with DM admitted from January 2018 to December 2019 to further validate the performance of the model.RESULTS Fifteen features were selected and included in the ML model.The classification precision in the test set of the XGBoost,RF,DT,Adaboost and LR models was 0.778,0.789,0.753,0.750 and 0.689,respectively;and the AUCs of the subjects were 0.851,0.845,0.823,0.833 and 0.731,respectively.Applying the XGBoost model with optimal performance to a newly recruited dataset for validation,the diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,precision,and AUC were 0.792,0.808,0.748 and 0.880,respectively.CONCLUSIONS The XGBoost model established in the present study had certain predictive value for elderly patients with DM complicated with CHD.
基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,Capital Research and Demonstration Application of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology,No.Z191100006619038 and No.Z171100001017077Capital Health Research and Development of Special,No.2020-1-2012.
文摘BACKGROUND Although the“Step-up”strategy is the primary surgical treatment for infected pancreatic necrosis,it is not suitable for all such patients.The“One-step”strategy represents a novel treatment,but the safety,efficacy,and long-term follow-up have not yet been compared between these two approaches.AIM To compare the safety,efficacy,and long-term follow-up of two surgical approaches to provide a reference for infected pancreatic necrosis treatment.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of infectious pancreatic necrosis patients who underwent“One-step”or“Step-up”necrosectomy at Xuan Wu Hospital,Capital Medical University,from May 2014 to December 2020.The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of severe complications or death.Patients were followed up every 6 mo after discharge until death or June 30,2021.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0,and statistical significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS One-hundred-and-fifty-eight patients were enrolled,of whom 61 patients underwent“One-step”necrosectomy and 97 patients underwent“Step-up”necrosectomy.During the long-term follow-up period,40 patients in the“Onestep”group and 63 patients in the“Step-up”group survived.The time from disease onset to hospital admission(53.69±38.14 vs 32.20±20.75,P<0.001)and to initial surgical treatment was longer in the“Step-up”than in the“One-step”group(54.38±10.46 vs 76.58±17.03,P<0.001).Patients who underwent“Step up”necrosectomy had a longer hospitalization duration(65.41±28.14 vs 52.76±24.71,P=0.02),and more interventions(4.26±1.71 vs 3.18±1.39,P<0.001).Postoperative inflammatory indicator levels were significantly lower than preoperative levels in each group.Although the incisional hernia incidence was higher in the“One-step”group,no significant difference was found in the composite outcomes of severe complications or death,new-onset organ failure,postoperative complications,inflammatory indicators,long-term complications,quality of life,and medical costs between the groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with the“Step-up”approach,the“One-step”approach is a safe and effective treatment method with better long-term quality of life and prognosis.It also provides an alternative surgical treatment strategy for patients with infected pancreatic necrosis.
基金This work is supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LY17E040001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51772272,51728204)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2018QNA4011)Qianjiang Talents Plan D(QJD1602029)Startup Foundation for Hundred-Talent Program of Zhejiang University。
文摘The advancement of supe rcapacitors largely relies on the innovation of electrode materials with high-rate performance and ultra-long cycling stability.In this work,unique N-doped nanofibers on carbon cloth(NCNFs/CC) are prepared by an electrodepositio n-annealing method for application in supercapacitors.The as-prepared N-doped nanofibers(N-CNFs) show diameters of 100-150 nm and cross-link with each other fo rming porous conductive network.Due to enhanced conductivity and reinforced structural stability,the N-CNFs/CC arrays are demonstrated with better electrochemical performance than CNFs/CC counterpart,including higher specific capacitance(195.2 F g^-1 at a current density of 2.5 A g^-1),excellent rate capability(80.5.% capacity retention as the rate increases from 2.5-20 A g^-1) and good cycling stability(99.5.%retention after 10,000 cycles).These reinforced electrochemical properties are attributed to N-doped conductive architecture with faster ion/electron transfer paths and more active sites.Our findings may offe r a new way for construction of advanced high-rate electrodes for energy storage.
基金financially supported by the Shenzhen Sci-ence and Technology Program(No.KQTD20200820113045081)the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Join-ing,Harbin Institute of Technology+7 种基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Nos.52172194,51971081)the Natural Sci-ence Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Guangdong Province of China(No.2020B1515020023)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shenzhen(No.RCJC20210609103733073)the Key Project of Shenzhen Funda-mental Research Projects(No.JCYJ20200109113418655)the financial support from the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.51871081)the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52101248)Shenzhen fundamental research projects(No.JCYJ20210324132808020)the start-up funding of Shenzhen,and the start-up funding of Harbin Institute of Technology(Shen-zhen).
文摘To satisfy the requirements of practical applications,thermoelectric generators should be highly efficient and mechanically robust.Recently,progress in designing high-performance thermoelectric generators has been made.However,the mechanical properties of thermoelectric generators are still unsatisfactory.In this review,studies on the mechanical properties of thermoelectric generators are summarized.The me-chanical properties of bulk thermoelectric generators will be first discussed.In this section,the mechan-ical properties of thermoelectric materials and the strategies for improving their mechanical properties are emphasized.Since the device’s failure usually occurs at the interface between the thermoelectric ma-terials and electrode,the joint strength of electrodes and thermoelectric materials will be overviewed.After that,the mechanical properties of the inorganic thin-film thermoelectric devices will be discussed.Since the figure of merit for the flexibility of thermoelectric materials depends on the film thickness,elastic modulus,and yield strength,the synthesis methods of thin-film thermoelectric materials will be reviewed.Finally,this review will be concluded with a discussion on flexible organic thermoelectric de-vices and flexible devices using bulk legs.
基金This study was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.81870249&No.81900409&No.91939303)the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFA0100903)+2 种基金the Key Project of Chinese Military Health Care Projects(18BJZ32)the Science Foundation of the Chinese PLA General Hospital(2018XXFC-9)the Medical Big Data Project of Chinese PLA General Hospital(2018MBD-026).
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly Chinese patients with comorbid coronary heart disease(CHD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 501 elderly inpatients(≥60 years)with comorbid CHD/T2DM in Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology,Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019.These patients were divided into two groups according to the administration of SGLT2i.All the demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected.Cardiovascular outcomes,including all-cause mortality,major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),and hospitalization for heart failure(HHF),were followed up.RESULTS In the cohort,there were 167 patients in the SGLT2i group and 334 patients in the control group.In the efficacy analyses,the incidence of MACE was lower in the SGLT2i group than in the control group:3.6%vs.9.3%(P=0.022).A lower risk of MACE was observed in the SGLT2i group[hazard ratio(HR)=0.40,95%CI:0.17-0.95].There was no significant difference in the incidence of all-cause mortality or HHF between the two groups.No significant difference of HR was observed for all-cause mortality(HR=0.41,95%CI:0.12-1.41)or HHF(HR=0.58,95%CI:0.12-2.81).CONCLUSIONS SGLT2i treatment exhibited benefits for elderly patients with comorbid CHD/T2DM with a lower risk for MACE.
基金Supported by The Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,Capital Research and Demonstration Application of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology,No. Z191100006619038 and No. Z171100001017077The Capital Health Research and Development of Special,No. 2020-1-2012
文摘BACKGROUND The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis(AP), which is a pathophysiological process with complex etiology, is increasing globally. miR-125b-5p, a bidirectional regulatory miRNA, is speculated to exhibit anti-tumor activity. However,exosome-derived miR-125b-5p in AP has not been reported.AIM To elucidate the molecular mechanism of exosome-derived miR-125b-5p promoting AP exacerbation from the perspective of the interaction between immune cells and acinar cells.METHODS Exosomes derived from AR42J cells were isolated and extracted in active and inactive states by an exosome extraction kit, and were verified via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. RNA sequencing assay technology was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs in active and inactive AR42J cell lines, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict downstream target genes of miR-125b-5p. The expression level of miR-125b-5p and insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2) in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blots. The changes in the pancreatic inflammatory response in a rat AP model were detected by histopathological methods. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of IGF2, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins, and apoptosis and necrosis related proteins.RESULTS miR-125b-5p expression was upregulated in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue,while that of IGF2 was downregulated. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-125b-5p could promote the death of activated AR42J cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition,miR-125b-5p was found to act on macrophages to promote M1 type polarization and inhibit M2type polarization, resulting in a massive release of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Further research found that miR-125b-5p could inhibit the expression of IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, in vivo experiments revealed that miR-125b-5p can promote the progression of AP in a rat model.CONCLUSION miR-125b-5p acts on IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promotes M1 type polarization and inhibits M2 type polarization of macrophage by inhibiting IGF2 expression, resulting in a large release of pro-inflammatory factors and an inflammatory cascade amplification effect, thus aggravating AP.
