Background:The associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with fibrosis/cirrhosis is often associated with limited growth of future liver remnant...Background:The associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with fibrosis/cirrhosis is often associated with limited growth of future liver remnant(FLR).We introduced a new procedure named transcatheter arterial embolization-salvaged ALPPS(TAE-salvaged ALPPS)which was shown to be especially suitable for HCC patients with cirrhosis or fibrosis who failed adequately to respond to conventional ALPPS.The short-term efficacy and safety for the TAE-salvaged ALPPS on patients with HCC and fibrosis/cirrhosis were studied.Methods:Consecutive HCC patients who underwent TAE-salvaged ALPPS in our hospital between November 2016 and June 2020 were retrospectively studied.The new ALPPS procedure included conventional ALPPS stage-1 using associating liver partition and portal vein ligation.When FLR failed to reach sufficient hypertrophy,TAE was carried out 2 weeks later followed by liver resection 3 weeks after ALPPS stage-1.Results:Nine of 10 patients had a single tumor(median diameter 14.0 cm,range,5.2-17 cm).The remaining patient had multiple tumors(diameter of one tumor 14.0 cm,and two satellite foci 2.0 and 3.0 cm).R0 resection was achieved in all patients(100%)after a median of 21 days.Six patients had cirrhosis,1 had METAVIR grade-3 fibrosis,and 3 had METAVIR grade-2 fibrosis.The median increase in FLR volume after TAE-salvaged ALPPS was 69.7%(34.4-143.9%).The absolute and relative kinetic growth rates(KGRs)were 9.9(7.1-17.3)mL/day and 3.4%(1.9-7.2%)/day,respectively.The median absolute KGRs were 15.7,2.6,and 19.5 mL/day in the first,second,and third postoperative weeks after ALPPS stage-1,respectively.The rapid increase in KGR on the third week was induced by TAE.The overall postoperative morbidity rates were 50,0%(5/10),20.0%(2/10)and 70.0%(7/10)after ALPPS stage-1,TAE and ALPPS stage-2,respectively.The 90-day mortality rate was 10.0%(1/10).The median overall survival was 40 months.Conclusions:The new TAE-salvaged ALPPS induced significant increases in FLR volumes within 3 weeks in patients with HCC and fibrosis/cirrhosis.The procedure is promising in treating patients with HCC and fibrosis/cirrhosis who fail to achieve sufficient FLR hypertrophy after conventional ALPPS stage-1.展开更多
Altered energy metabolism of cancer cells shapes the immune cell response in the tumor microenvironment that faclitates tumorprogression.Herein,we reported the novel of tumor cell-expressed Piwi Like RNA-Mediated Gene...Altered energy metabolism of cancer cells shapes the immune cell response in the tumor microenvironment that faclitates tumorprogression.Herein,we reported the novel of tumor cell-expressed Piwi Like RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing 1(PWL1)in mediatingthe crosstlk of fatty acid metabolism and immune response of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).PlWIL1 expression in HCCwas increased compared to normal hepatic tissues and was positively correlated with the proliferation rate of HCC cell ines.PIWL1overexpression accelerated in vitro proliferation and in vivo growth of HCC tumors,while PIWL1 knockdown showed opositeeffects.PIWL1 increased oxygen consumption and energy production via fatty acid metabolism without altering aerobic glycolysis.lnhibition of fatty acid metablism abolished PWIL1-induced HCC prolferation and growth.RNA-seq analysis revealed that immunesystem regulation might be involved,which was echoed by the experimental observation that PIWL1-overexpressing HCC cellsattracted myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)into the tumor microenvironment.MDSCs depletion reduced the prolferationand growth of PlWIL1-overexpressing HCC tumors.Complement C3,whose secretion was induced by PIWL1 in HCC cells,mediatesthe interaction of HCC cells with MDSCs by activated p38 MAPK signaling in MDSCs,which in turn initiated expression of immunosuppressive cytokine L10.Neutralizing lL10 secretion reduced the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs in the microenvironment of PIWL1-overexpressing HCC.Taken together,our study unraveled the critical role of PIWL1 in initiating theinteraction of cancer cell metabolism and immune cell response in HCC.Tumor cell-expressed PlIWL1 may be a potential target forthe devellopment of novel HCC treatment.展开更多
Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of surgical resection plus radiofrequency ablation(SR-RFA)with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)in patients with multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)beyond the Mil...Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of surgical resection plus radiofrequency ablation(SR-RFA)with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)in patients with multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)beyond the Milan criteria.Methods:From 2009 to 2015,a total of 469 consecutive patients with multifocal HCC beyond the Milan criteria(≤5 nodules)treated with SR-RFA(n=59)or TACE(n=410)were analyzed.Their overall survival(OS)rate was compared through propensity score matching(PSM)analysis at a ratio of 1:2,and 141 patients were identified(SR-RFA,n=47;TACE,n=94).Subgroup analysis was conducted according to factors associated with treatment options.Results:Before PSM,the 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates were 81.5%,68.3%and 64.3%in the SR-RFA group and 58.7%,35.5%and 24.4%in the TACE group,respectively(all P<0.001).After PSM,the 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates in the SR-RFA group were 81.8%,68.7%and 63.4%,whereas those in the TACE group were 59.3%,36.1%and 19.4%,respectively(all P<0.001).Subgroup analysis also revealed a survival advantage of SR-RFA over TACE in each subgroup.The 30-day mortality rate was 1.22%in the TACE group and nil in the SR-RFA group(P=0.861).Conclusions:SR-RFA provides better a long-term survival rate than TACE for patients with multifocal HCC beyond the Milan criteria.SR-RFA may serve as an alternative treatment for patients with multifocal HCC in a selected patient population.展开更多
In this work,we generate gauge configurations with N_(f)=2 dynamical charm quarks on anisotropic lattices.The mass shift of 1S and 1P charmonia due to the charm quark annihilation effect can be investigated directly i...In this work,we generate gauge configurations with N_(f)=2 dynamical charm quarks on anisotropic lattices.The mass shift of 1S and 1P charmonia due to the charm quark annihilation effect can be investigated directly in a manner of unitary theory.The distillation method is adopted to treat the charm quark annihilation diagrams at a very precise level.For 1S charmonia,the charm quark annihilation effect barely changes the J/ψmass,but lifts theη_(c) mass by approximately 3-4 MeV.For 1P charmonia,this effect results in positive mass shifts of approximately 1 MeV for χ_(c)1 and h_(c),but decreases the χ_(c)2 mass by approximately 3 MeV.We did not obtain a reliable result for the mass shift of χ_(c)0.In addition,we observed that the spin averaged mass of the spin-triplet 1P charmonia is in good agreement with h_(c),as expected by the non-relativistic quark model and measured by experiments.展开更多
Glueballs are investigated through gluonic operators on two N_(f)=2+1RBC/UKQCD gauge ensembles at the physical pion mass.The statistical errors of glueball correlation functions are considerably reduced through the cl...Glueballs are investigated through gluonic operators on two N_(f)=2+1RBC/UKQCD gauge ensembles at the physical pion mass.The statistical errors of glueball correlation functions are considerably reduced through the cluster decomposition error reduction(CDER)method.The Bethe-Salpeter wave functions are obtained for the scalar,tensor,and pseudoscalar glueballs by using spatially extended glueball operators defined through the gauge potential A_(μ)(x)in the Coulomb gauge.These wave functions exhibit similar features of non-relativistic two-gluon systems and are used to optimize the signals of the related correlation functions at the early time regions,where the ground state masses are extracted.These masses are close to those from the quenched approximation and indicate the possible existence of glueballs at the physical point.The resonance feature of glueballs and the mixing with conventional mesons and multi-hadron systems should be considered in a more systematic lattice study.展开更多
Studying contaminant transport in the capillary fringe(CF),a crucial part of the vadose zone,offers insights into the mechanisms controlling pollution in soils and groundwater aquifers.This paper investigated contamin...Studying contaminant transport in the capillary fringe(CF),a crucial part of the vadose zone,offers insights into the mechanisms controlling pollution in soils and groundwater aquifers.This paper investigated contaminant transport in the CF by continuously injecting a conservative tracer(NaCl)and graphene oxide nanoparticle(GONP),an adsorptive contaminant,into a sandbox.After entering the CF from the unsaturated zone,both NaCl and GONP underwent lateral transport.The breakthrough curves(BTCs)for NaCl and GONP were derived from water samples collected at predetermined sampling holes.Subsequently,contaminant transport in the CF was modeled using a one-dimensionaletwo-dimensional(1D-2D)coupled hydrodynamic model.This model incorporated lateral dispersivity(aL=1.198 cm)and longitudinal dispersivity(aT=0.286 cm),calculated using a point-by-point method.The hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients obtained were then applied to the Brooks and Corey(BC)and the van Genuchten(VG)parametric models.The BC model more accurately simulated the NaCl migration compared to the VG model,leading to its application in simulating GONP transport in the CF.However,the simulated BTCs for GONP showed a lag behind the measured data,especially at high ionic strengths.This discrepancy was attributed to the variable adsorption partition coefficient of GONP under different ionic conditions.During the experiment,GONP adsorption onto the porous media's surface altered the capillary dynamics,notably increasing capillary rise height,decreasing seepage velocity,and reducing GONP dispersion.Therefore,it is necessary to consider the adsorption capacity of the contaminants in order to accurately assess their transport within the vadose zone.展开更多
Background:Associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)is increasingly used for the treatment of primarily unresectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLM)because of the insufficient...Background:Associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)is increasingly used for the treatment of primarily unresectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLM)because of the insufficient future liver remnant(FLR).The aim of this study was to share our experience with ALPPS for advanced CRLM and review the role of ALPPS in the management of patients with CRLM.Methods:Consecutive patients(n=10)with CRLM who underwent ALPPS at our center between December 2014 and October 2021 were retrospectively studied.Results:The median age of patients was 58 years(range 49–70 years).Five patients had metachronous CRLM and the other 5 patients had synchronous CRLM.Five patients had unilateral CRLM and the other 5 patients had bilateral CRLM.All patients previously underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy.The FLR volume increased by 45.3%(35.8%–61.6%)over 14 days(range 7–21 days).The absolute and relative kinetic growth rates were 17.9 mL/day(range 7.5–32.1 mL/day)and 4.6%/day(range 2.3%–8.8%/day),respectively.Overall morbidity rates were 20%(2/10)and 40%(4/10)after ALPPS stage 1 and stage 2,respectively.The 30-day and 90-day mortality rates were 0%and 10%,respectively.R0 resection was achieved for all patients,and the median disease-free survival was 18.7 months.Conclusions:ALPPS is an effective treatment option for advanced CRLM.It enables rapid hypertrophy of the FLR and achieves a high R0 resection rate with an acceptable oncological outcome.However,ALPPS should be reserved for selected patients because of its relatively high morbidity and mortality.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82150004).
文摘Background:The associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with fibrosis/cirrhosis is often associated with limited growth of future liver remnant(FLR).We introduced a new procedure named transcatheter arterial embolization-salvaged ALPPS(TAE-salvaged ALPPS)which was shown to be especially suitable for HCC patients with cirrhosis or fibrosis who failed adequately to respond to conventional ALPPS.The short-term efficacy and safety for the TAE-salvaged ALPPS on patients with HCC and fibrosis/cirrhosis were studied.Methods:Consecutive HCC patients who underwent TAE-salvaged ALPPS in our hospital between November 2016 and June 2020 were retrospectively studied.The new ALPPS procedure included conventional ALPPS stage-1 using associating liver partition and portal vein ligation.When FLR failed to reach sufficient hypertrophy,TAE was carried out 2 weeks later followed by liver resection 3 weeks after ALPPS stage-1.Results:Nine of 10 patients had a single tumor(median diameter 14.0 cm,range,5.2-17 cm).The remaining patient had multiple tumors(diameter of one tumor 14.0 cm,and two satellite foci 2.0 and 3.0 cm).R0 resection was achieved in all patients(100%)after a median of 21 days.Six patients had cirrhosis,1 had METAVIR grade-3 fibrosis,and 3 had METAVIR grade-2 fibrosis.The median increase in FLR volume after TAE-salvaged ALPPS was 69.7%(34.4-143.9%).The absolute and relative kinetic growth rates(KGRs)were 9.9(7.1-17.3)mL/day and 3.4%(1.9-7.2%)/day,respectively.The median absolute KGRs were 15.7,2.6,and 19.5 mL/day in the first,second,and third postoperative weeks after ALPPS stage-1,respectively.The rapid increase in KGR on the third week was induced by TAE.The overall postoperative morbidity rates were 50,0%(5/10),20.0%(2/10)and 70.0%(7/10)after ALPPS stage-1,TAE and ALPPS stage-2,respectively.The 90-day mortality rate was 10.0%(1/10).The median overall survival was 40 months.Conclusions:The new TAE-salvaged ALPPS induced significant increases in FLR volumes within 3 weeks in patients with HCC and fibrosis/cirrhosis.The procedure is promising in treating patients with HCC and fibrosis/cirrhosis who fail to achieve sufficient FLR hypertrophy after conventional ALPPS stage-1.
基金supported by the Research Council of the University of Hong Kong(project codes:104004092 and 104004460)the Wong’s donation(project code:200006276)+4 种基金a donation from the Gaia Family Trust of New Zealand(project code:200007008)the Research Grants Committee(RGC)of Hong Kong,HKSAR(Project Codes:740608,766211,17152116,and 17121419)Enhanced new staff startup fund(Project code:204610519)868Preemptive retention fund(Project code:202007002)Health and Medical Research Fund(Project code:15162961,16172751).
文摘Altered energy metabolism of cancer cells shapes the immune cell response in the tumor microenvironment that faclitates tumorprogression.Herein,we reported the novel of tumor cell-expressed Piwi Like RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing 1(PWL1)in mediatingthe crosstlk of fatty acid metabolism and immune response of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).PlWIL1 expression in HCCwas increased compared to normal hepatic tissues and was positively correlated with the proliferation rate of HCC cell ines.PIWL1overexpression accelerated in vitro proliferation and in vivo growth of HCC tumors,while PIWL1 knockdown showed opositeeffects.PIWL1 increased oxygen consumption and energy production via fatty acid metabolism without altering aerobic glycolysis.lnhibition of fatty acid metablism abolished PWIL1-induced HCC prolferation and growth.RNA-seq analysis revealed that immunesystem regulation might be involved,which was echoed by the experimental observation that PIWL1-overexpressing HCC cellsattracted myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)into the tumor microenvironment.MDSCs depletion reduced the prolferationand growth of PlWIL1-overexpressing HCC tumors.Complement C3,whose secretion was induced by PIWL1 in HCC cells,mediatesthe interaction of HCC cells with MDSCs by activated p38 MAPK signaling in MDSCs,which in turn initiated expression of immunosuppressive cytokine L10.Neutralizing lL10 secretion reduced the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs in the microenvironment of PIWL1-overexpressing HCC.Taken together,our study unraveled the critical role of PIWL1 in initiating theinteraction of cancer cell metabolism and immune cell response in HCC.Tumor cell-expressed PlIWL1 may be a potential target forthe devellopment of novel HCC treatment.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81372650,No.81572296)Zhongshan Science&Technology Innovation Fund(2015).
文摘Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of surgical resection plus radiofrequency ablation(SR-RFA)with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)in patients with multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)beyond the Milan criteria.Methods:From 2009 to 2015,a total of 469 consecutive patients with multifocal HCC beyond the Milan criteria(≤5 nodules)treated with SR-RFA(n=59)or TACE(n=410)were analyzed.Their overall survival(OS)rate was compared through propensity score matching(PSM)analysis at a ratio of 1:2,and 141 patients were identified(SR-RFA,n=47;TACE,n=94).Subgroup analysis was conducted according to factors associated with treatment options.Results:Before PSM,the 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates were 81.5%,68.3%and 64.3%in the SR-RFA group and 58.7%,35.5%and 24.4%in the TACE group,respectively(all P<0.001).After PSM,the 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates in the SR-RFA group were 81.8%,68.7%and 63.4%,whereas those in the TACE group were 59.3%,36.1%and 19.4%,respectively(all P<0.001).Subgroup analysis also revealed a survival advantage of SR-RFA over TACE in each subgroup.The 30-day mortality rate was 1.22%in the TACE group and nil in the SR-RFA group(P=0.861).Conclusions:SR-RFA provides better a long-term survival rate than TACE for patients with multifocal HCC beyond the Milan criteria.SR-RFA may serve as an alternative treatment for patients with multifocal HCC in a selected patient population.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB34030302)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0406400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11935017,11775229,12075253,12070131001)(CRC 110 by DFG and NNSFC)。
文摘In this work,we generate gauge configurations with N_(f)=2 dynamical charm quarks on anisotropic lattices.The mass shift of 1S and 1P charmonia due to the charm quark annihilation effect can be investigated directly in a manner of unitary theory.The distillation method is adopted to treat the charm quark annihilation diagrams at a very precise level.For 1S charmonia,the charm quark annihilation effect barely changes the J/ψmass,but lifts theη_(c) mass by approximately 3-4 MeV.For 1P charmonia,this effect results in positive mass shifts of approximately 1 MeV for χ_(c)1 and h_(c),but decreases the χ_(c)2 mass by approximately 3 MeV.We did not obtain a reliable result for the mass shift of χ_(c)0.In addition,we observed that the spin averaged mass of the spin-triplet 1P charmonia is in good agreement with h_(c),as expected by the non-relativistic quark model and measured by experiments.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB34030300,XDPB15)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0406400)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC)under Grants(11935017,12070131001)(CRC 110 by DFG and NNSFC)supported in part by a NSFC-DFG joint grant(12061131006 and SCHA458/22)。
文摘Glueballs are investigated through gluonic operators on two N_(f)=2+1RBC/UKQCD gauge ensembles at the physical pion mass.The statistical errors of glueball correlation functions are considerably reduced through the cluster decomposition error reduction(CDER)method.The Bethe-Salpeter wave functions are obtained for the scalar,tensor,and pseudoscalar glueballs by using spatially extended glueball operators defined through the gauge potential A_(μ)(x)in the Coulomb gauge.These wave functions exhibit similar features of non-relativistic two-gluon systems and are used to optimize the signals of the related correlation functions at the early time regions,where the ground state masses are extracted.These masses are close to those from the quenched approximation and indicate the possible existence of glueballs at the physical point.The resonance feature of glueballs and the mixing with conventional mesons and multi-hadron systems should be considered in a more systematic lattice study.
基金funded by the Yangzhou Talent Program“LvYangJingFeng”(YZLYJFJH2022YXBS124).
文摘Studying contaminant transport in the capillary fringe(CF),a crucial part of the vadose zone,offers insights into the mechanisms controlling pollution in soils and groundwater aquifers.This paper investigated contaminant transport in the CF by continuously injecting a conservative tracer(NaCl)and graphene oxide nanoparticle(GONP),an adsorptive contaminant,into a sandbox.After entering the CF from the unsaturated zone,both NaCl and GONP underwent lateral transport.The breakthrough curves(BTCs)for NaCl and GONP were derived from water samples collected at predetermined sampling holes.Subsequently,contaminant transport in the CF was modeled using a one-dimensionaletwo-dimensional(1D-2D)coupled hydrodynamic model.This model incorporated lateral dispersivity(aL=1.198 cm)and longitudinal dispersivity(aT=0.286 cm),calculated using a point-by-point method.The hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients obtained were then applied to the Brooks and Corey(BC)and the van Genuchten(VG)parametric models.The BC model more accurately simulated the NaCl migration compared to the VG model,leading to its application in simulating GONP transport in the CF.However,the simulated BTCs for GONP showed a lag behind the measured data,especially at high ionic strengths.This discrepancy was attributed to the variable adsorption partition coefficient of GONP under different ionic conditions.During the experiment,GONP adsorption onto the porous media's surface altered the capillary dynamics,notably increasing capillary rise height,decreasing seepage velocity,and reducing GONP dispersion.Therefore,it is necessary to consider the adsorption capacity of the contaminants in order to accurately assess their transport within the vadose zone.
基金This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82150004).
文摘Background:Associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)is increasingly used for the treatment of primarily unresectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLM)because of the insufficient future liver remnant(FLR).The aim of this study was to share our experience with ALPPS for advanced CRLM and review the role of ALPPS in the management of patients with CRLM.Methods:Consecutive patients(n=10)with CRLM who underwent ALPPS at our center between December 2014 and October 2021 were retrospectively studied.Results:The median age of patients was 58 years(range 49–70 years).Five patients had metachronous CRLM and the other 5 patients had synchronous CRLM.Five patients had unilateral CRLM and the other 5 patients had bilateral CRLM.All patients previously underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy.The FLR volume increased by 45.3%(35.8%–61.6%)over 14 days(range 7–21 days).The absolute and relative kinetic growth rates were 17.9 mL/day(range 7.5–32.1 mL/day)and 4.6%/day(range 2.3%–8.8%/day),respectively.Overall morbidity rates were 20%(2/10)and 40%(4/10)after ALPPS stage 1 and stage 2,respectively.The 30-day and 90-day mortality rates were 0%and 10%,respectively.R0 resection was achieved for all patients,and the median disease-free survival was 18.7 months.Conclusions:ALPPS is an effective treatment option for advanced CRLM.It enables rapid hypertrophy of the FLR and achieves a high R0 resection rate with an acceptable oncological outcome.However,ALPPS should be reserved for selected patients because of its relatively high morbidity and mortality.
