[ Objective ] The paper was to reveal the species abundance of associated bacterial community of Radopholus similis, and the diversity of its bacteria. [Methods] Through the construction of 16S rDNA cloning library of...[ Objective ] The paper was to reveal the species abundance of associated bacterial community of Radopholus similis, and the diversity of its bacteria. [Methods] Through the construction of 16S rDNA cloning library of bacteria, the positive clone was carried out ARDRA analysis, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed. [ Results] OUT （ Operational Taxonomic Units） was classified according to sequences similarity of 97%, and the constructed 16S rDNA library of bacteria contained 13 OTUs, belonging to Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacterla, respectively. The dominant species was Betaproteobacte- ria, especially Burkholderia was the dominant bacterium. [Condusions] The diversity of associated bacteria of R. similis was high, and these bacteria may have certain ecological significance to R. similis.展开更多
Chemical stimulation of the kidney increases sympathetic activity and blood pressure in rats.The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN)is important in mediating the excitatory renal reflex(ERR).In this study,we exa...Chemical stimulation of the kidney increases sympathetic activity and blood pressure in rats.The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN)is important in mediating the excitatory renal reflex(ERR).In this study,we examined the role of molecular signaling in the PVN in mediating the capsaicin-induced ERR and sympathetic activation.Bilateral PVN microinjections were performed in rats under anesthesia.The ERR was elicited by infusion of capsaicin into the cortico-medullary border of the right kidney.The reflex was evaluated as the capsaicin-induced changes in left renal sympathetic nerve activity and mean arterial pressure.Blockade of angiotensin type 1 receptors with losartan or inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme with captopril in the PVN abolished the capsaicin-induced ERR.Renal infusion of capsaicin significantly increased NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide anion production in the PVN,which were prevented by ipsilateral renal denervation or microinjection of losartan into the PVN.Furthermore,either scavenging of superoxide anions or inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase in the PVN abolished the capsaicin-induced ERR.We conclude that the ERR induced by renal infusion of capsaicin is mediated by angiotensin type 1 receptor-related NAD(P)H oxidase activation and superoxide anion production within the PVN.展开更多
Dear editor,ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational modification catalysed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)and plays important roles in diverse biological processes,such as DNA repair,chromatin remodelling,telom...Dear editor,ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational modification catalysed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)and plays important roles in diverse biological processes,such as DNA repair,chromatin remodelling,telomere homeostasis,transcription,chromosome segregation,cell proliferation,and cell death[1,2].While much is known about the cellular roles of PARPs that catalyse polyADP ribosylation,the function of the PARPs that catalyse monoADP ribosylation is substantially less understood.展开更多
ADP-ribosylation is a reversible and dynamic post-translational modification mediated by ADP-ribosyltransferases(ARTs).Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)are an important family of human ARTs.ADP-ribosylation and PARPs...ADP-ribosylation is a reversible and dynamic post-translational modification mediated by ADP-ribosyltransferases(ARTs).Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)are an important family of human ARTs.ADP-ribosylation and PARPs have crucial functions in host–pathogen interaction,especially in viral infections.However,the functions and potential molecular mechanisms of ADP-ribosylation and PARPs in Mycobacterium infection remain unknown.In this study,bioinformatics analysis revealed significantly changed expression levels of several PARPs in tuberculosis patients compared to healthy individuals.Moreover,the expression levels of these PARPs returned to normal following tuberculosis treatment.Then,the changes in the expression levels of PARPs during Mycobacterium infection were validated in Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1(THP1)-induced differentiated macrophages infected with Mycobacterium model strains bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)and in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells infected with Mycobacterium smegmatis(Ms),respectively.The mRNA levels of PARP9,PARP10,PARP12,and PARP14 were most significantly increased during infection,with corresponding increases in protein levels,indicating the possible biological functions of these PARPs during Mycobacterium infection.In addition,the biological function of host PARP9 in Mycobacterium infection was further studied.PARP9 deficiency significantly increased the infection efficiency and intracellular proliferation ability of Ms,which was reversed by the reconstruction of PARP9.Collectively,this study updates the understanding of changes in PARP expression during Mycobacterium infection and provides evidence supporting PARP9 as a potent suppressor for Mycobacterium infection.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Research Project of Public Sector ( Agriculture )( 200903040)
文摘[ Objective ] The paper was to reveal the species abundance of associated bacterial community of Radopholus similis, and the diversity of its bacteria. [Methods] Through the construction of 16S rDNA cloning library of bacteria, the positive clone was carried out ARDRA analysis, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed. [ Results] OUT （ Operational Taxonomic Units） was classified according to sequences similarity of 97%, and the constructed 16S rDNA library of bacteria contained 13 OTUs, belonging to Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacterla, respectively. The dominant species was Betaproteobacte- ria, especially Burkholderia was the dominant bacterium. [Condusions] The diversity of associated bacteria of R. similis was high, and these bacteria may have certain ecological significance to R. similis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871148,91639105,31571167,and 31571168)。
文摘Chemical stimulation of the kidney increases sympathetic activity and blood pressure in rats.The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN)is important in mediating the excitatory renal reflex(ERR).In this study,we examined the role of molecular signaling in the PVN in mediating the capsaicin-induced ERR and sympathetic activation.Bilateral PVN microinjections were performed in rats under anesthesia.The ERR was elicited by infusion of capsaicin into the cortico-medullary border of the right kidney.The reflex was evaluated as the capsaicin-induced changes in left renal sympathetic nerve activity and mean arterial pressure.Blockade of angiotensin type 1 receptors with losartan or inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme with captopril in the PVN abolished the capsaicin-induced ERR.Renal infusion of capsaicin significantly increased NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide anion production in the PVN,which were prevented by ipsilateral renal denervation or microinjection of losartan into the PVN.Furthermore,either scavenging of superoxide anions or inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase in the PVN abolished the capsaicin-induced ERR.We conclude that the ERR induced by renal infusion of capsaicin is mediated by angiotensin type 1 receptor-related NAD(P)H oxidase activation and superoxide anion production within the PVN.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(81972712 to J.W.and 81502106 to H.M.)supported this work.
文摘Dear editor,ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational modification catalysed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)and plays important roles in diverse biological processes,such as DNA repair,chromatin remodelling,telomere homeostasis,transcription,chromosome segregation,cell proliferation,and cell death[1,2].While much is known about the cellular roles of PARPs that catalyse polyADP ribosylation,the function of the PARPs that catalyse monoADP ribosylation is substantially less understood.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81972712 to J.W.and 81971900 to Y.X.).
文摘ADP-ribosylation is a reversible and dynamic post-translational modification mediated by ADP-ribosyltransferases(ARTs).Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)are an important family of human ARTs.ADP-ribosylation and PARPs have crucial functions in host–pathogen interaction,especially in viral infections.However,the functions and potential molecular mechanisms of ADP-ribosylation and PARPs in Mycobacterium infection remain unknown.In this study,bioinformatics analysis revealed significantly changed expression levels of several PARPs in tuberculosis patients compared to healthy individuals.Moreover,the expression levels of these PARPs returned to normal following tuberculosis treatment.Then,the changes in the expression levels of PARPs during Mycobacterium infection were validated in Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1(THP1)-induced differentiated macrophages infected with Mycobacterium model strains bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)and in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells infected with Mycobacterium smegmatis(Ms),respectively.The mRNA levels of PARP9,PARP10,PARP12,and PARP14 were most significantly increased during infection,with corresponding increases in protein levels,indicating the possible biological functions of these PARPs during Mycobacterium infection.In addition,the biological function of host PARP9 in Mycobacterium infection was further studied.PARP9 deficiency significantly increased the infection efficiency and intracellular proliferation ability of Ms,which was reversed by the reconstruction of PARP9.Collectively,this study updates the understanding of changes in PARP expression during Mycobacterium infection and provides evidence supporting PARP9 as a potent suppressor for Mycobacterium infection.
