Photo-assisted lithium–sulfur batteries(PALSBs)offer an eco-friendly solution to address the issue of sluggish reaction kinetics of conventional LSBs.However,designing an efficient photoelectrode for practical implem...Photo-assisted lithium–sulfur batteries(PALSBs)offer an eco-friendly solution to address the issue of sluggish reaction kinetics of conventional LSBs.However,designing an efficient photoelectrode for practical implementation remains a significant challenge.Herein,we construct a free-standing polymer–inorganic hybrid photoelectrode with a direct Z-scheme heterostructure to develop high-efficiency PALSBs.Specifically,polypyrrole(PPy)is in situ vapor-phase polymerized on the surface of N-doped TiO_(2) nanorods supported on carbon cloth(N-TiO_(2)/CC),thereby forming a well-defined p–n heterojunction.This architecture efficiently facilitates the carrier separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs and significantly enhances carrier transport by creating a built-in electric field.Thus,the PPy@N-TiO_(2)/CC can simultaneously act as a photocatalyst and an electrocatalyst to accelerate the reduction and evolution of sulfur,enabling ultrafast sulfur redox dynamics,as convincingly validated by both theoretical simulations and experimental results.Consequently,the PPy@N-TiO_(2)/CC PALSB achieves a high discharge capacity of 1653 mAh g^(−1),reaching 98.7%of the theoretical value.Furthermore,5 h of photo-charging without external voltage enables the PALSB to deliver a discharge capacity of 333 mAh g^(−1),achieving dual-mode energy harvesting capabilities.This work successfully integrates solar energy conversion and storage within a rechargeable battery system,providing a promising strategy for sustainable energy storage technologies.展开更多
Objective To examine national trends in antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance(AMR)among six WHO-priority bacterial pathogens in China from 2016 to 2022.Methods This ecological study analyzed national and...Objective To examine national trends in antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance(AMR)among six WHO-priority bacterial pathogens in China from 2016 to 2022.Methods This ecological study analyzed national and provincial data from the China Antibacterial Resistance Surveillance System(CARSS)and the National Hospital Information Network.Beta regression models assessed temporal trends,and hierarchical models evaluated associations between antibiotic use and resistance.Results From 2016 to 2022,carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium and E.faecalis significantly declined(β<0,P<0.010),while carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae increased(β=0.081,P<0.001).Nationwide antibiotic consumption rose across 10 major classes.Positive associations were found between carbapenem use and resistance in A.baumannii(z=2.719,P=0.007)and P.aeruginosa(z=3.241,P=0.001),and between vancomycin use and resistance in E.faecium(z=4.510,P=0.001)and E.faecalis(z=3.210,P=0.001).Conclusion Carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae increased significantly in China,while other resistant pathogens declined.Resistance patterns were linked to the use of multiple antibiotic classes,underscoring the need for strengthened antibiotic stewardship and surveillance.展开更多
Coaly source rocks have attracted considerable attention for their significant hydrocarbon generation potential in recent years. However, limited study is performed on utilizing geochemical data and well log data to e...Coaly source rocks have attracted considerable attention for their significant hydrocarbon generation potential in recent years. However, limited study is performed on utilizing geochemical data and well log data to evaluate coaly hydrocarbon source rocks. In this study, geochemical data and well log data are selected from two key wells to conduct an evaluation of coaly hydrocarbon source rocks of Jurassic Kezilenuer Formation in Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin. Initially, analysis was focused on geochemical parameters to assess organic matter type, source rock quality, and hydrocarbon generation potential.Lithology types of source rocks include mudstone, carbonaceous mudstone and coal. The predominant organic matter type identified was Type Ⅲ and Type Ⅱ_(2), indicating a favorable hydrocarbon generation potential. Well log data are integrated to predict total organic carbon(TOC) content, and the results indicate that multiple regression method is effective in predicting TOC of carbonaceous mudstone and coal. However, the ΔlgR method exhibited limited predictive capability for mudstone source rock.Additionally, machine learning methods including multilayer perceptron neural network(MLP), random forest(RF), and extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) techniques are employed to predict TOC of mudstone source rock. The XGBoost performs best in TOC prediction with correlation coefficient(R2) of 0.9517, indicating a close agreement between measured and predicted TOC values. This study provides a reliable prediction method of coaly hydrocarbon source rocks through machine learning methods, and will provide guidance for resource assessment.展开更多
Medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia is essential for managing symptoms,improving prognosis,and enhancing the quality of life.Despite the importance of adherence,it remains a global challenge.It is infl...Medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia is essential for managing symptoms,improving prognosis,and enhancing the quality of life.Despite the importance of adherence,it remains a global challenge.It is influenced by various factors,including symptom severity(e.g.,excitement and impulse control disorders),attitudes towards medication(e.g.,pharmacophobia),lack of social support,and the communication efficacy of healthcare teams.Regarding assessment tools,self-report questionnaires,such as the Morisky Scale,are common but subject to recall bias.Electronic monitoring devices(e.g.,Medication Event Monitoring System)and pharmacy refill data offer more objective measures of adherence,whereas biomarkers,such as blood drug concentration monitoring,show promise under specific conditions but require further validation.Long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications have shown greater adherence benefits than oral medications.Psychological interventions such as motivational interviewing and mindfulness training,along with multidisciplinary team efforts,including psychiatrists,pharmacists,and psychotherapists,can significantly improve patient outcomes.Future research should integrate innovative drug formulations(e.g.,long-acting,low-side-effect medications),digital health technologies(e.g.,medication reminder apps and wearable devices),and supportive policies(e.g.,community-based free medication services)as well as patient education to enhance disease awareness.However,the ethical and legal dilemmas(e.g.,balancing patient autonomy with involuntary medication)and privacy concerns in technological applications require further exploration.In conclusion,enhancing medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia requires a personalized,multifaceted approach,and collaborative efforts across various sectors to achieve optimal clinical results and social functioning.展开更多
BACKGROUND Substantial clinical evidence supports the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)for various diseases,particularly in oncology.However,the true impact of CBT interventions on cancer-related fatigue a...BACKGROUND Substantial clinical evidence supports the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)for various diseases,particularly in oncology.However,the true impact of CBT interventions on cancer-related fatigue and mental health in patients with ovarian cancer remains unknown.AIM To evaluate the effects of CBT on fatigue,anxiety,depression and quality of life in patients with ovarian cancer.METHODS Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on CBT for patients with ovarian cancer were searched in the PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases.According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement,we formulated the inclusion and exclusion criteria,strictly screened the literatures,extracted data and performed a meta-analysis.RESULTS Six RCTs with 332 ovarian cancer patients were included.Compared with the control group,cancer fatigue[mean difference(MD)=-0.98,95%confidence interval(CI):-1.47 to-0.50],anxiety[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-0.64,95%CI:-0.91 to-0.36]and depression levels(SMD=-0.41,95%CI:-0.76 to-0.06)of the patients in the experimental group reduced after CBT intervention.Quality of life(MD=1.28,95%CI:0.65 to 1.90)and sleep quality(MD=-0.49,95%CI:-0.66 to-0.33)of the patients improved,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.01).The quality evaluation results suggested that the quality of the included RCTs was low.The meta-regression results showed that patient age and nurse guidance affected treatment outcomes,especially anxiety,whereas the specific method of CBT had a non-significant effect.CONCLUSION CBT effectively improves mental status and cancer-related fatigue in patients with ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Future research should prioritize adequately powered RCTs with standardized outcome measures and longitudinal designs to establish sustained efficacy.展开更多
The northern structural belt of Kuqa Depression is adjacent to the South Tianshan orogenic belt, which are characterized by complex geological conditions. The reservoir quality of the Jurassic Ahe Formation is control...The northern structural belt of Kuqa Depression is adjacent to the South Tianshan orogenic belt, which are characterized by complex geological conditions. The reservoir quality of the Jurassic Ahe Formation is controlled by sedimentation, diagenesis, and tectonics, and show complex pore structure and strong heterogeneity, thereby hindering effective natural gas exploration and development. Core, thin sections, cathodoluminescence (CL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), conventional well logs and image logs are used to characterize the petrological characteristics and pore systems. Then a comprehensive analysis integrating sedimentation, diagenesis, and tectonics is performed to unravel the reservoir formation mechanism and distribution of reservoir quality. Results show that reservoir properties are generally environmentally selective. Coarse grained sandbodies (gravelly sandstones) formed in high depositional-energy have the best physical properties, while fine sandstone and mudstone with low depositional energy is easily to be tightly compacted, and have poor reservoir quality. Porosity usually decreases with compaction and cementation, and increases due to dissolution. Clay minerals filling pores result in a deterioration of the pore structure. Microfracture formed by fracturing can connect the matrix pores, effectively improving the reservoirs’ permeability. The differential distribution of fractures and in-situ stress plays an important role in modifying reservoir quality. The in-situ stress has obvious control over the matrix physical properties and fracture effectiveness. The matrix physical properties are negatively correlated with the value of horizontal stress difference (Δσ). As the value of Δσ increases, the pore structure becomes more complex, and the macroscopic reservoir quality becomes poor. The smaller the strike divergence between the natural fracture and SHmax, the lower the value of Δσ in the fracture layers is, and the better the fracture effectiveness is. Under the control of ternary factors on the reservoir, sedimentation-diagenesis jointly affect the matrix reservoir quality, while fractures and in-situ stress caused by tectonism affect the permeability and hydrocarbon productivity of the reservoir. Affected by ternary factors, reservoir quality and hydrocarbon productivity show obvious differences within the various structural location. Reservoir quality in tight sandstones can be predicted by integrating sedimentation, diagenesis, and tectonics (fracture and in-situ stress) in a compressional tectonic setting like Kuqa Depression. The research results will provide insights into the efficient exploration of oil and gas in Kuqa Depression as well as similar compressional tectonic settings elsewhere.展开更多
A tri-modal microstructure consisting of equiaxedαphase,acicularαphase and β transformed matrix was achieved in TA15 titanium alloy processed by hot rolling and short-time annealing in this work.The mechanical prop...A tri-modal microstructure consisting of equiaxedαphase,acicularαphase and β transformed matrix was achieved in TA15 titanium alloy processed by hot rolling and short-time annealing in this work.The mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms of TA15 titanium alloy with a tri-modal microstructure were investigated.During the annealing treatment,the volume fraction of acicularαphase decreased gradually with increasing the annealing temperature.Furthermore,with the increase in annealing time,the volume fraction ofαphase increased.When the hot-rolled TA15 titanium alloy was annealed at 750℃ for 30 min,a tri-modal microstructure consisting of equiaxedαphase(9.63%/4.56μm),acicularαphase(70.21%/0.22μm),andβtransformed matrix(20.16%)was obtained.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation of the alloy after annealing at 750℃ for 30 min were 982.8 MPa,1096.5 MPa,and 11.72%,respectively.The highest strength-ductility product(12,851 MPa%)was obtained for the alloy annealed at 750℃ for 30 min,which exhibited an extraordinary strength-ductility synchronization.展开更多
A numerical method to predict the bursting strength of filament wound composite rocket motor case is proposed here.This method can evaluate the longitudinal stress evolution of each composite layer as impregnated fila...A numerical method to predict the bursting strength of filament wound composite rocket motor case is proposed here.This method can evaluate the longitudinal stress evolution of each composite layer as impregnated filaments with fiber tension are wound layer by layer,and consider the effects of accumulated stress and deformation during filament winding on the bursting strength of composite case.Taking∅520 mm composite cases as a case study,the filament-winding-process-induced stress and deformation as well as progressive damage behavior are numerically predicted,followed by a comparison with experimental results.The numerical results show that the predicted bursting pressures for composite cases manufactured on the mandrels with and without a flexible component are 14.20 MPa and 21.40 MPa,respectively.These values exhibit slight deviation from the measured pressures of 13.50 MPa and 21.57 MPa.Moreover,the predicted damage locations,situated respectively in the dome and cylinder,agree well with the experimental observation.These observations indicate that use of flexible component reduces the load-bearing capacity of the domes.Furthermore,it validates the reliability and accuracy of the proposed numerical method in predicting the bursting strength of composite cases.展开更多
Rational design of electrochemical sulfide oxidation reaction(SOR)catalysts is a prerequisite to fully recycling hydrogen(H_(2))and elemental sulfur(S0)resources,realizing the bridge between environment and energy fie...Rational design of electrochemical sulfide oxidation reaction(SOR)catalysts is a prerequisite to fully recycling hydrogen(H_(2))and elemental sulfur(S0)resources,realizing the bridge between environment and energy fields,as well as enlightening the optimization of metal‒sulfur battery applications.While transition metal catalysts often suffer from sulfur poisoning,single-atom catalysts(SACs)offer a promising solution,where the precise coordination environment of metal centers becomes a critical determinant of catalytic performance.Herein,for the first time,we develop a Ni single-atom catalyst for SOR with unique Ni-N_(3)O_(1) coordination anchored on hierarchically porous carbon(Ni1@HPC),which demonstrates remarkable advantages over conventional Ni-N_(4) or Ni-O4 configurations,exhibiting a superior SOR activity(0.37 V vs.RHE at 100 mA·cm^(-2))that surpasses reported carbon-based catalysts and is comparable to most metal-based catalysts.In situ Raman and density functional theory(DFT)results reveal that the HPC facilitates rapid product S0 desorption while the Ni-N3O1 coordination enables appropriate reactant sulfide(S^(2-))adsorption,striking a critical balance between activity and stability that other coordination geometries fail to achieve.Additionally,the practical application of coupling hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and SOR is realized on Ni1@HPC with low power consumption,which is a promising alternative to the traditional overall water splitting(OWS)process.This work not only establishes a structure–activity relationship for single-atom catalysts in SOR but also provides a general strategy for optimizing metal coordination in electrocatalytic systems.展开更多
On September 5,2022,an M_(S)6.8 earthquake struck Luding County,Kardze Prefecture,Sichuan Province—an area that is particularly vulnerable to geological changes.The earthquake caused considerable damage along the hig...On September 5,2022,an M_(S)6.8 earthquake struck Luding County,Kardze Prefecture,Sichuan Province—an area that is particularly vulnerable to geological changes.The earthquake caused considerable damage along the highway,leading to road disruptions and blockages,further isolating earthquake-stricken areas.Accordingly,a rapid survey of the main highways in this area was conducted,and 507 damage points were identified.Roadbed damage accounted for more than 70%of the total damages.Co-seismic disasters were primarily distributed along the highways on both sides of the Dadu River in the reservoir area of the Dagangshan Hydropower Station,Caoke Township,and Detuo Township.Further,six factors under three categories of the spatial distribution of highway damage in the earthquake-stricken areas were analyzed.The rate of highway damage was positively correlated with the seismic intensity but negatively correlated with the fault and river distances.The earthquake intensity had the most significant impact:37.5%of road disruptions were found in areas with an intensity of IX;this percentage was 1.6 and 5.8 times greater than those found in areas with intensities of VIII and VII,respectively.The roads with the most significant damage were in regions with intensities above VIII,faults within 5 km,slopes within 30°–70°,rivers within 100 m,and the presence of granite.This indicated that these factors aggravated highway disruption,resulting in more than 90% of damaged highways in strongly shaken regions.Our findings may provide guidance for efficient highway recovery following earthquakes.展开更多
This study examines the grain characteristics,dynamic precipitation phase characteristics,and texture evolution of Mg-Ga-xZn alloys produced through medium-high strain rate rolling.It investigates the impact of Zn on ...This study examines the grain characteristics,dynamic precipitation phase characteristics,and texture evolution of Mg-Ga-xZn alloys produced through medium-high strain rate rolling.It investigates the impact of Zn on the mechanical and damping properties of Mg-Ga sheet.The addition of Zn reduces the solid solubility of Ga inα-Mg,facilitating dynamic precipitation,grain refinement,and weakening of the basal texture of the sheet,ultimately enhancing strength and damping performance.The yield strength of the sheet initially increases and then decreases with increasing Zn content.The Mg-5Ga-0.6 Zn alloy demonstrates the best overall mechanical properties,with a yield strength,tensile strength,and elongation of 221 MPa,304 MPa,and 28.6%,respectively,primarily attributed to fine-grained strengthening.Damping performance at low strain amplitudes also follows a similar trend with increasing Zn content,with Mg-5Ga-0.6 Zn showing the highest damping values.The study suggests that the decrease in damping performance due to Zn can be linked to the reduced solid solubility of Ga inα-Mg.Specifically,at a strain amplitude of 1×10^(-3),the damping values Q-1 of Mg-5Ga,Mg-5Ga-0.6 Zn,and Mg-5Ga-1.2 Zn alloy sheets are 0.0167,0.0152,and 0.0174,respectively.These findings have implications for the development of bio-implantable magnesium alloys with high damping properties.展开更多
Isotropic pyrolytic carbon(IPC)is renowned for its robust mechanical,biological,and tribological prop-erties.However,the current mechanisms for modulating IPC microstructure are insufficient to achieve higher performa...Isotropic pyrolytic carbon(IPC)is renowned for its robust mechanical,biological,and tribological prop-erties.However,the current mechanisms for modulating IPC microstructure are insufficient to achieve higher performance.Herein,this study provides nanoscale insights into the formation and property reg-ulation of the core-shell structure of the IPC,integrating simulation and experimental approaches.Large-scale reactive molecular dynamics simulations elucidate the microstructural evolution and assembly pro-cesses from precursors to nanoparticles and intertwined graphene networks.Simulation process charac-terization enable versatile adjustment of IPC microstructural features and one-step deposition of hybrid structures with disordered cores and ordered shell layers.Compared to Pyrolytic carbon(PyC)with lam-inated graphene arrangement,the prepared hybrid structure enables rapid assembly of large-size stan-dalone carbon components.Moreover,the hybrid architecture effectively improves the core-shell phase connection and significantly increases the interfacial shear stress within the intertwined graphene shell layers.Consequently,it greatly improves load transfer efficiency and enhances crack-bridging toughening effect.The endeavor to establish precise microstructure formation and property regulation in IPC materi-als promises to steer high-performance carbon materials toward distinct developmental trajectories.展开更多
目的评估信号对传系统、骨锚式助听器和人工耳蜗植入对单侧耳聋的治疗效果。方法对2009-2015年间，选择不同治疗方法与单侧耳聋（single-sided deafness，SSD）的关键词组合在外文数据库PubMed、Springerlink、Web of Science中进行检...目的评估信号对传系统、骨锚式助听器和人工耳蜗植入对单侧耳聋的治疗效果。方法对2009-2015年间，选择不同治疗方法与单侧耳聋（single-sided deafness，SSD）的关键词组合在外文数据库PubMed、Springerlink、Web of Science中进行检索。共搜索出46篇研究论文。排除研究样本量太小，数据不确定或缺失的论文，最终纳入13篇。结果最终纳入的13篇文献，其研究方法包括使用主客观评估某种治疗方法或比较多种治疗方法的有效性。不同方法评估SSD干预后显示均有提高，但主观评估相比客观评估优点显著，且各研究结果差异很大，部分信息相互矛盾。临床评估本身缺乏与现实生活相似的环境，因此其定性结果存在争议，且各项评估的结果差异很大，无法直接比较。结论三种治疗方法均可改善SSD患者症状。为了客观量化干预效果，仍需进一步临床研究。展开更多
Many studies have shown that bio-scaffolds have important value for promoting axonal regeneration of injured spinal cord.Indeed,cell transplantation and bio-scaffold implantation are considered to be effective methods...Many studies have shown that bio-scaffolds have important value for promoting axonal regeneration of injured spinal cord.Indeed,cell transplantation and bio-scaffold implantation are considered to be effective methods for neural regeneration.This study was designed to fabricate a type of three-dimensional collagen/silk fibroin scaffold (3D-CF) with cavities that simulate the anatomy of normal spinal cord.This scaffold allows cell growth in vitro and in vivo.To observe the effects of combined transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and 3D-CF on the repair of spinal cord injury.Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham (only laminectomy was performed),spinal cord injury (transection injury of T10 spinal cord without any transplantation),3D-CF (3D scaffold was transplanted into the local injured cavity),and 3D-CF + NSCs (3D scaffold co-cultured with NSCs was transplanted into the local injured cavity.Neuroelectrophysiology,imaging,hematoxylin-eosin staining,argentaffin staining,immunofluorescence staining,and western blot assay were performed.Apart from the sham group,neurological scores were significantly higher in the 3D-CF + NSCs group compared with other groups.Moreover,latency of the 3D-CF + NSCs group was significantly reduced,while the amplitude was significantly increased in motor evoked potential tests.The results of magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging showed that both spinal cord continuity and the filling of injury cavity were the best in the 3D-CF + NSCs group.Moreover,regenerative axons were abundant and glial scarring was reduced in the 3D-CF + NSCs group compared with other groups.These results confirm that implantation of 3D-CF combined with NSCs can promote the repair of injured spinal cord.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of People’s Armed Police Force Medical Center in 2017 (approval No.2017-0007.2).展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22109127)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M702666)+2 种基金the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NPU),China (Grant No.2023-TS-02)The financial support from the Youth Project of"Shaanxi High-level Talents Introduction Plan"the Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) are also sincerely appreciated
文摘Photo-assisted lithium–sulfur batteries(PALSBs)offer an eco-friendly solution to address the issue of sluggish reaction kinetics of conventional LSBs.However,designing an efficient photoelectrode for practical implementation remains a significant challenge.Herein,we construct a free-standing polymer–inorganic hybrid photoelectrode with a direct Z-scheme heterostructure to develop high-efficiency PALSBs.Specifically,polypyrrole(PPy)is in situ vapor-phase polymerized on the surface of N-doped TiO_(2) nanorods supported on carbon cloth(N-TiO_(2)/CC),thereby forming a well-defined p–n heterojunction.This architecture efficiently facilitates the carrier separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs and significantly enhances carrier transport by creating a built-in electric field.Thus,the PPy@N-TiO_(2)/CC can simultaneously act as a photocatalyst and an electrocatalyst to accelerate the reduction and evolution of sulfur,enabling ultrafast sulfur redox dynamics,as convincingly validated by both theoretical simulations and experimental results.Consequently,the PPy@N-TiO_(2)/CC PALSB achieves a high discharge capacity of 1653 mAh g^(−1),reaching 98.7%of the theoretical value.Furthermore,5 h of photo-charging without external voltage enables the PALSB to deliver a discharge capacity of 333 mAh g^(−1),achieving dual-mode energy harvesting capabilities.This work successfully integrates solar energy conversion and storage within a rechargeable battery system,providing a promising strategy for sustainable energy storage technologies.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L242149)Research Project on High Quality Development of Hospital Pharmacy,National Institute of Hospital Administration,NHC,China(NIHAYS2332)+1 种基金National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(BJ-2023-199)Capital Funds for Health Improvement and Research(CFH)(2024-1-4052).
文摘Objective To examine national trends in antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance(AMR)among six WHO-priority bacterial pathogens in China from 2016 to 2022.Methods This ecological study analyzed national and provincial data from the China Antibacterial Resistance Surveillance System(CARSS)and the National Hospital Information Network.Beta regression models assessed temporal trends,and hierarchical models evaluated associations between antibiotic use and resistance.Results From 2016 to 2022,carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium and E.faecalis significantly declined(β<0,P<0.010),while carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae increased(β=0.081,P<0.001).Nationwide antibiotic consumption rose across 10 major classes.Positive associations were found between carbapenem use and resistance in A.baumannii(z=2.719,P=0.007)and P.aeruginosa(z=3.241,P=0.001),and between vancomycin use and resistance in E.faecium(z=4.510,P=0.001)and E.faecalis(z=3.210,P=0.001).Conclusion Carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae increased significantly in China,while other resistant pathogens declined.Resistance patterns were linked to the use of multiple antibiotic classes,underscoring the need for strengthened antibiotic stewardship and surveillance.
基金supported by Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum(Beijing)(No.2462023QNXZ010).
文摘Coaly source rocks have attracted considerable attention for their significant hydrocarbon generation potential in recent years. However, limited study is performed on utilizing geochemical data and well log data to evaluate coaly hydrocarbon source rocks. In this study, geochemical data and well log data are selected from two key wells to conduct an evaluation of coaly hydrocarbon source rocks of Jurassic Kezilenuer Formation in Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin. Initially, analysis was focused on geochemical parameters to assess organic matter type, source rock quality, and hydrocarbon generation potential.Lithology types of source rocks include mudstone, carbonaceous mudstone and coal. The predominant organic matter type identified was Type Ⅲ and Type Ⅱ_(2), indicating a favorable hydrocarbon generation potential. Well log data are integrated to predict total organic carbon(TOC) content, and the results indicate that multiple regression method is effective in predicting TOC of carbonaceous mudstone and coal. However, the ΔlgR method exhibited limited predictive capability for mudstone source rock.Additionally, machine learning methods including multilayer perceptron neural network(MLP), random forest(RF), and extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) techniques are employed to predict TOC of mudstone source rock. The XGBoost performs best in TOC prediction with correlation coefficient(R2) of 0.9517, indicating a close agreement between measured and predicted TOC values. This study provides a reliable prediction method of coaly hydrocarbon source rocks through machine learning methods, and will provide guidance for resource assessment.
文摘Medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia is essential for managing symptoms,improving prognosis,and enhancing the quality of life.Despite the importance of adherence,it remains a global challenge.It is influenced by various factors,including symptom severity(e.g.,excitement and impulse control disorders),attitudes towards medication(e.g.,pharmacophobia),lack of social support,and the communication efficacy of healthcare teams.Regarding assessment tools,self-report questionnaires,such as the Morisky Scale,are common but subject to recall bias.Electronic monitoring devices(e.g.,Medication Event Monitoring System)and pharmacy refill data offer more objective measures of adherence,whereas biomarkers,such as blood drug concentration monitoring,show promise under specific conditions but require further validation.Long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications have shown greater adherence benefits than oral medications.Psychological interventions such as motivational interviewing and mindfulness training,along with multidisciplinary team efforts,including psychiatrists,pharmacists,and psychotherapists,can significantly improve patient outcomes.Future research should integrate innovative drug formulations(e.g.,long-acting,low-side-effect medications),digital health technologies(e.g.,medication reminder apps and wearable devices),and supportive policies(e.g.,community-based free medication services)as well as patient education to enhance disease awareness.However,the ethical and legal dilemmas(e.g.,balancing patient autonomy with involuntary medication)and privacy concerns in technological applications require further exploration.In conclusion,enhancing medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia requires a personalized,multifaceted approach,and collaborative efforts across various sectors to achieve optimal clinical results and social functioning.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81860716Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,No.22JR11RA237Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Northwest Minzu University,No.31920230067.
文摘BACKGROUND Substantial clinical evidence supports the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)for various diseases,particularly in oncology.However,the true impact of CBT interventions on cancer-related fatigue and mental health in patients with ovarian cancer remains unknown.AIM To evaluate the effects of CBT on fatigue,anxiety,depression and quality of life in patients with ovarian cancer.METHODS Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on CBT for patients with ovarian cancer were searched in the PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases.According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement,we formulated the inclusion and exclusion criteria,strictly screened the literatures,extracted data and performed a meta-analysis.RESULTS Six RCTs with 332 ovarian cancer patients were included.Compared with the control group,cancer fatigue[mean difference(MD)=-0.98,95%confidence interval(CI):-1.47 to-0.50],anxiety[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-0.64,95%CI:-0.91 to-0.36]and depression levels(SMD=-0.41,95%CI:-0.76 to-0.06)of the patients in the experimental group reduced after CBT intervention.Quality of life(MD=1.28,95%CI:0.65 to 1.90)and sleep quality(MD=-0.49,95%CI:-0.66 to-0.33)of the patients improved,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.01).The quality evaluation results suggested that the quality of the included RCTs was low.The meta-regression results showed that patient age and nurse guidance affected treatment outcomes,especially anxiety,whereas the specific method of CBT had a non-significant effect.CONCLUSION CBT effectively improves mental status and cancer-related fatigue in patients with ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Future research should prioritize adequately powered RCTs with standardized outcome measures and longitudinal designs to establish sustained efficacy.
基金supported by Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462023QNXZ010,No.2462023XKBH012,No.2462024XKBH009)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M753612,No.GZC20233101).
文摘The northern structural belt of Kuqa Depression is adjacent to the South Tianshan orogenic belt, which are characterized by complex geological conditions. The reservoir quality of the Jurassic Ahe Formation is controlled by sedimentation, diagenesis, and tectonics, and show complex pore structure and strong heterogeneity, thereby hindering effective natural gas exploration and development. Core, thin sections, cathodoluminescence (CL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), conventional well logs and image logs are used to characterize the petrological characteristics and pore systems. Then a comprehensive analysis integrating sedimentation, diagenesis, and tectonics is performed to unravel the reservoir formation mechanism and distribution of reservoir quality. Results show that reservoir properties are generally environmentally selective. Coarse grained sandbodies (gravelly sandstones) formed in high depositional-energy have the best physical properties, while fine sandstone and mudstone with low depositional energy is easily to be tightly compacted, and have poor reservoir quality. Porosity usually decreases with compaction and cementation, and increases due to dissolution. Clay minerals filling pores result in a deterioration of the pore structure. Microfracture formed by fracturing can connect the matrix pores, effectively improving the reservoirs’ permeability. The differential distribution of fractures and in-situ stress plays an important role in modifying reservoir quality. The in-situ stress has obvious control over the matrix physical properties and fracture effectiveness. The matrix physical properties are negatively correlated with the value of horizontal stress difference (Δσ). As the value of Δσ increases, the pore structure becomes more complex, and the macroscopic reservoir quality becomes poor. The smaller the strike divergence between the natural fracture and SHmax, the lower the value of Δσ in the fracture layers is, and the better the fracture effectiveness is. Under the control of ternary factors on the reservoir, sedimentation-diagenesis jointly affect the matrix reservoir quality, while fractures and in-situ stress caused by tectonism affect the permeability and hydrocarbon productivity of the reservoir. Affected by ternary factors, reservoir quality and hydrocarbon productivity show obvious differences within the various structural location. Reservoir quality in tight sandstones can be predicted by integrating sedimentation, diagenesis, and tectonics (fracture and in-situ stress) in a compressional tectonic setting like Kuqa Depression. The research results will provide insights into the efficient exploration of oil and gas in Kuqa Depression as well as similar compressional tectonic settings elsewhere.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52364050)the Guizhou Province Science and Technology Project(No.[2022]-050)+2 种基金the Science and Technology granted by Guiyang city for financial support(No.[2023]48-16)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M760674)the Guizhou Province Science and Technology Project(No.ZK[2023]071).
文摘A tri-modal microstructure consisting of equiaxedαphase,acicularαphase and β transformed matrix was achieved in TA15 titanium alloy processed by hot rolling and short-time annealing in this work.The mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms of TA15 titanium alloy with a tri-modal microstructure were investigated.During the annealing treatment,the volume fraction of acicularαphase decreased gradually with increasing the annealing temperature.Furthermore,with the increase in annealing time,the volume fraction ofαphase increased.When the hot-rolled TA15 titanium alloy was annealed at 750℃ for 30 min,a tri-modal microstructure consisting of equiaxedαphase(9.63%/4.56μm),acicularαphase(70.21%/0.22μm),andβtransformed matrix(20.16%)was obtained.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation of the alloy after annealing at 750℃ for 30 min were 982.8 MPa,1096.5 MPa,and 11.72%,respectively.The highest strength-ductility product(12,851 MPa%)was obtained for the alloy annealed at 750℃ for 30 min,which exhibited an extraordinary strength-ductility synchronization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11902231)the Major Program(JD)of Hubei Province,China(No.2023BAA004).
文摘A numerical method to predict the bursting strength of filament wound composite rocket motor case is proposed here.This method can evaluate the longitudinal stress evolution of each composite layer as impregnated filaments with fiber tension are wound layer by layer,and consider the effects of accumulated stress and deformation during filament winding on the bursting strength of composite case.Taking∅520 mm composite cases as a case study,the filament-winding-process-induced stress and deformation as well as progressive damage behavior are numerically predicted,followed by a comparison with experimental results.The numerical results show that the predicted bursting pressures for composite cases manufactured on the mandrels with and without a flexible component are 14.20 MPa and 21.40 MPa,respectively.These values exhibit slight deviation from the measured pressures of 13.50 MPa and 21.57 MPa.Moreover,the predicted damage locations,situated respectively in the dome and cylinder,agree well with the experimental observation.These observations indicate that use of flexible component reduces the load-bearing capacity of the domes.Furthermore,it validates the reliability and accuracy of the proposed numerical method in predicting the bursting strength of composite cases.
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0209301 and 2018YFA0209303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22272027,U21A20326,U1905214,21425309,21761132002,21961142019,and 21861130353)+1 种基金the Chang Jiang Scholars Program of China(No.T2016147)the 111 Project(No.D16008).
文摘Rational design of electrochemical sulfide oxidation reaction(SOR)catalysts is a prerequisite to fully recycling hydrogen(H_(2))and elemental sulfur(S0)resources,realizing the bridge between environment and energy fields,as well as enlightening the optimization of metal‒sulfur battery applications.While transition metal catalysts often suffer from sulfur poisoning,single-atom catalysts(SACs)offer a promising solution,where the precise coordination environment of metal centers becomes a critical determinant of catalytic performance.Herein,for the first time,we develop a Ni single-atom catalyst for SOR with unique Ni-N_(3)O_(1) coordination anchored on hierarchically porous carbon(Ni1@HPC),which demonstrates remarkable advantages over conventional Ni-N_(4) or Ni-O4 configurations,exhibiting a superior SOR activity(0.37 V vs.RHE at 100 mA·cm^(-2))that surpasses reported carbon-based catalysts and is comparable to most metal-based catalysts.In situ Raman and density functional theory(DFT)results reveal that the HPC facilitates rapid product S0 desorption while the Ni-N3O1 coordination enables appropriate reactant sulfide(S^(2-))adsorption,striking a critical balance between activity and stability that other coordination geometries fail to achieve.Additionally,the practical application of coupling hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and SOR is realized on Ni1@HPC with low power consumption,which is a promising alternative to the traditional overall water splitting(OWS)process.This work not only establishes a structure–activity relationship for single-atom catalysts in SOR but also provides a general strategy for optimizing metal coordination in electrocatalytic systems.
基金funded by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2023NSFSC1414 and 2023NSFSC0263)Sichuan Transportation Science and Technology Program(No.2018-B-05)Sichuan Communication Surveying&Design Institute CO.,LTD(No.232023002).
文摘On September 5,2022,an M_(S)6.8 earthquake struck Luding County,Kardze Prefecture,Sichuan Province—an area that is particularly vulnerable to geological changes.The earthquake caused considerable damage along the highway,leading to road disruptions and blockages,further isolating earthquake-stricken areas.Accordingly,a rapid survey of the main highways in this area was conducted,and 507 damage points were identified.Roadbed damage accounted for more than 70%of the total damages.Co-seismic disasters were primarily distributed along the highways on both sides of the Dadu River in the reservoir area of the Dagangshan Hydropower Station,Caoke Township,and Detuo Township.Further,six factors under three categories of the spatial distribution of highway damage in the earthquake-stricken areas were analyzed.The rate of highway damage was positively correlated with the seismic intensity but negatively correlated with the fault and river distances.The earthquake intensity had the most significant impact:37.5%of road disruptions were found in areas with an intensity of IX;this percentage was 1.6 and 5.8 times greater than those found in areas with intensities of VIII and VII,respectively.The roads with the most significant damage were in regions with intensities above VIII,faults within 5 km,slopes within 30°–70°,rivers within 100 m,and the presence of granite.This indicated that these factors aggravated highway disruption,resulting in more than 90% of damaged highways in strongly shaken regions.Our findings may provide guidance for efficient highway recovery following earthquakes.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51871093)the Scientific Research Program for Introducing Talents of Guizhou University(No.2023(06))the Basic Research Program of Guizhou University(No.2023(02)).
文摘This study examines the grain characteristics,dynamic precipitation phase characteristics,and texture evolution of Mg-Ga-xZn alloys produced through medium-high strain rate rolling.It investigates the impact of Zn on the mechanical and damping properties of Mg-Ga sheet.The addition of Zn reduces the solid solubility of Ga inα-Mg,facilitating dynamic precipitation,grain refinement,and weakening of the basal texture of the sheet,ultimately enhancing strength and damping performance.The yield strength of the sheet initially increases and then decreases with increasing Zn content.The Mg-5Ga-0.6 Zn alloy demonstrates the best overall mechanical properties,with a yield strength,tensile strength,and elongation of 221 MPa,304 MPa,and 28.6%,respectively,primarily attributed to fine-grained strengthening.Damping performance at low strain amplitudes also follows a similar trend with increasing Zn content,with Mg-5Ga-0.6 Zn showing the highest damping values.The study suggests that the decrease in damping performance due to Zn can be linked to the reduced solid solubility of Ga inα-Mg.Specifically,at a strain amplitude of 1×10^(-3),the damping values Q-1 of Mg-5Ga,Mg-5Ga-0.6 Zn,and Mg-5Ga-1.2 Zn alloy sheets are 0.0167,0.0152,and 0.0174,respectively.These findings have implications for the development of bio-implantable magnesium alloys with high damping properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52293371,52222204 and 52172103).
文摘Isotropic pyrolytic carbon(IPC)is renowned for its robust mechanical,biological,and tribological prop-erties.However,the current mechanisms for modulating IPC microstructure are insufficient to achieve higher performance.Herein,this study provides nanoscale insights into the formation and property reg-ulation of the core-shell structure of the IPC,integrating simulation and experimental approaches.Large-scale reactive molecular dynamics simulations elucidate the microstructural evolution and assembly pro-cesses from precursors to nanoparticles and intertwined graphene networks.Simulation process charac-terization enable versatile adjustment of IPC microstructural features and one-step deposition of hybrid structures with disordered cores and ordered shell layers.Compared to Pyrolytic carbon(PyC)with lam-inated graphene arrangement,the prepared hybrid structure enables rapid assembly of large-size stan-dalone carbon components.Moreover,the hybrid architecture effectively improves the core-shell phase connection and significantly increases the interfacial shear stress within the intertwined graphene shell layers.Consequently,it greatly improves load transfer efficiency and enhances crack-bridging toughening effect.The endeavor to establish precise microstructure formation and property regulation in IPC materi-als promises to steer high-performance carbon materials toward distinct developmental trajectories.
文摘目的评估信号对传系统、骨锚式助听器和人工耳蜗植入对单侧耳聋的治疗效果。方法对2009-2015年间，选择不同治疗方法与单侧耳聋（single-sided deafness，SSD）的关键词组合在外文数据库PubMed、Springerlink、Web of Science中进行检索。共搜索出46篇研究论文。排除研究样本量太小，数据不确定或缺失的论文，最终纳入13篇。结果最终纳入的13篇文献，其研究方法包括使用主客观评估某种治疗方法或比较多种治疗方法的有效性。不同方法评估SSD干预后显示均有提高，但主观评估相比客观评估优点显著，且各研究结果差异很大，部分信息相互矛盾。临床评估本身缺乏与现实生活相似的环境，因此其定性结果存在争议，且各项评估的结果差异很大，无法直接比较。结论三种治疗方法均可改善SSD患者症状。为了客观量化干预效果，仍需进一步临床研究。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.11672332(to XYC)the National Key Research and Development Plan of China,No.2016YFC1101500(to SZ)
文摘Many studies have shown that bio-scaffolds have important value for promoting axonal regeneration of injured spinal cord.Indeed,cell transplantation and bio-scaffold implantation are considered to be effective methods for neural regeneration.This study was designed to fabricate a type of three-dimensional collagen/silk fibroin scaffold (3D-CF) with cavities that simulate the anatomy of normal spinal cord.This scaffold allows cell growth in vitro and in vivo.To observe the effects of combined transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and 3D-CF on the repair of spinal cord injury.Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham (only laminectomy was performed),spinal cord injury (transection injury of T10 spinal cord without any transplantation),3D-CF (3D scaffold was transplanted into the local injured cavity),and 3D-CF + NSCs (3D scaffold co-cultured with NSCs was transplanted into the local injured cavity.Neuroelectrophysiology,imaging,hematoxylin-eosin staining,argentaffin staining,immunofluorescence staining,and western blot assay were performed.Apart from the sham group,neurological scores were significantly higher in the 3D-CF + NSCs group compared with other groups.Moreover,latency of the 3D-CF + NSCs group was significantly reduced,while the amplitude was significantly increased in motor evoked potential tests.The results of magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging showed that both spinal cord continuity and the filling of injury cavity were the best in the 3D-CF + NSCs group.Moreover,regenerative axons were abundant and glial scarring was reduced in the 3D-CF + NSCs group compared with other groups.These results confirm that implantation of 3D-CF combined with NSCs can promote the repair of injured spinal cord.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of People’s Armed Police Force Medical Center in 2017 (approval No.2017-0007.2).
