The human brain is highly plastic.Cognitive training is usually used to modify functional connectivity of brain networks.Moreover,the structures of brain networks may determine its dynamic behavior which is related to...The human brain is highly plastic.Cognitive training is usually used to modify functional connectivity of brain networks.Moreover,the structures of brain networks may determine its dynamic behavior which is related to human cognitive abilities.To study the effect of functional connectivity on the brain dynamics,the dynamic model based on functional connections of the brain and the Hindmarsh–Rose model is utilized in this work.The resting-state fMRI data from the experimental group undergoing abacus-based mental calculation(AMC)training and from the control group are used to construct the functional brain networks.The dynamic behavior of brain at the resting and task states for the AMC group and the control group are simulated with the above-mentioned dynamic model.In the resting state,there are the differences of brain activation between the AMC group and the control group,and more brain regions are inspired in the AMC group.A stimulus with sinusoidal signals to brain networks is introduced to simulate the brain dynamics in the task states.The dynamic characteristics are extracted by the excitation rates,the response intensities and the state distributions.The change in the functional connectivity of brain networks with the AMC training would in turn improve the brain response to external stimulus,and make the brain more efficient in processing tasks.展开更多
The organization of the brain follows a topologi-cal hierarchy that changes dynamically during development.However,it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during develop-...The organization of the brain follows a topologi-cal hierarchy that changes dynamically during development.However,it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during develop-ment can modify this hierarchical topology.By measuring the brain and behavior of school children who had carried out abacus-based mental calculation(AMC)training for five years(starting from 7 years to 12 years old)in pre-training and post-training,we revealed the reshaping effect of long-term AMC intervention during development on the brain hierarchical topology.We observed the development-induced emergence of the default network,AMC training-promoted shifting,and regional changes in cortical gradi-ents.Moreover,the training-induced gradient changes were located in visual and somatomotor areas in association with the visuospatial/motor-imagery strategy.We found that gradient-based features can predict the math ability within groups.Our findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of network recruitment impacted by long-term cognitive training during development.展开更多
Brain growth charts and age-normed brain templates are essential resources for researchers to eventually contribute to the care of individuals with atypical developmental trajectories.The present work generates age-no...Brain growth charts and age-normed brain templates are essential resources for researchers to eventually contribute to the care of individuals with atypical developmental trajectories.The present work generates age-normed brain templates for children and adolescents at one-year intervals and the corresponding growth charts to investigate the influences of age and ethnicity using a common pediatric neuroimaging protocol.Two accelerated longitudinal cohorts with the identical experimental design were implemented in the United States and China.Anatomical magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of typically developing school-age children(TDC)was obtained up to three times at nominal intervals of1.25 years.The protocol generated and compared population-and age-specific brain templates and growth charts,respectively.A total of 674 Chinese pediatric MRI scans were obtained from 457 Chinese TDC and 190 American pediatric MRI scans were obtained from 133 American TDC.Population-and age-specific brain templates were used to quantify warp cost,the differences between individual brains and brain templates.Volumetric growth charts for labeled brain network areas were generated.Shape analyses of cost functions supported the necessity of age-specific and ethnicitymatched brain templates,which was confirmed by growth chart analyses.These analyses revealed volumetric growth differences between the two ethnicities primarily in lateral frontal and parietal areas,regions which are most variable across individuals in regard to their structure and function.Age-and ethnicity-specific brain templates facilitate establishing unbiased pediatric brain growth charts,indicating the necessity of the brain charts and brain templates generated in tandem.These templates and growth charts as well as related codes have been made freely available to the public for open neuroscience(https://github.com/zuoxinian/CCS/tree/master/H3/Growth Charts).展开更多
Stimulus-sensitive surfaces with tunable morphologies exhibit a wide range of applications in the fields of surface science and engineering.Herein,a cost-effective yet practical strategy is proposed to fabricate photo...Stimulus-sensitive surfaces with tunable morphologies exhibit a wide range of applications in the fields of surface science and engineering.Herein,a cost-effective yet practical strategy is proposed to fabricate photo-sensitive patterning surface on film/substrate wrinkle system based on an azo-containing polyblend.By manipulating the stress field of the bilayer system globally and/or locally upon the stress relaxation triggered by the reversible cis-trans isomerization of the azobenzene,heating/cooling triggered surface wrinkles on the polyblend films could be tailor-made with visible-light-irradiation.Notably,upon selective photo-irradiation,bespoke surface patterns may be cyclically generated or eliminated,allowing these reconfigurable patterned polyblend surfaces to be used as rewritable information storage media for non-ink printing.The as-prepared photo-printed information patterns with high-resolution are shown to be rewritable for multiple cycles and legible for over 90 d in dark ambient conditions.This study not only provides a versatile strategy for flourishing the stimulus-sensitive systems,but also sheds light on the stress relaxation-triggered morphological evolution of the wrinkling polyblend films.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62276229 and 32071096).
文摘The human brain is highly plastic.Cognitive training is usually used to modify functional connectivity of brain networks.Moreover,the structures of brain networks may determine its dynamic behavior which is related to human cognitive abilities.To study the effect of functional connectivity on the brain dynamics,the dynamic model based on functional connections of the brain and the Hindmarsh–Rose model is utilized in this work.The resting-state fMRI data from the experimental group undergoing abacus-based mental calculation(AMC)training and from the control group are used to construct the functional brain networks.The dynamic behavior of brain at the resting and task states for the AMC group and the control group are simulated with the above-mentioned dynamic model.In the resting state,there are the differences of brain activation between the AMC group and the control group,and more brain regions are inspired in the AMC group.A stimulus with sinusoidal signals to brain networks is introduced to simulate the brain dynamics in the task states.The dynamic characteristics are extracted by the excitation rates,the response intensities and the state distributions.The change in the functional connectivity of brain networks with the AMC training would in turn improve the brain response to external stimulus,and make the brain more efficient in processing tasks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071096 and 31270026)the National Social Science Foundation(17ZDA323)+3 种基金the STI 2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0200500)the Hong Kong Baptist University Research Committee Interdisciplinary Research Matching Scheme 2018/19(IRMS/18-19/SCI01)the Recruitment Program of Global Experts of Zhejiang Provincethe Start-up Funds for Leading Talents at Beijing Normal University and the National Basic Science Data Center“Chinese Data-sharing Warehouse for In-vivo Imaging Brain”(NBSDC-DB-15).
文摘The organization of the brain follows a topologi-cal hierarchy that changes dynamically during development.However,it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during develop-ment can modify this hierarchical topology.By measuring the brain and behavior of school children who had carried out abacus-based mental calculation(AMC)training for five years(starting from 7 years to 12 years old)in pre-training and post-training,we revealed the reshaping effect of long-term AMC intervention during development on the brain hierarchical topology.We observed the development-induced emergence of the default network,AMC training-promoted shifting,and regional changes in cortical gradi-ents.Moreover,the training-induced gradient changes were located in visual and somatomotor areas in association with the visuospatial/motor-imagery strategy.We found that gradient-based features can predict the math ability within groups.Our findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of network recruitment impacted by long-term cognitive training during development.
基金the Beijing Municipal Science and Tech Commission(Z161100002616023,Z171100000117012,Z181100001518003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81220108014)+4 种基金the China-Netherlands CAS-NWO Programme(153111KYSB20160020)the National R&D Infrastructure and Facility Development Program of China,Fundamental Science Data Sharing Platform(DKA2020-12-02-21)the Startup Funds for Leading Talents at Beijing Normal University,Guangxi Ba Gui Scholarship(201621)the Key Realm R&D Program of Guangdong Province(2019B030335001)funded by the Singapore National Research Foundation(NRF)Fellowship(Class of 2017)。
文摘Brain growth charts and age-normed brain templates are essential resources for researchers to eventually contribute to the care of individuals with atypical developmental trajectories.The present work generates age-normed brain templates for children and adolescents at one-year intervals and the corresponding growth charts to investigate the influences of age and ethnicity using a common pediatric neuroimaging protocol.Two accelerated longitudinal cohorts with the identical experimental design were implemented in the United States and China.Anatomical magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of typically developing school-age children(TDC)was obtained up to three times at nominal intervals of1.25 years.The protocol generated and compared population-and age-specific brain templates and growth charts,respectively.A total of 674 Chinese pediatric MRI scans were obtained from 457 Chinese TDC and 190 American pediatric MRI scans were obtained from 133 American TDC.Population-and age-specific brain templates were used to quantify warp cost,the differences between individual brains and brain templates.Volumetric growth charts for labeled brain network areas were generated.Shape analyses of cost functions supported the necessity of age-specific and ethnicitymatched brain templates,which was confirmed by growth chart analyses.These analyses revealed volumetric growth differences between the two ethnicities primarily in lateral frontal and parietal areas,regions which are most variable across individuals in regard to their structure and function.Age-and ethnicity-specific brain templates facilitate establishing unbiased pediatric brain growth charts,indicating the necessity of the brain charts and brain templates generated in tandem.These templates and growth charts as well as related codes have been made freely available to the public for open neuroscience(https://github.com/zuoxinian/CCS/tree/master/H3/Growth Charts).
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21704033,52173168)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Nos.ZR2020LFG009,SZR1946)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2019M662441).
文摘Stimulus-sensitive surfaces with tunable morphologies exhibit a wide range of applications in the fields of surface science and engineering.Herein,a cost-effective yet practical strategy is proposed to fabricate photo-sensitive patterning surface on film/substrate wrinkle system based on an azo-containing polyblend.By manipulating the stress field of the bilayer system globally and/or locally upon the stress relaxation triggered by the reversible cis-trans isomerization of the azobenzene,heating/cooling triggered surface wrinkles on the polyblend films could be tailor-made with visible-light-irradiation.Notably,upon selective photo-irradiation,bespoke surface patterns may be cyclically generated or eliminated,allowing these reconfigurable patterned polyblend surfaces to be used as rewritable information storage media for non-ink printing.The as-prepared photo-printed information patterns with high-resolution are shown to be rewritable for multiple cycles and legible for over 90 d in dark ambient conditions.This study not only provides a versatile strategy for flourishing the stimulus-sensitive systems,but also sheds light on the stress relaxation-triggered morphological evolution of the wrinkling polyblend films.
