Well Taiye 1 in the Fuling area of the eastern Sichuan Basin has obtained a high-yield industrial gas flow(7.5×10^(4) m^(3)/d gas and 9.8 m^(3)/d oil)from the Middle Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation,presenting a g...Well Taiye 1 in the Fuling area of the eastern Sichuan Basin has obtained a high-yield industrial gas flow(7.5×10^(4) m^(3)/d gas and 9.8 m^(3)/d oil)from the Middle Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation,presenting a good test production effects,which means the realization of a major breakthrough in the exploration of Jurassic lacustrine shale oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin.In order to further determine the exploration potential of lacustrine shale oil and gas in this area and realize the large-scale efficient development and utilization of lacustrine shale oil and gas,this paper analyzes the geological conditions for the accumulation of lacustrine shale oil and gas in this area by using the drilling data of 10 key wells,such as wells Taiye 1 and Fuye 10.Then,the main factors controlling the enrichment of lacustrine shale oil and gas are discussed,and the exploration potential and favorable target zones of Jurassic lacustrine shale oil and gas in the Fuling area are defined.And the following research results are obtained.First,the quality Jurassic semi-deep lake shale in the Fuling area is characterized by high organic matter abundance,high porosity and high gas content,and it is the geological base of shale oil and gas enrichment.Second,the developed large wide and gentle syncline,good preservation condition and higher pressure coefficient(generally>1.2)are the key to the enrichment and high yield of shale oil and gas.Third,the developed microfractures in lacustrine shale are conducive to the enrichment and later fracturing of shale oil and gas.In conclusion,the Lianggaoshan Formation lacustrine shale in the Fuling area is widely distributed with moderate burial depth,developed microfractures and moderate thermal evolution,and its shale gas resource extent and shale oil resource extent are 1922×10^(8)m^(3)and 2800×10^(4)t,respectively,indicating greater potential of shale oil and gas exploration,so shale oil and gas is the important field of oil and gas reserves and production increase in this area in the following stage.展开更多
Bismuth-based materials are prevalent catalysts for CO_(2)electroreduction to formate,enduring high hydrogen evolution reactions and inadequate activity and stability.Herein,we reveal that in-situ electrochemical tran...Bismuth-based materials are prevalent catalysts for CO_(2)electroreduction to formate,enduring high hydrogen evolution reactions and inadequate activity and stability.Herein,we reveal that in-situ electrochemical transformation of Cu_(2)BiS_(x)solid solution into Bi/Cu_(x)S_(y)heterointerfaces,which can stabilize the intermediates and achieve highly selective and consistent CO_(2)electroreduction.It shows over 85%Faraday efficiency(FE)of formate with a potential window of−0.8 to−1.2 VRHE(RHE:reversible hydrogen electrode)and a stability above 90%over 27 h in H-type cell at−0.9 VRHE.It maintains more than 85%of FEformate at the current density of−25 to−200 mA·cm^(−2),has stability of about 80%of FEformate at least 10 h at−150 mA·cm^(−2)in flow cell.In-situ Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy measurement confirms that the preferred route of catalytic reaction is to generate *CO_(2)^(−) and *OCHO intermediates.The density functional theory(DFT)calculations illustrate that heterointerfaces facilitate the prior process of CO_(2)to HCOOH through *OCHO by additional Bi hybrid orbitals.This study is expected to open up a new idea for the design of CO_(2)electroreduction catalyst.展开更多
The yolk–shell structure has a unique advantage in lithium-ion batteries applications due to its ability to effectively buffer the volume expansion of the lithiation/delithiation process.However,its development is li...The yolk–shell structure has a unique advantage in lithium-ion batteries applications due to its ability to effectively buffer the volume expansion of the lithiation/delithiation process.However,its development is limited by the low contact point between the core and shell.Herein,we propose a general strategy of simultaneous construction of sufficient reserved space and multicontinuous active channels by pyrolysis of two carbon substrates.A double-shell structure consisting of Co_(3)O_(4) anchored to hollow carbon sphere and external self-supporting zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF)layer was constructed by spray pyrolysis and additional carbon coating in-situ growth.In the process of high-temperature calcination,the carbon and nitrogen layers between the shells separate,creating additional space,while the Co_(3)O_(4) particles between the shells remain are still in close contact to form continuous and fast electron conduction channels,which can realize better charge transfer.Due to the synergy of these design principles,the material has ultra-high initial discharge capacities of 2,183.1 mAh·g^(−1) at 0.2 A·g^(−1) with capacity of 1,121.36 mAh·g^(−1) after 250 cycles,the long-term capacities retention rate is about 92.4%after 700 cycles at 1 A·g^(−1).This unique channel-type double-shell structure fights a way out to prepare novel electrode materials with high performance.展开更多
Building heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)systems consume large amounts of energy,and precise energy prediction is necessary for developing various energy-efficiency strategies.Energy prediction using dat...Building heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)systems consume large amounts of energy,and precise energy prediction is necessary for developing various energy-efficiency strategies.Energy prediction using data-driven models has received increasing attention in recent years.Typically,two types of driven models are used for building energy prediction:sequential and parallel predictive models.The latter uses the historical energy of the target building as training data to predict future energy consumption.However,for newly built buildings or buildings without historical data records,the energy can be estimated using the parallel model,which employs the energy data of similar buildings as training data.The second predictive model is seldom studied because the model input feature is difficult to identify and collect.Herein,we propose a novel key-variable-based parallel HVAC energy predictive model.This model has informative input features(including meteorological data,occupancy activity,and key variables representing building and system characteristics)and a simple architecture.A general key-variable screening toolkit which was more versatile and flexible than present parametric analysis tools was developed to facilitate the selection of key variables for the parallel HVAC energy predictive model.A case study is conducted to screen the key variables of hotel buildings in eastern China,based on which a parallel chiller energy predictive model is trained and tested.The average cross-test error measured in terms of the coefficient of variation of the root mean square error(CV-RMSE)and normalized mean bias error(NMBE)of the parallel chiller energy predictive model is approximately 16%and 8.3%,which is acceptable for energy prediction without using historical energy data of the target building.展开更多
Recently,rechargeable zinc-ion batteries have been considered as the future development direction of large-scale energy storage due to their low price,safety,environmental friendliness,and excellent electrochemical pe...Recently,rechargeable zinc-ion batteries have been considered as the future development direction of large-scale energy storage due to their low price,safety,environmental friendliness,and excellent electrochemical performance.However,highcapacity,long-cycle stable cathode materials that can meet the demand are still to be developed.Herein,the hollow mesoporous ZnMn2O4/C microsphere cathode material with carbon nanotubes embedded in the shell was prepared by spray pyrolysis for the first time.Its capacity remained at 209.71 mAh·g−1 after 150 cycles at a rate of 0.5 A·g−1,and still maintained a specific capacity of 100.06 mAh·g−1 at a rate of 1 A·g−1 after 1,000 cycles.The outstanding performance is attributed to the hollow structure that can effectively buffer large volume changes caused by ion intercalation and deintercalation,excellent porosity,cationic defects,and high electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes and its strong adsorption to ZnMn2O4 nanoparticles.展开更多
Purpose Long-term bladder instillation therapy will bring more infusion side effects and economic consumption to patients.This study aims to compare short-term gemcitabine vs.long-term epirubicin for intravesical chem...Purpose Long-term bladder instillation therapy will bring more infusion side effects and economic consumption to patients.This study aims to compare short-term gemcitabine vs.long-term epirubicin for intravesical chemother-apy in patients diagnosed with moderate-to high-risk NMIBC treated using transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT).Materials and methods This randomized controlled trial enrolled patients diagnosed with pT1 bladder cancer who underwent TURBT at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute from(01/2015-07/2018),randomized 1:1 to gemcit-abine vs.epirubicin.Recurrence-free survival(RFS)and progression-free survival(PFS)were monitored by cystoscopy.Side-effects after intravesical instillation and QLQ-C30 questionnaire were collected.Results Finally,208 patients were enrolled.The median follow-up was 50.6(6–69)months.The median RFS of the gemcitabine vs.epirubicin groups were 46.7(6–69)vs.47.2(8–69)months,respectively(P>0.05);the median PFS was 51.3(9–69)vs.50.9(27–69)months,respectively(P>0.05).The incidence rates of lower urinary tract symp-toms,dysuria,hypo gastralgia,and gastrointestinal symptoms in the epirubicin group were 33.3%,6.7%,17.7%,and 18.3%,compared with 8.5%,3.4%,8.5%and,1.2%,respectively,for gemcitabine.The gemcitabine group had a better quality of life than epirubicin in global health status(82.8±8.5 vs.79.6±4.2,P=0.01)and pain symptom domain(1.1±2.8 vs.2.4±3.8,P=0.04).Conclusions There are no significant differences in efficacy between gemcitabine and epirubicin for intravesical chemotherapy in patients with moderate to high-risk NMIBC to prevent tumor recurrence or progression for patients intolerant to BCG or those for whom BCG is not accessible.Patients with gemcitabine suffer fewer adverse events and have a better health status than with epirubicin.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project“Target Assessment and Exploration Technologies of Shale Gas Play”(No.:2017ZX05036)the Sinopec“Ten Major”Scientific and Technological Projects“Exploration and Evaluation Techniques of Jurassic Continental Shale Oil and Gas”(No.:P21078-1).
文摘Well Taiye 1 in the Fuling area of the eastern Sichuan Basin has obtained a high-yield industrial gas flow(7.5×10^(4) m^(3)/d gas and 9.8 m^(3)/d oil)from the Middle Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation,presenting a good test production effects,which means the realization of a major breakthrough in the exploration of Jurassic lacustrine shale oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin.In order to further determine the exploration potential of lacustrine shale oil and gas in this area and realize the large-scale efficient development and utilization of lacustrine shale oil and gas,this paper analyzes the geological conditions for the accumulation of lacustrine shale oil and gas in this area by using the drilling data of 10 key wells,such as wells Taiye 1 and Fuye 10.Then,the main factors controlling the enrichment of lacustrine shale oil and gas are discussed,and the exploration potential and favorable target zones of Jurassic lacustrine shale oil and gas in the Fuling area are defined.And the following research results are obtained.First,the quality Jurassic semi-deep lake shale in the Fuling area is characterized by high organic matter abundance,high porosity and high gas content,and it is the geological base of shale oil and gas enrichment.Second,the developed large wide and gentle syncline,good preservation condition and higher pressure coefficient(generally>1.2)are the key to the enrichment and high yield of shale oil and gas.Third,the developed microfractures in lacustrine shale are conducive to the enrichment and later fracturing of shale oil and gas.In conclusion,the Lianggaoshan Formation lacustrine shale in the Fuling area is widely distributed with moderate burial depth,developed microfractures and moderate thermal evolution,and its shale gas resource extent and shale oil resource extent are 1922×10^(8)m^(3)and 2800×10^(4)t,respectively,indicating greater potential of shale oil and gas exploration,so shale oil and gas is the important field of oil and gas reserves and production increase in this area in the following stage.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21871005 and 22171005)the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(Nos.GXXT-2020-005,GXXT-2021-012,and GXXT-2021-013).
文摘Bismuth-based materials are prevalent catalysts for CO_(2)electroreduction to formate,enduring high hydrogen evolution reactions and inadequate activity and stability.Herein,we reveal that in-situ electrochemical transformation of Cu_(2)BiS_(x)solid solution into Bi/Cu_(x)S_(y)heterointerfaces,which can stabilize the intermediates and achieve highly selective and consistent CO_(2)electroreduction.It shows over 85%Faraday efficiency(FE)of formate with a potential window of−0.8 to−1.2 VRHE(RHE:reversible hydrogen electrode)and a stability above 90%over 27 h in H-type cell at−0.9 VRHE.It maintains more than 85%of FEformate at the current density of−25 to−200 mA·cm^(−2),has stability of about 80%of FEformate at least 10 h at−150 mA·cm^(−2)in flow cell.In-situ Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy measurement confirms that the preferred route of catalytic reaction is to generate *CO_(2)^(−) and *OCHO intermediates.The density functional theory(DFT)calculations illustrate that heterointerfaces facilitate the prior process of CO_(2)to HCOOH through *OCHO by additional Bi hybrid orbitals.This study is expected to open up a new idea for the design of CO_(2)electroreduction catalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21871005 and 22171005)the Program for Innovative Research Team of Anhui Education Committee,the Project for Collaborative Innovation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes(Nos.GXXT-2020-005,GXXT-2021-012,and GXXT-2021-013)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Anhui Province(No.KJ2020A0075)the Foundation of the Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials and Chemistry for Sustainable Conversion of Natural Resources(No.LCECSC-10).
文摘The yolk–shell structure has a unique advantage in lithium-ion batteries applications due to its ability to effectively buffer the volume expansion of the lithiation/delithiation process.However,its development is limited by the low contact point between the core and shell.Herein,we propose a general strategy of simultaneous construction of sufficient reserved space and multicontinuous active channels by pyrolysis of two carbon substrates.A double-shell structure consisting of Co_(3)O_(4) anchored to hollow carbon sphere and external self-supporting zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF)layer was constructed by spray pyrolysis and additional carbon coating in-situ growth.In the process of high-temperature calcination,the carbon and nitrogen layers between the shells separate,creating additional space,while the Co_(3)O_(4) particles between the shells remain are still in close contact to form continuous and fast electron conduction channels,which can realize better charge transfer.Due to the synergy of these design principles,the material has ultra-high initial discharge capacities of 2,183.1 mAh·g^(−1) at 0.2 A·g^(−1) with capacity of 1,121.36 mAh·g^(−1) after 250 cycles,the long-term capacities retention rate is about 92.4%after 700 cycles at 1 A·g^(−1).This unique channel-type double-shell structure fights a way out to prepare novel electrode materials with high performance.
基金This research is sponsored by China Southern Power Grid Technology Co.LTD(No.GDKJXM20200569).
文摘Building heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)systems consume large amounts of energy,and precise energy prediction is necessary for developing various energy-efficiency strategies.Energy prediction using data-driven models has received increasing attention in recent years.Typically,two types of driven models are used for building energy prediction:sequential and parallel predictive models.The latter uses the historical energy of the target building as training data to predict future energy consumption.However,for newly built buildings or buildings without historical data records,the energy can be estimated using the parallel model,which employs the energy data of similar buildings as training data.The second predictive model is seldom studied because the model input feature is difficult to identify and collect.Herein,we propose a novel key-variable-based parallel HVAC energy predictive model.This model has informative input features(including meteorological data,occupancy activity,and key variables representing building and system characteristics)and a simple architecture.A general key-variable screening toolkit which was more versatile and flexible than present parametric analysis tools was developed to facilitate the selection of key variables for the parallel HVAC energy predictive model.A case study is conducted to screen the key variables of hotel buildings in eastern China,based on which a parallel chiller energy predictive model is trained and tested.The average cross-test error measured in terms of the coefficient of variation of the root mean square error(CV-RMSE)and normalized mean bias error(NMBE)of the parallel chiller energy predictive model is approximately 16%and 8.3%,which is acceptable for energy prediction without using historical energy data of the target building.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21871005 and 22171005)the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(Nos.GXXT-2020-005,GXXT-2021-012,and GXXT-2021-013)Open project of Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics(No.IIMOKFJJ-19-09).
文摘Recently,rechargeable zinc-ion batteries have been considered as the future development direction of large-scale energy storage due to their low price,safety,environmental friendliness,and excellent electrochemical performance.However,highcapacity,long-cycle stable cathode materials that can meet the demand are still to be developed.Herein,the hollow mesoporous ZnMn2O4/C microsphere cathode material with carbon nanotubes embedded in the shell was prepared by spray pyrolysis for the first time.Its capacity remained at 209.71 mAh·g−1 after 150 cycles at a rate of 0.5 A·g−1,and still maintained a specific capacity of 100.06 mAh·g−1 at a rate of 1 A·g−1 after 1,000 cycles.The outstanding performance is attributed to the hollow structure that can effectively buffer large volume changes caused by ion intercalation and deintercalation,excellent porosity,cationic defects,and high electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes and its strong adsorption to ZnMn2O4 nanoparticles.
文摘Purpose Long-term bladder instillation therapy will bring more infusion side effects and economic consumption to patients.This study aims to compare short-term gemcitabine vs.long-term epirubicin for intravesical chemother-apy in patients diagnosed with moderate-to high-risk NMIBC treated using transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT).Materials and methods This randomized controlled trial enrolled patients diagnosed with pT1 bladder cancer who underwent TURBT at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute from(01/2015-07/2018),randomized 1:1 to gemcit-abine vs.epirubicin.Recurrence-free survival(RFS)and progression-free survival(PFS)were monitored by cystoscopy.Side-effects after intravesical instillation and QLQ-C30 questionnaire were collected.Results Finally,208 patients were enrolled.The median follow-up was 50.6(6–69)months.The median RFS of the gemcitabine vs.epirubicin groups were 46.7(6–69)vs.47.2(8–69)months,respectively(P>0.05);the median PFS was 51.3(9–69)vs.50.9(27–69)months,respectively(P>0.05).The incidence rates of lower urinary tract symp-toms,dysuria,hypo gastralgia,and gastrointestinal symptoms in the epirubicin group were 33.3%,6.7%,17.7%,and 18.3%,compared with 8.5%,3.4%,8.5%and,1.2%,respectively,for gemcitabine.The gemcitabine group had a better quality of life than epirubicin in global health status(82.8±8.5 vs.79.6±4.2,P=0.01)and pain symptom domain(1.1±2.8 vs.2.4±3.8,P=0.04).Conclusions There are no significant differences in efficacy between gemcitabine and epirubicin for intravesical chemotherapy in patients with moderate to high-risk NMIBC to prevent tumor recurrence or progression for patients intolerant to BCG or those for whom BCG is not accessible.Patients with gemcitabine suffer fewer adverse events and have a better health status than with epirubicin.
