背景非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)已成为全球重大公共卫生问题.探寻生物标志物用于NAFLD的预防监测和临床评估,对于临床靶向防治具有指导意义.炎症与NAFLD间关联复杂,探索NAFLD相关炎症标志物,有助于...背景非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)已成为全球重大公共卫生问题.探寻生物标志物用于NAFLD的预防监测和临床评估,对于临床靶向防治具有指导意义.炎症与NAFLD间关联复杂,探索NAFLD相关炎症标志物,有助于阐明致病机制.目的本研究基于美国国家健康和营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)数据库的数据,探究炎症标志物中性粒细胞-白蛋白比值(neutrophil to albumin ratio,NAR)与NAFLD的潜在关联.方法选取NHANES数据库2017-2018参与者数据集.根据有无发生NAFLD分为NAFLD组、非NAFLD组.比较两组临床资料;采用Logistic多模型回归分析探索NAR与NAFLD相关性;进一步通过限制性立方样条(restricted cubic spline,RCS)及阈值效应分析探索潜在拐点.结果最终纳入了4526名参与者,其中NAFLD患者有1503例.NAFLD组NAR水平高于非NAFLD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组间性别、年龄、体质指数、吸烟状况、高血压、降压药使用、糖尿病、降糖药使用、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、血尿素氮、肌酸酐、尿酸、甘油三酯、总胆固醇等水平差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),这些变量进入矫正模型.在无矫正的模型1中,NAR水平与NAFLD的发生风险有关(OR=2.154);在矫正不同变量的模型2(OR=1.375)、模型3(OR=1.693)、及模型4(OR=1.817)中,两者间仍具有独立相关性(均P<0.05).RCS曲线显示,NAR与NAFLD之间存在非线性关系(P_(for overall)<0.001,P_(for nonlinear)<0.001).阈值效应分析显示,NAR影响NAFLD的拐点为1.436,当NAR低于1.436时,NAR每增加一个单位,NAFLD发生风险增加3.304倍(OR=3.304;95%CI:2.649-4.122;P<0.001).但本研究尚未发现NAR在区别非酒精性脂肪性肝炎中的潜在价值.结论NAR与NAFLD发生风险独立相关;当NAR水平低于1.436时,NAFLD发生风险随NAR水平升高而增加.展开更多
Two years after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children(AHUCD)began to be reported worldwide.The novel coronavirus and adenovirus were found in pathogen and antib...Two years after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children(AHUCD)began to be reported worldwide.The novel coronavirus and adenovirus were found in pathogen and antibody tests in AHUCD cases reported by the World Health Organization.Children are not exposed to the viruses that children are generally exposed to owing to COVID-19 infection preventive measures such as isolation and wearing masks;therefore,some researchers have speculated that this disease is related to reduced exposure to pathogens.Some scientists have also speculated that the disease is related to liver injury and adenoviral hepatitis,which are the sequelae of COVID-19.Some evidence also suggests a weak association between the disease and COVID-19 vaccination.Therefore,further research and investigation of the pathogenesis,preventive measures,and early treatment of hepatitis of unknown etiology are required.This study aimed to synthesize available evidence to further elucidate this disease in order to treat and prevent it effectively.展开更多
Transportation plays a critical role in the economic sector in Bangladesh.Since its independence,infrastructure has been developing rapidly,includ-ing land,water,and air transportation.National economy is increasing a...Transportation plays a critical role in the economic sector in Bangladesh.Since its independence,infrastructure has been developing rapidly,includ-ing land,water,and air transportation.National economy is increasing at a relatively high rate,leading to the better-off of people’s lives.As the living standards keep improving,people are more concerned about safety issues in transportation.This article makes an analysis of the status quo of traffic safety in Bangladesh and compares the Bangladeshi code with American code AASHTO from the geometric aspects of horizontal and vertical align-ment,in an effort to provide reference to the highway design in Bangla-desh.Through a reasonable design,the traffic safety will be under control and accident rate as well as economic loss will be minimized.展开更多
文摘背景非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)已成为全球重大公共卫生问题.探寻生物标志物用于NAFLD的预防监测和临床评估,对于临床靶向防治具有指导意义.炎症与NAFLD间关联复杂,探索NAFLD相关炎症标志物,有助于阐明致病机制.目的本研究基于美国国家健康和营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)数据库的数据,探究炎症标志物中性粒细胞-白蛋白比值(neutrophil to albumin ratio,NAR)与NAFLD的潜在关联.方法选取NHANES数据库2017-2018参与者数据集.根据有无发生NAFLD分为NAFLD组、非NAFLD组.比较两组临床资料;采用Logistic多模型回归分析探索NAR与NAFLD相关性;进一步通过限制性立方样条(restricted cubic spline,RCS)及阈值效应分析探索潜在拐点.结果最终纳入了4526名参与者,其中NAFLD患者有1503例.NAFLD组NAR水平高于非NAFLD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组间性别、年龄、体质指数、吸烟状况、高血压、降压药使用、糖尿病、降糖药使用、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、血尿素氮、肌酸酐、尿酸、甘油三酯、总胆固醇等水平差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),这些变量进入矫正模型.在无矫正的模型1中,NAR水平与NAFLD的发生风险有关(OR=2.154);在矫正不同变量的模型2(OR=1.375)、模型3(OR=1.693)、及模型4(OR=1.817)中,两者间仍具有独立相关性(均P<0.05).RCS曲线显示,NAR与NAFLD之间存在非线性关系(P_(for overall)<0.001,P_(for nonlinear)<0.001).阈值效应分析显示,NAR影响NAFLD的拐点为1.436,当NAR低于1.436时,NAR每增加一个单位,NAFLD发生风险增加3.304倍(OR=3.304;95%CI:2.649-4.122;P<0.001).但本研究尚未发现NAR在区别非酒精性脂肪性肝炎中的潜在价值.结论NAR与NAFLD发生风险独立相关;当NAR水平低于1.436时,NAFLD发生风险随NAR水平升高而增加.
文摘Two years after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children(AHUCD)began to be reported worldwide.The novel coronavirus and adenovirus were found in pathogen and antibody tests in AHUCD cases reported by the World Health Organization.Children are not exposed to the viruses that children are generally exposed to owing to COVID-19 infection preventive measures such as isolation and wearing masks;therefore,some researchers have speculated that this disease is related to reduced exposure to pathogens.Some scientists have also speculated that the disease is related to liver injury and adenoviral hepatitis,which are the sequelae of COVID-19.Some evidence also suggests a weak association between the disease and COVID-19 vaccination.Therefore,further research and investigation of the pathogenesis,preventive measures,and early treatment of hepatitis of unknown etiology are required.This study aimed to synthesize available evidence to further elucidate this disease in order to treat and prevent it effectively.
文摘Transportation plays a critical role in the economic sector in Bangladesh.Since its independence,infrastructure has been developing rapidly,includ-ing land,water,and air transportation.National economy is increasing at a relatively high rate,leading to the better-off of people’s lives.As the living standards keep improving,people are more concerned about safety issues in transportation.This article makes an analysis of the status quo of traffic safety in Bangladesh and compares the Bangladeshi code with American code AASHTO from the geometric aspects of horizontal and vertical align-ment,in an effort to provide reference to the highway design in Bangla-desh.Through a reasonable design,the traffic safety will be under control and accident rate as well as economic loss will be minimized.
