BACKGROUND The strategy for preventing colorectal cancer is screening by colonoscopy,which offers a direct way for detection and removal of adenomatous polyps(APs).American College of Gastroenterology guidelines recom...BACKGROUND The strategy for preventing colorectal cancer is screening by colonoscopy,which offers a direct way for detection and removal of adenomatous polyps(APs).American College of Gastroenterology guidelines recommend that people aged≥45 years should undergo colonoscopy;however,how to deal with people aged≤45 years is still unknown.AIM To compare the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia between the left and right colon in patients≤45 years.METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted at a single tertiary III hospital in China.This study included patients aged 18-45 years with undergoing initial colonoscopy dissection and pathological diagnosis AP or high-grade neoplasia between February 2014 and January 2021.The number of APs in the entire colon while screening and post-polypectomy surveillance in following 1-3 years were evaluated.RESULTS A total of 3053 cases were included.The prevalence of APs in the left and right colon was 55.0%and 41.6%,respectively(OR 1.7,95%CI 1.6-2.4;P<0.05).For APs with high-grade neoplasia,the prevalence was 2.7%and 0.9%,respectively(OR 3.0,95%CI 2.0-4.6;P<0.05).Therefore,the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia in the left colon was significantly higher than in the right colon in patients aged≤45 years.There were 327 patients who voluntarily participated in post-polypectomy surveillance in following 1-3 years,and APs were found in 216 cases(66.1%);170 cases had 1-3 polyps(52.0%)and 46 cases had>3 polyps(14.1%;OR 0.3,95%CI 0.1-0.6;P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study suggests that flexible sigmoidoscopy would be an optimal approach for initial screening in people aged≤45 years and would be a more cost-effective and safe strategy.展开更多
Urban water supply network is a modern urban survival and development of the infrastructure of a city,and its normal running conditions have important significance. The actual hydraulic process in the variableload wat...Urban water supply network is a modern urban survival and development of the infrastructure of a city,and its normal running conditions have important significance. The actual hydraulic process in the variableload water distribution networks can be treated as the slow transient flow which belongs to the unsteady flow. This paper analyzes the multi-loops network slow transient model based on graph theory,and the link flow matrix is treated as the variables of the discrete solution model to simulate the process of the slow transient flow in the network. With the simulation of hydraulic regime in an actual pipe network,the changing laws of the flow in the pipes,nodal hydraulic heads and other hydraulic factors with the passage of time are obtained. Since the transient processes offer much more information than a steady process,the slow transient theory is not only practical on analyzing the hydraulic condition of the network,but also on identifying hydraulic resistance coefficients of pipes and detecting the leakage in networks.展开更多
Background： Nurrl plays an essential role in the development, survival, and function maintenance ofmidbrain dopaminergic （DA） neurons, and it is a potential target for Parkinson＇s disease （PD）. Nurrl mRNA can be...Background： Nurrl plays an essential role in the development, survival, and function maintenance ofmidbrain dopaminergic （DA） neurons, and it is a potential target for Parkinson＇s disease （PD）. Nurrl mRNA can be detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs）, but whether there is any association of altered Nurrl expression in PBMC with the disease and DA drug treatments remains elusive. This study aimed to measure the Nurrl mRNA level in PBMC and evaluate the effect of Nurrl expression by DA agents in vivo and in vitro. Methods： The mRNA levels of Nurrl in PBMC of four subgroups of 362 PD patients and 193 healthy controls （HCs） using real-time polymerase chain reaction were measured. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to evaluate the differences between PD and HC, as well as the subgroups of PD. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent association of Nurrl expression with Hoehn and Yahr scale, age, and drug treatments. Besides, the Nurrl expression in cultured PBMC was measured to determine whether DA agonist pramipexole affects its mRNA level. Results： The relative Nurrl mRNA levels in DA agonists treated subgroup were significant higher than those in recent-onset cases without any anti-PD treatments （de novo） （P 〈 0.001 ） and HC groups （P 〈 0.010）, respectively. Furthermore, the increase in Nurr I mRNA expression was seen in DA agonist and L-dopa group. Multivariate linear regression showed DA agonists, L-dopa, and DA agonists were independent predictors correlated with Nurrl mRNA expression level in PBMC. In vitlv, in the cultured PBMC treated with 10 μmol/L pramipexole, the Nurrl mRNA levels were significantly increased by 99.61%, 71.75%, 73.16% in 2, 4, and 8 h, respectively （P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusions： DA agonists can induce Nurrl expression in PBMC, and such effect may contribute to DA agonists-mediated neuroprotection on DA neurons.展开更多
基金Supported by Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission Key Program of Fundamental Research,China,No.JCYJ20210324120200001Shenzhen Science and Technology Program of Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases,China,No.20220822182953001.
文摘BACKGROUND The strategy for preventing colorectal cancer is screening by colonoscopy,which offers a direct way for detection and removal of adenomatous polyps(APs).American College of Gastroenterology guidelines recommend that people aged≥45 years should undergo colonoscopy;however,how to deal with people aged≤45 years is still unknown.AIM To compare the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia between the left and right colon in patients≤45 years.METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted at a single tertiary III hospital in China.This study included patients aged 18-45 years with undergoing initial colonoscopy dissection and pathological diagnosis AP or high-grade neoplasia between February 2014 and January 2021.The number of APs in the entire colon while screening and post-polypectomy surveillance in following 1-3 years were evaluated.RESULTS A total of 3053 cases were included.The prevalence of APs in the left and right colon was 55.0%and 41.6%,respectively(OR 1.7,95%CI 1.6-2.4;P<0.05).For APs with high-grade neoplasia,the prevalence was 2.7%and 0.9%,respectively(OR 3.0,95%CI 2.0-4.6;P<0.05).Therefore,the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia in the left colon was significantly higher than in the right colon in patients aged≤45 years.There were 327 patients who voluntarily participated in post-polypectomy surveillance in following 1-3 years,and APs were found in 216 cases(66.1%);170 cases had 1-3 polyps(52.0%)and 46 cases had>3 polyps(14.1%;OR 0.3,95%CI 0.1-0.6;P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study suggests that flexible sigmoidoscopy would be an optimal approach for initial screening in people aged≤45 years and would be a more cost-effective and safe strategy.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50908064 and 51208158)the 46thChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.20090460912)
文摘Urban water supply network is a modern urban survival and development of the infrastructure of a city,and its normal running conditions have important significance. The actual hydraulic process in the variableload water distribution networks can be treated as the slow transient flow which belongs to the unsteady flow. This paper analyzes the multi-loops network slow transient model based on graph theory,and the link flow matrix is treated as the variables of the discrete solution model to simulate the process of the slow transient flow in the network. With the simulation of hydraulic regime in an actual pipe network,the changing laws of the flow in the pipes,nodal hydraulic heads and other hydraulic factors with the passage of time are obtained. Since the transient processes offer much more information than a steady process,the slow transient theory is not only practical on analyzing the hydraulic condition of the network,but also on identifying hydraulic resistance coefficients of pipes and detecting the leakage in networks.
基金grants from the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China，the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China，the National Natural Science Foundation of China，key project from Guangzhou Science and Technology Department，Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China，Medicine and Health Care Technology Projects Foundation of Guangzhou City,China
文摘Background： Nurrl plays an essential role in the development, survival, and function maintenance ofmidbrain dopaminergic （DA） neurons, and it is a potential target for Parkinson＇s disease （PD）. Nurrl mRNA can be detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs）, but whether there is any association of altered Nurrl expression in PBMC with the disease and DA drug treatments remains elusive. This study aimed to measure the Nurrl mRNA level in PBMC and evaluate the effect of Nurrl expression by DA agents in vivo and in vitro. Methods： The mRNA levels of Nurrl in PBMC of four subgroups of 362 PD patients and 193 healthy controls （HCs） using real-time polymerase chain reaction were measured. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to evaluate the differences between PD and HC, as well as the subgroups of PD. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent association of Nurrl expression with Hoehn and Yahr scale, age, and drug treatments. Besides, the Nurrl expression in cultured PBMC was measured to determine whether DA agonist pramipexole affects its mRNA level. Results： The relative Nurrl mRNA levels in DA agonists treated subgroup were significant higher than those in recent-onset cases without any anti-PD treatments （de novo） （P 〈 0.001 ） and HC groups （P 〈 0.010）, respectively. Furthermore, the increase in Nurr I mRNA expression was seen in DA agonist and L-dopa group. Multivariate linear regression showed DA agonists, L-dopa, and DA agonists were independent predictors correlated with Nurrl mRNA expression level in PBMC. In vitlv, in the cultured PBMC treated with 10 μmol/L pramipexole, the Nurrl mRNA levels were significantly increased by 99.61%, 71.75%, 73.16% in 2, 4, and 8 h, respectively （P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusions： DA agonists can induce Nurrl expression in PBMC, and such effect may contribute to DA agonists-mediated neuroprotection on DA neurons.
